CN110371156B - Shock absorber with friction damper for train - Google Patents
Shock absorber with friction damper for train Download PDFInfo
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- CN110371156B CN110371156B CN201910379332.8A CN201910379332A CN110371156B CN 110371156 B CN110371156 B CN 110371156B CN 201910379332 A CN201910379332 A CN 201910379332A CN 110371156 B CN110371156 B CN 110371156B
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- plate
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- supporting
- trapezoidal guide
- friction plate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G11/00—Buffers
- B61G11/14—Buffers absorbing shocks by mechanical friction action; Combinations of mechanical shock-absorbers and springs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of shock absorbers, and particularly relates to a shock absorber with a friction damper for a train, which comprises a first telescopic rod, a first supporting plate, a fixing plate, a second supporting plate, a third supporting plate, a fourth supporting plate, a traveling wheel and a bottom plate, wherein when the shock absorber is used, the traveling wheel on the train can jump upwards when contacting with an obstacle in the rotating process in the running process of the train; the walking wheels can drive the sliding supporting plate to jump upwards through the corresponding supporting shafts when jumping upwards; the upward jumping of the sliding support plate can cause the friction between the first friction plate and the second friction plate; the third friction plate and the two corresponding friction blocks are rubbed; the upward moving speed of the first mounting block and the second mounting block can be buffered through the friction; i.e. by which the bouncing of the road wheels is damped.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of shock absorbers, and particularly relates to a shock absorber with a friction damper and used for a train.
Background
The damping system of the current automobile is composed of a spring and a damper. The shock absorber is not intended to support the weight of the vehicle body, but rather to dampen the shock of the spring as it bounces after absorbing shock and to absorb the energy of the road impact. The spring plays a role in relieving impact, changes 'one-time impact with large energy' into 'multiple-time impact with small energy', and the shock absorber gradually reduces 'multiple-time impact with small energy'. If you drive a car whose shock absorber has been broken, you can feel the bouncing of the car through each pit hole and the undulated afterwave, and the shock absorber is used to restrain the bouncing. The rebound of the spring cannot be controlled without the shock absorber, the automobile can generate serious bounce when encountering a rugged road, and the tire can lose the grip force and the tracking property due to the up-and-down vibration of the spring when passing a curve. The common shock absorber cannot absorb all the shock generated when the spring rebounds after absorbing shock and the shock of the absorption road surface at one time; therefore, it is necessary to design a shock absorber with better shock absorption effect.
The invention designs a shock absorber with a friction damper for a train to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a shock absorber with a friction damper for a train, which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
The utility model provides a take shock absorber that is used for on train of frictional force attenuator which characterized in that: the device comprises a first telescopic rod, a first supporting plate, a fixing plate, a second supporting plate, a third supporting plate, a fourth supporting plate, a traveling wheel, a supporting shaft, a second telescopic rod, a bottom plate, a second compression spring, a third compression spring, a sliding supporting plate, a first trapezoidal guide block, a second trapezoidal guide groove, a second spring fixing plate, a first mounting block, a third trapezoidal guide block, a second friction plate, a second trapezoidal guide block, a second mounting block, a third friction plate, a fourth friction plate, an avoiding square groove, a friction block, a plate spring, a fourth telescopic rod, a connecting plate, a supporting rotating shaft, a square notch, a square connecting plate and a connecting lug, wherein the fixing plate is mounted on a base support of a train; the bottom plate is arranged on the lower side of the fixed plate through two first telescopic rods, and the two first telescopic rods are respectively positioned at two ends of the bottom plate; two symmetrical second trapezoidal guide grooves are formed in the upper side face of the sliding support plate; the second spring fixing plate is arranged on the upper side surface of one end of the sliding support plate; the first trapezoidal guide block is arranged on the lower side of the sliding support plate; the sliding support plate is mounted on the base plate.
The four supporting shafts are uniformly arranged on the side surface of the sliding supporting plate; the traveling wheels are arranged on the four supporting shafts; the second installation block is provided with a second trapezoidal guide block; the second mounting block is mounted on the sliding support plate and far away from the second spring fixing plate through the matching of the second trapezoidal guide block and one of the two second trapezoidal guide grooves formed in the sliding support plate; one end of the third supporting plate is arranged at one end of the second mounting block; the fourth friction plate is arranged at the other end of the third support plate; two avoidance square grooves which are symmetrically distributed are formed in the side surface of the third friction plate; the third friction plate is arranged on the fourth friction plate; one end of the first supporting plate is provided with a connecting lug; the other end of the first supporting plate is arranged at the lower side of the fixed plate; one end of the square connecting plate is provided with a square notch; the supporting rotating shaft is arranged on two side surfaces of the square notch; the square connecting plate is arranged on the first supporting plate through the matching of the supporting rotating shaft and the connecting support lug; a plate spring is arranged between the first supporting plate and the square connecting plate; one ends of the two connecting plates are symmetrically arranged at the other end of the square connecting plate; the two friction blocks are respectively arranged at the other ends of the two connecting plates; the two friction blocks are respectively matched with the avoidance square grooves formed in the third friction plate, the fourth friction plate and the third friction plate.
The third trapezoidal guide block is arranged on the first mounting block; the first mounting block is mounted on the sliding support plate and close to the second spring fixing plate through the matching of the third trapezoidal guide block and the other second trapezoidal guide groove of the two second trapezoidal guide grooves formed in the sliding support plate; one end of the fourth supporting plate is arranged on the first mounting block; a second telescopic rod is arranged between the fourth supporting plate and the third supporting plate; the third compression spring is arranged between the fourth supporting plate and the third supporting plate; the third compression spring is nested outside the second telescopic rod; a fourth telescopic rod is arranged between the fourth supporting plate and the second spring fixing plate; a second compression spring is arranged between the fourth supporting plate and the second spring fixing plate; the second compression spring is nested outside the fourth telescopic rod; the first friction plate is arranged on the fourth supporting plate; one end of the second supporting plate is arranged at the lower side of the fixed plate; the second friction plate is arranged on the second support plate; the second friction plate is engaged with the first friction plate.
