CN110367025A - A kind of rapid high yield and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance - Google Patents
A kind of rapid high yield and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rapid high yield and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance.This method includes the disease-free container big seedling cultivation of citrus and Cultivate administration.This method comprises: citrus grafting is cultivated 1.5-2 in insect-proof net chamber, cultivate into the disease-free container seedlings of citrus, nurturing period mating ridging, rich water integrated planting technology, the second annual strain is produced up to 20kg or more after the disease-free container seedlings plantation of citrus.It gets bumper crops than the seedling plantation 2 years ahead of time of naked of tradition, Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen infection chance is 2 years few.This method is easy to operate, planting benefit is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to citrus kind industry fields, and in particular to a kind of rapid high yield and disease resistance it is strong the disease-free container of citrus it is big
Seedling implantation methods.
Background technique
The existing implantation methods of citrus mostly use naked seedling to dig vesicle plantation, and this method lifting digs break taproot, loses greatly
Fibrous root is measured, Shi Dinggan beta pruning is planted, loses a large amount of original increments, is easy dead seedling, the slow seedling by 2-3 months is also needed after kind
Phase；Seedling is small simultaneously, and being completely cured when plantation, wound caused by beta pruning is more, and the susceptible ability caught an illness and resist pest and disease damage is extremely weak, needs more
Long finer management generally takes 4 years and could get bumper crops, cost-recovering.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of rapid high yields and disease-resistant
The strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of property.
A kind of rapid high yield provided by the invention and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance are a kind of fast
The high citrus implantation methods of speed high yield, planting benefit.
A kind of rapid high yield provided by the invention and strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance include citrus
Disease-free container big seedling cultivation, Cultivate administration.This method is without making treelet seedling infect yellow twig in field overlong time, grafting
The cost managed in solarium is concentrated on well below plantation in field, does not have to technical professional and carries out operational administrative.
A kind of rapid high yield provided by the invention and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance, including use
Citrus is disease-free container big seedling cultivation and Cultivate administration, the disease-free container big seedling cultivation of citrus are the big seed of the disease-free container of citrus
Plant the management of the nursery stock to before crop field；The Cultivate administration is that the disease-free container seedlings of citrus are that the disease-free container seedlings of citrus are planted to big
Cultivation management behind field.
A kind of rapid high yield provided by the invention and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance only need 2 years can
Up to high yield, cost-recovering.
The purpose of the present invention is realized at least through one of following technical solution.
A kind of rapid high yield provided by the invention and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance, including it is as follows
Step:
(1) no disease and pests harm citrus seedling is transplanted in the container that volume is 8 liters or more, does not pour fertilizer in the previous day of transplanting
Water, during the transplantation process, the not broken original matrix for dissipating the citrus grafting seedling does not damage root system, by the no disease and pests harm seedling
After migrating in the container that the volume is 8 liters or more, the container that the volume is 8 liters or more is filled up with culture medium, is obtained
Bulk container seedling after transplanting；
(2) the bulk container seedling after step (1) described transplanting is cultivated 8 months or more under disease-free environment and (is preferably existed
Cultivated in solarium), the disease-free container seedlings of citrus are obtained, the fertilizer and water management of nurturing period is identical as Routine Management；
(3) cave ridge Shang Wa is planted: during the lunar calendar the Beginning of summer in annual lunar calendar Winter Solstice to second year, carefully by step
(2) container of the disease-free container seedlings of the citrus removes, and is then transplanted on ridge, at first 2-3 days of transplanting, (such as with bactericide
Carbendazim, Metalaxyl-M etc.) and insecticide (such as imidacloprid, Acetamiprid) to the disease-free container seedlings of the citrus carry out leaching root at
Reason；During the transplantation process, the not broken original matrix for dissipating the disease-free container seedlings of the citrus, does not damage the disease-free container seedlings of citrus
Root system plants (rational close planting) using the narrow strain mode of wide row, i.e., and line width 4-5 meters, 2-3 meters between strain；
(4) the First Year fertilizer and water management after transplanting: in the First Year after the disease-free container seedlings transplanting of the citrus, when big
When field there are drip irrigation facilities, is dripped and applied by the way of water-fertilizer integral, the height of every plant of citrus is disease-free container seedlings monthly apply 1-2 two
Dan Xing compound fertilizer (nitrogen content 15-30wt%), the time limit of fertilising be transplanting after 10-15 days to current year by the end of October；When big
When field is without drip irrigation facilities, applied by the way of spreading fertilizer over the fields, the high nitrogen type of every plant of citrus is disease-free container seedlings monthly apply 3-4 two is multiple
Hefei, the time limit of application be transplanting after 10-15 days to current year by the end of October；
(5) the second year fertilizer and water management after transplanting: in the second year after the disease-free container seedlings transplanting of the citrus, when big
It when there are drip irrigation facilities in field, are dripped and is applied by the way of water-fertilizer integral, every plant of citrus is disease-free, and container seedlings monthly apply 2-2.5's two
Compound fertilizer, the time limit of application be transplanting after second year late Febuary to by the end of October；When crop field is without drip irrigation facilities, using spreading fertilizer over the fields
Mode apply, every plant of citrus is disease-free container seedlings monthly apply 4 liang of compound fertilizer, the time limit of application is the second year after transplanting
Late Febuary is to by the end of October；
(6) after the disease-free container seedlings of citrus migrate on ridge in two years, it does not trim, microelement and organic fertilizer are pressed
Routine Management obtains the mandarin tree of the rapid high yield.
