CN115602348A - Gamma-ray protection composition, film, fabric, preparation method of gamma-ray protection composition, film, fabric and protective clothing - Google Patents

Gamma-ray protection composition, film, fabric, preparation method of gamma-ray protection composition, film, fabric and protective clothing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115602348A
CN115602348A CN202211246679.3A CN202211246679A CN115602348A CN 115602348 A CN115602348 A CN 115602348A CN 202211246679 A CN202211246679 A CN 202211246679A CN 115602348 A CN115602348 A CN 115602348A
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China
Prior art keywords
gamma
film
parts
fabric
ray protective
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Pending
Application number
CN202211246679.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈帅
彭祥阳
侯硕
路广遥
唐叔建
周建明
赵桂生
刘苏州
申家福
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China General Nuclear Power Corp
China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
CGN Power Co Ltd
Original Assignee
China General Nuclear Power Corp
China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
CGN Power Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202211246679.3A priority Critical patent/CN115602348A/en
Publication of CN115602348A publication Critical patent/CN115602348A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
    • G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
    • G21F1/08—Metals; Alloys; Cermets, i.e. sintered mixtures of ceramics and metals
    • G21F1/085—Heavy metals or alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/16—Drying; Softening; Cleaning
    • B32B38/164—Drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/047—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material made of fibres or filaments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
    • G21F1/12—Laminated shielding materials
    • G21F1/125—Laminated shielding materials comprising metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/71—Resistive to light or to UV
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2437/00—Clothing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2571/00—Protective equipment

Abstract

The application relates to a gamma-ray protection composition, a film, a fabric, a preparation method thereof and a protective garment, wherein the composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 18 to 49 parts of bismuth, 9 to 21 parts of tungsten trioxide and 12 to 35 parts of polyvinyl chloride. The bismuth and the tungsten trioxide can be used as functional particles to well absorb gamma rays, and the combination of the tungsten trioxide and the bismuth can ensure that the functional particles have good shielding effect on gamma rays with different energy levels. The polyvinyl chloride is used as a matrix, and after the composition is formed into a film, bismuth and tungsten trioxide particles can be uniformly dispersed in the film, so that the obtained protective material has a good gamma-ray protection effect.

Description

Gamma-ray protection composition, film, fabric, preparation method of gamma-ray protection composition, film, fabric and protective clothing
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of radiation shielding materials, in particular to a gamma-ray protection composition, a film, a fabric, a preparation method of the gamma-ray protection composition, the film, the fabric and protective clothing.
Background
The gamma ray provides convenience for people in the fields of industry, medicine, national defense, scientific research and the like, and simultaneously has radioactive hazards, and corresponding measures are adopted to reduce the influence. The protection measures for gamma ray radioactive hazards are mainly to shield the gamma ray radioactive hazards, and at present, most of the protection measures are to shield the gamma ray radioactive hazards by using protection fabrics. The gamma ray shielding process is to absorb the ionizing radiation energy projected onto the surface of material and make it react with heavy element to produce photoelectric effect, compton scattering and electron pair effect so as to reach the aim of multiple loss and attenuation of radiation energy. The shielding effect of the traditional protective fabric is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, there is a need for a gamma ray protective composition, film, fabric, method of making the same, and protective garment that can improve the shielding effect of gamma ray protection.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a gamma-ray protection composition, which comprises the following components in parts by mass:
18 to 49 parts of bismuth, 9 to 21 parts of tungsten trioxide, and
12 to 35 portions of polyvinyl chloride.
In some of these embodiments, the bismuth has a particle size of 50 μm to 100 μm.
In some embodiments, the tungsten trioxide has a particle size of 30 to 50 μm.
In some of these embodiments, the polyvinyl chloride has an average degree of polymerization of 1300 to 1600.
In some embodiments, the adhesive further comprises 12 to 35 parts by mass of a plasticizer.
In some embodiments, the stabilizer is further included by 1 to 3 parts by mass.
In a second aspect, the present application also provides a gamma-ray protective film comprising polyvinyl chloride, bismuth, and tungsten trioxide; the bismuth and the tungsten trioxide are dispersed in the polyvinyl chloride.
In some of these embodiments, the particle size of the tungsten trioxide is less than or equal to the particle size of the bismuth.