As a further improvement of the technology, when the travelling wheels are in contact with the obstacle in the rotating process and the obstacle is small, the jumping amplitude of the travelling wheels is small, and the friction resistance between the first friction plate and the second friction plate has small buffer effect on the sliding support plate; the jumping of the sliding support plate is mainly buffered by the friction generated between the two friction blocks and the third friction plate; when the travelling wheels are in contact with the obstacle in the rotating process and the obstacle is large, the jumping amplitude of the travelling wheels is large, and the jumping of the travelling wheels is buffered through the friction between the third friction plate and the fourth friction plate and the two friction blocks and the friction between the first friction plate and the second friction plate.
As a further improvement of the technology, the upper side surface of the bottom plate is provided with a first trapezoidal guide groove; the first spring fixing plate is arranged on the upper side surface of one end of the bottom plate; the bottom plate is arranged on the lower side of the fixed plate through two first telescopic rods, and the two first telescopic rods are respectively positioned at two ends of the bottom plate; the first spring fixing plate is positioned between the two corresponding first telescopic rods; the sliding support plate is arranged on the bottom plate through the matching of the first trapezoidal guide block and the first trapezoidal guide groove; the second spring fixing plate is close to the first spring fixing plate; a third telescopic rod is arranged between the first spring fixing plate and the second spring fixing plate; a first compression spring is nested and installed on the outer side of the third telescopic rod; two ends of the first compression spring are respectively arranged on the first spring fixing plate and the second spring fixing plate.
As a further improvement of the present technology, an included angle of 60 degrees is formed between the fourth friction plate and the third support plate; the third friction plate and the third support plate form an included angle of 30 degrees. The function of the device is to adapt to the jumping amplitude of the road wheels through different angles between the third friction plate and the third support plate and between the fourth friction plate and the third support plate.
As a further improvement of the technology, one end of the friction block is arc-shaped; the arc-shaped end of the friction block is matched with the avoidance square groove formed in the third friction plate. The function of which is to prevent the friction block from interfering with the third friction plate during the recovery process.
The fixed plate is arranged on a base bracket of a train; the bottom plate is arranged on the lower side of the fixed plate through two first telescopic rods; the second spring fixing plate is arranged on the upper side surface of one end of the sliding support plate; the first trapezoidal guide block is arranged on the lower side of the sliding support plate; the sliding support plate is arranged on the bottom plate; the second spring retaining plate is adjacent to the first spring retaining plate. The four supporting shafts are uniformly arranged on the side surface of the sliding supporting plate; the traveling wheels are arranged on the four supporting shafts; the second installation block is provided with a second trapezoidal guide block; the second mounting block is mounted on the sliding support plate through the matching of the second trapezoidal guide block and a second trapezoidal guide groove formed in the sliding support plate; one end of the third supporting plate is arranged at one end of the second mounting block; the fourth friction plate is arranged at the other end of the third support plate; the third friction plate is arranged on the fourth friction plate; the other end of the first supporting plate is arranged at the lower side of the fixed plate; the supporting rotating shaft is arranged on two side surfaces of the square notch; the square connecting plate is arranged on the first supporting plate through the matching of the supporting rotating shaft and the connecting support lug; a plate spring is arranged between the first supporting plate and the square connecting plate; one ends of the two connecting plates are symmetrically arranged at the other end of the square connecting plate; the two friction blocks are respectively arranged at the other ends of the two connecting plates; the two friction blocks are respectively matched with the avoidance square grooves formed in the third friction plate, the fourth friction plate and the third friction plate. The first mounting block is mounted on the sliding support plate through the matching of the third trapezoidal guide block and a second trapezoidal guide groove formed in the sliding support plate; one end of the fourth supporting plate is arranged on the first mounting block; a second telescopic rod is arranged between the fourth supporting plate and the third supporting plate; the third compression spring is arranged between the fourth supporting plate and the third supporting plate; a fourth telescopic rod is arranged between the fourth supporting plate and the second spring fixing plate; a second compression spring is arranged between the fourth supporting plate and the second spring fixing plate; the first friction plate is arranged on the fourth supporting plate; one end of the second supporting plate is arranged at the lower side of the fixed plate; the second friction plate is arranged on the second support plate; the second friction plate is engaged with the first friction plate. The upper side surface of the bottom plate is provided with a first trapezoidal guide groove; the first spring fixing plate is arranged on the upper side surface of one end of the bottom plate; the bottom plate is arranged on the lower side of the fixed plate through two first telescopic rods, and the two first telescopic rods are respectively positioned at two ends of the bottom plate; the first spring fixing plate is positioned between the two corresponding first telescopic rods; two symmetrical second trapezoidal guide grooves are formed in the upper side face of the sliding support plate; the second spring fixing plate is arranged on the upper side surface of one end of the sliding support plate; the sliding support plate is arranged on the bottom plate through the matching of the first trapezoidal guide block and the first trapezoidal guide groove; the second spring fixing plate is close to the first spring fixing plate; a third telescopic rod is arranged between the first spring fixing plate and the second spring fixing plate; a first compression spring is nested and installed on the outer side of the third telescopic rod; two ends of the first compression spring are respectively arranged on the first spring fixing plate and the second spring fixing plate. When the travelling wheels are contacted with the obstacles in the rotating process, the travelling wheels can jump upwards; the walking wheels can drive the sliding supporting plate to jump upwards through the corresponding supporting shafts when jumping upwards; the sliding support plate can drive the bottom plate to move upwards when jumping upwards; the sliding support plate jumps upwards, and on the other hand, the sliding support plate drives the first mounting block and the second mounting block to move upwards; the first mounting block moves upwards to drive the fourth supporting plate to move upwards; the fourth supporting plate moves upwards to drive the first