CN106386368A - Citrus gonggan paddy field high production planting method - Google Patents
Citrus gonggan paddy field high production planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106386368A CN106386368A CN201611012397.1A CN201611012397A CN106386368A CN 106386368 A CN106386368 A CN 106386368A CN 201611012397 A CN201611012397 A CN 201611012397A CN 106386368 A CN106386368 A CN 106386368A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention discloses citrus gonggan paddy field high production planting method, belonging to agriculture field, the method includes the step that, 1, soil repair and mound raising, 2, irrigate trough repair and build, 3, field planting, 4, cultivation and management. The cultivation method step is simple and clear, field management is easy, citrus gonggan production quantity is high, harvested citrus quality is good and alike, economic value is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting technology field is and in particular to a kind of tribute mandarin orange paddy field high yield cultivating method.
Background technology
Tribute mandarin orange is the natural hybridization kind of oranges and tangerines and orange, has the good reputation of " Chinese mandarin orange king ".Its fruit shape is beautiful, fruit coloured gold yellow,
Thin skin core is few, the crisp no slag of meat, fresh and sweet fragrant honey, high sugar are low sour, with rich flavor, and it has concentrated orange class beautiful outline form and citrus meat thin
The two-fold advantage of tender, easy peeling, hardly matches for other citrus varieties, is described as the emperor of citrus.Tribute mandarin orange also known as " emperor mandarin orange " or
Person's " highest-ranking imperial concubine's orange ".According to textual criticism, tribute mandarin orange originates from Sihui, Guangdong chastity mountain earliest, is the excellent dilute kind of farmers'.Plantation is with a long history,
Pass on from one to another early in the Tang Dynasty, four meetings, Deqing have the plantation of tribute mandarin orange within the border.Between year in the Northern Song Dynasty, (Christian era 960-1127) is due to its excellent quality
And the tribute hired for emperor is classified as by imperial court, thus gain the name " tribute mandarin orange ".
Before early 1990s, tribute mandarin orange is only used as the excellent dilute fruit of local local and special products and plants on a small scale.In 20th century
From the mid-90, the ground such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Fujian, Hainan starts large-scale planting tribute mandarin orange.Because tribute mandarin orange has well
Economic worth, in recent years, Guangxi starts implant mass tribute mandarin orange, be concentrated mainly on In Northern Guangxi area.Tribute mandarin orange in Guangxi is planted
It is all that paddy field reconstruction forms that ground has most, and therefore, the tribute mandarin orange cultivation research for paddy field landforms is very necessary.
The disclosure of background above technology contents is only used for assisting the inventive concept understanding the present invention and technical scheme, and it is not
Necessarily belong to the prior art of present patent application, show the applying date in present patent application for the above there is no tangible proof
In the case of disclosed, above-mentioned background technology should not be taken to evaluate novelty and the creativeness of the application.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of tribute mandarin orange paddy field high yield cultivating method, to realize tribute mandarin orange in paddy field
Area efficient high-yield planting.
In order to solve above technical problem, the present invention employs the following technical solutions：
(1) site preparation and a knoll：First ground plough is turned over weathering, smooth, then press 3 × 4m seeding row spacing and play furrow or a pier, knoll
Wide 100cm, high 30～50cm, ridging year by year expands knoll；
(2) build irrigation and drainage ditch：Using 3 grades of irrigation and drainage systems, plantation is dug zanjon in latter 1 year, is deepened year by year, reach furrow ditch width within 3 years
30～50cm, deep 35～60cm；Ring garden furrow width 50cm, deep 40～60cm；
(3) it is colonized：Select more than 35cm, have the healthy and strong seedling of 2～3 branches, after young sprout is aging on once rudiment
Front field planting, mu plants 50 plants；
(4) cultivation management：
A. earsh
A. culture dwarfing is tree-like：First Year, puts the tip 3 times, respectively May, July, late August；Second Year, puts the tip 4 times, point
