CN112970401A - Fertilizing method, water and fertilizer slow-release bag and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fertilizing method, water and fertilizer slow-release bag and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112970401A CN112970401A CN201911302652.XA CN201911302652A CN112970401A CN 112970401 A CN112970401 A CN 112970401A CN 201911302652 A CN201911302652 A CN 201911302652A CN 112970401 A CN112970401 A CN 112970401A
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- fertilizer
- water
- slow release
- release bag
- bag
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002785 Croscarmellose sodium Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical group OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 4
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MXZRMHIULZDAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L ammonium magnesium phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O MXZRMHIULZDAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002509 fulvic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940095100 fulvic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052567 struvite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiosulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002713 calcium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- MYFXBBAEXORJNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium cyanamide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[N-]=C=[N-] MYFXBBAEXORJNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ICYJJTNLBFMCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-J molybdenum(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Mo+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ICYJJTNLBFMCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 44
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 32
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 23
- 235000021048 nutrient requirements Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 244000252337 Epipremnum pinnatum Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 4
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a fertilizing method which comprises the following steps that after a water and fertilizer slow release carrier loaded with water and fertilizer is adopted to fertilize crops, the water and fertilizer slow release carrier loaded with the water and fertilizer can slowly release the water and the fertilizer, and the crops are fertilized. The invention provides a fertilizing mode with simultaneous slow release of water and fertilizer and a corresponding water and fertilizer slow release bag. The water and fertilizer slow release bag is provided with a double-layer resin slow release bag, water in the super absorbent resin permeates into the fertilizer composition layer, under the action of the water, nutrient elements in the fertilizer are gradually separated out through micropores on the surface of the bag body and permeate into soil, necessary nutrient elements are provided for plant growth, and the effects of sufficient fertilizer effect and long fertilizer effect are achieved. The slow-release bag is simple to manufacture, low in cost, environment-friendly, pollution-free and convenient to use, can be recycled, achieves the effects of reducing fertilization times, reducing fertilization labor intensity, improving fertilizer utilization efficiency and the like, and is easy to popularize and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of slow/controlled release fertilizers, and relates to a fertilizing method, a water-fertilizer slow release bag and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a fertilizing method with a slow/controlled release function, a water-fertilizer slow release bag with a slow/controlled release function and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The fertilizer is grain of crops, the fertilization is one of important agronomic measures in agricultural production, the fertilizer is the fastest and most important grain yield increasing measure in developed countries and developing countries, and the contribution rate of the fertilizer to the yield increase of the crops reaches about 40-50%. However, common nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers used in China are all granular or powdery, and the fertilizers are easily dissolved in water, are dissolved by rainwater or irrigation water after being applied and flow into rivers or permeate underground along with water, so that the utilization rate of the fertilizer is low, about 35 percent, and is half of developed countries. The low fertilizer utilization rate causes serious resource waste and economic loss, 1400 million tons of nitrogen fertilizer are lost in agricultural fertilization in China every year, namely 3000 million tons of urea are lost, and 500 billion yuan is directly lost economically. And causes various environmental problems of soil salinization, acidification, structure deterioration, water eutrophication, air pollution and the like. Therefore, scientific researchers strive to reduce fertilizer loss to the maximum extent and improve fertilizer utilization rate while ensuring grain yield.
The main types of slow/controlled release fertilizers currently available on the market are the following three: the first is organically synthesized slightly soluble slow release nitrogen fertilizer, the nutrient release of the fertilizer is slow, the utilization rate of the fertilizer can be effectively improved, but the release rate of the nutrient is influenced by various factors such as soil moisture, pH, microorganisms and the like, the artificial regulation and control possibility is low, the commodity price is high, and the market development speed is slow; the second is a cementing organic-inorganic slow release fertilizer, but the preparation process is complicated and the market competitiveness is limited; the third is a high molecular polymer coated slow/controlled release fertilizer with good slow release performance. However, the sulfur coating layer is easy to acidify the soil, the resin coating layer is difficult to degrade in the soil, and the long-term residue in the soil inevitably damages the physical structure of the soil and brings secondary pollution to the environment. Because the slow/controlled release fertilizer is expensive and is generally 2.5 to 8 times higher than the conventional fertilizer, most of the slow/controlled release fertilizer is applied to the production of flowers, vegetables, lawns and the like with higher economic value, and field crops are less popularized and applied in a large area. Certainly, other slow/controlled release methods exist, for example, the technical scheme of Chinese patent application No. 201210394541.8 discloses a flue-cured tobacco slow release fertilizer and an application method thereof. According to the application, the kraft paper is used for preparing the slow release bag for wrapping the common fertilizer, so that a good slow release effect is achieved, the fertilizer is released only when the kraft paper is completely soaked by water, and the release rate adjustability is poor. The technical scheme of the Chinese patent application No. 201810287758.6 also discloses a high-efficiency horticultural fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein a non-woven fabric is used as a supporting layer, and a slow-release functional layer is formed by coating nano silicon oxide or titanium oxide, so that a slow-release film bag is prepared, but the inorganic slow-release functional layer is easy to peel off, and the slow-release effect is limited.