friction plate to move upwards; the second friction plate is obliquely matched with the first friction plate; the second friction plate is arranged on the lower side of the fixed plate through a second supporting plate; therefore, when the first friction plate moves upwards, the second friction plate and the first friction plate act; the first friction plate moves along the corresponding second trapezoidal guide groove towards the side provided with the third support plate; friction occurs between the first friction plate and the second friction plate in the process that the first friction plate moves towards the side where the third support plate is installed; the upward moving speed of the first mounting block can be buffered through the friction; the jumping of the travelling wheels is buffered through the friction between the first friction plate and the second friction plate; when the second mounting block moves upwards, the second mounting block can drive the third supporting plate to move upwards; the third support plate moves upwards to drive the fourth friction plate to move upwards; the fourth friction plate moves upwards to drive the third friction plate to move upwards; one end of the first supporting plate is arranged at the lower side of the fixed plate; the square connecting plate is arranged on the first supporting plate through the matching of the supporting rotating shaft and the connecting support lug; a plate spring is arranged between the first supporting plate and the square connecting plate; one ends of the two connecting plates are symmetrically arranged at the other end of the square connecting plate; one end of the friction block is arc-shaped; the two friction blocks are respectively arranged at the other ends of the two connecting plates; the two friction blocks are respectively matched with the avoidance square grooves formed in the third friction plate, the fourth friction plate and the third friction plate; when the third friction plate moves upwards, the third friction plate is matched with the two friction blocks; the third friction plate moves towards the side provided with the fourth support plate and along the second trapezoidal guide groove; the third friction plate moves to rub the two friction blocks; the upward moving speed of the second mounting block can be buffered through the friction; the bounce of the road wheels is buffered by the friction between the third friction plate and the two friction blocks.
In the invention, under the action of the second compression spring, the friction resistance between the first friction plate and the second friction plate is smaller; when the travelling wheels are in contact with the obstacle in the rotating process and the obstacle is small, the jumping amplitude of the travelling wheels is small, and the friction resistance between the first friction plate and the second friction plate has small buffering effect on the sliding support plate; the jumping of the sliding support plate is mainly buffered by the friction generated between the two friction blocks and the third friction plate; when the travelling wheels are in contact with the obstacle in the rotating process and the obstacle is large, the jumping amplitude of the travelling wheels is large, and the sliding support plate moves relative to the bottom plate to drive the first mounting block to move in the process that the obstacle extrudes the travelling wheels; the first mounting block moves to drive the fourth supporting plate to move; the fourth support plate moves to drive the first friction plate to move; the friction strength between the first friction plate and the second friction plate is increased; when the walking wheel contacts with a large obstacle in the rotating process, the speed of the first mounting block moving upwards when the walking wheel contacts with the large obstacle in the rotating process is buffered through the friction with large strength between the first friction plate and the second friction plate; the jumping of the travelling wheels is buffered through the friction between the first friction plate and the second friction plate; when the travelling wheels are in contact with the obstacle in the rotating process and the obstacle is large, the jumping amplitude of the travelling wheels is large, and at the moment, the second mounting blocks drive the third supporting plate to move upwards to a large extent; the third support plate moves upwards to drive the fourth friction plate to move upwards in a larger range; the fourth friction plate drives the third friction plate to move upwards with a larger amplitude; when the third friction plate moves upwards, the third friction plate is matched with the two friction blocks; the third friction plate moves along the second trapezoidal guide groove towards one side of the fourth support plate; the third friction plate moves to rub the two friction blocks; the upward moving speed of the second mounting block can be buffered through the friction; but the fourth friction plate drives the third friction plate to move upwards with a larger amplitude; therefore, in the process that the third friction plate moves towards one side of the fourth support plate, the two friction blocks are gradually separated from the third friction plate and then are contacted with the fourth friction plate to rub the fourth friction plate; the upward moving speed of the second mounting block can be buffered through the friction; the bounce of the road wheels is buffered by the friction between the third friction plate and the fourth friction plate and the two friction blocks.
The plate spring has the function that when the angle between the first supporting plate and the square connecting plate changes, the first supporting plate and the square connecting plate can be restored to the initial state through the plate spring; the second compression spring has the function of ensuring that a small friction strength is kept between the first friction plate and the second friction plate in an initial state; when the walking wheel passes through a small obstacle, the jumping of the walking wheel is buffered mainly by the friction between the two friction blocks and the third friction plate; the two avoidance square grooves formed in the third friction plate have the function of preventing the two friction blocks from interfering with the third friction plate when the two friction blocks move from being in contact with the third friction plate to being in contact with the fourth friction plate.
Compared with the traditional damper technology, the damper designed by the invention utilizes friction to increase the upward moving speed of the first mounting block and the second mounting block; the jumping of the travelling wheels is buffered through friction; namely, the damping effect is achieved through friction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an external view of an entire part.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall component distribution.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the mounting of the base plate.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the bottom plate structure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the sliding support plate construction.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the second trapezoidal channel arrangement.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the mounting of the sliding support plate.
Fig. 8 is a road wheel mounting schematic.
Fig. 9 is a supporting shaft mounting schematic view.
Fig. 10 is a first mounting block mounting schematic.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a second friction plate construction.
Fig. 12 is a second mounting block mounting schematic.