Wei not March, May, July, September；Bearing-age tree at the beginning of 3rd, puts the tip 3 times, respectively March, July early and middle ten dayses, September；Tip length control every time
System, within 20cm, stays 8～10 leaves；
B. bud picking control shoot：Erase when beginning sprouting spues 2～5cm, continuously smear 2～4 times, when every plant has more than 70%
Bud is sprouted, and when full garden has 70% tree to sprout, just the tip is put in unification, and every base tip stays young sprout 2～3；
C. bracing wire shaping：Too small to crotch angle is past drop-down, and position branch is to loosening 45～85 ° of posterior division angle；
D. rich water quality management：Earsh applies the peanut press pulp fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed every year 1～2 time, strong tip fertilizer then in sprouting 3cm to certainly cutting
When impose instant high tower nitrate-based compound fertilizer；First Year applies liquid manure amount：Every plant of whole year of annual tree applies soyabean bran 0.4～0.5kg, urine
Element and each 0.25～0.35kg of composite fertilizer；Every plant of Second Year applies soyabean bran 0.75～1kg, urea and composite fertilizer each 0.50～
0.75kg；Young sprout applies foliage fertilizer, and concentration is 250 times of liquid, every tip 1～2 time, and young sprout growth period keeps soil to moisten；
B. bearing-age tree
A. soil management：Start within the 3rd year after field planting to expand cave, carry out after annual autumn growth is aging, plant hole both sides original every time
Expand cave, the long 100cm in cave, wide 50cm, deep 40cm, layering embedment farmyard manure and pulverized limestone, earthing；Annual rotation direction is expanded once,
Continuously dig 2～3 years；
B. irrigation and drainage and intertillage：Spring rudiment, little fruiting period of blooming keep ground moistening；Summer should be based on draining；Autumn is
Bearing basal shoot growth and fruit expanding period, mainly irrigate；Winter is to promote bud differentiation, water to be controlled after Winter Solstice；Annual
To winter before autumn drought, Gan Yuan intertillage is loosened the soil 1～3 time；
c：Nutrition and fertilising：
1. the spring tip is fertile：Late Febuary applies based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, accounts for the 15%～20% of annual dose；Blue or green strong tree, first fruit tree
See bud to refertilize；
2. thank to colored fruitlet fertile：Start Xie Huashi and apply composite fertilizer, account for the 10% of annual total fertilization amount；
3. autumn growth is fertile：10～20 days before putting autumn growth, impose instant high tower nitrate-based compound fertilizer cooperation fertilizer, account for whole year
The 30～40% of total fertilization amount；
4. bud differentiation is fertile：Apply the chicken manure being 20～30 parts by weight portion, 3～10 parts of biological bacteria in flower bud differentiation period
Fertilizer, 1～3 part of calcium magnesium phosphate, 0.3～1.2 part of composite fertilizer, the fertilizer of 0.02～0.06 part of the earth boron composition；
5. fertilizer after adopting before adopting：Veteran or many trees that bear fruit can coordinate ridging fertilising 1 time before fruit picking, be affixed by multiple with fertilizer
Hefei, accounts for the 10% of annual total fertilization amount；
6. spring tip germination period：Apply the instant nitrate-based compound fertilizer of 51%；
7. bearing basal shoot germination period：Apply 51% Humic acid synergistic composite fertilizer；
8. fruit expanding period：Apply the people and animals liquid dung 15～30kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, 51% nitrate-based compound fertilizer 1～3kg for every plant；
d：Prune：
1. the summer cuts：Carry out within 10～15 days before putting autumn growth, based on cutting back, supplemented by sparse branching, cutting back tree crown middle and upper part periphery
Fallen flowers fruit branch, decline branch and besom branch, retain long 6～10cm, the branch stake of thick 0.7～0.8cm clip；Summer cuts rear bud picking 1～2
Secondary；
2. the winter cuts：Carry out after fruit picking, prune overstocked intersection branch, thin and delicate fruitful branch, deadwood, sick branch, cutting back periphery fruit off
Ball branch and decline branch；Aged tree will bounce back, pruning of bearing down on one.
Preferably, described seedling stock includes sour tangerine, Sichuan red tangerine, Jiangxi red tangerine, trifoliate orange；
Preferably, described foliage fertilizer be green sweet smell prestige 1,30：10：15 moisten natural high nitrogen type Water soluble fertilizer, composite fertilizer.
