CN110171996A - A kind of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer and preparation method thereof using activated sludge preparation - Google Patents
A kind of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer and preparation method thereof using activated sludge preparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110171996A CN110171996A CN201910330097.5A CN201910330097A CN110171996A CN 110171996 A CN110171996 A CN 110171996A CN 201910330097 A CN201910330097 A CN 201910330097A CN 110171996 A CN110171996 A CN 110171996A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of composite organic-inorganic fertilizers and preparation method thereof using activated sludge preparation.Described method includes following steps: S1: pressing dry to obtain filter cake after adjusting activated sludge；S2: by filtration cakes torrefaction；S3: and then filter cake is subjected to break process, it is then mixed with coal dust, calcines to obtain organic-biological charcoal；S4: gelatin factory phosphorus-containing waste slag and plant ash are mixed, and then adjust pH, obtain waste residue after standing curing；S5: organic-biological charcoal is crushed, and is then mixed with waste residue, is granulated, and drying is sieved up to the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer.Method processing cost provided by the invention is low, and effect is good, can make full use of activated sludge resource, and realization is turned waste into wealth；In addition, the heavy metal and other unfavorable elements in sludge are removed, it can be greatly improved and reach agricultural fertilizer standard, secondary pollution risk may be not present；The composite organic-inorganic fertilizer being prepared can greatly improve fertilizer efficiency, have considerable market outlet and profit prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Treatment of Sludge and resource recycling field, and in particular to a kind of having using activated sludge preparation
Machine inorganic composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
With the development of the city, the scale and treating capacity of municipal sewage plant are also constantly expanding.Activated sludge process is made
For presently the most mature bioanalysis, it is widely used in municipal wastewater processing, however the by-product as biological treatment process,
The surplus sludge volume of sewage treatment plant increases year by year, accounts for about the 0.3%~0.5% of water, and about 80% sludge not yet obtains
To dealing carefully with, processing and the disposal costs of sludge account for about the half of sewage treatment plant's operating cost, become the serious of sewage plant
Burden.The sludge yield of different processing method and processing unit is also different.In addition, excess sludge complicated component, usually contains
A large amount of poisonous and harmful substance, such as bacterium, virus, heavy metal, past will often abandon after excess sludge simple process to ring
In border, this not only causes damages to environment, but also ignores many recycling ingredient (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matters in sludge
Deng).How cost-effectively simultaneously Resource recovery has become research hotspot to treating excess sludge.At present at the existing sludge mainly used
The method of setting has:
1) sanitary landfills.This method refers to the landfill stabilization carried out to municipal refuse and waste in sanitary filling field.It is flourishing
The excess sludge of country about 38% is all handled by sanitary landfills.Landfill is in China using relatively broad.Sludge landfill
It is exactly that sludge is first carried out physics dehydration such as mechanism filter-pressing to be dehydrated, then the sludge of reduction in bulk is handled.Sludge is filled out
Simple process is buried, it is easy to operate, but biggish land area and high sludge freight are needed, it will cause dirts for misoperation
The problems such as contaminating underground water and toxic gas escape.
2) sludge incineration.Sludge incineration is i.e. under aerobic conditions, using the organic matter of sludge itself as fuel, realizes sludge body
Long-pending reduction and germ are killed, and the excess sludge of developed country about 10.5% is handled using incineration method.However incineration method exists
The problems such as equipment investment is big, operating cost is high, and be also easy to produce pollutant such as oxynitrides, carcinogenic substance dioxin etc., sludge
Effumability also results in combustion instability, damage boiler.
3) land resourceization utilizes.Since the valuableness of reduction and the sludge incineration of landfill yard land area, soil benefit can be used
With being considered as a kind of effective excess sludge method of disposal.Sludge landfill characteristics are i.e. by sludge is stabilized and harmless treatment
Afterwards, it is added in soil and promotes plant growth using organic matter therein and microelement (such as Ca, Mg, Cu).Soil benefit
With low energy consumption, it can be achieved that the resource utilization of sludge.But there are a large amount of germs in excess sludge, heavy metal and POPs etc. are difficult to degrade
Noxious material will cause the serious pollution in soil.
4) aerobic sigestion and anaerobic digestion.Sludge aerobic digestion passes through aeration aerating, and microorganism passes through endogenous in sludge
Respiratory metabolism is decomposed into the process of the simple inorganic matter such as carbon dioxide, water, because its is easy to operate, construction cost is low, is applied to small more
Type sewage treatment plant.With the further investigation of energy prices rise and anaerobic digestion, application is gradually decreased.Anaerobic sludge digestion
It is a kind of widely applied excess sludge facture, major defect is a certain amount of heavy metal of remaining in excess sludge, is being detested
It may make heavy metal release in oxygen digestion process, cause secondary pollution.
