CN110258108B - 一种棉织物的抗皱整理方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于棉织物整理技术领域，公开了一种棉织物的抗皱整理方法，先通过将棉织物浸泡于柠檬酸水溶液中进行抗皱处理，再浸泡于高浓度模拟体液中，并同时滴加钛酸四丁酯的乙醇溶液，使掺杂钛的羟基磷灰石原位生长于棉织物的纤维上，再利用SiO2‑蛋白杂化处理液进行浸泡处理，使SiO2‑蛋白杂化材料吸附在掺杂钛的羟基磷灰石表面，最后通过紫外辐照对蛋白进行固定。本发明处理后的棉织物具有优良的抗皱性能、抗皱持久性以及服用性能，而且舒适度高、安全无毒，是一种高效、环境友好的棉织物抗皱整理方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及棉织物整理技术领域，尤其涉及一种棉织物的抗皱整理方法。
背景技术
棉纤维是一种服用性能优良的天然纤维，具有柔软、舒适、透气、吸湿性好等特点。近年来随着人们生活水平的提高，健康环保意识的增强，棉纤维制作的服装备受消费者的青睐。但是，棉织物存在易变形、易折皱的缺点，在穿着以及洗涤烘干之后容易起皱，严重影响美观，需要经常熨烫，给人们生活带来许多不便。棉织物的抗皱整理也成为极为重要的后整理加工工艺。
棉织物的起皱主要是由于在纤维素分子受到较大外力作用后，分子中原有的氢键发生断裂，使结构单元产生位移，并在新的位置形成氢键，形变得不到恢复而造成的。目前，主要通过抗皱整理剂来实现棉织物的抗皱整理功能。传统的树脂整理剂能通过与纤维素分子上大量的反应性基团发生交联，限制结构单元的位移，抗皱效果较好，但其整理后的棉织物在使用过程中会释放甲醛，对人体健康产生损害。多元羧酸类抗皱整理剂具有无甲醛、绿色安全、环境友好的特点，成为目前研究开发的一个重要方向。其中，柠檬酸由于价格低廉、来源广泛，具有其独特的优势。但是，柠檬酸整理的耐水洗性差，抗皱效果不能持久。而且，其整理后的织物泛黄、强力损失较大，对织物的服用性能产生不良影响。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了提供一种棉织物的抗皱整理方法，使整理后的棉织物具有优良的抗皱性能、抗皱持久性以及服用性能。
为达到上述目的，本发明所采取的技术方案为：
一种棉织物的抗皱整理方法，包括下述步骤：
(1)将棉织物浸泡于浓度为8-12％的柠檬酸水溶液中于浴比为1：(40-50)、温度为60-80℃的条件下处理0.5-1h，取出后用清水洗涤干净；
(2)将步骤(1)洗涤后的棉织物浸泡于高浓度模拟体液处理液中，在加热搅拌条件下缓慢滴加相当于所述高浓度模拟体液处理液重量3-5％的钛酸四丁酯的乙醇溶液，滴加完毕后在温度、转速不变的条件下继续保温搅拌2-4h，然后停止搅拌，在温度不变的条件下保温静置12-24h，然后取出，用水清洗后于80-90℃烘干，得到掺杂改性的棉织物；
(3)将步骤(2)得到的掺杂改性的棉织物浸泡于SiO2-蛋白杂化处理液中于30-37℃、100-200r/min条件下振荡吸附0.5-1h，取出后用清水冲洗，紫外辐照处理0.5-1h，然后于70-80℃预烘5-10min，于110-120℃焙烘3-5min，最后于80-90℃烘干，待用。
优选地，所述高浓度模拟体液处理液为4-5倍浓度的模拟体液溶液。
优选地，所述模拟体液溶液包括下述组分：NaCl 8.035g/L，NaHCO3 0.355g/L，KCl0.225g/L，K2HPO4·3H2O 0.231g/L，MgCl2·6H2O 0.311g/L，HCl 0.039mol/L，CaCl20.292g/L，Na2SO4 0.072g/L。
优选地，所述棉织物与高浓度模拟体液处理液的重量比为1：(20-30)。
优选地，所述步骤(2)中加热搅拌的条件如下：温度为40-60℃，转速为400-800r/min。