The invention has the advantages that：
(1) fertilizing method of the present invention, for the growth different phase fertilising of tribute mandarin orange, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, effect is good；
(2) paddy field of the present invention cultural method, tribute mandarin orange survival rate of plant is high, growing way is good；
(3) cultural method step of the present invention is simple, and field management is easy to operate, and fruit yield is high.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.It is emphasized that the description below is only
It is only exemplary, rather than in order to limit the scope of the present invention and its application.
Embodiment 1：
(1) site preparation and a knoll：First ground plough is turned over weathering, smooth, then press 3 × 4m seeding row spacing and play furrow or a pier, knoll
Wide 100cm, high 30cm, ridging year by year expands knoll；
(2) build irrigation and drainage ditch：Using 3 grades of irrigation and drainage systems, plantation is dug zanjon in latter 1 year, is deepened year by year, reach furrow ditch width within 3 years
30cm, deep 35cm；Ring garden furrow width 50cm, deep 40cm；
(3) it is colonized：Select more than 35cm, have the healthy and strong acid tangerine grafting seedling of 2 branches, after young sprout is aging on once
It is colonized before rudiment, mu plants 50 plants；
(4) cultivation management：
A. earsh
A. culture dwarfing is tree-like：First Year, puts the tip 3 times, respectively May, July, late August；Second Year, puts the tip 4 times, point
Wei not March, May, July, September；Bearing-age tree at the beginning of 3rd, puts the tip 3 times, respectively March, July early and middle ten dayses, September；Tip length control every time
System, within 20cm, stays 8 leaves；
B. bud picking control shoot：Erase in beginning sprouting discharge 2cm, continuously smear 2 times, when every plant of bud having more than 70% is sprouted
Send out, when full garden has 70% tree to sprout, just the tip is put in unification, and every base tip stays young sprout 2；
C. bracing wire shaping：Too small to crotch angle is past drop-down, and position branch is to loosening 45 ° of posterior division angle；
D. rich water quality management：Earsh applies the peanut press pulp fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed every year 1 time, strong tip fertilizer then sprouting 3cm to certainly cut when
Impose instant high tower nitrate-based compound fertilizer；First Year applies liquid manure amount：Every plant of whole year of annual tree applies soyabean bran 0.4kg, urea and multiple
The each 0.25kg in Hefei；Every plant of Second Year applies soyabean bran 0.75kg, urea and each 0.50kg of composite fertilizer；Young sprout applies green sweet smell No. 1 blade face of prestige
Fertilizer, concentration is 250 times of liquid, every tip 1 time, and young sprout growth period keeps soil to moisten；
B. bearing-age tree
A. soil management：Start within the 3rd year after field planting to expand cave, carry out after annual autumn growth is aging, plant hole both sides original every time
Expand cave, the long 100cm in cave, wide 50cm, deep 40cm, layering embedment farmyard manure and pulverized limestone, earthing；Annual rotation direction is expanded once,
Continuously dig 2 years；
B. irrigation and drainage and intertillage：Spring rudiment, little fruiting period of blooming keep ground moistening；Summer should be based on draining；Autumn is
Bearing basal shoot growth and fruit expanding period, mainly irrigate；Winter is to promote bud differentiation, water to be controlled after Winter Solstice；Annual
To winter before autumn drought, Gan Yuan intertillage is loosened the soil 1 time；
c：Nutrition and fertilising：
1. the spring tip is fertile：Late Febuary applies based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, accounts for the 15% of annual dose；Blue or green strong tree, first fruit tree see flower
Flower bud refertilizes；
2. thank to colored fruitlet fertile：Start Xie Huashi and apply composite fertilizer, account for the 10% of annual total fertilization amount；
3. autumn growth is fertile：Putting autumn growth first 10 days, imposing instant high tower nitrate-based compound fertilizer cooperation fertilizer, account for annual fertilising
The 30% of total amount；
4. bud differentiation is fertile：Apply the chicken manure being 20 parts by weight portion, 3 parts of bio-bacterial manure, 1 part of calcium in flower bud differentiation period
Magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer, 0.3 part of composite fertilizer, the fertilizer of 0.02 part of the earth boron composition；
5. fertilizer after adopting before adopting：Veteran or many trees that bear fruit can coordinate ridging fertilising 1 time before fruit picking, be affixed by multiple with fertilizer
Hefei, accounts for the 10% of annual total fertilization amount；
6. spring tip germination period：Apply the instant nitrate-based compound fertilizer of 51%；
7. bearing basal shoot germination period：Apply 51% Humic acid synergistic composite fertilizer；
8. fruit expanding period：Apply the people and animals liquid dung 15kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, 51% nitrate-based compound fertilizer 1kg for every plant；
d：Prune：
1. the summer cuts：Carry out within first 10 days putting autumn growth, based on cutting back, supplemented by sparse branching, peripheral the falling in cutting back tree crown middle and upper part
Flowers and fruits branch, decline branch and besom branch, retain long 6cm, the branch stake of thick 0.7cm clip；Summer cuts rear bud picking 1 time；
2. the winter cuts：Carry out after fruit picking, prune overstocked intersection branch, thin and delicate fruitful branch, deadwood, sick branch, cutting back periphery fruit off
Ball branch and decline branch；Aged tree will bounce back, pruning of bearing down on one.