Therefore, how to find a better sustained-release and controlled-release method, solve the above technical problems in the sustained/controlled-release fertilizer industry, better reduce the procedures, save the cost, realize the recycling, and become one of the problems to be solved by various manufacturers in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fertilizing method, a water and fertilizer slow-release bag and a preparation method thereof, and particularly to a fertilizing method with a slow/controlled release function and a water and fertilizer slow-release bag with a slow/controlled release function. And the slow release bag can be recycled, so that resource waste and secondary pollution caused by white garbage are effectively avoided.
The invention provides a fertilizing method, which comprises the following steps:
a) after the water and fertilizer slow release carrier carrying water and fertilizer is adopted to fertilize crops, the water and fertilizer slow release carrier carrying water and fertilizer can slowly release the water and fertilizer, and the crops are fertilized.
Preferably, the fertilizer is a water-soluble fertilizer;
the release is water driven release;
the fertilizer comprises a fertilizer composition;
the water and fertilizer slow release carrier comprises a water and fertilizer slow release bag;
the mass ratio of water to the fertilizer in the water-fertilizer slow-release carrier is (10-50): 1.
preferably, the fertilization mode comprises soil fertilization and/or extra-root topdressing;
the type of the fertilizer application comprises one or more of base fertilizer, additional fertilizer and seed fertilizer;
the crops comprise one or more of fruits, flowers, vegetable crops, grasses, trees and medicinal crops;
the specific steps of fertilization are as follows:
digging a pit in the soil of the root system of the crop, and burying the water and fertilizer slow release carrier.
The invention provides a water and fertilizer sustained-release bag, which comprises water-containing super absorbent resin;
an inner layer sustained-release bag wrapped outside the water-containing super absorbent resin;
a fertilizer arranged outside the inner layer slow-release bag;
an outer layer slow release bag coated outside the fertilizer.
Preferably, the water and fertilizer slow release bag is in a water drop shape;
the inner layer slow release bag is a resin film slow release bag;
the outer layer slow release bag is a resin film slow release bag;
the inner layer slow release bag and the outer layer slow release bag form a sandwich structure slow release bag, and the fertilizer is placed in the sandwich structure.
Preferably, the water-containing super absorbent resin, the inner layer slow release bag, the fertilizer and the outer layer slow release bag have the same vertex in the composition structure;
a positioning rope and/or a positioning label are/is further arranged on the vertex;
the inner layer slow release bag and the outer layer slow release bag can be composite films formed by laminating film materials.
Preferably, the super absorbent resin comprises one or more of starch grafted acrylate, grafted acrylamide, high-substitution degree crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose, crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose grafted acrylamide and crosslinked hydroxyethyl cellulose grafted acrylamide polymer;
the material of the inner layer slow release bag comprises one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide;
the material of the outer layer slow release bag comprises one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide.
Preferably, the particle size of the super absorbent resin is 0.1 mm-2 mm;
the thickness of the inner layer slow release bag is 7-20 mu m;
the median pore diameter of the inner layer slow release bag is 0.05-10 mu m;
the thickness of the outer-layer slow release bag is 7-20 mu m;
the median pore diameter of the outer layer slow release bag is 0.05-10 mu m.
Preferably, the fertilizer comprises 25-65% of organic fertilizer, 28-73% of inorganic fertilizer and 1-10% of auxiliary additive;
the organic fertilizer comprises one or more of a mushroom residue composted and decomposed finished product, a straw composted and decomposed finished product, a livestock and poultry manure composted and decomposed finished product, a sludge and mushroom residue mixed composted and decomposed finished product, a biogas residue and mushroom residue mixed composted and decomposed finished product, peat, an oil cake decomposed finished product, bagasse, xylitol residue, plant ash, a cottonseed cake, bactericide residue and coconut residue;
the inorganic fertilizer comprises a compound fertilizer or a simple substance fertilizer composition;
the auxiliary additive comprises any three mixtures or more than three mixtures of copper sulfate, urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate, lime nitrogen, magnesium ammonium phosphate, boric acid, diatomite, ATS, dicyandiamide, ammonium sulfate, potassium chloride, urea formaldehyde, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, molybdenum sulfate, ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, calcium chloride, fulvic acid and humic acid.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the water and fertilizer sustained-release bag, which comprises the following steps:
1) laminating and compounding resin film materials to obtain a specific interlayer slow-release bag base material;
2) filling the super absorbent resin absorbed with water into the inner layer of the base material of the slow release bag, and carrying out heat sealing and packaging;
3) uniformly mixing the fertilizer according to the component proportion, filling the fertilizer into the outer layer of the slow release bag, and carrying out heat sealing again to obtain a water-fertilizer slow release bag;
and a positioning label and/or a positioning rope can be fixed at the top of the slow release bag after the heat sealing and packaging are carried out again.