FIG. 13 is a second trapezoidal guide block installation schematic.
Figure 14 is a leaf spring installation schematic.
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the friction block installation.
Fig. 16 is a schematic view of the support shaft mounting.
Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the attachment lug installation.
Number designation in the figures: 1. a first telescopic rod; 2. a first support plate; 3. a fixing plate; 4. a second support plate; 5. a third support plate; 6. a fourth support plate; 7. a traveling wheel; 8. a support shaft; 9. a second telescopic rod; 10. a third telescopic rod; 11. a base plate; 12. a first compression spring; 13. a second compression spring; 14. a third compression spring; 15. a sliding support plate; 16. a first trapezoidal guide groove; 17. a first spring fixing plate; 18. a first trapezoidal guide block; 19. a second trapezoidal guide groove; 20. a second spring fixing plate; 21. a first friction plate; 22. a first mounting block; 23. a third trapezoidal guide block; 24. a second friction plate; 25. a second trapezoidal guide block; 26. a second mounting block; 27. a third friction plate; 28. a fourth friction plate; 29. avoiding a square groove; 30. a friction block; 31. a plate spring; 32. a fourth telescopic rod; 33. a connecting plate; 34. a support shaft; 35. a square notch; 36. a square connecting plate; 37. and connecting the support lug.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device comprises a first telescopic rod 1, a first support plate 2, a fixed plate 3, a second support plate 4, a third support plate 5, a fourth support plate 6, a traveling wheel 7, a support shaft 8, a second telescopic rod 9, a bottom plate 11, a second compression spring 13, a third compression spring 14, a sliding support plate 15, a first trapezoidal guide block 18, a second trapezoidal guide groove 19, a second spring fixed plate 20, a first mounting block 22, a third trapezoidal guide block 23, a second friction plate 24, a second trapezoidal guide block 25, a second mounting block 26, a third friction plate 27, a fourth friction plate 28, an avoiding square groove 29, a friction block 30, a plate spring 31, a fourth telescopic rod 32, a connecting plate 33, a support rotating shaft 34, a square notch 35, a square connecting plate 36 and a connecting lug 37, wherein the fixed plate 3 is mounted on a base bracket of a train; as shown in fig. 1, a bottom plate 11 is installed at the lower side of a fixed plate 3 through two first telescopic rods 1, and the two first telescopic rods 1 are respectively located at two ends of the bottom plate 11; as shown in fig. 5 and 6, two second trapezoidal guide grooves 19 are symmetrically formed on the upper side surface of the sliding support plate 15; a second spring fixing plate 20 is installed on an upper side of one end of the sliding support plate 15; a first trapezoidal guide block 18 is installed at the lower side of the sliding support plate 15; as shown in fig. 7, the slide support plate 15 is mounted on the base plate 11.
As shown in fig. 9, four support shafts 8 are uniformly mounted on the side surfaces of the slide support plate 15; as shown in fig. 8, the traveling wheels 7 are mounted on four support shafts 8; as shown in fig. 13, the second trapezoidal guide 25 is mounted on the second mounting block 26; as shown in fig. 3 and 12, the second mounting block 26 is mounted on the sliding support plate 15 and away from the second spring fixing plate 20 by the cooperation of the second guiding block 25 and one 19 of the two second guiding grooves 19 opened on the sliding support plate 15; as shown in fig. 12, one end of the third support plate 5 is mounted on one end of the second mounting block 26; a fourth friction plate 28 is installed at the other end of the third support plate 5; two avoidance square grooves 29 which are symmetrically distributed are formed in the side surface of the third friction plate 27; the third friction plate 27 is mounted on the fourth friction plate 28; as shown in fig. 17, a connection lug 37 is mounted at one end of the first support plate 2; as shown in fig. 1, the other end of the first support plate 2 is mounted on the lower side of the fixing plate 3; as shown in fig. 16, one end of the square connecting plate 36 is provided with a square notch 35; the supporting rotating shaft 34 is arranged on two side surfaces of the square notch 35; the square connecting plate 36 is arranged on the first supporting plate 2 through the matching of the supporting rotating shaft 34 and the connecting lug 37; as shown in fig. 15, a plate spring 31 is installed between the first support plate 2 and the square connection plate 36; as shown in fig. 16, one ends of the two connection plates 33 are symmetrically mounted on the other end of the square connection plate 36; the two friction blocks 30 are respectively arranged at the other ends of the two connecting plates 33; as shown in fig. 14, the two friction blocks 30 are engaged with the escape square grooves 29 formed in the third friction plate 27, the fourth friction plate 28, and the third friction plate 27, respectively.
As shown in fig. 11, the third trapezoidal guide block 23 is mounted on the first mounting block 22; as shown in fig. 10, the first mounting block 22 is mounted on the sliding support plate 15 and close to the second spring fixing plate 20 by the cooperation of the third trapezoidal guide block 23 and the other second trapezoidal guide groove 19 of the two second trapezoidal guide grooves 19 opened on the sliding support plate 15; one end of the fourth support plate 6 is mounted on the first mounting block 22; as shown in fig. 3, a second telescopic rod 9 is installed between the fourth supporting plate 6 and the third supporting plate 5; the third compression spring 14 is installed between the fourth support plate 6 and the third support plate 5; the third compression spring 14 is nested outside the second telescopic rod 9; a fourth telescopic rod 32 is arranged between the fourth supporting plate 6 and the second spring fixing plate 20; a second compression spring 13 is arranged between the fourth supporting plate 6 and the second spring fixing plate 20; the second compression spring 13 is nested outside the fourth telescopic rod 32; as shown in fig. 11, the first friction plate 21 is mounted on the fourth support plate 6; one end of the second supporting plate 4 is installed at the lower side of the fixing plate 3; the second friction plate 24 is mounted on the second support plate 4; the second friction plate 24 is engaged with the first friction plate 21.