Embodiment 2
(1) site preparation and a knoll：First ground plough is turned over weathering, smooth, then press 3 × 4m seeding row spacing and play furrow or a pier, knoll
Wide 100cm, high 50cm, ridging year by year expands knoll；
(2) build irrigation and drainage ditch：Using 3 grades of irrigation and drainage systems, plantation is dug zanjon in latter 1 year, is deepened year by year, reach furrow ditch width within 3 years
50cm, deep 60cm；Ring garden furrow width 50cm, deep 60cm；
(3) it is colonized：Select more than 35cm, have the healthy and strong Sichuan red tangerine seedling of 3 branches, after young sprout is aging on once
It is colonized before rudiment, mu plants 50 plants；
(4) cultivation management：
A. earsh
A. culture dwarfing is tree-like：First Year, puts the tip 3 times, respectively May, July, late August；Second Year, puts the tip 4 times, point
Wei not March, May, July, September；Bearing-age tree at the beginning of 3rd, puts the tip 3 times, respectively March, July early and middle ten dayses, September；Tip length control every time
System, within 20cm, stays 10 leaves；
B. bud picking control shoot：Erase in beginning sprouting discharge 5cm, continuously smear 4 times, when every plant of bud having more than 70% is sprouted
Send out, when full garden has 70% tree to sprout, just the tip is put in unification, and every base tip stays young sprout 3；
C. bracing wire shaping：Too small to crotch angle is past drop-down, and position branch is to loosening 85 ° of posterior division angle；
D. rich water quality management：Earsh applies the peanut press pulp fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed every year 2 times, strong tip fertilizer then sprouting 3cm to certainly cut when
Impose instant high tower nitrate-based compound fertilizer；First Year applies liquid manure amount：Every plant of whole year of annual tree applies soyabean bran 0.5kg, urea and multiple
The each 0.35kg in Hefei；Every plant of Second Year applies soyabean bran 1kg, urea and each 0.75kg of composite fertilizer；Young sprout applies 30：10：The 15 natural height of profit
Nitrogen type Water soluble fertilizer, concentration is 250 times of liquid, every tip 2 times, and young sprout growth period keeps soil to moisten；
B. bearing-age tree
A. soil management：Start within the 3rd year after field planting to expand cave, carry out after annual autumn growth is aging, plant hole both sides original every time
Expand cave, the long 100cm in cave, wide 50cm, deep 40cm, layering embedment farmyard manure and pulverized limestone, earthing；Annual rotation direction is expanded once,
Continuously dig 3 years；
B. irrigation and drainage and intertillage：Spring rudiment, little fruiting period of blooming keep ground moistening；Summer should be based on draining；Autumn is
Bearing basal shoot growth and fruit expanding period, mainly irrigate；Winter is to promote bud differentiation, water to be controlled after Winter Solstice；Annual
To winter before autumn drought, Gan Yuan intertillage is loosened the soil 3 times；
c：Nutrition and fertilising：
1. the spring tip is fertile：Late Febuary applies based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, accounts for the 20% of annual dose；Blue or green strong tree, first fruit tree see flower
Flower bud refertilizes；
2. thank to colored fruitlet fertile：Start Xie Huashi and apply composite fertilizer, account for the 10% of annual total fertilization amount；
3. autumn growth is fertile：Putting autumn growth first 20 days, imposing instant high tower nitrate-based compound fertilizer cooperation fertilizer, account for annual fertilising
The 40% of total amount；
4. bud differentiation is fertile：Flower bud differentiation period apply the chicken manure that is 30 parts by weight portion, 10 parts of bio-bacterial manure, 3 parts
Calcium magnesium phosphate, 1.2 parts of composite fertilizer, the fertilizer of 0.06 part of the earth boron composition；
5. fertilizer after adopting before adopting：Veteran or many trees that bear fruit can coordinate ridging fertilising 1 time before fruit picking, be affixed by multiple with fertilizer
Hefei, accounts for the 10% of annual total fertilization amount；
6. spring tip germination period：Apply the instant nitrate-based compound fertilizer of 51%；
7. bearing basal shoot germination period：Apply 51% Humic acid synergistic composite fertilizer；