Further, step (1) the no disease and pests harm citrus seedling is that disease-free container grafts seedling, the disease-free container grafting
Scion diameter > 0.5cm above the graft union of seedling, plant height > 30cm is counted from stromal surface in the mature tip > 1 time；The no sickly look
The shape of device is prismatic table shape or cuboid, and the volume of the disease-free container is 2-3 liter, when the shape of the disease-free container is terrace with edge
When shape, the side length of bottom is 8-10cm, and body height is 26-30cm, and the side length at top is 10-12cm；When the no sickly look
When the shape of device is cylinder or truncated cone-shaped, the diameter of bottom is 8-10cm, and body height is 26-30cm, and the diameter at top is
8-10cm。
Further, the shape for the container that step (1) described volume is 8 liters or more is prismatic table shape or cylinder；When described
When the shape for the container that volume is 8 liters or more is prismatic table shape, bottom side length > 16cm, body height > 35cm, top sides
Length > bottom side length；When the shape for the container that the volume is 8 liters or more is cylinder, base diameter > 18cm, body
Highly > 35cm, top diameter >=base diameter.
Further, step (1) culture medium includes the controlled-release compound fertilizer of 0.3wt%-0.8wt%.
The culture medium is the mixture of tradition training seedling matrix and the controlled-release compound fertilizer；The tradition training seedling matrix packet
Include peat soil, plant ash, wood sawdust, husk and sand.
Further, plant height >=1.3 meter, scion diameter >=1.3 centimetre of the disease-free container seedlings of step (2) described citrus,
Take out tip pass >=6 time, tip length is greater than quantity >=10 5cm.
Further, a height of 40-60 centimetres of the ridge of step (3) described field, the width of field are 1.5-2.2 meters.
Further, the purpose of ridging is in order to concentrate upper soll layer rich soil to plant, so that in the ranks in step (3)
Deep soil is routed up on ridge, so that the upper layer and bottom on ridge are the rich soil of upper soll layer, can make plant more
Fast-growth.
Further, step (3) bactericide is one of carbendazim, Metalaxyl-M etc. or more；The desinsection
Medicine is one of imidacloprid, Acetamiprid etc. or more.
Further, described using the narrow strain mode plantation of wide row in step (3), 66-86 plants of mandarin oranges can be preferably planted per acre
Tangerine is disease-free container seedlings.
Further, step (3) the leaching root processing, is the operation instruction according to bactericide and insecticide, is configured to one
Concentration is determined to carry out leaching root processing.
Further, it in step (4), is applied if the First Year fertilizer and water management after transplanting is dripped by the way of water-fertilizer integral,
The application total amount of high nitrogen type compound fertilizer every month, is divided into 10 parts of intervals and applies, and it is all the same to apply interval time every time；
In step (4), if the First Year fertilizer and water management after transplanting is applied by the way of spreading fertilizer over the fields, high nitrogen type compound fertilizer every month
Apply total amount, be divided into 4-5 parts of intervals and apply, it is all the same to apply interval time every time.
Further, it in step (5), is applied if the second year fertilizer and water management after transplanting is dripped by the way of water-fertilizer integral,
The application total amount of compound fertilizer's every month, is divided into 8-12 parts of intervals and applies, and it is all the same to apply interval time every time；Step
(5) in, if the second year fertilizer and water management after transplanting is applied by the way of spreading fertilizer over the fields, the application of high compound fertilizer's every month is total
Amount, is divided into 4-5 parts of intervals and applies, and it is all the same to apply interval time every time.