优选地，所述钛酸四丁酯的乙醇溶液的质量分数为5-10％。
优选地，所述SiO2-蛋白杂化处理液的制备方法如下：将质量分数为3-5％的正硅酸乙酯乙醇溶液缓慢滴入质量分数为5-10％的蛋白水溶液中，将pH调至6-7，于30-35℃、600-1000r/min搅拌2-4h，即得。
优选地，所述蛋白选自胶原蛋白、丝素蛋白、大豆蛋白中的一种或者几种的混合。
优选地，所述掺杂改性的棉织物与SiO2-蛋白杂化处理液的重量比为1：(15-25)。
优选地，所述紫外辐照处理的辐照强度为5-15mW/cm2。
本发明的有益效果如下：
本发明先通过将棉织物浸泡于柠檬酸水溶液中进行抗皱处理，再浸泡于高浓度模拟体液中，并同时滴加钛酸四丁酯的乙醇溶液，使掺杂钛的羟基磷灰石原位生长于棉织物的纤维上，再利用SiO2-蛋白杂化处理液进行浸泡处理，使SiO2-蛋白杂化材料吸附在掺杂钛的羟基磷灰石表面，最后通过紫外辐照对蛋白进行固定，从而在棉织物表面形成高结合力、高稳定性、高强度的杂化复合层。通过上述棉织物的整理方法，克服了单一柠檬酸抗皱整理存在的缺陷，全面改善棉织物的抗皱性、抗皱持久性以及强力、白度、舒适性等服用性能，该方法具有高效、安全无毒、对环境友好的特点，具有极高的社会价值和经济价值。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明所述技术方案作进一步的说明。
实施例1
一种棉织物的抗皱整理方法，包括下述步骤：
(1)将棉织物浸泡于浓度为8％的柠檬酸水溶液中于浴比为1：40、温度为60℃的条件下处理0.5h，取出后用清水洗涤干净；
(2)将步骤(1)洗涤后的棉织物浸泡于高浓度模拟体液处理液中，在温度为40℃，转速为400r/min加热搅拌条件下缓慢滴加相当于所述高浓度模拟体液处理液重量3％的质量分数为5％的钛酸四丁酯的乙醇溶液，滴加完毕后在温度、转速不变的条件下继续保温搅拌2h，然后停止搅拌，在温度不变的条件下保温静置12h，然后取出，用水清洗后于80℃烘干，得到掺杂改性的棉织物；
(3)将步骤(2)得到的掺杂改性的棉织物浸泡于SiO2-蛋白杂化处理液中于30℃、100r/min条件下振荡吸附0.5h，取出后用清水冲洗，在辐照强度为5mW/cm2的条件下紫外辐照处理0.5h，然后于70℃预烘5min，于110℃焙烘3min，最后于80℃烘干，待用。
其中，高浓度模拟体液处理液为4倍浓度的模拟体液溶液。
其中，模拟体液溶液包括下述组分：NaCl 8.035g/L，NaHCO3 0.355g/L，KCl0.225g/L，K2HPO4·3H2O 0.231g/L，MgCl2·6H2O 0.311g/L，HCl 0.039mol/L，CaCl20.292g/L，Na2SO4 0.072g/L。
其中，棉织物与高浓度模拟体液处理液的重量比为1：20。
其中，SiO2-蛋白杂化处理液的制备方法如下：将质量分数为3％的正硅酸乙酯乙醇溶液缓慢滴入质量分数为5％的丝素蛋白水溶液中，将pH调至6，于30℃、600r/min搅拌2h，即得。
其中，掺杂改性的棉织物与SiO2-蛋白杂化处理液的重量比为1：15。
实施例2
一种棉织物的抗皱整理方法，包括下述步骤：
(1)将棉织物浸泡于浓度为12％的柠檬酸水溶液中于浴比为1：50、温度为80℃的条件下处理1h，取出后用清水洗涤干净；
(2)将步骤(1)洗涤后的棉织物浸泡于高浓度模拟体液处理液中，在温度为60℃，转速为800r/min加热搅拌条件下缓慢滴加相当于所述高浓度模拟体液处理液重量5％的质量分数为10％的钛酸四丁酯的乙醇溶液，滴加完毕后在温度、转速不变的条件下继续保温搅拌4h，然后停止搅拌，在温度不变的条件下保温静置24h，然后取出，用水清洗后于90℃烘干，得到掺杂改性的棉织物；
(3)将步骤(2)得到的掺杂改性的棉织物浸泡于SiO2-蛋白杂化处理液中于37℃、200r/min条件下振荡吸附1h，取出后用清水冲洗，于辐照强度为15mW/cm2条件下紫外辐照处理1h，然后于80℃预烘10min，于120℃焙烘5min，最后于90℃烘干，待用。