When the walking wheels 7 are in contact with an obstacle in the rotating process and the obstacle is small, the jumping amplitude of the walking wheels 7 is small, and the buffer effect of the friction resistance between the first friction plate 21 and the second friction plate 24 on the sliding support plate 15 is small; the runout of the slide support plate 15 is mainly buffered by the friction generated between the two friction blocks 30 and the third friction plate 27; when the road wheels 7 contact with an obstacle in the rotation process and the obstacle is large, the jumping amplitude of the road wheels 7 is large, and the jumping of the road wheels 7 is buffered by the friction between the third friction plate 27 and the fourth friction plate 28 and the two friction blocks 30 and the friction between the first friction plate 21 and the second friction plate 24.
As shown in fig. 4, the upper side of the bottom plate 11 is provided with a first trapezoidal guide groove 16; a first spring fixing plate 17 is installed on an upper side of one end of the base plate 11; the bottom plate 11 is arranged at the lower side of the fixed plate 3 through two first telescopic rods 1, and the two first telescopic rods 1 are respectively positioned at two ends of the bottom plate 11; the first spring fixing plate 17 is positioned between the two corresponding first telescopic rods 1; as shown in fig. 7, the sliding support plate 15 is mounted on the base plate 11 by the cooperation of the first trapezoidal guide block 18 and the first trapezoidal guide groove 16; the second spring retaining plate 20 is adjacent to the first spring retaining plate 17; a third telescopic rod 10 is arranged between the first spring fixing plate 17 and the second spring fixing plate 20; a first compression spring 12 is nested and installed on the outer side of the third telescopic rod 10; both ends of the first compression spring 12 are mounted on the first spring fixing plate 17 and the second spring fixing plate 20, respectively.
The fourth friction plate 28 and the third support plate 5 form an included angle of 60 degrees; the third friction plate 27 is at an angle of 30 degrees to the third support plate 5. The function of the friction plate is to adapt the jumping amplitude of the road wheels 7 through different angles between the third friction plate 27 and the fourth friction plate 28 and the third support plate 5.
One end of the friction block 30 is arc-shaped; the arc-shaped end of the friction block 30 is engaged with the avoiding square groove 29 formed on the third friction plate 27. The function of which is to prevent the friction block 30 from interfering with the third friction plate 27 during the recovery process.
In summary, the following steps:
the shock absorber designed by the invention utilizes friction to increase the upward moving speed of the first mounting block 22 and the second mounting block 26; the jumping of the travelling wheels 7 is buffered through friction; namely, the damping effect is achieved through friction.
In the invention, a fixed plate 3 is arranged on a base bracket of a train; the bottom plate 11 is arranged at the lower side of the fixed plate 3 through two first telescopic rods 1; a second spring fixing plate 20 is installed on an upper side of one end of the sliding support plate 15; a first trapezoidal guide block 18 is installed at the lower side of the sliding support plate 15; the sliding support plate 15 is mounted on the bottom plate 11; the second spring retaining plate 20 is adjacent the first spring retaining plate 17. Four support shafts 8 are uniformly installed on the side of the sliding support plate 15; the traveling wheels 7 are arranged on four supporting shafts 8; the second trapezoidal guide block 25 is arranged on the second mounting block 26; the second mounting block 26 is mounted on the sliding support plate 15 through the cooperation of the second trapezoidal guide block 25 and the second trapezoidal guide groove 19 formed on the sliding support plate 15; one end of the third support plate 5 is mounted to one end of the second mounting block 26; a fourth friction plate 28 is installed at the other end of the third support plate 5; the third friction plate 27 is mounted on the fourth friction plate 28; the other end of the first supporting plate 2 is arranged at the lower side of the fixed plate 3; the supporting rotating shaft 34 is arranged on two side surfaces of the square notch 35; the square connecting plate 36 is arranged on the first supporting plate 2 through the matching of the supporting rotating shaft 34 and the connecting lug 37; a plate spring 31 is arranged between the first support plate 2 and the square connecting plate 36; one ends of the two connecting plates 33 are symmetrically arranged at the other end of the square connecting plate 36; the two friction blocks 30 are respectively arranged at the other ends of the two connecting plates 33; the two friction blocks 30 are respectively matched with the avoidance square grooves 29 formed on the third friction plate 27, the fourth friction plate 28 and the third friction plate 27. The first mounting block 22 is mounted on the sliding support plate 15 through the cooperation of the third trapezoidal guide block 23 and the second trapezoidal guide groove 19 formed on the sliding support plate 15; one end of the fourth support plate 6 is mounted on the first mounting block 22; a second telescopic rod 9 is arranged between the fourth supporting plate 6 and the third supporting plate 5; the third compression spring 14 is installed between the fourth support plate 6 and the third support plate 5; a fourth telescopic rod 32 is arranged between the fourth supporting plate 6 and the second spring fixing plate 20; a second compression spring 13 is arranged between the fourth supporting plate 6 and the second spring fixing plate 20; the first friction plate 21 is mounted on the fourth support plate 6; one end of the second supporting plate 4 is installed at the lower side of the fixing plate 3; the second friction plate 24 is mounted on the second support plate 4; the second friction plate 24 is engaged with the first friction plate 21. In the invention, a first trapezoidal guide groove 16 is formed on the upper side surface of a bottom plate 11; a first spring fixing plate 17 is installed on an upper side of one end of the base plate 11; the bottom plate 11 is arranged at the lower side of the fixed plate 3 through two first telescopic rods 1, and the two first telescopic rods 1 are respectively positioned at two ends of the bottom plate 11; the first spring fixing plate 17 is positioned between the two corresponding first telescopic rods 1; two symmetrical second trapezoidal guide grooves 19 are formed in the upper side face of the sliding support plate 15; a second spring fixing plate 20 is installed on an upper side of one end of the sliding support plate 15; the sliding support plate 15 is arranged on the bottom plate 11 through the matching of the first trapezoid guide block 18 and the first trapezoid guide groove 