Further, the nitrogen content of the high nitrogen type compound fertilizer is 15-30wt%.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) a kind of rapid high yield provided by the invention and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance, it is described
Seedlings plantation growth is fast, can get bumper crops within 2 years, saves 2 years Cultivate administration costs than naked seedling plantation of tradition, compares common vessel
1 year Cultivate administration cost is saved in seedling plantation, while the investment repayment time shortens more than half；
(2) a kind of rapid high yield provided by the invention and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance, wherein
Seedlings early period cultivates in solarium, and no Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen infection and propagation reduce nearly 2 years outdoor introduced diseases than naked seedling of tradition
Time, while Miao Geng great, disease resistance is stronger, is less susceptible to catch an illness after plantation, fall ill.
Specific embodiment
Specific implementation of the invention is described further below in conjunction with example, but implementation and protection of the invention is not limited to
This.If being that those skilled in the art can refer to prior art reality it is noted that there is the process of not special detailed description below
It is existing or understanding.
Embodiment 1
A kind of rapid high yield and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance, include the following steps:
(1) no disease and pests harm citrus seedling (the fertile mandarin orange grafting that embodiment 1 is selected, stock are Ziyang fragrant citrus) is screened: in citrus
It is 2 times (2 times tips of tool) that the quantity with graft union top scion diameter > 0.5cm, the mature tip is selected in disease-free container grafting seedling
And the seedling of plant height > 30cm feature is counted from stromal surface, obtain the no disease and pests harm citrus seedling, the appearance of the disease-free container
Product is 2.3 liters (container is cylinder, and base diameter 10cm, a height of 30cm and top diameter are 10cm)；
(2) container seedlings are cultivated: in April, 2011, no disease and pests harm citrus seedling being transplanted to volume in insect-proof net chamber
For in 9 liters of containers (container be cylindrical, base diameter 18cm, a height of 36cm and top diameter are 18cm), in transplanting
The previous day does not pour rich water, and during the transplantation process, the not broken original matrix for dissipating the citrus grafting seedling does not damage root system, by institute
State no disease and pests harm seedling migrate to the volume be in 9 liters of container after, fill up the container that the volume is 9 liters with culture medium,
The culture medium is the mixture of peat soil and controlled-release compound fertilizer, and wherein the mass percent of controlled-release compound fertilizer is 0.3%, is obtained
Bulk container seedling after to transplanting；
(3) the bulk container seedling after step (2) described transplanting is cultivated 8 months under disease-free environment (in insect-proof net chamber),
It cultivates from April, 2011 in December, 2012, obtains the disease-free container seedlings of citrus, the disease-free container seedlings of citrus
Tip pass >=6 time, tip length are taken out greater than quantity >=10 5cm in plant height >=1.3 meter, scion diameter >=1.3 centimetre；
(4) ridging: topsoil in the ranks is hooked to ridge, until ridge is 40-60 centimetres high, row spacing is 2 meters；
(5) cave ridge Shang Wa is planted: in by the end of December, 2012 removing the container of the disease-free container seedlings of step (3) described citrus in
Fall, be then transplanted on ridge (place is nine tunnel 1 the Guangzhou Baiyun District town Zhong Luotan Guang Cong Guangzhou National agricultural science and technology demonstration),
At first 2-3 days of transplanting, leaching root processing is carried out to the disease-free container seedlings of the citrus with Metalaxyl-M and Imidacloprid；It was transplanting
Cheng Zhong, the not broken original matrix for dissipating the disease-free container seedlings of the citrus, does not damage the root system of the disease-free container seedlings of citrus, using width
The narrow strain mode plantation of row, i.e. 4 meters of line width, 2.5 meters between strain, the same day has poured root water；
(6) the First Year fertilizer and water management after transplanting: in the First Year after the disease-free container seedlings transplanting of the citrus, when big
When field there are drip irrigation facilities, is dripped and applied by the way of water-fertilizer integral, container seedlings monthly apply 2 liang of high nitrogen that every plant of citrus is disease-free
Type compound fertilizer is divided into 10 parts of intervals and applies, and drop applies that interval time is all the same every time, and the time limit of application be 10 days after transplanting
By the end of October to current year；
(7) the second year fertilizer and water management after transplanting: in the second year after the disease-free container seedlings transplanting of the citrus, when big
When there are drip irrigation facilities in field, are dripped and applied by the way of water-fertilizer integral, every plant of citrus is disease-free container seedlings monthly apply 2.5 liang answer
Hefei is divided into 10 parts of intervals and applies, and drop applies that interval time is all the same every time, and the time limit of application be the second year 3 after transplanting
The moon is to by the end of October；
(8) after the disease-free container seedlings of citrus migrate on ridge in two years, it does not trim, microelement and organic fertilizer are pressed
Routine Management obtains the disease-free container seedlings of citrus of the rapid high yield.
