CN110372903A - A kind of unleaded lightweight X, γ, neutron one protective materials and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of unleaded lightweight X, γ, neutron one protective materials and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110372903A CN110372903A CN201910637063.0A CN201910637063A CN110372903A CN 110372903 A CN110372903 A CN 110372903A CN 201910637063 A CN201910637063 A CN 201910637063A CN 110372903 A CN110372903 A CN 110372903A
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- bismuth
- rays
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/042—Coating with two or more layers, where at least one layer of a composition contains a polymer binder
- C08J7/0423—Coating with two or more layers, where at least one layer of a composition contains a polymer binder with at least one layer of inorganic material and at least one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
- G21F1/10—Organic substances; Dispersions in organic carriers
- G21F1/103—Dispersions in organic carriers
- G21F1/106—Dispersions in organic carriers metallic dispersions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2379/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08J2361/00 - C08J2377/00
- C08J2379/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08J2379/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2475/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2475/04—Polyurethanes
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION materials and preparation method thereof, by up of three-layer, respectively Kapton, bismuth thin skin layer, function polyurethane rubber resinous coat from bottom to top.Nano metal bismuth meal body is uniformly smeared on polyester-imide film, bismuth metal powder body melting is at bismuth thin skin layer after high temperature hot pressing, functional powders: nano metal bismuth meal, metal tungsten powder and modified be added in polyurethane rubber resin of boron powder are sprayed at after mixing in bismuth thin skin layer surface, fabric is prolonged into pressing formation by flattener roller after drying, unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material is made.Prepared X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material is because sheet bismuth thin skin layer substantially increases protection efficiency, as protective clothes material, not only high temperature resistant, unleaded lightweight, and preparation process is simple, high production efficiency has a good application prospect in terms of radiation protection.
Description
Technical field
This application involves radiation protection fields, and in particular to a kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material and its system
Preparation Method.
Background technique
In recent years, with the rapid development of national defence scientific research, Radiation Medicine and atomic energy industry, the use of various rays is increasingly
Extensively.X, gamma-rays and neutron are its important one kind.X, gamma-rays and neutron can enter human body inside and with it is internal
Cell ionizes, and the ion for ionizing generation can destroy in human body the inhereditary materials such as protein, nucleic acid in living cells, so as to cause
The intracorporal normal metabolic processes of people, the serious death that can lead to internal living cells.Due to Long Term Contact X, gamma-rays and in
Son can all generate injury to sexual gland, mammary gland, Hematopoietic marrow etc., be more than that dosage even can be carcinogenic, bring and seriously threaten to human body.
Therefore according to the property of X, gamma-rays and neutron and its with the mechanism of action of substance, should select and prepare corresponding material and be prevented
Shield.
X, gamma-rays and the NEUTRON PROTECTION material occurred earliest is the metal materials such as stereotype, iron plate, later again by heavy metal
Introducing prepares protective glass and rubber leadwork, and be processed into various protective garments, the helmet, protective gloves etc..Prepared tradition
Not only protection efficiency is poor for protective garment, can only shield some low energy X rays, and poor air permeability, heavy, wears uncomfortable, while lead
All there is serious harm to human body and environment.
The unleaded lightweight protecting clothes of currently available technology preparation, typically inhale spherical or irregular shape ray
Powder is received as main radiation absorption substance, powder will be absorbed and be uniformly mixed by physical blending process with organic substrate, passed through
The techniques such as coating or calendering are prepared into radiation proof material.As disclosed a kind of epoxy in Chinese invention patent CN1075702308A
Resin base radiation protection material is by RE oxide powder, the coupling agent modified rear and epoxy blend of lead oxide powder
After be molded；It, will as disclosed a kind of radiation protection material and preparation method thereof in Chinese invention patent CN107316667A
Metallic shield powder: compacting forms the protective materials after tungsten, antimony, tantalum, bismuth etc. are kneaded with macromolecule toughness substrate.Such as middle promulgated by the State Council
A kind of preparation method of γ radiation protection clothes, micro-nano rank γ prepared by ball milling are disclosed in bright patent CN104900282A
Radiation protection functional powders are added in rubber matrix, carry out calendering rubberizing with fabric, and sulfidization molding obtains γ radiation protection and knits
Object.Although the ray protection material of prior art preparation gets rid of the disadvantage of traditional protective material heaviness, safeguard function is mentioned
It rises.But used function radiation absorption powder is due to spherical or irregular shape in these materials, between particle
There are gaps, and during carrying out radiation protection, photon can directly be leaked by gap.It under normal circumstances can be by anti-
The mode of the superposition of protective material come increase ray and absorb powder effect probability.Prepared radiation protection will so be made
The weight of clothes increases and the waste of resource.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention propose a kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material and
Preparation method can increase substantially alpha ray shield effect under same thickness and quality.