8. fruit expanding period：Apply the people and animals liquid dung 30kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, 51% nitrate-based compound fertilizer 3kg for every plant；
d：Prune：
1. the summer cuts：Carry out within first 15 days putting autumn growth, based on cutting back, supplemented by sparse branching, peripheral the falling in cutting back tree crown middle and upper part
Flowers and fruits branch, decline branch and besom branch, retain long 10cm, the branch stake of thick 0.8cm clip；Summer cuts rear bud picking 2 times；
2. the winter cuts：Carry out after fruit picking, prune overstocked intersection branch, thin and delicate fruitful branch, deadwood, sick branch, cutting back periphery fruit off
Ball branch and decline branch；Aged tree will bounce back, pruning of bearing down on one.
Embodiment 3
(1) site preparation and a knoll：First ground plough is turned over weathering, smooth, then press 3 × 4m seeding row spacing and play furrow or a pier, knoll
Wide 100cm, high 40cm, ridging year by year expands knoll；
(2) build irrigation and drainage ditch：Using 3 grades of irrigation and drainage systems, plantation is dug zanjon in latter 1 year, is deepened year by year, reach furrow ditch width within 3 years
40cm, deep 50cm；Ring garden furrow width 50cm, deep 50cm；
(3) it is colonized：Select more than 35cm, have the healthy and strong trifoliate orange grafting seedling of 3 branches, after young sprout is aging on once sprout
It is colonized before bud, mu plants 50 plants；
(4) cultivation management：
A. earsh
A. culture dwarfing is tree-like：First Year, puts the tip 3 times, respectively May, July, late August；Second Year, puts the tip 4 times, point
Wei not March, May, July, September；Bearing-age tree at the beginning of 3rd, puts the tip 3 times, respectively March, July early and middle ten dayses, September；Tip length control every time
System, within 20cm, stays 9 leaves；
B. bud picking control shoot：Erase when beginning sprouting spues 2～5cm, continuously smear 2～4 times, when every plant has more than 70%
Bud is sprouted, and when full garden has 70% tree to sprout, just the tip is put in unification, and every base tip stays young sprout 3；
C. bracing wire shaping：Too small to crotch angle is past drop-down, and position branch is to loosening 60 ° of posterior division angle；
D. rich water quality management：Earsh applies the peanut press pulp fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed every year 2 times, strong tip fertilizer then sprouting 3cm to certainly cut when
Impose instant high tower nitrate-based compound fertilizer；First Year applies liquid manure amount：Every plant of whole year of annual tree applies soyabean bran 0.45kg, urea and multiple
The each 0.3kg in Hefei；Every plant of Second Year applies soyabean bran 0.8kg, urea and each 0.65kg of composite fertilizer；Young sprout applies composite foliage fertilizer, concentration
For 250 times of liquid, every tip 1 time, young sprout growth period keeps soil to moisten；
B. bearing-age tree
A. soil management：Start within the 3rd year after field planting to expand cave, carry out after annual autumn growth is aging, plant hole both sides original every time
Expand cave, the long 100cm in cave, wide 50cm, deep 40cm, layering embedment farmyard manure and pulverized limestone, earthing；Annual rotation direction is expanded once,
Continuously dig 2 years；
B. irrigation and drainage and intertillage：Spring rudiment, little fruiting period of blooming keep ground moistening；Summer should be based on draining；Autumn is
Bearing basal shoot growth and fruit expanding period, mainly irrigate；Winter is to promote bud differentiation, water to be controlled after Winter Solstice；Annual
To winter before autumn drought, Gan Yuan intertillage is loosened the soil 2 times；
c：Nutrition and fertilising：
1. the spring tip is fertile：Late Febuary applies based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, accounts for the 17% of annual dose；Blue or green strong tree, first fruit tree see flower
Flower bud refertilizes；
2. thank to colored fruitlet fertile：Start Xie Huashi and apply composite fertilizer, account for the 10% of annual total fertilization amount；
3. autumn growth is fertile：Putting autumn growth first 15 days, imposing instant high tower nitrate-based compound fertilizer cooperation fertilizer, account for annual fertilising
The 35% of total amount；