Compliance test result:
On December 9th, 2014, i.e., at the end of the described disease-free container seedlings of citrus migrate to the second year on ridge, select at random
The citrus for the rapid high yield that step (8) obtains is disease-free, and container seedlings (number is 7 plants) carry out survey production, as a result as shown in table 1 below, institute
The average strain for stating the disease-free container seedlings of citrus of rapid high yield produces 22.75kg, and table 1 is that the citrus of 7 plants of rapid high yields is disease-free
The survey of container seedlings produces tables of data, and as known from Table 1, the disease-free container seedlings of citrus second year on migrating to big field just has
The effect of high yield, illustrate the disease-free container seedlings of the citrus the second year of transplanting grow into the citrus of the rapid high yield without
Sickly look device seedlings, if converting into per mu yield 1501.5-1888.25kg according to 66-83 plants of calculating are planted per acre；And in the citrus
Disease-free container seedlings migrate on ridge in two years, and the yellow twig disease incidence of the disease-free container seedlings of citrus is zero.According to biography
The citrus seedling of system method plantation is no yield in second year, and the yellow twig disease incidence of the citrus seedling of conventional method plantation is very
Height, or even up to 38%.
Table 1
Embodiment 2
A kind of rapid high yield and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance, include the following steps:
(1) no disease and pests harm citrus seedling (the fertile mandarin orange grafting that embodiment 2 is selected, stock are Ziyang fragrant citrus) is screened: in citrus
It is 2 times (2 times tips of tool) that the quantity with graft union top scion diameter > 0.5cm, the mature tip is selected in disease-free container grafting seedling
And the seedling of plant height > 30cm feature is counted from stromal surface, obtain the no disease and pests harm citrus seedling, the appearance of the disease-free container
Product is 2.3 liters；
(2) container seedlings are cultivated: in June, 2015, no disease and pests harm citrus seedling being transplanted in the container that volume is 9 liters,
Rich water is not poured in the previous day of transplanting, during the transplantation process, the not broken original matrix for dissipating the citrus grafting seedling does not damage root
System, after the no disease and pests harm seedling is migrated in the container that the volume is 9 liters, filling up the volume with culture medium is 9 liters
Container, the culture medium be peat soil and controlled-release compound fertilizer mixture, wherein the mass percent of controlled-release compound fertilizer be
0.3wt%), the bulk container seedling after being transplanted；
(3) seedling after step (2) described transplanting is cultivated 8 months under disease-free environment (in insect-proof net chamber), i.e., from
In June, 2015 cultivated in April, 2016, obtained the disease-free container seedlings of citrus, the plant height of the disease-free container seedlings of citrus
>=1.3 meters, scion diameter >=1.3 centimetre, take out tip pass >=6 time, tip length be greater than quantity >=10 5cm；
(4) ridging: topsoil in the ranks is hooked to ridge, keeps ridge 40-60 centimetres high, and row spacing is 2 meters；
(5) cave ridge Shang Wa is planted: the container of the disease-free container seedlings of step (3) described citrus is removed in by the end of May, 2016 in,
Then (place be Guangzhou Baiyun District Zhong Luotan town Guang Cong nine tunnel 1 Guangzhou National agricultural science and technology demonstration) is transplanted on ridge,
First 2-3 days of transplanting carry out leaching root processing to the disease-free container seedlings of the citrus with carbendazim and Acetamiprid；In migration process
In, the not broken original matrix for dissipating the disease-free container seedlings of the citrus does not damage the root system of the disease-free container seedlings of citrus, using wide row
Narrow strain mode plantation (planting 66-83 plants per acre), i.e. 4. meters of line width, 2.5 meters between strain, the same day has poured root water；
(6) the First Year fertilizer and water management after transplanting: in the First Year after the disease-free container seedlings transplanting of the citrus, crop field
Have drip irrigation facilities, dripped and applied by the way of water-fertilizer integral, every plant of citrus is disease-free container seedlings monthly apply 2 liang high nitrogen type it is multiple
Hefei is divided into 10 parts of intervals and applies, and drop applies that interval time is all the same every time, the time limit of application be 10 days after transplanting extremely
Current year is by the end of October；
(7) the second year fertilizer and water management after transplanting: in the second year after the disease-free container seedlings transplanting of the citrus, crop field
There are drip irrigation facilities, is dripped and applied by the way of water-fertilizer integral, container seedlings monthly apply 2.5 liang compound that every plant of citrus is disease-free
Fertilizer is divided into 10 parts of intervals and applies, and drop application interval time is all the same every time, and the time limit of application is the second year 3 after transplanting
The moon is to by the end of October；
(8) after the disease-free container seedlings of citrus migrate on ridge in two years, it does not trim, microelement and organic fertilizer are pressed
Routine Management obtains the disease-free container seedlings of citrus of the rapid high yield.