In some embodiments, the polyvinyl chloride is 12 to 35 parts by weight, the bismuth is 18 to 49 parts by weight, and the tungsten trioxide is 9 to 21 parts by weight.
In a third aspect, the present application further provides a gamma-ray protective fabric, which comprises a fabric substrate and any one of the gamma-ray protective films described above, wherein the gamma-ray protective film is located on at least one surface of the fabric substrate.
In some of these embodiments, further comprising an adhesive layer between the gamma-ray protective film and the fabric substrate.
In some of these embodiments, the material of the bonding layer comprises an adhesive.
In some embodiments, the binder has a solids holdup of 35% to 45%.
In some of these embodiments, the binder has a pH of 7 to 9.
In some of these embodiments, the binder has a viscosity of less than or equal to 300mP S.
In a fourth aspect, the present application also provides a method for preparing a gamma-ray protective fabric, including:
mixing 18-49 parts of bismuth, 9-21 parts of tungsten trioxide and 12-35 parts of polyvinyl chloride in parts by mass to obtain a mixture;
the compound is affixed to at least one surface of the fabric substrate.
In some of these embodiments, the affixing of the compound to at least one surface of the fabric substrate comprises:
performing film forming treatment on the mixture to prepare a film material;
securing the film to at least one surface of the fabric substrate.
In some of these embodiments, the film-forming process is transferring the mix to a release carrier to form a film.
In some of these embodiments, the film-forming process is a knife coating transfer of the mixture to the release carrier to form a film.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the film forming process is 140 ℃ to 190 ℃;
in some embodiments, the film formation process is performed for 2min to 10min.
In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a protective garment, comprising any one of the above gamma-ray protective fabrics, or a gamma-ray protective fabric prepared by any one of the above preparation methods.
The gamma-ray protective composition comprises polyvinyl chloride, bismuth and tungsten trioxide. Wherein, polyvinyl chloride is used as a base material, and bismuth and tungsten trioxide are used as functional particles. Bismuth, as an element with an atomic number of 83, has a higher number of extra-nuclear electrons than elements with a lower atomic number, and can increase the probability of the gamma ray attenuation effect. Because the radiation sources generating the gamma rays are different, the energy levels needing protection are different, and the combination of the tungsten trioxide and the bismuth can ensure that the functional particles have better shielding effect on the gamma rays with different energy levels. Bismuth and tungsten trioxide not only can absorb gamma rays well, but also are environment-friendly materials. The polyvinyl chloride is used as a matrix, so that the bismuth and tungsten trioxide particles are dispersed in the matrix, and the obtained protective material has a good gamma-ray protection effect.
The preparation method of the gamma-ray protection fabric can be used for preparing the gamma-ray protection fabric with a good gamma-ray shielding effect. Meanwhile, the protective film takes polyvinyl chloride as a base material, can be prepared in a large area by blade coating, has a simple preparation process and low preparation cost, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional scanning electron microscope image of a gamma-ray protective film provided in example 1 of the present application;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a gamma ray protective fabric according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a gamma-ray protective fabric according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a graph showing a comparison of the gamma ray shielding rates provided in examples 1 and 2 of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is capable of embodiment in many different forms than those described herein and those skilled in the art will be able to make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the application and therefore the application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
An embodiment of the application provides a gamma-ray protection composition, which comprises the following components in parts by mass:
18 to 49 parts of bismuth, 9 to 21 parts of tungsten trioxide and
12 to 35 portions of polyvinyl chloride.
The gamma-ray protective composition comprises polyvinyl chloride, bismuth and tungsten trioxide. Wherein, polyvinyl chloride is used as a base material, and bismuth and tungsten trioxide are used as functional particles. Bismuth, which is an element having an atomic number of 83, has a larger number of extra-nuclear electrons than that of an element having a lower atomic number, and can increase the probability of the gamma ray attenuation effect. Because the radiation sources generating the gamma rays are different, the energy levels needing protection are different, and the combination of the tungsten trioxide and the bismuth can ensure that the functional particles have better shielding effect on the gamma rays with different energy levels. Bismuth and tungsten trioxide not only can absorb gamma rays well, but also are environment-friendly materials. The polyvinyl chloride is used as a matrix, so that the bismuth and tungsten trioxide particles are dispersed in the matrix, and the obtained protective material has a good gamma-ray protection effect. And the physical and chemical properties of the polyvinyl chloride are stable, and the polyvinyl chloride is not easy to be corroded by acid and alkali, so that the gamma-ray protection composition can be suitable for various environmental conditions. When the contents of bismuth and tungsten trioxide are too low, the gamma ray shielding effect is poor; when the content of bismuth and tungsten trioxide is too high, the dispersion effect of bismuth and tungsten trioxide in polyvinyl chloride is poor; within the range of the parts of the bismuth, the tungsten trioxide and the polyvinyl chloride, the better gamma-ray shielding effect can be obtained, and the better gamma-ray protection effect can be achieved.
