CN109411103A - One heavy metal species-rare earth nano composite shielding material and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
One heavy metal species-rare earth nano composite shielding material and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN109411103A CN109411103A CN201811247428.0A CN201811247428A CN109411103A CN 109411103 A CN109411103 A CN 109411103A CN 201811247428 A CN201811247428 A CN 201811247428A CN 109411103 A CN109411103 A CN 109411103A
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- shielding material
- composite shielding
- rare earth
- heavy metal
- nano composite
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
- G21F1/08—Metals; Alloys; Cermets, i.e. sintered mixtures of ceramics and metals
- G21F1/085—Heavy metals or alloys
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
- G21F1/10—Organic substances; Dispersions in organic carriers
- G21F1/103—Dispersions in organic carriers
- G21F1/106—Dispersions in organic carriers metallic dispersions
Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of nuclear radiation protection, provide one heavy metal species-rare earth nano composite shielding material and its preparation method and application, which is constituted by inside and outside two layers, and internal layer is attached most importance to metal W-Ni alloy, and outer layer is rare-earth Gd2O3Polyethylene composite shielding material, internal layer are disposed adjacent at radioactive source, and outer layer is overlying on internal layer surface.Heavy metal of the present invention-rare earth nano composite shielding material is comprehensive shielded for neutron-gamma field.Heavy metal of the present invention-rare earth nano composite shielding material, it is highly reliable, the shielding properties of traditional shielding material can be effectively improved, space is saved, is suitable for the shieldings such as nuclear ship, mobile radioactive source.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of nuclear radiation protection, and in particular to one heavy metal species-rare earth nano composite shielding material
And its preparation method and application, the nuclear radiation protection suitable for fields such as nuclear ship, packaged type radioactive sources.
Background technique
With the rapid development of nuclear technology, nuclear energy is widely used to the multiple fields such as national defence, industry, medical treatment, nuclear energy
Development and utilization brings huge economic and social benefit, becomes the following indispensable energy.Meanwhile bring radiates
Safety problem is also concerned, and develops effective radiation protection material to reduce ray to greatest extent to the harm of the mankind and compel
The eyebrows and eyelashes.Traditional shielding theory thinks, shield to the shield effectiveness of ray depend primarily on material element composition and density,
The type of ray and energy etc. do not consider the influence of material microstructure.Currently used shielding material is mostly based on above-mentioned
Theoretical Design, such as the relatively low leadwork of price, concrete.Although in the anti-of fixed nuclear reactor, accelerator etc.
Protector for collar domain plays an important role always, but for mobile nuclear power unit, such as nuclear ship, packaged type radiation
Source etc., due to being limited by space, weight, the application of traditional radiation protection material is limited to.Therefore, this special
Occasion needs novel light, efficient radiation protection material.
In recent years, with the rapid development of nanotechnology, application of the nano material in radiation protection field is concerned.Greatly
Quantity research shows that small-size effect, surface and the interfacial effect that nano material has and quantum size effect are able to ascend material pair
The absorption of ray.Nano functional particle has the characteristics that biggish specific surface area, is uniformly dispersed, and can increase to a certain extent
The mechanical property and screening ability of strong material.Therefore, Application of micron is promoted into each of shielding material in shielding material field
Item performance is very necessary.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to places for overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide one heavy metal species-rare earth nano
Composite shielding material can effectively improve the shielding properties of traditional shielding material, be suitable for nuclear ship, mobile radioactive source
Deng shielding.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved by the following technical measures.
One heavy metal species-rare earth nano composite shielding material, the composite shielding material are constituted by inside and outside two layers, and internal layer is
Heavy metal W-Ni alloy, outer layer are rare-earth Gd2O3Polyethylene composite shielding material, internal layer are disposed adjacent at radioactive source, and outer layer is overlying on
Internal layer surface.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, W-Ni alloy density is 19.25 g/cm3。
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, Gd2O3Polyethylene composite shielding material use mass ratio for 1% nanoscale Gd2O3Powder
Last doping is added coupling agent and stirs evenly into high density polyethylene (HDPE), press mold preparation.
The present invention also provides a kind of such as above-mentioned heavy metal-rare earth nano composite shielding material preparation method, spy
Sign be method includes the following steps:
The first step, preparation mass percent are the heavy metal W-Ni alloy of W:Ni:C=90:6:4 as the interior of composite shielding material
Layer；
Second step, by ball mill by rare-earth Gd2O3Particulate abrasive is doped in high density polyethylene (HDPE) at nanometer grade powder, is added
Entering coupling agent, is kneaded, stirs evenly, pressing mold forms after heating, as the outer layer of composite shielding material, wherein Gd2O3Quality accounting
It is 1%；
Inside and outside layer shielding material is coated and fixed molding by stainless steel casing, forms composite shielding body by third step.
Heavy metal of the present invention-rare earth nano composite shielding material is comprehensive shielded for neutron-gamma field.Heavy metal W-
Ni alloy has the ability of energetic gamma rays and slowing down fast neutron in excellent shielding, and the γ for energy higher than 1.5MeV is penetrated
Line, 10 times are weakened the half that thickness is about lead, the region suitable for narrow space；Gd2O3Polyethylene composite shielding material has
Stronger low-energyγ-ray and slow thermal neutron screening ability, it is only necessary to which minute quantity (0.5%) rare earth element, which is added, to be obviously improved
The shielding properties of polythene material.
Heavy metal of the present invention-rare earth nano composite shielding material, it is highly reliable, traditional shielding material can be effectively improved
Shielding properties saves space, is suitable for the shieldings such as nuclear ship, mobile radioactive source.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the present embodiment heavy metal-rare earth nano composite shielding material geometrical model.
