CN110317359A - A kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays protective materials and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays protective materials and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110317359A CN110317359A CN201910637020.2A CN201910637020A CN110317359A CN 110317359 A CN110317359 A CN 110317359A CN 201910637020 A CN201910637020 A CN 201910637020A CN 110317359 A CN110317359 A CN 110317359A
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- bismuth
- gamma
- unleaded
- lightweight
- protective materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/042—Coating with two or more layers, where at least one layer of a composition contains a polymer binder
- C08J7/0423—Coating with two or more layers, where at least one layer of a composition contains a polymer binder with at least one layer of inorganic material and at least one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
- G21F1/08—Metals; Alloys; Cermets, i.e. sintered mixtures of ceramics and metals
- G21F1/085—Heavy metals or alloys
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/12—Laminated shielding materials
- G21F1/125—Laminated shielding materials comprising metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2379/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08J2361/00 - C08J2377/00
- C08J2379/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08J2379/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2475/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2475/04—Polyurethanes
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays protective materials and preparation method thereof, by up of three-layer, respectively Kapton, bismuth thin skin layer, function PU coating from bottom to top.Nano metal bismuth meal body is uniformly smeared on polyester-imide film, bismuth metal powder body melting is at bismuth thin skin layer after high temperature hot pressing, by nano metal bismuth meal it is modifies after be added in PU glue and be sprayed in bismuth thin skin layer surface after mixing, fabric is prolonged into pressing formation by flattener roller after drying, unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays protective materials is made.Prepared X, gamma-rays protective materials substantially increase protection efficiency because of sheet bismuth thin skin layer, and as protective clothes material, not only high temperature resistant, unleaded lightweight, and preparation process is simple, and high production efficiency has a good application prospect in terms of radiation protection.
Description
Technical field
This application involves radiation protection fields, and in particular to a kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays protective materials and its preparation side
Method.
Background technique
In recent years, with the rapid development of national defence scientific research, Radiation Medicine and atomic energy industry, the use of various rays is increasingly
Extensively.X, gamma-rays is its important one kind.X, gamma-rays can enter the inside of human body and ionize with internal cell,
The ion that ionization generates can destroy in human body the inhereditary materials such as protein, nucleic acid in living cells, intracorporal normal so as to cause people
Metabolic process, the serious death that can lead to internal living cells.Due to Long Term Contact X, gamma-rays, to sexual gland, mammary gland, hematopoiesis
Marrow etc. can all generate injury, be more than that dosage even can be carcinogenic, bring and seriously threaten to human body.Therefore according to X, gamma-ray property
Matter and its mechanism of action with substance, should select and prepare corresponding material and be protected.
X, the gamma-rays protective materials occurred earliest is the metal materials such as stereotype, iron plate, again introduces heavy metal make later
Standby protective glass and rubber leadwork, and be processed into various protective garments, the helmet, protective gloves etc..Prepared traditional defense clothes
Not only protection efficiency is poor, can only shield some low energy X rays, and poor air permeability, heavy, wears uncomfortable, while lead is to human body
All there is serious harm with environment.
The unleaded lightweight protecting clothes of currently available technology preparation, typically inhale spherical or irregular shape ray
Powder is received as main radiation absorption substance, powder will be absorbed and be uniformly mixed by physical blending process with organic substrate, passed through
The techniques such as coating or calendering are prepared into radiation proof material.As disclosed a kind of epoxy in Chinese invention patent CN1075702308A
Resin base radiation protection material is by RE oxide powder, the coupling agent modified rear and epoxy blend of lead oxide powder
After be molded；It, will as disclosed a kind of radiation protection material and preparation method thereof in Chinese invention patent CN107316667A
Metallic shield powder: compacting forms the protective materials after tungsten, antimony, tantalum, bismuth etc. are kneaded with macromolecule toughness substrate.Such as middle promulgated by the State Council
A kind of preparation method of γ radiation protection clothes, micro-nano rank γ prepared by ball milling are disclosed in bright patent CN104900282A
Radiation protection function powder is added in rubber matrix, carries out calendering rubberizing with fabric, and sulfidization molding obtains γ radiation protection and knits
Object.Although the ray protection material of prior art preparation gets rid of the disadvantage of traditional protective material heaviness, safeguard function is mentioned
It rises.But used function radiation absorption powder is due to spherical or irregular shape in these materials, between particle
There are gaps, and during carrying out radiation protection, photon can directly be leaked by gap.It under normal circumstances can be by anti-
The mode of the superposition of protective material come increase ray and absorb powder effect probability.Prepared radiation protection will so be made
The weight of clothes increases and the waste of resource.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays protective materials and its preparation
Method can increase substantially alpha ray shield effect under same thickness and quality.