In some embodiments, the gamma-ray protective composition comprises the following components in parts by mass:
42 to 49 parts of bismuth, 18 to 21 parts of tungsten trioxide, and
12 to 13.5 portions of polyvinyl chloride.
Tests prove that the gamma-ray protection composition of the embodiment has better gamma-ray shielding effect.
In some of these embodiments, the particle size of the bismuth is 50 μm to 100 μm. Within the particle size range of the bismuth, the bismuth particles have good dispersion effect in polyvinyl chloride, can achieve good shielding effect on gamma rays, and can obtain a gamma ray protection composition with good gamma ray protection effect. Alternatively, the particle size of the bismuth is 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm or 100 μm.
In some of these embodiments, the tungsten trioxide has a particle size of 30 μm to 50 μm. Within the particle size range of the tungsten trioxide, the tungsten trioxide particles have good dispersion effect in polyvinyl chloride, can achieve good shielding effect on gamma rays, and can obtain a gamma ray protection composition with good gamma ray protection effect. Alternatively, the particle size of the tungsten trioxide is 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 45 μm, or 50 μm.
In some of these embodiments, the polyvinyl chloride has an average degree of polymerization of 1300 to 1600. Optionally, the polyvinyl chloride has an average degree of polymerization of 1400 to 1500. Within the average polymerization degree range of the polyvinyl chloride, the bismuth particles and the tungsten trioxide particles have good dispersion effect in the polyvinyl chloride, and have good integral film forming property, so that the composite can play a good role in shielding gamma rays, and can obtain a gamma ray protection composition with good gamma ray protection effect. Further optionally, the polyvinyl chloride has an average degree of polymerization of 1400, 1410, 1420, 1430, 1440, 1450, 1460, 1470, 1480, 1490, or 1500.
In some embodiments, the adhesive further comprises 12 to 35 parts by mass of a plasticizer. Within the mass fraction range of the plasticizer, the polyvinyl chloride has a good film forming effect, and the bismuth particles and the tungsten trioxide particles are dispersed in the polyvinyl chloride more uniformly, so that the gamma-ray protection composition with a good gamma-ray protection effect can be obtained.
In one embodiment, the plasticizer is a DOTP plasticizer or Epoxidized Soybean Oil (ESO).
In some embodiments, the stabilizer further comprises 1 to 3 parts by mass of a stabilizer. Within the mass fraction range of the stabilizer, the film formation of the polyvinyl chloride is stable, and the gamma-ray protection composition with good gamma-ray protection effect can be obtained.
In one embodiment, the stabilizer is one of a calcium zinc stabilizer and a barium zinc stabilizer.
Referring to fig. 1, still another embodiment of the present application provides a gamma ray protective film including polyvinyl chloride, bismuth, and tungsten trioxide; bismuth and tungsten trioxide are dispersed in polyvinyl chloride. Wherein, the larger particles are bismuth, the smaller particles are tungsten trioxide, and the outer base layer is polyvinyl chloride.
Polyvinyl chloride is used as a base material, and bismuth and tungsten trioxide are used as functional particles. Bismuth, which is an element having an atomic number of 83, has a larger number of extra-nuclear electrons than that of an element having a lower atomic number, and can increase the probability of the gamma ray attenuation effect. Because the radiation sources generating the gamma rays are different, the energy levels needing protection are different, and the combination of the tungsten trioxide and the bismuth can ensure that the functional particles have better shielding effect on the gamma rays with different energy levels. The polyvinyl chloride is used as the base layer, so that the bismuth and tungsten trioxide particles are dispersed in the base layer, and the obtained protective material has a good gamma-ray protection effect.
In some of these embodiments, the particle size of the tungsten trioxide is less than or equal to the particle size of the bismuth.