Compliance test result:
On December 7th, 2017, i.e., the described disease-free container seedlings of citrus migrated to the second year on ridge, random selecting step
(8) the disease-free container seedlings of the citrus of the rapid high yield (number is 6 plants) carry out survey production, and average strain produces 24.91kg, and average
Set a height of 226cm, average tree crown width is 210.6cm, average trunk diameter is 5.22cm, average strain production is 169.67 fruits, equal
Single fruit weight 146.81g, i.e., the described disease-free container seedlings of citrus have the effect for migrating to that second year can get bumper crops on big field, explanation
The disease-free container seedlings of citrus migrate to second year on big field be grown to the rapid high yield the disease-free container of citrus it is big
Seedling, if converting into per mu yield 1644-2067.5kg according to 66-83 plants of calculating are planted per acre；And in the disease-free container seedlings of the citrus
It migrates on ridge in two years, the yellow twig disease incidence of the disease-free container seedlings of citrus is zero.Conventionally plant
Citrus seedling is no yield in second year, and the yellow twig disease incidence of the citrus seedling of conventional method plantation is very high, or even reaches
38%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of rapid high yield and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance, include the following steps:
(1) no disease and pests harm citrus seedling (the fertile mandarin orange grafting that embodiment 3 is selected, stock are Ziyang fragrant citrus) is screened: in citrus
It is 2 times (2 times tips of tool) that the quantity with graft union top scion diameter > 0.5cm, the mature tip is selected in disease-free container grafting seedling
And the seedling of plant height > 30cm feature is counted from stromal surface, obtain the no disease and pests harm citrus seedling, the appearance of the disease-free container
Product is 2.3 liters；
(2) container seedlings are cultivated: in July, 2016, no disease and pests harm citrus seedling being transplanted to the container that volume is 8 liters or more
In, rich water is not poured in the previous day of transplanting, during the transplantation process, the not broken original matrix for dissipating the citrus grafting seedling is not damaged
Bad root system, after the no disease and pests harm seedling is migrated in the container that the volume is 9 liters, filling up the volume with culture medium is
9 liters of container, the culture medium are the mixture of peat soil and controlled-release compound fertilizer, wherein the mass percent of controlled-release compound fertilizer
Seedling for 0.3wt%, after being transplanted；
(3) seedling after step (2) described transplanting is cultivated 8 months under disease-free environment (in insect-proof net chamber), i.e., from
In July, 2016 cultivated in April, 2017, obtained the disease-free container seedlings of citrus, the plant height of the disease-free container seedlings of citrus
>=1.3 meters, scion diameter >=1.3 centimetre, take out tip pass >=6 time, tip length be greater than quantity >=10 5cm；
(4) ridging: topsoil in the ranks is hooked to ridge, until ridge is 40-60 centimetres high, row spacing is 2 meters；
(5) cave ridge Shang Wa is planted: removing the container of the disease-free container seedlings of step (3) described citrus the first tenday period of a month in May, 2017
Fall, (Huizhou City Huiyang District Pingtan Zhenping Tan Cun) is then transplanted on ridge, at first 2-3 days of transplanting, with carbendazim and Imidacloprid
Leaching root processing is carried out to the disease-free container seedlings of the citrus；During the transplantation process, not broken to dissipate the disease-free container seedlings of the citrus
Original matrix does not damage the root system of the disease-free container seedlings of citrus, using the narrow strain mode plantation (planting 83 plants per acre) of wide row, at once
4.0 meters wide, 2.0 meters between strain, the same day has poured root water；
(6) the First Year fertilizer and water management after transplanting: in the First Year after the disease-free container seedlings transplanting of the citrus, crop field
There are drip irrigation facilities, is dripped and applied by the way of water-fertilizer integral, container seedlings monthly apply 1.2 liang of high nitrogen type that every plant of citrus is disease-free
Compound fertilizer is divided into 10 parts of intervals and applies, and drop application interval time is all the same every time, and the time limit of application is 10 days after transplanting
By the end of October to current year；
(7) the second year fertilizer and water management after transplanting: in the second year after the disease-free container seedlings transplanting of the citrus, crop field
There are drip irrigation facilities, is dripped and applied by the way of water-fertilizer integral, every plant of citrus is disease-free container seedlings monthly apply 2 liang of compound fertilizer,