The present invention provides a kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays protective materials, is made of three-decker, is respectively from top to bottom
Kapton (1), bismuth thin skin layer (2) and function PU coating (3)；The protective materials with a thickness of 0.3~0.7mm.
As further improvement of the invention, the Kapton (1) is with a thickness of 150~250 μm.
As further improvement of the invention, the bismuth thin skin layer (2) is with a thickness of 50~200 μm.
As further improvement of the invention, the raw material composition of the function PU coating (3) are as follows: bismuth metal powder, diformazan
Yl acetamide, PU glue and silane coupling agent.
As further improvement of the invention, the mass ratio of the bismuth metal powder and silane coupling agent is 2:1~5:1,
Dimethyl acetamide and PU glue mass ratio are 2:1~1:2, and the mass ratio of bismuth metal powder and PU are 0.5:1~3:1.
The present invention further protects a kind of method for preparing above-mentioned unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays protective materials, including following
Step:
S1. prepare bismuth metal solution: nano metal bismuth meal body evenly spread in dehydrated alcohol, mass ratio be 1:1~
10min is stirred by ultrasonic in 1:5, and the bismuth metal solution viscosity of formation is 1000~10000mPa.s, and solution is uniformly applied to resistance to height
On the Kapton (1) of temperature；The nano metal bismuth meal body diameter 10nm~100nm, radius-thickness ratio are 1~500；
S2. hot pressing forms bismuth thin skin layer (2): step S1 uniformly being smeared to the Kapton of bismuth metal, as hot pressing
On machine, first 250~270 DEG C temperature, preheat 20min under 0 pressure so that bismuth metal powder thermally equivalent；Temperature is increased
To 285~300 DEG C, under the mechanical pressure of 25MPa, constant temperature and pressure suppresses 10~20min, bismuth metal powder high-temperature fusion, shape
At bismuth thin skin layer (2), with a thickness of 50~200 μm；
S3. it prepares function PU coating: nano metal bismuth meal body and silane coupling agent uniformly being mixed, in supersonic generator
After 10~20min of interior processing, dimethylacetamide solution is added dropwise, mechanical stirring 1~2 hour, PU glue is added after being uniformly dispersed, after
Continuous to stir evenly, heat up most 50~60 DEG C removing part dimethyl acetamides, adjusts viscosity number, continues 20~30min of stirring
Afterwards, the coating of function PU gel coating (3) is obtained, viscosity is 1000~5000mPa.s；
S4. spraying function PU coating (3): spray equipment barrel is added in coating described in step S3, passes through spraying process
It sprays on bismuth thin skin layer (2) described in step S2, function PU coating (3) is made after dry；The technological parameter of the spraying is
Upper liquid measure is 500ml/min~800ml/min, and air pressure is 0.3MPa~0.7MPa, and the diameter of spray head nozzle is 10cm,
Nozzle is 15cm away from cloth cover distance, and the round-trip number of spray gun is 30 times/min~120 time/min；The function PU coating layer thickness is
0.1m~0.3mm；
S5. prolong molded material: the obtained trilaminate material of the upper step S4 being prolonged into pressure by rolling mill roller, so that bismuth
Lamella (2) and PU layers of function (3) it is smooth, equably post in Kapton (1) surface, obtain prolonging molded unleaded
Lightweight X, gamma-rays protective materials.