The invention provides a fertilizing method which comprises the following steps that after a water and fertilizer slow release carrier loaded with water and fertilizer is adopted to fertilize crops, the water and fertilizer slow release carrier loaded with the water and fertilizer can slowly release the water and the fertilizer, and the crops are fertilized. The invention also provides a water and fertilizer sustained-release bag. Compared with the prior art, the invention aims at the problems that the sulfur coating and the resin coating are formed on the surface of the existing slow/controlled release fertilizer, such as fertilizer particles, and the soil acidification, pollution and the like can be caused by using the fertilizer for a long time; the slow/controlled release fertilizer is expensive, is generally 2.5-8 times higher than the conventional fertilizer, and is not beneficial to popularization and application in field crops; and the release rate of other methods such as kraft paper, non-woven fabric slow release bags and the like is controlled by the surrounding soil moisture environment, and the slow release controllability is poor. The invention creatively provides a fertilizing mode with simultaneous slow release of water and fertilizer and a corresponding water and fertilizer slow release bag. The water and fertilizer slow release bag is provided with a double-layer resin slow release bag, water in the super absorbent resin permeates into the fertilizer composition layer, under the action of the water, nutrient elements in the fertilizer are gradually separated out through micropores on the surface of the bag body and permeate into soil, necessary nutrient elements are provided for plant growth, and the effects of sufficient fertilizer effect and long fertilizer effect are achieved. The slow release bag is simple in manufacturing method, low in cost, environment-friendly and pollution-free, and more importantly, the slow release bag is convenient to use, only vertical pits need to be dug in soil of a plant root system when the slow release bag is applied, the slow release bag is buried in the soil, or the slow release bag is used on a plant body, so that the fertilizer application times are reduced, the labor intensity of fertilizer application is reduced, the fertilizer application efficiency is improved, and the slow release bag is easy to popularize and use.
Experimental results show that the water-fertilizer slow-release bag can improve the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer and has the effect of reducing labor and improving quality, and the nutrient release rate is more than or equal to 90% in 80 days when the water-fertilizer slow-release bag is buried in the root system of scindapsus aureus.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a water and fertilizer sustained-release bag provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention by way of example, and it is to be understood that the description is intended to further illustrate features and advantages of the invention, and not to limit the scope of the claims.
All of the starting materials of the present invention, without particular limitation as to their source, may be purchased commercially or prepared according to conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.
All the raw materials of the present invention are not particularly limited in purity, and the present invention is preferably those having chemical purity or purity which is conventional in the field of fertilizer production.
The invention provides a fertilizing method, which comprises the following steps:
a) after the water and fertilizer slow release carrier carrying water and fertilizer is adopted to fertilize crops, the water and fertilizer slow release carrier carrying water and fertilizer can slowly release the water and fertilizer, and the crops are fertilized.
The invention has no special limitation on the selection of the fertilizer in principle, and the skilled in the art can select and adjust the fertilizer according to the actual crop conditions, the fertilization requirements and the nutrient requirements. In particular, the fertilizer of the present invention preferably comprises a fertilizer composition or a mono-nutrient fertilizer, more preferably a fertilizer composition.
The specific selection of the water and fertilizer slow release carrier is not particularly limited in principle, and in order to improve the slow/controlled release effect, better reduce the fertilizer nutrient loss, ensure the uniform and controllable fertilizer effect and achieve the effects of sufficient and long fertilizer effect, the water and fertilizer slow release carrier preferably comprises a water and fertilizer slow release bag, and more preferably the water and fertilizer slow release bag provided by the invention.
The specific ratio of water to the fertilizer in the water and fertilizer slow-release carrier is not particularly limited in principle, and can be selected and adjusted by a person skilled in the art according to actual crop conditions, fertilization requirements and nutrient requirements, in order to improve the slow/controlled release effect, better reduce the fertilizer nutrient loss, ensure the uniform and controllable fertilizer effect and achieve the effects of sufficient and long-lasting fertilizer effect, the mass ratio of the water to the fertilizer in the water and fertilizer slow-release carrier is preferably (10-50): 1, more preferably (15 to 45): 1, more preferably (20 to 40): 1, more preferably (25 to 35): 1.
the invention is not particularly limited to the specific types of the crops in principle, and the skilled in the art can select and adjust the crops according to the actual crop conditions, the fertilization requirements and the nutrient requirements.