The present invention provides a kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material, is made of three-decker, from top to bottom
Respectively Kapton (1), bismuth thin skin layer (2) and function polyurethane rubber resinous coat (3)；The thickness of the protective materials
Degree is 0.3~2mm.
As further improvement of the invention, the Kapton (1) is with a thickness of 150~250 μm.
As further improvement of the invention, the bismuth thin skin layer (2) is with a thickness of 50~800 μm.
As further improvement of the invention, the raw material composition of the function polyurethane rubber resinous coat (3) are as follows: function
Powder, silane coupling agent, dimethyl acetamide and polyurethane rubber resin.
As further improvement of the invention, the functional powders include nano metal bismuth meal, metal tungsten powder and boron powder.
It being improved as of the invention further, the mass ratio of the functional powders and silane coupling agent is 2:1~5:1, two
Methylacetamide and polyurethane rubber resin quality ratio are 1:1~1:2, and the mass ratio of functional powders and polyurethane rubber resin is
0.5:1~3:1；Coating layer thickness is 0.1mm~1mm.
The present invention further protects a kind of method for preparing above-mentioned unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material, packet
Include following steps:
S1. prepare bismuth metal solution: nano metal bismuth meal body evenly spread in dehydrated alcohol, mass ratio be 1:1~
10min is stirred by ultrasonic in 1:5, and the bismuth metal solution viscosity of formation is 1000~10000mPa.s, and solution is uniformly applied to resistance to height
On the Kapton (1) of temperature；The nano metal bismuth meal body diameter 100nm~1000nm, radius-thickness ratio are 1~500；
S2. hot pressing forms bismuth thin skin layer: step S1 uniformly being smeared to the Kapton of bismuth metal, as hot press
On, first 250~270 DEG C temperature, preheat 20min under 0 pressure so that bismuth metal powder thermally equivalent；It raises the temperature to
285~300 DEG C, under the mechanical pressure of 25MPa, constant temperature and pressure suppresses 10~20min, and bismuth metal powder high-temperature fusion is formed
Bismuth thin skin layer (2), with a thickness of 50~800 μm；
S3. it prepares function polyurethane rubber cold coating: functional powders and silane coupling agent uniformly being mixed, in ultrasonic wave
In generator after 10~20min of processing, dimethylacetamide solution is added dropwise, mechanical stirring 1~2 hour, is added after being uniformly dispersed
Polyurethane rubber resin continues to stir evenly, and heat up most 50~60 DEG C removing part dimethyl acetamides, adjusts viscosity number,
After continuing 20~30min of stirring, obtain function polyurethane rubber resinous coat (3) coating, viscosity be 1000~
5000mPa.s；
S4. spraying function polyurethane rubber resinous coat: spray equipment barrel is added in coating described in step S3, is passed through
Spraying process sprays on bismuth thin skin layer (2) described in step S2, and function polyurethane rubber resinous coat (3) is made after dry；
The technological parameter of the spraying is that upper liquid measure is 500ml/min~800ml/min, and air pressure is 0.3MPa~0.7MPa, spray
The diameter of coating head nozzle be 10cm, nozzle away from cloth cover distance be 15cm, the round-trip number of spray gun be 30 times/min~120 time/
min；The function polyurethane rubber resinous coat is with a thickness of 0.1m~1mm；
S5. prolong molded material: the obtained trilaminate material of the upper step S4 being prolonged into pressure by rolling mill roller, so that bismuth
Lamella (2) and function polyurethane rubber resinous coat (3) are smooth, equably post in Kapton (1) surface, obtain
Prolong molded unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material.