It is further improved as of the invention, the calendering technology parameter in the step S5 are as follows: upper roll temperature 80 DEG C~120
DEG C, central roll temperature 70 C~100 DEG C, 60 DEG C~115 DEG C of lower roll temperatures, roll spacing 1mm, rolling velocity is 35~50m/min.
The purposes of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays protective materials that the present invention further protects one kind above-mentioned, the protective materials
For X, gamma-rays protective clothes material.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) bismuth metal has good shielding X, gamma-ray ability, replaces traditional heavy metal and existing mixing various metals
Composite material, meet unleaded, lightweight, environmental protection protective clothes material modern requirements.
(2) probability that a flaky powder particle Yu photon for same volume interacts is spherical powder granule
100 times or more.And the fusing point of bismuth metal is 271.3 DEG C, is suppressed after uniformly spraying in high temperature resistant base fabric through high temperature, powder can melt
In the form of sheets, arrangement is close for pressure, mutually overlaps mutually into almost seamless bismuth metal thin skin, and extremely reduction photon penetrates several from gap
Rate substantially increases the screening ability to ray.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the preparation method of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays protective materials in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays protective materials in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of nano metal bismuth meal body used in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the bismuth thin skin layer of 1 step S02 of embodiment of the present invention preparation；
Wherein, 1. polyimides are thin；2. bismuth thin skin layer；3. function PU coating.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, the embodiment described is the embodiment of part of representative of the invention, rather than whole embodiments, this field are general
Other all embodiments obtained belong to protection of the invention to logical technical staff without making creative work
Range.
Embodiment 1
Referring to attached drawing 2, it is respectively poly- that a kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays protective materials is made of three-decker from top to bottom
Imide membrane 1, bismuth thin skin layer 2, function PU coating 3；With a thickness of 0.3mm.Kapton 1 is X, γ with a thickness of 150 μm
The substrate of ray protection material；For bismuth thin skin layer 2 with a thickness of 50 μm, powder is pressed after being melted forms seamless metal in the form of sheets
Bismuth thin skin extremely reduces the probability that photon is penetrated from gap, substantially increases the screening ability to ray；Function PU coating 3 is former
Material composition are as follows: bismuth metal powder, dimethyl acetamide, PU glue and silane coupling agent, wherein bismuth metal powder and silane coupling agent
Mass ratio be 3:1, dimethyl acetamide and PU glue mass ratio are 1:1, and the mass ratio of bismuth metal powder and PU glue is 2:1；It applies
Layer is with a thickness of 0.1mm.
Referring to attached drawing 1, a kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays protective materials are prepared by the following steps:
Step S01 prepares bismuth metal solution.
Specifically, nano metal bismuth meal body is evenly spread in dehydrated alcohol, mass ratio 1:2, it is stirred by ultrasonic
The bismuth metal solution viscosity of 10min, formation are 1000mPa.s, and solution is uniformly applied to Kapton 1 resistant to high temperature
On；The nano metal bismuth meal body diameter 100nm；
Step S02, hot pressing form bismuth thin skin layer 2.
Specifically, step S01 uniformly to be smeared to the Kapton 1 of bismuth metal, as on hot press, elder generation is at 270 DEG C
Temperature, preheat 20min under 0 pressure so that bismuth metal powder thermally equivalent；300 DEG C are raised the temperature to, in the machine of 25MPa
Under tool pressure, constant temperature and pressure suppresses 10min, and bismuth metal powder high-temperature fusion forms bismuth thin skin layer 2, with a thickness of 50 μm；
Step S03 prepares function PU coating.
Specifically, nano metal bismuth meal body and silane coupling agent are uniformly mixed, 20min is handled in supersonic generator
Afterwards, dimethylacetamide solution is added dropwise, mechanical stirring 1 hour, PU glue is added after being uniformly dispersed, continues to stir evenly, be warming up to
For 50 DEG C of removing part dimethyl acetamides, viscosity number is adjusted, continues after stirring 30min, obtains the painting of function PU gel coating 3
Material, viscosity 1000mPa.s；The raw material of the function PU rouge coating 3 forms are as follows: the quality of bismuth metal powder and silane coupling agent
Than for 3:1, dimethyl acetamide and PU glue mass ratio are 1:1, and the mass ratio of bismuth metal powder and PU glue is 2:1；
Step S04, spraying function PU coating 3.