The method for applying fertilizer is not particularly limited in principle, and can be selected and adjusted by a person skilled in the art according to the actual crop conditions, the fertilizer application requirements and the nutrient requirements. The type of the fertilizer application of the invention preferably comprises one or more of base fertilizer, additional fertilizer and seed fertilizer, and more preferably base fertilizer and/or seed fertilizer.
The specific steps of the fertilization are not particularly limited in principle, and a person skilled in the art can select and adjust the steps according to the actual crop conditions, the fertilization requirements and the nutrient requirements, in order to improve the slow/controlled release effect, better reduce the fertilizer nutrient loss, ensure the uniform and controllable fertilizer effect and achieve the effects of sufficient and long-lasting fertilizer effect, the specific steps of the fertilization are preferably as follows: digging a pit in the soil of the root system of the crop, and burying the water and fertilizer slow release carrier.
The specific mode of the release is not particularly limited in principle, and can be selected and adjusted by a person skilled in the art according to the actual crop conditions, the fertilization requirements and the nutrient requirements.
The invention also provides a water and fertilizer sustained-release bag, which comprises the water-containing super absorbent resin;
an inner layer sustained-release bag wrapped outside the water-containing super absorbent resin;
a fertilizer arranged outside the inner layer slow-release bag;
an outer layer slow release bag coated outside the fertilizer.
The parameters, selection and corresponding optimization principles of the fertilizer in the water and fertilizer slow-release bag can correspond to the parameters, selection and corresponding optimization principles in the fertilizing method, and are not described in detail herein.
The water and fertilizer sustained-release bag comprises water-containing super absorbent resin.
The invention has no special restriction on the specific selection of the super absorbent resin in principle, and the technicians in the field can select and adjust the super absorbent resin according to the actual crop conditions, the fertilization requirements and the nutrient requirements, in order to improve the slow/controlled release effect, better reduce the nutrient loss of the fertilizer, ensure the uniform and controllable fertilizer effect and achieve the effects of sufficient and long fertilizer effect, the high water-absorbing resin preferably comprises one or more of starch grafted acrylate, grafted acrylamide, high-substitution-degree crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose, crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose grafted acrylamide and crosslinked hydroxyethyl cellulose grafted acrylamide polymer, and more preferably is starch grafted acrylate, grafted acrylamide, high-substitution-degree crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose, crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose grafted acrylamide or crosslinked hydroxyethyl cellulose grafted acrylamide polymer.
The specific parameters of the super absorbent resin are not particularly limited in principle, and can be selected and adjusted by a person skilled in the art according to the actual crop conditions, fertilization requirements and nutrient requirements, in order to improve the slow/controlled release effect, better reduce the nutrient loss of the fertilizer, ensure the uniform and controllable fertilizer effect and achieve the effects of sufficient and long fertilizer effect, the particle size of the super absorbent resin is preferably 0.1-2 mm, more preferably 0.3-1.8 mm, more preferably 0.5-1.5 mm, and more preferably 0.8-1.2 mm.
The water and fertilizer slow release bag comprises an inner layer slow release bag wrapped outside the water-containing super absorbent resin.
The specific selection of the inner layer slow release bag is not particularly limited in principle, and a person skilled in the art can select and adjust the inner layer slow release bag according to actual crop conditions, fertilization requirements and nutrient requirements.
The specific parameters of the inner layer sustained-release bag are not particularly limited in principle, and a person skilled in the art can select and adjust the inner layer sustained-release bag according to actual crop conditions, fertilization requirements and nutrient requirements, in order to improve the sustained/controlled-release effect, better reduce the nutrient loss of the fertilizer, ensure the uniform and controllable fertilizer effect and achieve the effects of sufficient fertilizer effect and long fertilizer effect, the thickness of the inner layer sustained-release bag is preferably 7-20 μm, more preferably 10-18 μm, and more preferably 12-15 μm. The median pore diameter of the inner layer slow release bag is preferably 0.05-10 μm, more preferably 0.1-8 μm, more preferably 0.5-5 μm, and more preferably 1-3 μm.
The inner layer slow release bag can also be a composite film formed by laminating film materials.
The water and fertilizer slow release bag comprises an outer layer slow release bag coated outside the fertilizer.
The specific selection of the outer layer slow release bag is not particularly limited in principle, and a person skilled in the art can select and adjust the bag according to the actual crop conditions, fertilization requirements and nutrient requirements.
The specific parameters of the outer-layer sustained-release bag are not particularly limited in principle, and a person skilled in the art can select and adjust the specific parameters according to actual crop conditions, fertilization requirements and nutrient requirements. The median pore diameter of the outer layer slow release bag is preferably 0.05-10 μm, more preferably 0.1-8 μm, more preferably 0.5-5 μm, more preferably 1-3 μm.
The outer layer slow release bag can also be a composite film formed by laminating film materials.