In conclusion residual active sludge processing at present and recycling are primarily present following problems:
1, existing method for sludge treatment such as sanitary landfills processing cost is higher, and land occupation is big；
2, sludge incineration method will cause valuable resource in sludge and waste, while cause into atmosphere secondary pollution；
3, land resource utilization or biological method processing easily exist although valuable resource is utilized in sludge
Heavy metal secondary pollution.
Therefore, it develops that a kind of processing cost is low, and resource makes full use of for activated sludge, not will cause the side of secondary pollution
Method has important research significance and economic value.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the processing of prior art sludge and recycling, there are processing cost height, resource benefits
With insufficient, the defect or deficiency of secondary pollution are easily caused, provides and a kind of prepares composite organic-inorganic fertilizer using activated sludge
Method.The present invention by activated sludge remove heavy metal after, be dried, then mix with coal dust progress charing process obtain it is organic
Charcoal, then organic-biological charcoal is mixed with other inorganic compounds, and aqueous moisturizing is prepared into using the fertile technique of the system that is granulated and is answered
Hefei can be used for flower planting.Method processing cost provided by the invention is low, and effect is good, can make full use of activated sludge resource,
Realization is turned waste into wealth；In addition, the heavy metal and other unfavorable elements in sludge are removed, it can be greatly improved and reach agricultural fertilizer
Secondary pollution risk may be not present in standard；The composite organic-inorganic fertilizer being prepared can greatly improve fertilizer efficiency, have considerable city
Field market and profit prospect.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of composite organic-inorganic fertilizers.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A method of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer being prepared using activated sludge, is included the following steps:
S1: the pH for adjusting activated sludge press dry to obtain filter cake after being 2~3；
S2: filtration cakes torrefaction to water content is not higher than 40%；
S3: and then it is 1~1.5cm that filter cake, which is carried out break process to its partial size, and the matter of 2:1~5:1 is then pressed with coal dust
Amount calcines to obtain organic-biological charcoal than mixing；
S4: gelatin factory phosphorus-containing waste slag and plant ash are mixed by the mass ratio of 1:1~1.5:1, then adjust pH be 5.5~
7, waste residue is obtained after standing curing；
S5: it is 50~100 mesh that organic-biological charcoal, which is crushed to partial size, then mixes, is granulated with waste residue, drying, and sieving is
Obtain the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer；The mass fraction of organic-biological charcoal is not less than 50% in the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer.
The present invention makes heavy metal hydroxide and the other precipitatings of heavy metal in sludge by adjusting the pH of activated sludge
Object dissolves, and realizes the removal of most of heavy metal ion in sludge after being pressed dry, it is subsequent handled after carry out benefit again
Secondary pollution risk is not present in used time.Then by dry, break process, and it is mixed with coal dust, charing obtains organic life
Object charcoal.In addition, obtaining waste residue, the phosphorus in releasable phosphorus-containing waste slag by phosphorus-containing waste slag and plant ash mixing and pH regulation, curing
Hydrochlorate, and make the K in plant ash2O is converted into K2SO4, wherein microelement is converted into water soluble sulfate；By organic-biological charcoal
It is mixed with waste residue, and aqueous moisture composite fertilizer is prepared into using the fertile technique of the system that is granulated, can be used for flower planting.
Method processing cost provided by the invention is low, and effect is good, can make full use of activated sludge resource, realize become give up into
It is precious；In addition, the heavy metal and other unfavorable elements in sludge are removed, it can be greatly improved and reach agricultural fertilizer standard, without
There are secondary pollution risks；The composite organic-inorganic fertilizer being prepared can greatly improve fertilizer efficiency, with considerable market outlet and
Profit prospect.
Preferably, the activated sludge is the excess sludge that municipal sewage plant is collected.
Preferably, pH is adjusted using one or more of sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid in S1.
Preferably, the water content of filter cake is 80~85% in S1.
Preferably, drying in S2 to water content is 25~40%.
Preferably, the partial size of coal dust is 0.3~0.5cm in S3.
Preferably, sulphur acid for adjusting pH is utilized in S4, the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid is 50~60%.
Preferably, phosphorus-containing waste slag is gelatin factory phosphorus-containing waste slag in S4.
Preferably, straw ash is power plant straw ash in S4.
Preferably, the time cured in S4 is 5~8 days.
Preferably, the mass fraction of organic-biological charcoal is 65~70% in S5 composite organic-inorganic fertilizer.
Composite organic-inorganic fertilizer is also claimed in the present invention, is prepared by above-mentioned preparation method.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The present invention makes heavy metal hydroxide and the other precipitatings of heavy metal in sludge by adjusting the pH of activated sludge
Object dissolves, and realizes the removal of most of heavy metal ion in sludge after being pressed dry, it is subsequent handled after carry out benefit again
Secondary pollution risk is not present in used time.Then by dry, break process, and it is mixed with coal dust, charing obtains organic life
Object charcoal.In addition, obtaining waste residue, the phosphorus in releasable phosphorus-containing waste slag by phosphorus-containing waste slag and plant ash mixing and pH regulation, curing
Hydrochlorate, and make the K in plant ash2O is converted into K2SO4, wherein microelement is converted into water soluble sulfate；By organic-biological charcoal
It is mixed with waste residue, and aqueous moisture composite fertilizer is prepared into using the fertile technique of the system that is granulated, can be used for flower planting.