Specifically, spray equipment barrel is added in coating described in step S03, step S02 is sprayed to by spraying process
On the bismuth thin skin layer 2, function PU coating 3 is made after dry；The technological parameter of the spraying is that upper liquid measure is 6500ml/
Min, air pressure 0.5MPa, the diameter of spray head nozzle are 10cm, and nozzle is 15cm, round-trip time of spray gun away from cloth cover distance
Number is 80 times/min；The function PU coating 3 is with a thickness of 0.1mm；
Step S05 prolongs molded.
Specifically, the obtained trilaminate material of the upper step S04 is prolonged pressure by rolling mill roller, so that bismuth lamella 2
With function PU layer 3 it is smooth, equably post in 1 surface of Kapton, obtain prolonging molded unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays
Protective materials, with a thickness of 0.3mm.Wherein calendering technology parameter are as follows: upper 100 DEG C of roll temperature, 80 DEG C of middle roll temperature, lower roll temperatures 70
DEG C, roll spacing 1mm, rolling velocity 35m/min.
Embodiment 2
Referring to attached drawing 2, it is respectively poly- that a kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays protective materials is made of three-decker from top to bottom
Imide membrane 1, bismuth thin skin layer 2, function PU coating 3；With a thickness of 0.5mm.Kapton 1 is X, γ with a thickness of 150 μm
The substrate of ray protection material；For bismuth thin skin layer 2 with a thickness of 150 μm, powder is pressed after being melted forms seamless metal in the form of sheets
Bismuth thin skin extremely reduces the probability that photon is penetrated from gap, substantially increases the screening ability to ray；Function PU coating 3 is former
Material composition are as follows: bismuth metal powder, dimethyl acetamide, PU glue and silane coupling agent, wherein bismuth metal powder and silane coupling agent
Mass ratio be 3:1, dimethyl acetamide and PU glue mass ratio are 2:1, and the mass ratio of bismuth metal powder and PU glue is 3:1；It applies
Layer is with a thickness of 0.2mm.
Referring to attached drawing 1, a kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays protective materials are prepared by the following steps:
Step S01 prepares bismuth metal solution.
Specifically, nano metal bismuth meal body is evenly spread in dehydrated alcohol, mass ratio 1:1, it is stirred by ultrasonic
The bismuth metal solution viscosity of 10min, formation are 5000mPa.s, and solution is uniformly applied to Kapton 1 resistant to high temperature
On；The nano metal bismuth meal body diameter 100nm；
Step S02, hot pressing form bismuth thin skin layer 2.
Specifically, step S01 uniformly to be smeared to the Kapton 1 of bismuth metal, as on hot press, elder generation is at 280 DEG C
Temperature, preheat 20min under 0 pressure so that bismuth metal powder thermally equivalent；290 DEG C are raised the temperature to, in the machine of 25MPa
Under tool pressure, constant temperature and pressure suppresses 10min, and bismuth metal powder high-temperature fusion forms bismuth thin skin layer 2, with a thickness of 150 μm；
Step S03 prepares function PU coating.
Specifically, nano metal bismuth meal body and silane coupling agent are uniformly mixed, 20min is handled in supersonic generator
Afterwards, dimethylacetamide solution is added dropwise, mechanical stirring 2 hours, PU glue is added after being uniformly dispersed, continues to stir evenly, be warming up to
For 50 DEG C of removing part dimethyl acetamides, viscosity number is adjusted, continues after stirring 30min, obtains the painting of function PU gel coating 3
Material, viscosity 1500mPa.s；The function PU rouge coating material composition are as follows: the mass ratio of bismuth metal powder and silane coupling agent
For 3:1, dimethyl acetamide and PU glue mass ratio are 2:1, and the mass ratio of bismuth metal powder and PU glue is 3:1；
Step S04, spraying function PU coating 3.