The water and fertilizer slow release bag comprises a fertilizer arranged outside an inner layer slow release bag. In the present invention, the inner layer slow release bag and the outer layer slow release bag preferably form a sandwich structure slow release bag, and the fertilizer is preferably placed in the sandwich structure. The inner layer slow release bag and the outer layer slow release bag can also be composite films formed by laminating film materials.
The shape of the water and fertilizer slow release bag is not particularly limited in principle, and a person skilled in the art can select and adjust the shape according to the actual crop conditions, the fertilization requirements and the nutrient requirements. More preferably, the water-containing super absorbent resin, the inner slow release pouch, the fertilizer and the outer slow release pouch have the same vertex, i.e., the vertex of the water drop, in the composition structure.
In the invention, in order to better facilitate popularization and use and better achieve the environment-friendly effect and environment-friendly concept of recycling, the water and fertilizer slow release bag preferably further comprises a positioning rope and/or a positioning label, and more preferably comprises the positioning rope and the positioning label. Specifically, the positioning rope and/or the positioning label are preferably arranged at the vertex of the water and fertilizer slow release bag.
The selection and specific composition of the fertilizer are not particularly limited in principle, and can be selected and adjusted by a person skilled in the art according to the actual crop conditions, the fertilization requirements and the nutrient requirements.
The fertilizer composition preferably comprises 25-65% of organic fertilizer, 28-73% of inorganic fertilizer and 1-10% of auxiliary additive. Wherein, the content of the organic fertilizer is preferably 30-60%, more preferably 35-55%, and more preferably 40-50%. The content of the inorganic fertilizer is preferably 33% to 68%, more preferably 38% to 63%, more preferably 43% to 58%, and more preferably 48% to 53%. The content of the auxiliary additive is preferably 2% to 9%, more preferably 3% to 8%, more preferably 4% to 7%, more preferably 5% to 6%.
The organic fertilizer preferably comprises one or more of mushroom residue composted and decomposed finished products, straw composted and decomposed finished products, livestock and poultry manure composted and decomposed finished products, sludge and mushroom residue mixed composted and decomposed finished products, biogas residue and mushroom residue mixed composted and decomposed finished products, peat, oil cake decomposed finished products, bagasse, xylitol residues, plant ash, cottonseed cakes, bactericide residues and coconut coir, more preferably mushroom residue composted and decomposed finished products, straw composted and decomposed finished products, livestock and poultry manure composted and decomposed finished products, sludge and mushroom residue mixed composted and decomposed finished products, biogas residue and mushroom residue mixed composted and decomposed finished products, peat, oil cake decomposed finished products, bagasse, xylitol residues, plant ash, cottonseed cakes, bactericide residues or coconut coir. The inorganic fertilizer comprises a compound fertilizer or an elemental fertilizer composition. The auxiliary additive preferably comprises any three or more than three of copper sulfate, urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate, lime nitrogen, magnesium ammonium phosphate, boric acid, diatomite, ATS, dicyandiamide, ammonium sulfate, potassium chloride, urea formaldehyde, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, molybdenum sulfate, ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, calcium chloride, fulvic acid and humic acid.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the water and fertilizer sustained-release bag, which comprises the following steps:
1) laminating and compounding resin film materials to obtain a specific interlayer slow-release bag base material;
2) filling the super absorbent resin absorbed with water into the inner layer of the base material of the slow release bag, and carrying out heat sealing and packaging;
3) uniformly mixing the fertilizer according to the component proportion, filling the fertilizer into the outer layer of the slow release bag, and carrying out heat sealing again to obtain a water-fertilizer slow release bag;
and a positioning label and/or a positioning rope can be fixed at the top of the slow release bag after the heat sealing and packaging are carried out again.
The parameters, the selection and the structural relationship of the materials in the preparation method of the water and fertilizer slow release bag and the corresponding optimization principle of the invention can correspond to the parameters, the selection structural relationship and the corresponding optimization principle of the water and fertilizer slow release bag, and are not described in detail herein.
The preparation method is not particularly limited in principle, and can be selected and adjusted by a person skilled in the art according to actual crop conditions, fertilization requirements and nutrient requirements, in order to improve the slow/controlled release effect, better reduce the fertilizer nutrient loss, ensure uniform and controllable fertilizer efficiency and achieve the effects of sufficient and long-lasting fertilizer efficiency, the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
resin film material is adopted as the base material of the slow release bag;
soaking high water-absorbent resin into water for adsorption, filling the water-absorbent resin adsorbed with water into an inner layer of a slow release bag, and performing heat sealing and packaging, wherein the size and the dimension of the slow release bag are adapted to the contained dosage;
fully and uniformly mixing the components of the fertilizer composition according to the proportion, filling the mixture into the outer layer of a slow release bag, and carrying out heat sealing and packaging, wherein the size and the dimension of the slow release bag are adapted to the contained dosage;
and fixing a positioning rope with a positioning label on the top of the slow release bag to obtain the water and fertilizer slow release bag.