In some embodiments, the mass fraction of the polyvinyl chloride is 12 to 35 parts, the mass fraction of the bismuth is 18 to 49 parts, and the mass fraction of the tungsten trioxide is 9 to 21 parts. When the content of bismuth and tungsten trioxide is too high, the dispersion effect of the bismuth and tungsten trioxide in polyvinyl chloride is poor; within the range of the parts of the bismuth, the tungsten trioxide and the polyvinyl chloride, the better gamma-ray shielding effect can be obtained, and the better gamma-ray protection effect can be achieved.
Another embodiment of the present application provides a gamma ray protective fabric, comprising a fabric substrate and any one of the gamma ray protective films described above, wherein the gamma ray protective film is located on at least one surface of the fabric substrate.
In one embodiment, the fabric substrate is a polyester-cotton blend fabric substrate. The polyester-cotton blended fabric substrate has good mechanical properties, and the prepared gamma-ray protective fabric has good mechanical properties and wider applicable scenes.
In some of these embodiments, a tie layer is also included, the tie layer being positioned between the gamma ray protective film and the fabric substrate. The gamma-ray protective film is fixed on the fabric substrate through the bonding layer, the gamma-ray protective film is not easy to fall off, the operation is convenient, and the operation is easy to be carried out on the gamma-ray protective film and the fabric substrate with large areas.
In one embodiment, the material of the bonding layer comprises a bonding agent, and the solid content of the bonding agent is 35-45%. Optionally, the binder has a solid content of 39% to 41%. Within the solid content range of the adhesive, the adhesive has better effect of bonding the gamma-ray protective film and the fabric substrate. Further optionally, the binder has a solids content of 39%, 39.5%, 40%, 40.5%, or 41%.
In one embodiment, the pH of the binder is 7 to 9. Within the pH value range of the adhesive, the effect of the adhesive on adhering the gamma-ray protective film and the fabric substrate is better. Optionally, the binder has a pH of 7, 7.2, 7.5, 7.7, 8, 8.2, 8.5, 8.7, or 9.
In one embodiment, the viscosity of the binder is less than or equal to 300 mPS. Within the viscosity range of the adhesive, the adhesive has better effect of adhering the gamma-ray protective film and the fabric substrate. Optionally, the adhesive has a viscosity of 10 mPS.S, 30 mPS.S, 50 mPS.S, 75 mPS.S, 100 mPS.S, 150 mPS.S, 200 mPS.S, 250 mPS.S, or 300 mPS.S.
In one embodiment, the binder is one of polyurethane and polyacrylic resin.
In one embodiment, the binder is PU2540.
Referring to fig. 2, another embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a gamma ray protective fabric, including:
s101: mixing 18-49 parts of bismuth, 9-21 parts of tungsten trioxide and 12-35 parts of polyvinyl chloride in parts by mass to obtain a mixture;
s102: the compound is affixed to at least one surface of the fabric substrate.
In some of these embodiments, securing the compound to at least one surface of the fabric substrate comprises:
performing film forming treatment on the mixture to prepare a film material; securing a film to at least one surface of the fabric substrate. When the mixture is subjected to film forming treatment, the polyvinyl chloride powder forms a film substrate, and the bismuth particles and the tungsten trioxide particles which are used as functional particles can be dispersed in the polyvinyl chloride substrate to finally form a film material with a gamma ray shielding effect. And the obtained gamma-ray protective film has better protective effect because of the uniform dispersion of the bismuth and the tungsten trioxide. The film is a flexible film and can be attached to a fabric substrate to prepare the gamma-ray protective fabric with a good shielding effect.
In some of these embodiments, the film forming process is a transfer of the mixture to an anti-adhesive carrier to form a film. The mixture is transferred to an anti-sticking carrier, and after the mixture is subjected to film forming treatment, the prepared film layer material is conveniently separated from the carrier, and then the mixture is transferred to a fabric substrate to prepare the gamma-ray protective fabric, so that the operation is convenient.
In one embodiment, the release carrier is a release paper.