16; the second spring retaining plate 20 is adjacent to the first spring retaining plate 17; a third telescopic rod 10 is arranged between the first spring fixing plate 17 and the second spring fixing plate 20; a first compression spring 12 is nested and installed on the outer side of the third telescopic rod 10; both ends of the first compression spring 12 are mounted on the first spring fixing plate 17 and the second spring fixing plate 20, respectively. When the travelling wheels 7 are contacted with obstacles in the rotating process, the travelling wheels 7 can jump upwards; the walking wheels 7 can drive the sliding support plates 15 to jump upwards through the corresponding support shafts 8 when jumping upwards; the upward jumping of the sliding support plate 15 will drive the bottom plate 11 to move upward; the upward jumping of the sliding support plate 15 on the other hand drives the first mounting block 22 and the second mounting block 26 to move upward; the upward movement of the first mounting block 22 drives the fourth supporting plate 6 to move upward; the upward movement of the fourth supporting plate 6 drives the first friction plate 21 to move upward; since the second friction plate 24 is obliquely fitted with the first friction plate 21; the second friction plate 24 is mounted on the lower side of the fixed plate 3 through the second support plate 4; therefore, when the first friction plate 21 moves upward, the second friction plate 24 and the first friction plate 21 act; the first friction plate 21 is moved along the corresponding second trapezoidal guide groove 19 toward the side where the third support plate 5 is mounted; friction occurs between the first friction plate 21 and the second friction plate 24 during the movement of the first friction plate 21 toward the side where the third support plate 5 is mounted; the speed at which the first mounting block 22 moves upward can be buffered by this friction; that is, the bounce of the road wheels 7 is buffered by the friction between the first friction plate 21 and the second friction plate 24; when the second mounting block 26 moves upwards, the second mounting block 26 drives the third support plate 5 to move upwards; the upward movement of the third supporting plate 5 drives the upward movement of the fourth friction plate 28; the fourth friction plate 28 moves upward to drive the third friction plate 27 to move upward; one end of the first supporting plate 2 is arranged at the lower side of the fixing plate 3; the square connecting plate 36 is arranged on the first supporting plate 2 through the matching of the supporting rotating shaft 34 and the connecting lug 37; a plate spring 31 is arranged between the first support plate 2 and the square connecting plate 36; one ends of the two connecting plates 33 are symmetrically arranged at the other end of the square connecting plate 36; one end of the friction block 30 is arc-shaped; the two friction blocks 30 are respectively arranged at the other ends of the two connecting plates 33; the two friction blocks 30 are respectively matched with the avoidance square grooves 29 formed on the third friction plate 27, the fourth friction plate 28 and the third friction plate 27; when the third friction plate 27 is moved upward, under the engagement of the third friction plate 27 with the two friction blocks 30; the third friction plate 27 is moved toward the side where the fourth support plate 6 is mounted and along the second trapezoidal guide groove 19; the third friction plate 27 moves to rub the two friction blocks 30; the speed at which the second mounting block 26 moves upward can be damped by the friction; that is, the bounce of the road wheels 7 is buffered by the friction between the third friction plate 27 and the two friction blocks 30.
In the invention, under the action of the second compression spring 13, the friction resistance between the first friction plate 21 and the second friction plate 24 is small; when the walking wheels 7 are in contact with an obstacle in the rotating process and the obstacle is small, the jumping amplitude of the walking wheels 7 is small, and the buffer effect of the friction resistance between the first friction plate 21 and the second friction plate 24 on the sliding support plate 15 is small; the runout of the slide support plate 15 is mainly buffered by the friction generated between the two friction blocks 30 and the third friction plate 27; when the walking wheels 7 are in contact with an obstacle in the rotating process and the obstacle is large, the jumping amplitude of the walking wheels 7 is large, and the sliding support plate 15 moves relative to the bottom plate 11 to drive the first mounting block 22 to move in the process that the obstacle extrudes the walking wheels 7; the first mounting block 22 moves to drive the fourth supporting plate 6 to move; the fourth supporting plate 6 moves to drive the first friction plate 21 to move; the friction strength between the first friction plate 21 and the second friction plate 24 is increased; when the walking wheel 7 contacts with a large obstacle in the rotation process, the speed of the first mounting block 22 moving upwards when the walking wheel 7 contacts with the large obstacle in the rotation process is buffered through the friction with high strength between the first friction plate 21 and the second friction plate 24; that is, the bounce of the road wheels 7 is buffered by the friction between the first friction plate 21 and the second friction plate 24; when the travelling wheels 7 are in contact with the obstacle in the rotating process and the obstacle is large, the jumping amplitude of the travelling wheels 7 is large, and at the moment, the second mounting blocks 26 drive the third support plate 5 to move upwards in a large amplitude; the third support plate 5 moves upwards to drive the fourth friction plate 28 to move upwards in a larger range; the fourth friction plate 28 drives the third friction plate 27 to move upwards with a large amplitude; when the third friction plate 27 is moved upward, under the engagement of the third friction plate 27 with the two friction blocks 30; the third friction plate 27 moves along the second trapezoidal guide groove 19 toward the fourth support plate 6 side; the third friction plate 27 moves to rub the two friction blocks 30; the speed at which the second mounting block 26 moves upward can be damped by the friction; but the amplitude of the upward movement of the third friction plate 27 is large due to the fourth friction plate 28; so that the two friction blocks 30 are gradually separated from the third friction plate 27 and then come into contact with the fourth friction plate 28 and rub against the fourth friction plate 28 during the movement of the third friction plate 27 toward the fourth support plate 6 side; the speed at which the second mounting block 26 moves upward can be damped by the friction; that is, the bounce of the road wheels 7 is buffered by the friction between the third and fourth friction plates 27 and 28 and the two friction blocks 30.