其中，高浓度模拟体液处理液为5倍浓度的模拟体液溶液。
其中，模拟体液溶液包括下述组分：NaCl 8.035g/L，NaHCO3 0.355g/L，KCl0.225g/L，K2HPO4·3H2O 0.231g/L，MgCl2·6H2O 0.311g/L，HCl 0.039mol/L，CaCl20.292g/L，Na2SO4 0.072g/L。
其中，棉织物与高浓度模拟体液处理液的重量比为1：30。
其中，SiO2-蛋白杂化处理液的制备方法如下：将质量分数为5％的正硅酸乙酯乙醇溶液缓慢滴入质量分数为10％的大豆蛋白水溶液中，将pH调至7，于35℃、1000r/min搅拌4h，即得。
其中，掺杂改性的棉织物与SiO2-蛋白杂化处理液的重量比为1：25。
对比例1
本对比例与实施例1的区别仅在于：不添加SiO2-蛋白杂化处理液进行处理，具体步骤如下：
(1)将棉织物浸泡于浓度为8％的柠檬酸水溶液中于浴比为1：40、温度为60℃的条件下处理0.5h，取出后用清水洗涤干净；
(2)将步骤(1)洗涤后的棉织物浸泡于高浓度模拟体液处理液中，在温度为40℃，转速为400r/min加热搅拌条件下缓慢滴加相当于所述高浓度模拟体液处理液重量3％的质量分数为5％的钛酸四丁酯的乙醇溶液，滴加完毕后在温度、转速不变的条件下继续保温搅拌2h，然后停止搅拌，在温度不变的条件下保温静置12h，然后取出，用水清洗后于70℃预烘5min，于110℃焙烘3min，最后于80℃烘干，待用。
其中，高浓度模拟体液处理液为4倍浓度的模拟体液溶液。
其中，模拟体液溶液包括下述组分：NaCl 8.035g/L，NaHCO3 0.355g/L，KCl0.225g/L，K2HPO4·3H2O 0.231g/L，MgCl2·6H2O 0.311g/L，HCl 0.039mol/L，CaCl20.292g/L，Na2SO4 0.072g/L。
其中，棉织物与高浓度模拟体液处理液的重量比为1：20。
对比例2
本对比例与实施例1的区别仅在于：不进行掺杂改性处理，具体步骤如下：
(1)将棉织物浸泡于浓度为8％的柠檬酸水溶液中于浴比为1：40、温度为60℃的条件下处理0.5h，取出后用清水洗涤干净；
(2)将步骤(1)洗涤后的棉织物于80℃烘干，然后浸泡于SiO2-蛋白杂化处理液中于30℃、100r/min条件下振荡吸附0.5h，取出后用清水冲洗，在辐照强度为5mW/cm2的条件下紫外辐照处理0.5h，然后于70℃预烘5min，于110℃焙烘3min，最后于80℃烘干，待用。
其中，SiO2-蛋白杂化处理液的制备方法如下：将质量分数为3％的正硅酸乙酯乙醇溶液缓慢滴入质量分数为5％的丝素蛋白水溶液中，将pH调至6，于30℃、600r/min搅拌2h，即得。
其中，掺杂改性的棉织物与SiO2-蛋白杂化处理液的重量比为1：15。
对比例3
本对比例与实施例1的区别仅在于：不进行掺杂改性处理，也不添加SiO2-蛋白杂化处理液进行处理，具体步骤如下：
将棉织物浸泡于浓度为8％的柠檬酸水溶液中于浴比为1：40、温度为60℃的条件下处理0.5h，取出后用清水洗涤干净，然后于70℃预烘5min，于110℃焙烘3min，最后于80℃烘干，待用。
以折皱回复角为136°、经向断裂强力为322.5N、白度为91.2的棉织物为原棉织物，分别采用实施例1-2以及对比例1-3的整理方法对其进行整理，然后对整理后的棉织物进行性能测试，测试指标包括初始折皱回复角、断裂强力保留率、白度以及水洗30次后的折皱回复角，其中折皱回复角、断裂强力保留率测试方法按照《GB/T 3819-1997纺织品织物折痕回复性的测定回复角法》、《GB_T 3923.1-2013_纺织品织物拉伸性能第1部分:断裂强力和断裂伸长》，白度测试采用WSD-3全自动白度仪。水洗采用5g/L的洗衣粉，浴比为1:100。测试结果如下表所示：