The invention provides a fertilizing method, a water and fertilizer slow-release bag and a preparation method thereof. The invention provides a fertilizing method with simultaneous slow release of water and fertilizer and a corresponding water and fertilizer slow release bag, wherein the water and fertilizer slow release bag is provided with a double-layer resin slow release bag, the resin slow release bag with a sandwich structure can simultaneously realize slow release of the water and fertilizer, water in super absorbent resin permeates into a fertilizer composition layer, under the action of water, nutrient elements in the fertilizer can gradually separate out through micropores on the surface of the bag body and permeate into soil, necessary nutrient elements are provided for plant growth, and the effects of sufficient fertilizer efficiency and long fertilizer efficiency are achieved. The preparation method is simple, the cost is low, the resin film is used as the raw material of the slow release bag, the traditional heat sealing process is adopted for preparation, the process is simple, the efficiency is high, the feasibility is realized, the slow release bag can be recycled, and the environment is protected. More importantly, convenient to use, when using, only need dig out vertical hole cave in plant roots soil, bury the slowly-releasing bag, perhaps on the plant body go up use can, application scope is wide, can be according to the growth demand of different plants, adjusts bag body capacity, for vegetation provides sufficient nutrient, better reaches less fertilization number of times, reduces fertilization intensity of labour, improves the effect of fertilizer utilization efficiency, easily uses widely.
Experimental results show that the water-fertilizer slow-release bag can improve the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer and has the effect of reducing labor and improving quality, and the nutrient release rate is more than or equal to 90% in 80 days when the water-fertilizer slow-release bag is buried in the root system of scindapsus aureus.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, a fertilizing method, a water and fertilizer slow-release bag and a preparation method thereof provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but it should be understood that the examples are implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are given, which are only for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, but not for limiting the claims of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
Soaking sodium polyacrylate super absorbent resin in water, weighing 300g, and filling into slow release bag inner layer made of polyethylene film with thickness of 10 μm and median pore diameter of 0.1 μm. Respectively crushing the mushroom residue composted and decomposed finished product, xylitol residue and bactericide residue, then passing the mushroom residue through a 3mm drying net to remove impurities, respectively weighing 27 parts and 30 parts according to the weight percentage, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 30%, adding 37 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 6 parts of auxiliary additive (manganese sulfate: calcium chloride: fulvic acid: 1:1:1), uniformly mixing, and adjusting the water content of the mixture to 25%. And (3) filling 100g of the prepared fertilizer composition into the outer layer of the slow release bag, performing heat sealing treatment on the interface of the slow release bag, and fixing a positioning rope with a positioning label on the top of the slow release bag to obtain the water and fertilizer slow release bag.
The performance of the water and fertilizer sustained-release bag prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention is tested.
Burying the water and fertilizer slow release bag in the root system of scindapsus aureus as a research object, not watering and fertilizing any more, taking out the slow release bag 10/20/40/60/80 days after burying, and measuring the weight loss rate.
The result shows that the nutrient in the water and fertilizer sustained-release bag provided by the invention is released uniformly.
Referring to table 1, table 1 is a data table of the nutrient release of the water and fertilizer sustained-release bag prepared in example 1 of the present invention as a function of time.
TABLE 1
| Number of days | 10 | 20 | 40 | 60 | 80 |
| Weight loss ratio (%) | 15.1 | 26.3 | 49.6 | 73.1 | 90.5 |
The water and fertilizer sustained-release bag prepared in the example 1 of the invention after 80 days of use was tested.
And the residual fertilizer was dried in an oven at day 80 until the weight was constant, and then the fertilizer was weighed to determine the nutrient release rate (%).
Wherein, the nutrient release rate (%) — residual fertilizer dry weight/initial fertilizer dry weight × 100%.
Referring to table 2, table 2 shows the nutrient release rate of the water and fertilizer sustained-release bag prepared according to the present invention after 80 days.
TABLE 2
| Examples | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 |
| Nutrient release rate (%) | 90.7 | 94.2 | 91.4 |
According to the detection result, the water and fertilizer slow release bag provided by the invention can realize the water and fertilizer slow release at the same time, can improve the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer, has the effect of reducing labor/improving quality, better achieves fewer fertilizing times and reduces the labor intensity of fertilization.