In one embodiment, the film forming process is a knife coating process that transfers the mixture to a release carrier to form a film. The mixture is transferred to an anti-sticking carrier through blade coating, the coating thickness of the mixture can be set, the thickness of the prepared gamma-ray protective film is further determined, and the operation is convenient. Meanwhile, large-area preparation can be carried out by using blade coating, the preparation process is simple, the preparation cost is low, and the preparation method is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
In one embodiment, the temperature of the film formation process is 140 to 190 ℃. Alternatively, the temperature of the film formation treatment is 160 to 180 ℃. Within the temperature range of the film forming treatment, the polyvinyl chloride powder has good forming effect, and the film material with uniformly dispersed functional particles in the matrix can be prepared under the condition that polyvinyl chloride is not decomposed by matching with the time of the film forming treatment, so that the gamma-ray protective fabric with good protective effect is obtained. Further alternatively, the temperature of the film formation process may be 160 ℃, 162 ℃, 164 ℃, 166 ℃, 168 ℃, 170 ℃, 172 ℃, 174 ℃, 176 ℃, 178 ℃ or 180 ℃.
In one embodiment, the film formation time is 2 to 10min. Optionally, the time of the film forming process is 3min to 7min. Within the time range of the film forming treatment, the polyvinyl chloride has good forming effect, and the film material with uniformly dispersed functional particles in the matrix can be prepared under the condition that the polyvinyl chloride is not decomposed by matching with the temperature of the film forming treatment, so that the gamma-ray protection fabric with good protection effect is obtained. Further optionally, the time of the film forming process is 3min, 4min, 5min, 6min, or 7min.
Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, a method for preparing a gamma ray protective fabric includes:
s201: mixing 18-49 parts by mass of bismuth, 9-21 parts by mass of tungsten trioxide and 12-35 parts by mass of polyvinyl chloride to obtain a mixture;
s202: uniformly dispersing the mixture by using a dispersion machine;
s203: coating the uniformly dispersed mixture on the surface of release paper, and performing film forming treatment in an oven, wherein the time of the film forming treatment is 2-10 min, and the temperature of the film forming treatment is 140-190 ℃ to obtain a flexible film;
s204: coating an adhesive on one surface of the flexible film, and attaching the fabric substrate to the surface of the flexible film coated with the adhesive;
s205: and drying the fabric substrate attached with the flexible film in an oven to obtain the gamma-ray protective fabric.
The preparation method of the gamma-ray protective fabric can be used for preparing the gamma-ray protective fabric with a good gamma-ray shielding effect. Bismuth and tungsten trioxide are used as functional particles and can well absorb gamma rays, polyvinyl chloride is used as a matrix, so that the bismuth and tungsten trioxide particles are uniformly dispersed in the matrix, and the obtained gamma ray protective fabric has a good gamma ray protective effect. Meanwhile, the gamma-ray protective film in the fabric takes polyvinyl chloride as a base material, can be prepared in a large area by blade coating, has a simple preparation process and low preparation cost, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production. When the gamma-ray protective film is attached to the fabric substrate by using the adhesive, large-area operation can be performed by using blade coating, the operation is simple, and the method is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
In one embodiment, the preparation method of the gamma-ray protective fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing 18-49 parts of bismuth, 9-21 parts of tungsten trioxide, 12-35 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 12-35 parts of DOTP plasticizer and 1-3 parts of calcium zinc stabilizer by mass.
(2) And stirring the mixed polyvinyl chloride, the DOTP plasticizer and the calcium-zinc stabilizer by using a dispersion machine, adding bismuth and tungsten trioxide in the stirring process, and continuously stirring until the mixture is uniformly dispersed.
(3) And coating the uniformly dispersed mixture on the surface of release paper by blade coating, and performing film forming treatment in an oven, wherein the time of the film forming treatment is 2-10 min, and the temperature of the film forming treatment is 140-190 ℃ to obtain the flexible film.
(4) The polyurethane PU2540 is coated on one surface of the flexible film by blade coating, and the polyester-cotton blended fabric is attached to the surface of the flexible film coated with the polyurethane PU2540.
(5) And drying the polyester-cotton blended fabric attached with the flexible film in an oven to obtain the gamma-ray protective fabric.
Another embodiment of the present application further provides protective clothing, including any of the above gamma-ray protective fabrics.
When the gamma-ray protective fabric is used for preparing the protective clothing, a wearer can shield gamma rays to a certain extent through the gamma-ray protective fabric on the surface of the protective clothing when wearing the protective clothing, so that the effect of gamma-ray protection is achieved.
The following are specific examples.