Wherein: 1. W-Ni alloys, 2. rare-earth Gds2O3Polyethylene composite shielding material, 3. face sources, 4. detectors.
Fig. 2 is lead and W-Ni alloy to the MCNP analog result of different-energy gamma ray shielding performance, is given when γ agent
Amount reduces the relationship of material thickness and energy required when 90%.
Fig. 3 is the neutron of 1MeV through 10cm rare-earth Gd2O3After the shielding of polyethylene composite shielding material, neutron absorption rate is with dilute
The variation relation of native content.
Fig. 4 is the rare-earth Gd by different content of rare earth2O3After the shielding of polyethylene composite shielding material, energy is in 1ev or less
Thermal neutron shared by specific gravity.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described combined with specific embodiments below.
The present embodiment the preparation method is as follows:
The first step, preparation mass percent are internal layer of the W-Ni alloy of W:Ni:C=90:6:4 as composite shielding material；
Gd2O3 particulate abrasive is doped in high density polyethylene (HDPE) by second step by ball mill at nanometer grade powder, is added even
Join agent, be kneaded, stir evenly, pressing mold forms the outer layer as composite shielding material after heating, wherein Gd2O3Quality accounting is 1%；
Wherein, revolving speed is not less than 300r/min in whipping process, and whipping process continues 60min or more, is heated to during heated die
165 DEG C, be pressurized to 6MPa, keep temperature and pressure 30min ~ 60min；
Inside and outside layer shielding material is coated and fixed molding by stainless steel casing, forms composite shielding body by third step.Wherein, no
The shape of shape, that is, final molding composite shielding body of rust outer steel shell should be designed according to the radioactive source in practical application.
1, the selection of material
In terms of neutron shield: using rare-earth nanometer compound material, adulterate thermal neutron in the higher high density polyethylene (HDPE) of hydrogen content
The excellent nano rare earth element of absorbent properties.Rare earth element is more than ten times higher than boron to the reaction cross-section of thermal neutron, to slow neutron and
The reaction cross-section of intermediate neutron is also higher than the latter, and table 1 gives the thermal neutron absorption cross section and density of a few class rare earth elements and boron
Comparison comprehensively considers selection medium density, the stronger Gd of absorbability2O3。
In terms of gamma ray shielding: replacing having virose lead using W-Ni alloy.Fig. 2 is lead and W-Ni alloy to difference
The MCNP analog result of energy gamma-rays shielding properties gives the material thickness and energy required when γ dosage reduces by 90%
Relationship.
2, the foundation of multilayer screen structural model
Heavy metal-rare earth nano composite shielding material structural model schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1.W-Ni alloy is relatively strong due to having
Middle and high-energy gamma-rays absorbability and Moderation of the fast neutrons ability, be placed in internal layer.Outer layer uses dopen Nano Gd2O3It is highly dense
Spend composite polyethylene material.To have both weight and shield effectiveness, the specific gravity of oxide nano rare earth and the thickness of W-Ni alloy are needed
It to be simulated and be provided according to practical source item.
The thermal neutron absorption cross section and density of table more than 1 class rare earth elements and boron
2 difference Gd of table2O3The neutron shield rate of content (mass fraction) nano combined shielding material
3 difference Gd of table2O3Thermal neutron specific gravity after the nano combined shielding material shielding of content (mass fraction)
The content that this specification is not described in detail belongs to the prior art well known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Above embodiments are used for illustrative purposes only, rather than limitation of the present invention, the technology people in relation to technical field
Member, the various transformation or modification made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention also should be regarded as in guarantor of the invention
Within the scope of shield, limited by each claim.
Claims (5)
1. one heavy metal species-rare earth nano composite shielding material, it is characterised in that: the composite shielding material is by inside and outside two layers of structure
Attach most importance to metal W-Ni alloy at, internal layer, outer layer is rare-earth Gd2O3Polyethylene composite shielding material, internal layer are disposed adjacent to radioactive source
Place, outer layer are overlying on internal layer surface.
2. heavy metal according to claim 1-rare earth nano composite shielding material, it is characterised in that: W-Ni alloy it is close
Degree is 19.25 g/cm3。
3. heavy metal according to claim 1-rare earth nano composite shielding material, it is characterised in that: Gd2O3Polyethylene is multiple
Close shielding material use mass ratio for 1% nanoscale Gd2O3Powder is doped in high density polyethylene (HDPE), and it is equal that coupling agent stirring is added
It is even, press mold preparation.
4. a kind of preparation method of heavy metal as described in claim 1-rare earth nano composite shielding material, it is characterised in that should
Method the following steps are included:
The first step, preparation mass percent are the heavy metal W-Ni alloy of W:Ni:C=90:6:4 as the interior of composite shielding material
Layer；
Second step, by ball mill by Gd2O3Particulate abrasive is doped in high density polyethylene (HDPE) at nanometer grade powder, and coupling is added
Agent is kneaded, stirs evenly, and pressing mold forms after heating, as the outer layer of composite shielding material, wherein Gd2O3Quality accounting is 1%；
Inside and outside layer shielding material is coated and fixed molding by stainless steel casing, forms composite shielding body by third step.
5. a kind of application of heavy metal as described in claim 1-rare earth nano composite shielding material, it is characterised in that: this is heavy
The nano combined shielding material of metal-rare earth is suitable for the comprehensive shielded of neutron-gamma field.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111757585A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-09 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Self-shielding body for RI manufacturing apparatus |
| CN113214558A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-06 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | High-use-temperature accident-condition-resistant anti-irradiation material and preparation method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111757585A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-09 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Self-shielding body for RI manufacturing apparatus |
| CN113214558A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-06 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | High-use-temperature accident-condition-resistant anti-irradiation material and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190301 |