It is further improved as of the invention, the calendering technology parameter in the step S5 are as follows: upper roll temperature 80 DEG C~120
DEG C, central roll temperature 70 C~100 DEG C, 60 DEG C~115 DEG C of lower roll temperatures, roll spacing 1mm, rolling velocity is 35~50m/min.
The purposes of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material that the present invention further protects one kind above-mentioned, it is described anti-
Protective material is used for X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION dress materials.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) bismuth metal has the ability of good shielding X, gamma-rays and neutron, replaces traditional heavy metal and existing mixing a variety of
The composite material of metal, meet unleaded, lightweight, environmental protection protective clothes material modern requirements.
(2) probability that a flaky powder particle Yu photon for same volume interacts is spherical powder granule
100 times or more.And the fusing point of bismuth metal is 271.3 DEG C, is suppressed after uniformly spraying in high temperature resistant base fabric through high temperature, powder can melt
In the form of sheets, arrangement is close for pressure, mutually overlaps mutually into almost seamless bismuth metal thin skin, and extremely reduction photon penetrates several from gap
Rate substantially increases the screening ability to ray.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the preparation method of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of nano metal bismuth meal body used in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the bismuth thin skin layer of 1 step S02 of embodiment of the present invention preparation；
Wherein, 1. Kapton；2. bismuth thin skin layer；3. function polyurethane rubber resinous coat.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, the embodiment described is the embodiment of part of representative of the invention, rather than whole embodiments, this field are general
Other all embodiments obtained belong to protection of the invention to logical technical staff without making creative work
Range.
Embodiment 1
Referring to attached drawing 2, a kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material are made of three-decker, are divided from top to bottom
It Wei not Kapton 1, bismuth thin skin layer 2, function polyurethane rubber resinous coat 3；With a thickness of 0.3mm.Kapton 1
It is the substrate of X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material with a thickness of 150 μm；Bismuth thin skin layer 2 with a thickness of 50 μm, press after being melted by powder
In the form of sheets, seamless bismuth metal thin skin is formed, extremely reduces the probability that photon is penetrated from gap, substantially increases to ray
Screening ability；3 raw material of polyurethane rubber resinous coat composition are as follows: functional powders, silane coupling agent, dimethyl acetamide and poly- ammonia
Ester rubber resin, wherein functional powders include nano metal bismuth meal, metal tungsten powder and boron powder, functional powders and silane coupling agent
Mass ratio be 3:1, dimethyl acetamide and polyurethane rubber resin quality ratio are 1:1, functional powders and polyurethane rubber tree
The mass ratio of rouge is 2:1；Coating layer thickness is 0.1mm.
Referring to attached drawing 1, a kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material are prepared by the following steps:
Step S01 prepares bismuth metal solution.
Specifically, nano metal bismuth meal body is evenly spread in dehydrated alcohol, mass ratio 1:2, it is stirred by ultrasonic
The bismuth metal solution viscosity of 10min, formation are 1000mPa.s, and solution is uniformly applied to Kapton 1 resistant to high temperature
On；The nano metal bismuth meal body diameter 100nm；
Step S02, hot pressing form bismuth thin skin layer 2.
Specifically, step S01 uniformly to be smeared to the Kapton 1 of bismuth metal, as on hot press, elder generation is at 270 DEG C
Temperature, preheat 20min under 0 pressure so that bismuth metal powder thermally equivalent；300 DEG C are raised the temperature to, in the machine of 25MPa
Under tool pressure, constant temperature and pressure suppresses 10min, and bismuth metal powder high-temperature fusion forms bismuth thin skin layer 2, with a thickness of 50 μm；
Step S03 prepares function polyurethane rubber cold coating.
Specifically, functional powders and silane coupling agent are uniformly mixed, after handling 20min in supersonic generator, drop
Add dimethylacetamide solution, mechanical stirring 1 hour, polyurethane rubber resin is added after being uniformly dispersed, continues to stir evenly, rise
Warm most 50 DEG C removing part dimethyl acetamides, adjust viscosity number, continue after stirring 30min, obtain function polyurethane rubber
The coating of resinous coat 3, viscosity 1000mPa.s；
The mass ratio of functional powders and silane coupling agent is 3:1, dimethyl acetamide and polyurethane rubber resin quality ratio
For 1:1, the mass ratio of functional powders and polyurethane rubber resin is 2:1；
Step S04, spraying function polyurethane rubber resinous coat 3.