Example 1
Preparing a mixture:
(1) 42g of bismuth powder, 18g of tungsten trioxide powder, 18.5g of PVC-440 powder, 18.5g of DOTP plasticizer and 3g of calcium zinc stabilizer are weighed, the average polymerization degree of the PVC-440 powder is 1450, and the purity of the DOTP plasticizer is 99.5%.
(2) Polyvinyl chloride powder, DOTP plasticizer and calcium zinc stabilizer are sequentially added into a beaker, and a sample disperser is used for stirring for 5min at the rotating speed of 1000 r/min.
(3) And stirring at the rotating speed of 1200r/min for 10min, sequentially adding bismuth powder and tungsten trioxide powder into the beaker during stirring, and uniformly dispersing to obtain a mixture.
Preparing a gamma-ray protective film:
(1) And fixing the release paper with the size of A4 on the table top.
(2) Setting the thickness of the coating to be 1mm, and coating the mixture on the surface of the fixed release paper in a scraping way.
(3) And (3) placing the release paper coated with the mixture in an oven at 170 ℃ for film forming treatment for 5min, and taking down the release paper to obtain the gamma-ray protective film.
Preparing a gamma-ray protective fabric:
(1) The polyurethane PU2540 was knife coated on one surface of the gamma ray protective film, and a polyester-cotton blended fabric substrate was attached to the surface of the gamma ray protective film coated with the polyurethane PU2540.
(2) And (3) placing the bonded gamma-ray protective film in an oven at 80 ℃ for 5 minutes to cure the polyurethane PU2540 to obtain the gamma-ray protective fabric.
And taking the sum of the mass of the bismuth and the mass of the tungsten trioxide as the mass of the functional particles, wherein the mass fraction of the functional particles is the percentage of the mass of the functional particles in the gamma-ray protective film. In the gamma-ray protective fabric prepared in the embodiment, the mass fraction of the functional particles is 60%, and the gamma-ray shielding rate is 31.79% through tests.
Example 2
Preparing a mixture:
(1) 49g of bismuth powder, 21g of tungsten trioxide powder, 13.5g of PVC-440 powder, 13.5g of DOTP plasticizer and 3g of calcium zinc stabilizer are weighed, the average polymerization degree of the PVC-440 powder is 1450, and the purity of the DOTP plasticizer is 99.5%.
(2) Polyvinyl chloride powder, DOTP plasticizer and calcium zinc stabilizer are sequentially added into a beaker, and a sample disperser is used for stirring for 5min at the rotating speed of 1000 r/min.
(3) And stirring at the rotating speed of 1200r/min for 10min, sequentially adding bismuth powder and tungsten trioxide powder into the beaker during stirring, and uniformly dispersing to obtain a mixture.
Preparing a gamma-ray protective film:
(1) And fixing the release paper with the size of A4 on the table top.
(2) Setting the thickness of the coating to be 1mm, and coating the mixture on the surface of the fixed release paper in a scraping way.
(3) And (3) placing the release paper coated with the mixture in an oven at 170 ℃ for film forming treatment for 5min, and taking down the release paper to obtain the gamma-ray protective film.
Preparing a gamma-ray protective fabric:
(1) The polyurethane PU2540 was knife coated on one surface of the gamma ray protective film, and a polyester-cotton blended fabric substrate was attached to the surface of the gamma ray protective film coated with the polyurethane PU2540.
(2) And (3) placing the bonded gamma-ray protective film in an oven at 80 ℃ for 5 minutes to cure the polyurethane PU2540 to obtain the gamma-ray protective fabric.
And taking the sum of the mass of the bismuth and the mass of the tungsten trioxide as the mass of the functional particles, wherein the mass fraction of the functional particles is the percentage of the mass of the functional particles in the gamma-ray protective film. In the gamma-ray protective fabric prepared in the embodiment, the mass fraction of the functional particles is 70%, and the gamma-ray shielding rate is 36.95% through tests.