Example 2
Soaking sodium polyacrylate super absorbent resin in water, weighing 300g, and filling into slow release bag inner layer made of polyethylene film with thickness of 10 μm and median pore diameter of 0.1 μm. Respectively crushing the straw composted and decomposed finished product and the livestock and poultry manure composted and decomposed finished product, then passing the crushed straw composted and decomposed finished product through a 3mm drying net to remove impurities in the straw composted and decomposed finished product, respectively weighing 18 parts and 25 parts according to the weight percentage, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 30%, adding 53 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 4 parts of auxiliary additive (magnesium ammonium phosphate: boric acid: diatomite: 1:1), uniformly mixing, and adjusting the water content of the mixture to 25%. And (3) filling 100g of the prepared fertilizer composition into the outer layer of the slow release bag, performing heat sealing treatment on the interface of the slow release bag, and fixing a positioning rope with a positioning label on the top of the slow release bag to obtain the water and fertilizer slow release bag.
The performance of the water and fertilizer sustained-release bag prepared in the embodiment 2 of the invention is detected.
Burying the water and fertilizer slow release bag in the root system of scindapsus aureus as a research object, not watering and fertilizing any more, taking out the slow release bag 10/20/40/60/80 days after burying, and measuring the weight loss rate.
The result is basically consistent with example 1, which shows that the nutrient release of the water and fertilizer sustained-release bag provided by the invention is uniform.
The water and fertilizer sustained-release bag prepared in example 2 of the invention after 80 days of use was tested.
And the residual fertilizer was dried in an oven at day 80 until the weight was constant, and then the fertilizer was weighed to determine the nutrient release rate (%).
Wherein, the nutrient release rate (%) — residual fertilizer dry weight/initial fertilizer dry weight × 100%.
Referring to table 2, table 2 shows the nutrient release rate of the water and fertilizer sustained-release bag prepared according to the present invention after 80 days.
According to the detection result, the water and fertilizer slow release bag provided by the invention can realize the water and fertilizer slow release at the same time, can improve the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer, has the effect of reducing labor/improving quality, better achieves fewer fertilizing times and reduces the labor intensity of fertilization.
Example 3
The crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose grafted acrylamide super absorbent resin is immersed in water, 300g is weighed and filled into a slow release bag inner layer made of a polyethylene film with the thickness of 10 mu m and the median pore diameter of 0.1 mu m after the weight is constant. Respectively crushing the decomposed finished product of the oil cake, bagasse and xylitol residues, then passing the oil cake through a 3mm drying net to remove impurities in the oil cake, respectively weighing 25 parts, 15 parts and 10 parts according to the weight percentage, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 30%, adding 43 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 7 parts of auxiliary additive (dicyandiamide: ammonium sulfate: potassium sulfate: 1:1), uniformly mixing, and adjusting the water content of the mixture to 25%. And (3) filling 100g of the prepared fertilizer composition into the outer layer of the slow release bag, performing heat sealing treatment on the interface of the slow release bag, and fixing a positioning rope with a positioning label on the top of the slow release bag to obtain the water and fertilizer slow release bag.
The performance of the water and fertilizer sustained-release bag prepared in the embodiment 3 of the invention is detected.
Burying the water and fertilizer slow release bag in the root system of scindapsus aureus as a research object, not watering and fertilizing any more, taking out the slow release bag 10/20/40/60/80 days after burying, and measuring the weight loss rate.
The result is basically consistent with example 1, which shows that the nutrient release of the water and fertilizer sustained-release bag provided by the invention is uniform.
The water and fertilizer sustained-release bag prepared in the embodiment 3 of the invention after 80 days of use was tested.
And the residual fertilizer was dried in an oven at day 80 until the weight was constant, and then the fertilizer was weighed to determine the nutrient release rate (%).
Wherein, the nutrient release rate (%) — residual fertilizer dry weight/initial fertilizer dry weight × 100%.
Referring to table 2, table 2 shows the nutrient release rate of the water and fertilizer sustained-release bag prepared according to the present invention after 80 days.
According to the detection result, the water and fertilizer slow release bag provided by the invention can realize the water and fertilizer slow release at the same time, can improve the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer, has the effect of reducing labor/improving quality, better achieves fewer fertilizing times and reduces the labor intensity of fertilization.
The fertilization method with sustained/controlled release function, the water and fertilizer sustained-release bag with sustained/controlled release function and the preparation method thereof provided by the present invention are described in detail above, and the principle and the embodiment of the present invention are explained herein by using specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only for helping to understand the method of the present invention and the core idea thereof, including the best mode, and also for enabling any person skilled in the art to practice the present invention, including making and using any device or system, and implementing any combined method. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and may include other embodiments that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal languages of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A fertilizing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) after the water and fertilizer slow release carrier carrying water and fertilizer is adopted to fertilize crops, the water and fertilizer slow release carrier carrying water and fertilizer can slowly release the water and fertilizer, and the crops are fertilized.
2. The method of fertilizing as in claim 1 wherein the fertilizer is a water soluble fertilizer;
the release is water driven release;
the fertilizer comprises a fertilizer composition;
the water and fertilizer slow release carrier comprises a water and fertilizer slow release bag;
the mass ratio of water to the fertilizer in the water-fertilizer slow-release carrier is (10-50): 1.