10 parts of intervals are divided into apply, drop applies that interval time is all the same every time, the time limit of application be second year March after transplanting extremely
Current year is by the end of October；
(8) after the disease-free container seedlings of citrus migrate on ridge in two years, it does not trim, microelement and organic fertilizer are pressed
Routine Management obtains the disease-free container seedlings of citrus of the rapid high yield.
Compliance test result:
On December 30th, 2018, i.e., the described disease-free container seedlings of citrus migrated to the second year on ridge, are taken out at random
It looks into survey and produces investigation, mean stand height 216cm, 173 × 204cm of tree crown, trunk diameter 6.97cm, averagely strain produce 24.4 kilograms, conversion
2000.8 kilograms of per mu yield, i.e., the citrus of the described rapid high yield is disease-free, and container seedlings migrate to second year on big field to get bumper crops
Effect, if according to 66-83 plant calculating, equivalent per mu yield 1644-2067.5kg is planted per acre；And in the disease-free container of the citrus
Seedlings migrate on ridge in two years, and the yellow twig disease incidence of the disease-free container seedlings of citrus is zero.Conventionally plant
The citrus seedling of plant is no yield in second year.
Above embodiments are only preferrred embodiment of the present invention, for explaining only the invention, are not intended to limit the present invention, this
Field technical staff should belong to guarantor of the invention without departing from change made under spirit of the invention, replacement, modification etc.
Protect range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of rapid high yield and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance, which is characterized in that including walking as follows
It is rapid:
(1) no disease and pests harm citrus seedling is transplanted in the container that volume is 8 liters or more, does not pour rich water in the previous day of transplanting,
In migration process, the not broken original matrix for dissipating the citrus grafting seedling does not damage root system, the no disease and pests harm seedling is migrated to
After in the container that the volume is 8 liters or more, the container that the volume is 8 liters or more is filled up with culture medium, after obtaining transplanting
Bulk container seedling；
(2) the bulk container seedling after step (1) described transplanting is cultivated 8 months or more under disease-free environment, it is disease-free obtains citrus
Container seedlings；
(3) cave ridge Shang Wa is planted: during the lunar calendar the Beginning of summer in annual lunar calendar Winter Solstice to second year, by step (2) citrus
The container of disease-free container seedlings removes, and is then transplanted on ridge, at first 2-3 days of transplanting, with bactericide and insecticide to described
Citrus is disease-free, and container seedlings carry out leaching root processing；During the transplantation process, the not broken original base for dissipating the disease-free container seedlings of the citrus
Matter does not damage the root system of the disease-free container seedlings of citrus, is planted using the narrow strain mode of wide row, i.e., line width 4-5 meters, 2-3 meters between strain；
(4) the First Year fertilizer and water management after transplanting: in the First Year after the disease-free container seedlings transplanting of the citrus, when crop field has
When drip irrigation facilities, is dripped and applied by the way of water-fertilizer integral, the high nitrogen type of every plant of citrus is disease-free container seedlings monthly apply 1-2 two
Compound fertilizer, the time limit of fertilising be transplanting after 10-15 days to current year by the end of October；When crop field is without drip irrigation facilities, using spreading fertilizer over the fields
Mode apply, the high nitrogen type compound fertilizer of every plant of citrus is disease-free container seedlings monthly apply 3-4 two, after the time limit of application is transplanting
10-15 days to current year by the end of October；
(5) the second year fertilizer and water management after transplanting: in the second year after the disease-free container seedlings transplanting of the citrus, when crop field has
It when drip irrigation facilities, is dripped and is applied by the way of water-fertilizer integral, every plant of citrus is disease-free, and container seedlings monthly apply the compound of 2-2.5 two
Fertilizer, the time limit of application be transplanting after second year late Febuary to by the end of October；When crop field is without drip irrigation facilities, using the side spread fertilizer over the fields
Formula applies, every plant of citrus is disease-free container seedlings monthly apply 4 liang of compound fertilizer, and the time limit of application be second year 2 months after transplanting
The last ten-days period are to by the end of October；
(6) after the disease-free container seedlings of citrus migrate on ridge in two years, it does not trim, microelement and organic fertilizer are routinely
Management, obtains the mandarin tree of the rapid high yield.