Specifically, spray equipment barrel is added in coating described in step S03, step S02 is sprayed to by spraying process
On the bismuth thin skin layer 2, function PU coating 3 is made after dry；The technological parameter of the spraying is that upper liquid measure is 6500ml/
Min, air pressure 0.5MPa, the diameter of spray head nozzle are 10cm, and nozzle is 15cm, round-trip time of spray gun away from cloth cover distance
Number is 80 times/min；The function PU coating 3 is with a thickness of 0.2mm；
Step S05 prolongs molded.
Specifically, the obtained trilaminate material of the upper step S04 is prolonged pressure by rolling mill roller, so that bismuth lamella 2
With function PU layer 3 it is smooth, equably post in 1 surface of Kapton, obtain prolonging molded unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays
Protective materials, with a thickness of 0.5mm.Wherein calendering technology parameter are as follows: upper 100 DEG C of roll temperature, 80 DEG C of middle roll temperature, lower roll temperatures 70
DEG C, roll spacing 1mm, rolling velocity 35m/min.
Unleaded lightweight X, the gamma-rays protective materials with a thickness of 0.3mm prepared in the embodiment of the present invention 1, protects it effect
Fruit is tested, as a result as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
As can be seen from the table, thickness be only the unleaded lightweight X of 0.3mm, gamma-rays protective materials radiation-proof effect
Through reaching requirement of shelter.
Fig. 3 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of nano metal bismuth meal body used in the embodiment of the present invention.It can be seen that metal bismuth meal
Not of uniform size, for shape at less regular ball-type, distribution of reuniting easily forms gap between particle.
Fig. 4 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the bismuth thin skin layer 2 of 1 step S02 of embodiment of the present invention preparation, it can be seen that bismuth thin skin layer
As a result close, it is seamless.Metal bismuth meal high-temperature fusion is pressed into thin slice, touches and penetrate using the characteristic of metal bismuth meal low melting point
When line, seamless bismuth thin skin layer extremely reduces the probability that photon is penetrated from gap, is more efficiently absorbed, radiation-screening, has
Conducive to economizing on resources, high degree improves the drawbacks of powder granule is during radiation protection.And the PU gel coating of outer layer changes
The brittleness of kind protective materials, further increases shielding property.The radiation proof material of preparation can according to demand from different fabrics
It is compound, prepare radiation protection clothes.
Compared with prior art, bismuth metal has good shielding X, gamma-ray ability, replaces traditional heavy metal and existing mixed
Close various metals composite material, meet unleaded, lightweight, environmental protection protective clothes material modern requirements.The one of same volume
The probability that flaky powder particle and photon interact is 100 times of spherical powder granule or more.And bismuth metal is molten
Point is 271.3 DEG C, is suppressed after uniformly spraying in high temperature resistant base fabric through high temperature, and powder can melt pressure in the form of sheets, and arrangement is close, mutually
Almost seamless bismuth metal thin skin is overlapped into, extremely reduces the probability that photon is penetrated from gap, substantially increases to ray
Screening ability.
Those skilled in the art is not under conditions of departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention that claims determine, also
Various modifications can be carried out to the above content.Therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited in above explanation, but by
The range of claims determines.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of unleaded lightweight X, gamma-rays protective materials, which is characterized in that be made of three-decker, be from top to bottom respectively poly-
Imide membrane (1), bismuth thin skin layer (2) and function PU coating (3)；The protective materials with a thickness of 0.3~0.7mm.
2. unleaded lightweight X according to claim 1, gamma-rays protective materials, which is characterized in that the Kapton
(1) with a thickness of 150~250 μm.
3. unleaded lightweight X according to claim 1, gamma-rays protective materials, which is characterized in that the bismuth thin skin layer (2)
With a thickness of 50~200 μm.