Specifically, spray equipment barrel is added in coating described in step S03, step S02 is sprayed to by spraying process
On the bismuth thin skin layer 2, function polyurethane rubber resinous coat 3 is made after dry；The technological parameter of the spraying is upper liquid
Amount is 6500ml/min, and air pressure 0.5MPa, the diameter of spray head nozzle is 10cm, and nozzle is 15cm away from cloth cover distance,
The round-trip number of spray gun is 80 times/min；The function polyurethane rubber resinous coat 3 is with a thickness of 0.1mm；
Step S05 prolongs molded.
Specifically, the obtained trilaminate material of the upper step S04 is prolonged pressure by rolling mill roller, so that bismuth lamella 2
With function polyurethane rubber resin layer 3 it is smooth, equably post in 1 surface of Kapton, obtain prolonging molded unleaded
Lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material, with a thickness of 0.3mm.Wherein calendering technology parameter are as follows: upper 100 DEG C of roll temperature, central roll
80 DEG C of temperature, 70 DEG C of lower roll temperatures, roll spacing 1mm, rolling velocity 35m/min.
Embodiment 2
Referring to attached drawing 2, a kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material are made of three-decker, are divided from top to bottom
It Wei polyimides be thin 1, bismuth thin skin layer 2, function polyurethane rubber resinous coat 3；With a thickness of 0.5mm.Kapton 1 is thick
Degree is 150 μm, is the substrate of X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material；Bismuth thin skin layer 2 with a thickness of 150 μm, press after being melted by powder
In the form of sheets, seamless bismuth metal thin skin is formed, extremely reduces the probability that photon is penetrated from gap, substantially increases to ray
Screening ability；Polyurethane rubber resinous coat raw material composition are as follows: functional powders, silane coupling agent, dimethyl acetamide and poly- ammonia
Ester rubber resin, wherein functional powders include nano metal bismuth meal, metal tungsten powder and boron powder, functional powders and silane coupling agent
Mass ratio be 3:1, dimethyl acetamide and polyurethane rubber resin quality ratio are 2:1, functional powders: nano metal bismuth meal,
The mass ratio of metal tungsten powder and boron powder and polyurethane rubber resin is 3:1；Coating layer thickness is 0.2mm.
Referring to attached drawing 1, a kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material are prepared by the following steps:
Step S01 prepares bismuth metal solution.
Specifically, nano metal bismuth meal body is evenly spread in dehydrated alcohol, mass ratio 1:1, it is stirred by ultrasonic
The bismuth metal solution viscosity of 10min, formation are 5000mPa.s, and solution is uniformly applied to Kapton 1 resistant to high temperature
On；The nano metal bismuth meal body diameter 100nm；
Step S02, hot pressing form bismuth thin skin layer 2.
Specifically, step S01 uniformly to be smeared to the Kapton 1 of bismuth metal, as on hot press, elder generation is at 280 DEG C
Temperature, preheat 20min under 0 pressure so that bismuth metal powder thermally equivalent；290 DEG C are raised the temperature to, in the machine of 25MPa
Under tool pressure, constant temperature and pressure suppresses 10min, and bismuth metal powder high-temperature fusion forms bismuth thin skin layer, with a thickness of 150 μm；
Step S03 prepares function polyurethane rubber cold coating.
Specifically, functional powders and silane coupling agent are uniformly mixed, after handling 20min in supersonic generator, drop
Add dimethylacetamide solution, mechanical stirring 1 hour, polyurethane rubber resin is added after being uniformly dispersed, continues to stir evenly, rise
Warm most 50 DEG C removing part dimethyl acetamides, adjust viscosity number, continue after stirring 30min, obtain function polyurethane rubber
The coating of resinous coat 3, viscosity 1500mPa.s；The mass ratio of the functional powders and silane coupling agent is 3:1, dimethyl
Acetamide and polyurethane rubber resin quality ratio are 2:1, and the mass ratio of functional powders and polyurethane rubber resin is 3:1；
Step S04, spraying function polyurethane rubber resinous coat 3.