Referring to fig. 4, a result of a gamma ray shielding rate test of the gamma ray protective fabrics prepared in examples 1 and 2 is shown. In fig. 4, the left histogram is the gamma ray shielding rate of the gamma ray protective fabric prepared in example 1, the mass fraction of the functional particles is 60%, and the gamma ray shielding rate is 31.79%; in fig. 4, the right histogram shows the gamma ray shielding rate of the gamma ray protective fabric prepared in example 2, the mass fraction of the functional particles is 70%, and the gamma ray shielding rate is 36.95%. The test results of the comparative example show that the gamma ray shielding rate of the prepared gamma ray protection fabric is higher, and the gamma ray shielding rate of the prepared gamma ray protection fabric is increased as the mass fractions of bismuth and tungsten trioxide are increased.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be understood as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent is subject to the appended claims, and the description and the drawings can be used for explaining the contents of the claims.

Claims (15)

1. The gamma ray protection composition is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass:
18 to 49 parts of bismuth, 9 to 21 parts of tungsten trioxide, and
12 to 35 portions of polyvinyl chloride.
2. A gamma-ray protective composition according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the following features is fulfilled:
(1) The grain diameter of the bismuth is 50-100 mu m;
(2) The particle size of the tungsten trioxide is 30-50 mu m;
(3) The average polymerization degree of the polyvinyl chloride is 1300-1600.
3. A gamma-ray protective composition according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising at least one of the following components in parts by mass:
(1) 12-35 parts of a plasticizer;
(2) 1-3 parts of stabilizer.
4. A gamma ray protective film is characterized by comprising polyvinyl chloride, bismuth and tungsten trioxide; the bismuth and the tungsten trioxide are dispersed in the polyvinyl chloride.
5. The gamma-ray protective film according to claim 4, wherein a particle diameter of the tungsten trioxide is smaller than or equal to a particle diameter of the bismuth.
6. The gamma-ray protective film according to any one of claims 4 to 5, wherein the polyvinyl chloride is 12 to 35 parts by mass, the bismuth is 18 to 49 parts by mass, and the tungsten trioxide is 9 to 21 parts by mass.
7. A gamma-ray protective fabric, characterized by comprising a fabric substrate and a gamma-ray protective film according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the gamma-ray protective film is positioned on at least one surface of the fabric substrate.
8. The gamma ray protective fabric of claim 7, further comprising an adhesive layer between the gamma ray protective film and the fabric substrate.
9. A gamma ray protective face fabric according to claim 8, wherein the material of the adhesive layer comprises an adhesive which meets at least one of the following characteristics:
(1) The solid content of the binder is 35-45%;
(2) The pH value of the binder is 7-9;
(3) The viscosity of the binder is less than or equal to 300mP & S.
10. The preparation method of the gamma-ray protective fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing 18-49 parts of bismuth, 9-21 parts of tungsten trioxide and 12-35 parts of polyvinyl chloride in parts by mass to obtain a mixture;
the compound is affixed to at least one surface of the fabric substrate.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the affixing the compound to at least one surface of the fabric substrate comprises:
performing film forming treatment on the mixture to prepare a film material;
securing the film to at least one surface of the fabric substrate.
12. A method for preparing a gamma ray protective face fabric according to claim 11, wherein the film forming process is to transfer the mixture to an anti-sticking carrier to form a film.
13. A method for preparing gamma-ray protective face fabric according to claim 12, wherein the film forming treatment is to transfer the mixture to the anti-sticking carrier by blade coating to form a film.
14. The method for producing a gamma-ray protective fabric according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the film forming treatment satisfies at least one of the following characteristics:
(1) The temperature of the film forming treatment is 140-190 ℃;
(2) The time of the film forming treatment is 2min to 10min.
15. Protective clothing, characterized in that it comprises a gamma-ray protective fabric according to any one of claims 7 to 9 or a gamma-ray protective fabric produced by a method for producing a gamma-ray protective fabric according to any one of claims 10 to 14.
CN202211246679.3A 2022-10-12 2022-10-12 Gamma-ray protection composition, film, fabric, preparation method of gamma-ray protection composition, film, fabric and protective clothing Pending CN115602348A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115975310A (en) * 2023-01-17 2023-04-18 长沙原子高科医药有限公司 Flexible protective material and preparation method and application thereof
CN115975310B (en) * 2023-01-17 2024-04-26 长沙原子高科医药有限公司 Flexible protective material and preparation method and application thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115975310A (en) * 2023-01-17 2023-04-18 长沙原子高科医药有限公司 Flexible protective material and preparation method and application thereof
CN115975310B (en) * 2023-01-17 2024-04-26 长沙原子高科医药有限公司 Flexible protective material and preparation method and application thereof

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