由此可见，本发明的抗皱整理方法整理后的棉织物不仅抗皱性能和抗皱持久性好，还具有高强力、高白度，服用性能优良。
Claims (7)
1.一种棉织物的抗皱整理方法，其特征在于，包括下述步骤：
（1）将棉织物浸泡于浓度为8-12%的柠檬酸水溶液中于浴比为1：（40-50）、温度为60-80℃的条件下处理0.5-1h，取出后用清水洗涤干净；
（2）将步骤（1）洗涤后的棉织物浸泡于高浓度模拟体液处理液中，在加热搅拌条件下缓慢滴加相当于所述高浓度模拟体液处理液重量3-5%的钛酸四丁酯的乙醇溶液，滴加完毕后在温度、转速不变的条件下继续保温搅拌2-4h，然后停止搅拌，在温度不变的条件下保温静置12-24h，然后取出，用水清洗后于80-90℃烘干，得到掺杂改性的棉织物；
（3）将步骤（2）得到的掺杂改性的棉织物浸泡于SiO2-蛋白杂化处理液中于30-37℃、100-200r/min条件下振荡吸附0.5-1h，取出后用清水冲洗，紫外辐照处理0.5-1h，然后于70-80℃预烘5-10min，于110-120℃焙烘3-5min，最后于80-90℃烘干，待用；
所述高浓度模拟体液处理液为4-5倍浓度的模拟体液溶液；
所述模拟体液溶液包括下述组分：NaCl 8.035g/L，NaHCO3 0.355g/L，KCl 0.225g/L，K2HPO4·3H2O 0.231g/L，MgCl2·6H2O 0.311g/L，HCl 0.039mol/L，CaCl2 0.292g/L，Na2SO40.072g/L；
所述SiO2-蛋白杂化处理液的制备方法如下：将质量分数为3-5%的正硅酸乙酯乙醇溶液缓慢滴入质量分数为5-10%的蛋白水溶液中，将pH调至6-7，于30-35℃、600-1000r/min搅拌2-4h，即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种棉织物的抗皱整理方法，其特征在于，所述棉织物与高浓度模拟体液处理液的重量比为1：（20-30）。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种棉织物的抗皱整理方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（2）中加热搅拌的条件如下：温度为40-60℃，转速为400-800r/min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种棉织物的抗皱整理方法，其特征在于，所述钛酸四丁酯的乙醇溶液的质量分数为5-10%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种棉织物的抗皱整理方法，其特征在于，所述蛋白选自胶原蛋白、丝素蛋白、大豆蛋白中的一种或者几种的混合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种棉织物的抗皱整理方法，其特征在于，所述掺杂改性的棉织物与SiO2-蛋白杂化处理液的重量比为1：（15-25）。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种棉织物的抗皱整理方法，其特征在于，所述紫外辐照处理的辐照强度为5-15mW/cm2。
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| CN105839387A (zh) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-08-10 | 太仓市锦达印染有限公司 | 棉织物的抗皱防变形整理工艺 |
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