2. rapid high yield according to claim 1 and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance, feature
It is, step (1) the no disease and pests harm citrus seedling is that disease-free container grafts seedling, the graft union of the disease-free container grafting seedling
Plant height > 30cm is counted from stromal surface in top scion diameter > 0.5cm, the mature tip > 1 time.
3. rapid high yield according to claim 2 and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance, feature
It is, the shape of the disease-free container is prismatic table shape or cylinder, and the volume of the disease-free container is 2-3 liter, when described disease-free
When the shape of container is terrace with edge or cuboid, the side length of bottom is 8-10cm, and body height is 26-30cm, the side length at top
For 10-12cm；When the shape of the disease-free container is cylinder or truncated cone-shaped, the diameter of bottom is 8-10cm, body height
For 26-30cm, the diameter at top is 8-10cm.
4. the implantation methods of rapid high yield according to claim 1 and the strong disease-free container seedlings of citrus of disease resistance, special
Sign is that the shape for the container that step (1) described volume is 8 liters or more is prismatic table shape or cylinder；When the volume be 8 liters with
On container shape be prismatic table shape when, bottom side length > 16cm, body height > 35cm, top side length > bottom side length；
When the shape for the container that the volume is 8 liters or more is cylinder, base diameter > 18cm, body height > 35cm,
Top diameter >=base diameter.
5. rapid high yield according to claim 1 and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance, feature
It is, step (1) culture medium includes the controlled-release compound fertilizer of 0.3wt%-0.8wt%.
6. rapid high yield according to claim 1 and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance, feature
It is, tip pass >=6, are taken out at scion diameter >=1.3 centimetre in plant height >=1.3 meter of the disease-free container seedlings of step (2) described citrus
Secondary, tip length is greater than quantity >=10 5cm.
7. the implantation methods of rapid high yield according to claim 1 and the strong disease-free container seedlings of citrus of disease resistance, special
Sign is that a height of 40-60 centimetres of the ridge of step (3) described field, the width of field is 1.5-2.2 meters.
8. rapid high yield according to claim 1 and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance, feature
It is, step (3) bactericide is one of carbendazim, Metalaxyl-M or more；The insecticide is imidacloprid, pyridine worm
One of amidine or more.
9. rapid high yield according to claim 1 and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance, feature
It is, in step (4), is applied if the First Year fertilizer and water management after transplanting is dripped by the way of water-fertilizer integral, the high nitrogen type is multiple
The application total amount of Hefei every month, is divided into 10 parts of intervals and applies, and it is all the same to apply interval time every time；In step (4),
If the First Year fertilizer and water management after transplanting is applied by the way of spreading fertilizer over the fields, the application total amount of high nitrogen type compound fertilizer every month,
It is divided into 4-5 parts of intervals to apply, it is all the same to apply interval time every time.
10. rapid high yield according to claim 1 and the strong disease-free container seedlings implantation methods of citrus of disease resistance, feature
It is, in step (5), is applied if the second year fertilizer and water management after transplanting is dripped by the way of water-fertilizer integral, the compound fertilizer is every
A month application total amount, is divided into 8-12 parts of intervals and applies, and it is all the same to apply interval time every time；In step (5), if after transplanting
Second year fertilizer and water management applied by the way of spreading fertilizer over the fields, the application total amount of high compound fertilizer's every month is divided between 4-5 parts
Every application, it is all the same to apply interval time every time.
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| PCT/CN2020/110112 WO2021032139A1 (en) | 2019-08-19 | 2020-08-19 | Container-cultivated disease-free big citrus seedling planting method for fast high yields and strong disease resistance |
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