The plate spring 31 in the invention has the function that when the angle between the first support plate 2 and the square connecting plate 36 changes, the first support plate 2 and the square connecting plate 36 can be restored to the initial state through the plate spring 31; the second compression spring 13 of the present invention is used to ensure a small friction strength between the first friction plate 21 and the second friction plate 24 in the initial state; when the travelling wheels 7 pass through a small obstacle, the jumping of the walking wheels 7 is buffered mainly by the friction between the two friction blocks 30 and the third friction plate 27; the two relief grooves 29 formed in the third friction plate 27 of the present invention prevent the two friction blocks 30 from interfering with the third friction plate 27 when the two friction blocks 30 move from contacting the third friction plate 27 to contacting the fourth friction plate 28.
The specific implementation mode is as follows: when the shock absorber designed by the invention is used, the walking wheels 7 can jump upwards when the walking wheels 7 are in contact with obstacles in the running process of a train; the walking wheels 7 can drive the sliding support plates 15 to jump upwards through the corresponding support shafts 8 when jumping upwards; the upward jumping of the sliding support plate 15 will drive the bottom plate 11 to move upward; the upward jumping of the sliding support plate 15 on the other hand drives the first mounting block 22 and the second mounting block 26 to move upward; the upward movement of the first mounting block 22 drives the fourth supporting plate 6 to move upward; the upward movement of the fourth supporting plate 6 drives the first friction plate 21 to move upward; when the first friction plate 21 moves upwards, under the action of the second friction plate 24 and the first friction plate 21; the first friction plate 21 is moved along the corresponding second trapezoidal guide groove 19 toward the side where the third support plate 5 is mounted; friction occurs between the first friction plate 21 and the second friction plate 24 during the movement of the first friction plate 21 toward the side where the third support plate 5 is mounted; the speed at which the first mounting block 22 moves upward can be buffered by this friction; that is, the bounce of the road wheels 7 is buffered by the friction between the first friction plate 21 and the second friction plate 24; when the second mounting block 26 moves upwards, the second mounting block 26 drives the third support plate 5 to move upwards; the upward movement of the third supporting plate 5 drives the upward movement of the fourth friction plate 28; the fourth friction plate 28 moves upward to drive the third friction plate 27 to move upward; when the third friction plate 27 moves upwards, under the cooperation of the third friction plate 27 and the two friction blocks 30; the third friction plate 27 is moved toward the side where the fourth support plate 6 is mounted and along the second trapezoidal guide groove 19; the third friction plate 27 moves to rub the two friction blocks 30; the speed at which the second mounting block 26 moves upward can be damped by the friction; that is, the bounce of the road wheels 7 is buffered by the friction between the third friction plate 27 and the two friction blocks 30.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a take shock absorber that is used for on train of frictional force attenuator which characterized in that: the device comprises a first telescopic rod, a first supporting plate, a fixing plate, a second supporting plate, a third supporting plate, a fourth supporting plate, a traveling wheel, a supporting shaft, a second telescopic rod, a bottom plate, a second compression spring, a third compression spring, a sliding supporting plate, a first trapezoidal guide block, a second trapezoidal guide groove, a second spring fixing plate, a first mounting block, a third trapezoidal guide block, a second friction plate, a second trapezoidal guide block, a second mounting block, a third friction plate, a fourth friction plate, an avoiding square groove, a friction block, a plate spring, a fourth telescopic rod, a connecting plate, a supporting rotating shaft, a square notch, a square connecting plate and a connecting lug, wherein the fixing plate is mounted on a base support of a train; two symmetrical second trapezoidal guide grooves are formed in the upper side face of the sliding support plate; the second spring fixing plate is arranged on the upper side surface of one end of the sliding support plate; the first trapezoidal guide block is arranged on the lower side of the sliding support plate; the sliding support plate is arranged on the bottom plate;
the four supporting shafts are uniformly arranged on the side surface of the sliding supporting plate; the traveling wheels are arranged on the four supporting shafts; the second installation block is provided with a second trapezoidal guide block; the second mounting block is mounted on the sliding support plate and far away from the second spring fixing plate through the matching of the second trapezoidal guide block and one of the two second trapezoidal guide grooves formed in the sliding support plate; one end of the third supporting plate is arranged at one end of the second mounting block; the fourth friction plate is arranged at the other end of the third support plate; two avoidance square grooves which are symmetrically distributed are formed in the side surface of the third friction plate; the third friction plate is arranged on the fourth friction plate; one end of the first supporting plate is provided with a connecting lug; the other end of the first supporting plate is arranged at the lower side of the fixed plate; one end of the square connecting plate is provided with a square notch; the supporting rotating shaft is arranged on two side surfaces of the square notch; the square connecting plate is arranged on the first supporting plate through the matching of the supporting rotating shaft and the connecting support lug; a plate spring is arranged between the first supporting plate and the square connecting plate; one ends of the two connecting plates are symmetrically arranged at the other end of the square connecting plate; the two friction blocks are respectively arranged at the other ends of the two connecting plates; the two friction blocks are respectively matched with the avoidance square grooves formed in the third friction plate, the fourth friction plate and the third friction plate;