Specifically, spray equipment barrel is added in coating described in step S03, step S02 is sprayed to by spraying process
On the bismuth thin skin layer 2, function polyurethane rubber resinous coat 3 is made after dry；The technological parameter of the spraying is upper liquid
Amount is 6500ml/min, and air pressure 0.5MPa, the diameter of spray head nozzle is 10cm, and nozzle is 15cm away from cloth cover distance,
The round-trip number of spray gun is 80 times/min；The function polyurethane rubber resinous coat 3 is with a thickness of 0.2mm；
Step S05 prolongs molded.
Specifically, the obtained trilaminate material of the upper step S04 is prolonged pressure by rolling mill roller, so that bismuth lamella 2
With function polyurethane rubber resin layer 3 it is smooth, equably post in 1 surface of Kapton, obtain prolonging molded unleaded
Lightweight X, gamma-rays protective materials, with a thickness of 0.5mm.Wherein calendering technology parameter are as follows: upper 100 DEG C of roll temperature, middle roll temperature 80
DEG C, 70 DEG C of lower roll temperatures, roll spacing 1mm, rolling velocity 35m/min.
Unleaded lightweight X, the gamma-rays protective materials with a thickness of 0.3mm prepared in the embodiment of the present invention 1, protects it effect
Fruit is tested, as a result as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
As can be seen from the table, thickness be only the unleaded lightweight X of 0.3mm, gamma-rays protective materials radiation-proof effect
Through reaching requirement of shelter, 80% is reached to the protection efficiency of 0.5eV low energy neutron.
Fig. 3 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of nano metal bismuth meal body used in the embodiment of the present invention.It can be seen that metal bismuth meal
Not of uniform size, for shape at less regular ball-type, distribution of reuniting easily forms gap between particle.
Fig. 4 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the bismuth thin skin layer 2 of 1 step S02 of embodiment of the present invention preparation, it can be seen that bismuth thin skin layer
As a result close, it is seamless.Metal bismuth meal high-temperature fusion is pressed into thin slice, touches and penetrate using the characteristic of metal bismuth meal low melting point
When line, seamless bismuth thin skin layer extremely reduces the probability that photon is penetrated from gap, is more efficiently absorbed, radiation-screening, has
Conducive to economizing on resources, high degree improves the drawbacks of powder granule is during radiation protection.And the polyurethane rubber of outer layer
Resinous coat improves the brittleness of protective materials, further increases shielding property.The radiation proof material of preparation can according to demand with
Different fabrics is compound, prepares radiation protection clothes.
Compared with prior art, bismuth metal has the ability of good shielding X, gamma-rays and neutron, replace traditional heavy metal and
It is existing mixing various metals composite material, meet unleaded, lightweight, environmental protection protective clothes material modern requirements.Same volume
The probability that a long-pending flaky powder particle and photon interacts is 100 times of spherical powder granule or more.And metal
The fusing point of bismuth is 271.3 DEG C, is suppressed after uniformly spraying in high temperature resistant base fabric through high temperature, and powder can melt pressure in the form of sheets, and arrangement is tight
It is close, mutually overlap mutually into almost seamless bismuth metal thin skin, extremely reduce the probability that photon is penetrated from gap, substantially increases pair
The screening ability of ray.
Those skilled in the art is not under conditions of departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention that claims determine, also
Various modifications can be carried out to the above content.Therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited in above explanation, but by
The range of claims determines.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material, which is characterized in that be made of three-decker, divide from top to bottom
It Wei not Kapton (1), bismuth thin skin layer (2) and function polyurethane rubber resinous coat (3)；The thickness of the protective materials
For 0.3~2mm.
2. unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the polyamides is sub-
Amine film (1) is with a thickness of 150~250 μm.
3. unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bismuth thin skin
Layer (2) is with a thickness of 50~800 μm.
4. unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the function is poly-
The raw material of urethane rubber resin coating (3) forms are as follows: functional powders, silane coupling agent, dimethyl acetamide and polyurethane rubber
Resin.
5. unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the function powder
End includes nano metal bismuth meal, metal tungsten powder and boron powder.
6. unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material according to claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that the function
The mass ratio of energy powder and silane coupling agent is 2:1~5:1, and dimethyl acetamide and polyurethane rubber resin quality ratio are 1:1
The mass ratio of~1:2, functional powders and polyurethane rubber resin is 0.5:1~3:1；Coating layer thickness is 0.1mm~1mm.
7. a kind of method for preparing unleaded lightweight X described in any one of claims 1-6, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material,
It is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:
S1. it preparing bismuth metal solution: nano metal bismuth meal body is evenly spread in dehydrated alcohol, mass ratio is 1:1~1:5,
10min is stirred by ultrasonic, the bismuth metal solution viscosity of formation is 1000~10000mPa.s, solution is uniformly applied to resistant to high temperature
On Kapton (1)；The nano metal bismuth meal body diameter 100nm~1000nm, radius-thickness ratio are 1~500；
S2. hot pressing forms bismuth thin skin layer: step S1 uniformly being smeared to the Kapton of bismuth metal, as on hot press, first
20min is preheated under 250~270 DEG C of temperature, 0 pressure, so that bismuth metal powder thermally equivalent；Raise the temperature to 285~
300 DEG C, under the mechanical pressure of 25MPa, constant temperature and pressure suppresses 10~20min, and bismuth metal powder high-temperature fusion forms bismuth thin skin
Layer (2), with a thickness of 50~800 μm；
S3. it prepares function polyurethane rubber cold coating: functional powders and silane coupling agent is uniformly mixed, occur in ultrasonic wave
In device after 10~20min of processing, dimethylacetamide solution is added dropwise, mechanical stirring 1~2 hour, poly- ammonia is added after being uniformly dispersed
Ester rubber resin continues to stir evenly, and heat up most 50~60 DEG C removing part dimethyl acetamides, adjusts viscosity number, continues
After stirring 20~30min, the coating of function polyurethane rubber resinous coat (3) is obtained, viscosity is 1000~5000mPa.s；
S4. spraying function polyurethane rubber resinous coat: spray equipment barrel is added in coating described in step S3, passes through spraying
Technique sprays on bismuth thin skin layer (2) described in step S2, and function polyurethane rubber resinous coat (3) is made after dry；It is described
The technological parameter of spraying is that upper liquid measure is 500ml/min~800ml/min, and air pressure is 0.3MPa~0.7MPa, spray head
The diameter of nozzle is 10cm, and nozzle is 15cm away from cloth cover distance, and the round-trip number of spray gun is 30 times/min~120 time/min；Institute
Function polyurethane rubber resinous coat is stated with a thickness of 0.1m~1mm；
S5. prolong molded material: the obtained trilaminate material of the upper step S4 being prolonged into pressure by rolling mill roller, so that bismuth thin slice
Layer (2) and function polyurethane rubber resinous coat (3) are smooth, equably post in Kapton (1) surface, obtain prolonging pressure
Molding unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material, with a thickness of.
8. the preparation method of unleaded lightweight X according to claim 7, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material, feature exist
In calendering technology parameter in the step S5 are as follows: upper 80 DEG C~120 DEG C of roll temperature, central roll temperature 70 C~100 DEG C, lower roll
Temperature 60 C~115 DEG C, roll spacing 1mm, rolling velocity are 35~50m/min.
9. the purposes of a kind of unleaded lightweight X as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION material, special
Sign is that the protective materials is used for X, gamma-rays and NEUTRON PROTECTION dress materials.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910637063.0A CN110372903B (en) | 2019-07-15 | 2019-07-15 | Lead-free light X, gamma and neutron integrated protection material and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910637063.0A CN110372903B (en) | 2019-07-15 | 2019-07-15 | Lead-free light X, gamma and neutron integrated protection material and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110372903A true CN110372903A (en) | 2019-10-25 |
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| CN112831078A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-05-25 | 南通大学 | Preparation method of core-shell structure tungsten/gadolinium oxide PVC (polyvinyl chloride) calendered material for X and gamma ray protection |
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