4. bud differentiation is fertile：Apply the chicken manure being 25 parts by weight portion, 5 parts of bio-bacterial manure, 2 parts of calcium in flower bud differentiation period
Magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer, 0.8 part of composite fertilizer, the fertilizer of 0.04 part of the earth boron composition；
5. fertilizer after adopting before adopting：Veteran or many trees that bear fruit can coordinate ridging fertilising 1 time before fruit picking, be affixed by multiple with fertilizer
Hefei, accounts for the 10% of annual total fertilization amount；
6. spring tip germination period：Apply the instant nitrate-based compound fertilizer of 51%；
7. bearing basal shoot germination period：Apply 51% Humic acid synergistic composite fertilizer；
8. fruit expanding period：Apply the people and animals liquid dung 25kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, 51% nitrate-based compound fertilizer 2kg for every plant；
d：Prune：
1. the summer cuts：Carry out within first 12 days putting autumn growth, based on cutting back, supplemented by sparse branching, peripheral the falling in cutting back tree crown middle and upper part
Flowers and fruits branch, decline branch and besom branch, retain long 8cm, the branch stake of thick 0.7cm clip；Summer cuts rear bud picking 1 time；
2. the winter cuts：Carry out after fruit picking, prune overstocked intersection branch, thin and delicate fruitful branch, deadwood, sick branch, cutting back periphery fruit off
Ball branch and decline branch；Aged tree will bounce back, pruning of bearing down on one.
In order to beneficial effects of the present invention are described in more detail, specific result of the test also provided below.
Choose one piece of paddy planting ground, be divided into two pieces of plot A and B of the same area, A and B area are 5 mu, often per mu
Cultivation 50 plants of same breed, tribute mandarin oranges of seedling age.A plot adopts the tribute mandarin orange cultivation management method described in the embodiment of the present invention 1, B ground
Block, using other cultivation management methods, after cultivating 5 years, compares A and plants situation with B plot, as shown in the table：
| Plot | Fruit average diameter (100, sample)/mm | Per mu yield/kg |
| A | 77.5 | 6773 |
| B | 74.3 | 6102 |
As can be seen here, the tribute mandarin orange paddy field cultural method of the present invention has the raising beneficial effect such as tribute mandarin orange quality and yield.
Above content it cannot be assumed that the present invention be embodied as be confined to these explanations, the affiliated technology neck for the present invention
For the those of ordinary skill in domain, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some simple deduction or replace can also be made,
The scope of patent protection that the present invention is determined all should be considered as belonging to by the claims submitted to.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of tribute mandarin orange paddy field high yield cultivating method is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) site preparation and a knoll：First ground plough is turned over weathering, smooth, then press 3 × 4m seeding row spacing and play furrow or a pier, knoll width
100cm, high 30～50cm, ridging year by year expands knoll；
(2) build irrigation and drainage ditch：Using 3 grades of irrigation and drainage systems, plantation digs zanjon in latter 1 year, deepens year by year, reach within 3 years furrow ditch wide by 30～
50cm, deep 35～60cm；Ring garden furrow width 50cm, deep 40～60cm；
(3) it is colonized：Select more than 35cm, have the healthy and strong seedling of 2～3 branches, after young sprout is aging on once before rudiment calmly
Plant, mu plants 50 plants；
(4) cultivation management：
A. earsh
A. culture dwarfing is tree-like：First Year, puts the tip 3 times, respectively May, July, late August；Second Year, puts the tip 4 times, respectively
March, May, July, September；Bearing-age tree at the beginning of 3rd, puts the tip 3 times, respectively March, July early and middle ten dayses, September；Tip length controls every time
Within 20cm, stay 8～10 leaves；
B. bud picking control shoot：Erase when beginning sprouting spues 2～5cm, continuously smear 2～4 times, when every plant of bud having more than 70% is sprouted
Send out, when full garden has 70% tree to sprout, just the tip is put in unification, and every base tip stays young sprout 2～3；