3. the method for fertilizing according to claim 1, characterised in that the mode of fertilization comprises soil fertilization and/or extra-root topdressing;
the type of the fertilizer application comprises one or more of base fertilizer, additional fertilizer and seed fertilizer;
the crops comprise one or more of fruits, flowers, vegetable crops, grasses, trees and medicinal crops;
the specific steps of fertilization are as follows:
digging a pit in the soil of the root system of the crop, and burying the water and fertilizer slow release carrier.
4. A water and fertilizer sustained-release bag is characterized by comprising a water-containing super absorbent resin;
an inner layer sustained-release bag wrapped outside the water-containing super absorbent resin;
a fertilizer arranged outside the inner layer slow-release bag;
an outer layer slow release bag coated outside the fertilizer.
5. The slow-release bag for the water and fertilizer according to claim 4, wherein the slow-release bag has a drop shape;
the inner layer slow release bag is a resin film slow release bag;
the outer layer slow release bag is a resin film slow release bag;
the inner layer slow release bag and the outer layer slow release bag form a sandwich structure slow release bag, and the fertilizer is placed in the sandwich structure.
6. The slow release bag for liquid manure according to claim 4, wherein the super absorbent resin containing moisture, the inner layer slow release bag, the fertilizer and the outer layer slow release bag have the same vertex in the composition structure;
a positioning rope and/or a positioning label are/is further arranged on the vertex;
the inner layer slow release bag and the outer layer slow release bag can be composite films formed by laminating film materials.
7. The water and fertilizer sustained-release bag according to claim 4, wherein the super absorbent resin comprises one or more of starch grafted acrylate, grafted acrylamide, high-substitution crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose, crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose grafted acrylamide, and crosslinked hydroxyethyl cellulose grafted acrylamide polymer;
the material of the inner layer slow release bag comprises one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide;
the material of the outer layer slow release bag comprises one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide.
8. The water and fertilizer sustained-release bag according to claim 4, wherein the particle size of the super absorbent resin is 0.1mm to 2 mm;
the thickness of the inner layer slow release bag is 7-20 mu m;
the median pore diameter of the inner layer slow release bag is 0.05-10 mu m;
the thickness of the outer-layer slow release bag is 7-20 mu m;
the median pore diameter of the outer layer slow release bag is 0.05-10 mu m.
9. The water and fertilizer sustained-release bag according to claim 4, wherein the fertilizer comprises 25-65% of organic fertilizer, 28-73% of inorganic fertilizer and 1-10% of auxiliary additive;
the organic fertilizer comprises one or more of a mushroom residue composted and decomposed finished product, a straw composted and decomposed finished product, a livestock and poultry manure composted and decomposed finished product, a sludge and mushroom residue mixed composted and decomposed finished product, a biogas residue and mushroom residue mixed composted and decomposed finished product, peat, an oil cake decomposed finished product, bagasse, xylitol residue, plant ash, a cottonseed cake, bactericide residue and coconut residue;
the inorganic fertilizer comprises a compound fertilizer or a simple substance fertilizer composition;
the auxiliary additive comprises any three mixtures or more than three mixtures of copper sulfate, urea, ammonium chloride, monoammonium phosphate, lime nitrogen, magnesium ammonium phosphate, boric acid, diatomite, ATS, dicyandiamide, ammonium sulfate, potassium chloride, urea formaldehyde, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, molybdenum sulfate, ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, calcium chloride, fulvic acid and humic acid.
10. A preparation method of a water and fertilizer sustained-release bag is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) laminating and compounding resin film materials to obtain a specific interlayer slow-release bag base material;
2) filling the super absorbent resin absorbed with water into the inner layer of the base material of the slow release bag, and carrying out heat sealing and packaging;
3) uniformly mixing the fertilizer according to the component proportion, filling the fertilizer into the outer layer of the slow release bag, and carrying out heat sealing again to obtain a water-fertilizer slow release bag;
and a positioning label and/or a positioning rope can be fixed at the top of the slow release bag after the heat sealing and packaging are carried out again.
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| CN114731817A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-07-12 | 成都天本地源科技有限公司 | Self-flowing type shock wave spray explosion deep scarification and deep placement operation method suitable for liquid fertilizer |
| CN115304813A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-08 | 吉林省万能工二十四小时在线科技有限公司 | Greening tree irrigation heat-preservation bag and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN115304813A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-08 | 吉林省万能工二十四小时在线科技有限公司 | Greening tree irrigation heat-preservation bag and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115304813B (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2023-09-12 | 吉林省万能工二十四小时在线科技有限公司 | Greening tree watering heat preservation bag and preparation method and application thereof |
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