the third trapezoidal guide block is arranged on the first mounting block; the first mounting block is mounted on the sliding support plate and close to the second spring fixing plate through the matching of the third trapezoidal guide block and the other second trapezoidal guide groove of the two second trapezoidal guide grooves formed in the sliding support plate; one end of the fourth supporting plate is arranged on the first mounting block; a second telescopic rod is arranged between the fourth supporting plate and the third supporting plate; the third compression spring is arranged between the fourth supporting plate and the third supporting plate; the third compression spring is nested outside the second telescopic rod; a fourth telescopic rod is arranged between the fourth supporting plate and the second spring fixing plate; a second compression spring is arranged between the fourth supporting plate and the second spring fixing plate; the second compression spring is nested outside the fourth telescopic rod; the first friction plate is arranged on the fourth supporting plate; one end of the second supporting plate is arranged at the lower side of the fixed plate; the second friction plate is arranged on the second support plate; the second friction plate is matched with the first friction plate;
when the travelling wheels are in contact with the obstacle in the rotating process and the obstacle is small, the jumping amplitude of the travelling wheels is small, and the friction resistance between the first friction plate and the second friction plate has small buffering effect on the sliding support plate; the jumping of the sliding support plate is mainly buffered by the friction generated between the two friction blocks and the third friction plate; when the travelling wheels are in contact with the obstacle in the rotating process and the obstacle is large, the jumping amplitude of the travelling wheels is large, and the jumping of the travelling wheels is buffered through the friction between the third friction plate and the fourth friction plate and the two friction blocks and the friction between the first friction plate and the second friction plate;
the upper side surface of the bottom plate is provided with a first trapezoidal guide groove; the first spring fixing plate is arranged on the upper side surface of one end of the bottom plate; the bottom plate is arranged on the lower side of the fixed plate through two first telescopic rods, and the two first telescopic rods are respectively positioned at two ends of the bottom plate; the first spring fixing plate is positioned between the two corresponding first telescopic rods; the sliding support plate is arranged on the bottom plate through the matching of the first trapezoidal guide block and the first trapezoidal guide groove; the second spring fixing plate is close to the first spring fixing plate; a third telescopic rod is arranged between the first spring fixing plate and the second spring fixing plate; a first compression spring is nested and installed on the outer side of the third telescopic rod; two ends of the first compression spring are respectively arranged on the first spring fixing plate and the second spring fixing plate;
an included angle of 60 degrees is formed between the fourth friction plate and the third support plate; the third friction plate and the third support plate form an included angle of 30 degrees.
2. The shock absorber with a friction force damper for a train as set forth in claim 1, wherein: one end of the friction block is arc-shaped; the arc-shaped end of the friction block is matched with the avoidance square groove formed in the third friction plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910379332.8A CN110371156B (en) | 2018-02-05 | 2018-02-05 | Shock absorber with friction damper for train |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910379332.8A CN110371156B (en) | 2018-02-05 | 2018-02-05 | Shock absorber with friction damper for train |
| CN201810113594.5A CN108340938B (en) | 2018-02-05 | 2018-02-05 | A kind of damper being used on train based on friction damper |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810113594.5A Division CN108340938B (en) | 2018-02-05 | 2018-02-05 | A kind of damper being used on train based on friction damper |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110371156A CN110371156A (en) | 2019-10-25 |
| CN110371156B true CN110371156B (en) | 2020-09-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810113594.5A Active CN108340938B (en) | 2018-02-05 | 2018-02-05 | A kind of damper being used on train based on friction damper |
| CN201910379332.8A Active CN110371156B (en) | 2018-02-05 | 2018-02-05 | Shock absorber with friction damper for train |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810113594.5A Active CN108340938B (en) | 2018-02-05 | 2018-02-05 | A kind of damper being used on train based on friction damper |
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| CN (2) | CN108340938B (en) |
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| DE3815505A1 (en) * | 1987-06-03 | 1988-12-15 | Luk Lamellen & Kupplungsbau | Device for damping torsional vibrations |
| FR2716511B1 (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1996-05-03 | Valeo | Shock absorber flywheel, especially for a motor vehicle. |
| JPH08254246A (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 1996-10-01 | Exedy Corp | Coil spring and damper |
| DE102010053256A1 (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2011-06-16 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Torsional vibration damper for crankshaft of internal-combustion engine, has two damping stages formed between inlet and outlet parts, where one of stages is formed without friction mechanism, and other stage is formed with friction effect |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW200738944A (en) * | 2006-04-10 | 2007-10-16 | Chien-Chuan Cho | Friction damper |
| KR100716088B1 (en) * | 2006-07-10 | 2007-05-08 | 주식회사 에스코알티에스 | Bearing for damping vertical vibration utilizing friction |
| JP2014219061A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-11-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Damper device for vehicle |
| CN104442884A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-03-25 | 南车二七车辆有限公司 | Elastic wedge for bogie of rail wagon |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108340938A (en) | 2018-07-31 |
| CN110371156A (en) | 2019-10-25 |
| CN108340938B (en) | 2019-07-09 |
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Effective date of registration: 20221101 Address after: 311400 No.6 Panlongshan Road, Changkou Town, Fuyang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: ZHEJIANG ZHEN QI HEALTH PRODUCTS CO.,LTD. Address before: 311414 Zhejiang province Hangzhou city Fuyang District Dayuan town Kou Kou Village Patentee before: HANGZHOU FUYANG XINYUAN NEW ENERGY Co.,Ltd. |
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Denomination of invention: A shock absorber with friction damper for trains Effective date of registration: 20221109 Granted publication date: 20200908 Pledgee: Fuyang Zhejiang rural commercial bank Limited by Share Ltd. Spring River Branch Pledgor: ZHEJIANG ZHEN QI HEALTH PRODUCTS CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2022980021267 |
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