C. bracing wire shaping：Too small to crotch angle is past drop-down, and position branch is to loosening 45～85 ° of posterior division angle；
D. rich water quality management：Earsh applies the peanut press pulp fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed every year 1～2 time, strong tip fertilizer then sprouting 3cm to certainly cut when apply
With instant high tower nitrate-based compound fertilizer；First Year applies liquid manure amount：Every plant of whole year of annual tree applies soyabean bran 0.4～0.5kg, urea and
Each 0.25～the 0.35kg of composite fertilizer；Every plant of Second Year applies soyabean bran 0.75～1kg, urea and each 0.50～0.75kg of composite fertilizer；Newly
The tip applies foliage fertilizer, and concentration is 250 times of liquid, every tip 1～2 time, and young sprout growth period keeps soil to moisten；
B. bearing-age tree
A. soil management：Start within the 3rd year after field planting to expand cave, carry out after annual autumn growth is aging, expand on original hole both sides of planting every time
Cave, the long 100cm in cave, wide 50cm, deep 40cm, layering embedment farmyard manure and pulverized limestone, earthing；Annual rotation direction is expanded once, even
Continue and dig 2～3 years；
B. irrigation and drainage and intertillage：Spring rudiment, little fruiting period of blooming keep ground moistening；Summer should be based on draining；Autumn is result
Female branch growth and fruit expanding period, mainly irrigate；Winter is to promote bud differentiation, water to be controlled after Winter Solstice；In drought of annual autumn
Front to winter, Gan Yuan intertillage is loosened the soil 1～3 time；
c：Nutrition and fertilising：
1. the spring tip is fertile：Late Febuary applies based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, accounts for the 15%～20% of annual dose；Blue or green strong tree, first fruit tree are seen
Bud refertilizes；
2. thank to colored fruitlet fertile：Start Xie Huashi and apply composite fertilizer, account for the 10% of annual total fertilization amount；
3. autumn growth is fertile：10～20 days before putting autumn growth, impose instant high tower nitrate-based compound fertilizer cooperation fertilizer, account for annual fertilising
The 30～40% of total amount；
4. bud differentiation is fertile：Flower bud differentiation period apply the chicken manure being 20～30 parts by weight portion, 3～10 parts of bio-bacterial manure, 1～
3 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 0.3～1.2 part of composite fertilizer, the fertilizer of 0.02～0.06 part of the earth boron composition；
5. fertilizer after adopting before adopting：Veteran or many trees that bear fruit can coordinate ridging fertilising 1 time before fruit picking, be affixed by compound with fertilizer
Fertilizer, accounts for the 10% of annual total fertilization amount；
6. spring tip germination period：Apply the instant nitrate-based compound fertilizer of 51%；
7. bearing basal shoot germination period：Apply 51% Humic acid synergistic composite fertilizer；
8. fruit expanding period：Apply the people and animals liquid dung 15～30kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, 51% nitrate-based compound fertilizer 1～3kg for every plant；
d：Prune：
1. the summer cuts：Carry out within 10～15 days before putting autumn growth, based on cutting back, supplemented by sparse branching, peripheral the falling in cutting back tree crown middle and upper part
Flowers and fruits branch, decline branch and besom branch, retain long 6～10cm, the branch stake of thick 0.7～0.8cm clip；Summer cuts rear bud picking 1～2 time；
2. the winter cuts：Carry out after fruit picking, prune overstocked intersection branch, thin and delicate fruitful branch, deadwood, sick branch, cutting back periphery fruit ball branch off
With decline branch；Aged tree will bounce back, pruning of bearing down on one.
2. tribute mandarin orange paddy field high yield cultivating method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described seedling stock includes acid
Tangerine, Sichuan red tangerine, Jiangxi red tangerine, trifoliate orange.
3. tribute mandarin orange paddy field high yield cultivating method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described foliage fertilizer is green sweet smell prestige 1
Number, 30：10：15 moisten natural high nitrogen type Water soluble fertilizer, composite fertilizer.
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