4. unleaded lightweight X according to claim 1, gamma-rays protective materials, which is characterized in that the function PU coating
(3) raw material composition are as follows: bismuth metal powder, dimethyl acetamide, PU glue and silane coupling agent.
5. unleaded lightweight X according to claim 4, gamma-rays protective materials, which is characterized in that the bismuth metal powder with
The mass ratio of silane coupling agent is 2:1~5:1, and dimethyl acetamide and PU glue mass ratio are 2:1~1:2, bismuth metal powder with
The mass ratio of PU is 0.5:1~3:1.
6. a kind of method for preparing the described in any item unleaded lightweight X of claim 1-5, gamma-rays protective materials, feature exist
In, comprising the following steps:
S1. it preparing bismuth metal solution: nano metal bismuth meal body is evenly spread in dehydrated alcohol, mass ratio is 1:1~1:5,
10min is stirred by ultrasonic, the bismuth metal solution viscosity of formation is 1000~10000mPa.s, solution is uniformly applied to resistant to high temperature
On Kapton (1)；The nano metal bismuth meal body diameter 10nm~100nm, radius-thickness ratio are 1~500；
S2. hot pressing forms bismuth thin skin layer (2): step S1 is uniformly smeared to the Kapton of bismuth metal, as on hot press,
First 250~270 DEG C temperature, preheat 20min under 0 pressure so that bismuth metal powder thermally equivalent；Raise the temperature to 285
~300 DEG C, under the mechanical pressure of 25MPa, constant temperature and pressure suppresses 10~20min, and it is thin to form bismuth for bismuth metal powder high-temperature fusion
Cortex (2), with a thickness of 50~200 μm；
S3. it prepares function PU coating: nano metal bismuth meal body and silane coupling agent uniformly being mixed, in supersonic generator
After managing 10~20min, dimethylacetamide solution is added dropwise, mechanical stirring 1~2 hour, PU glue is added after being uniformly dispersed, continues to stir
It mixes uniformly, heat up most 50~60 DEG C removing part dimethyl acetamides, adjusts viscosity number and obtains after continuing 20~30min of stirring
The coating of function PU gel coating (3) is obtained, viscosity is 1000~5000mPa.s；
S4. spraying function PU coating (3): spray equipment barrel is added in coating described in step S3, is sprayed by spraying process
Onto bismuth thin skin layer (2) described in step S2, function PU coating (3) is made after dry；The technological parameter of the spraying is upper liquid
Amount is 500ml/min~800ml/min, and air pressure is 0.3MPa~0.7MPa, and the diameter of spray head nozzle is 10cm, nozzle
It is 15cm away from cloth cover distance, the round-trip number of spray gun is 30 times/min~120 time/min；The function PU coating layer thickness is 0.1m
~0.3mm；
S5. prolong molded material: the obtained trilaminate material of the upper step S4 being prolonged into pressure by rolling mill roller, so that bismuth thin slice
Layer (2) and PU layers of function (3) it is smooth, equably post in Kapton (1) surface, obtain prolonging molded unleaded lightweight
X, gamma-rays protective materials.
7. the preparation method of unleaded lightweight X according to claim 6, gamma-rays protective materials, which is characterized in that described
Calendering technology parameter in step S5 are as follows: upper 80 DEG C~120 DEG C of roll temperature, central roll temperature 70 C~100 DEG C, 60 DEG C of lower roll temperatures
~115 DEG C, roll spacing 1mm, rolling velocity is 35~50m/min.
8. the purposes of a kind of unleaded lightweight X as described in any one in claim 1-5, gamma-rays protective materials, which is characterized in that
The protective materials is used for X, gamma-rays protective clothes material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910637020.2A CN110317359B (en) | 2019-07-15 | 2019-07-15 | Lead-free light X-ray and gamma-ray protection material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201910637020.2A CN110317359B (en) | 2019-07-15 | 2019-07-15 | Lead-free light X-ray and gamma-ray protection material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110317359A true CN110317359A (en) | 2019-10-11 |
| CN110317359B CN110317359B (en) | 2022-01-04 |
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