Method processing cost provided by the invention is low, and effect is good, can make full use of activated sludge resource, realize become give up into
It is precious；In addition, the heavy metal and other unfavorable elements in sludge are removed, it can be greatly improved and reach agricultural fertilizer standard, without
There are secondary pollution risks；The composite organic-inorganic fertilizer being prepared can greatly improve fertilizer efficiency, with considerable market outlet and
Profit prospect.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further explained.These embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention rather than limitation
The scope of the present invention.Test method without specific conditions in lower example embodiment usually according to this field normal condition or is pressed
The condition suggested according to manufacturer；Used raw material, reagent etc., unless otherwise specified, being can be from the business such as conventional market
The raw materials and reagents that approach obtains.The variation for any unsubstantiality that those skilled in the art is done on the basis of the present invention
And replacement belongs to scope of the present invention.
The activated sludge that various embodiments of the present invention are selected is the excess sludge that municipal sewage plant is collected, through detecting,
Water content is 85%, (is calculated containing heavy metal Cd 123mg/kg with dewatered sludge), Cu 234mg/kg (is carried out with dewatered sludge
Calculate), Pb 63mg/kg (is calculated) with dewatered sludge, and Zn 1125mg/kg (is calculated) with dewatered sludge, Cr 67mg/kg
(being calculated with dewatered sludge), Ni 49mg/kg (are calculated) with dewatered sludge, and Hg 3.7mg/kg is (in terms of being carried out by dewatered sludge
Calculate), As 17mg/kg (is calculated) with dewatered sludge.
The phosphorus-containing waste slag that various embodiments of the present invention are selected is gelatin factory phosphorus-containing waste slag, is 6.5% through detection phosphorus content.
The straw ash that various embodiments of the present invention are selected is power plant straw ash, is 19.1% through detection potassium content.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, preparation method is as follows.
(1) activated sludge carbonizes: the excess sludge that municipal sewage plant is collected is concentrated in sludge conditioning pond first,
Its pH is adjusted 3 to remove part heavy metal using sulfuric acid solution, and pretreated activated sludge is pressed dry through filter press to aqueous again
Rate is in 85% range；Activated sludge filter cake through pressing dry enters Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System and is dried, by the moisture content in sludge into
One step is reduced to 40% range；Dried sludge enters crusher, is crushed to partial size in 1~1.5cm range, then will
Dry sludge is that 2:1 is mixed, and the mixture is continuously put into the coal dust that partial size is 0.3~0.5cm by weight
Organic charcoal is prepared into retort, the matrix of the moisture-keeping, fertilizer-keeping as preparation compound fertilizer；By the organic-biological of above-mentioned preparation
Charcoal is crushed to production of the partial size in 50~100 mesh ranges, for subsequent compound fertilizer with pulverizer.
(2) compounding ingredient processing: with power plant straw ash being that 1.5:1 is mixed by gelatin factory phosphorus-containing waste slag by weight
It closes, the concentrated sulfuric acid adjustment pH for being then added 60% reaches 7, the curing of its natural reaction of 8 angels is placed, to discharge phosphoric acid therein
Salt, and make the K in straw ash2O is converted into K2SO4, wherein microelement is converted into water soluble sulfate.
(3) organic-inorganic meets fertile granulation: by the organic-biological charcoal of the waste residue of processing activated in above-mentioned steps and crushing,
Compound is carried out in the ratio of organic-biological charcoal quality 65%, is sent into roller pelletizer and is granulated with belt conveyor after stirring evenly, at
It is sent into roller drying machine after grain, is dried in dryer, product finally is made through processes such as sieving, cooling, packagings.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, preparation method is as follows.
(1) activated sludge carbonizes: the excess sludge that municipal sewage plant is collected is concentrated in sludge conditioning pond first,
Its pH is adjusted 2 to remove part heavy metal using sulfuric acid solution, and pretreated activated sludge is pressed dry through filter press to aqueous again
Rate is in 80% range；Activated sludge filter cake through pressing dry enters Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System and is dried, by the moisture content in sludge into
One step is reduced to 25% range；Dried sludge enters crusher, is crushed to partial size in 1~1.5cm range, then will
Dry sludge is that 5:1 is mixed, and the mixture is continuously put into the coal dust that partial size is 0.3~0.5cm by weight
Organic charcoal is prepared into retort, the matrix of the moisture-keeping, fertilizer-keeping as preparation compound fertilizer；By the organic-biological of above-mentioned preparation
Charcoal is crushed to production of the partial size in 50~100 mesh ranges, for subsequent compound fertilizer with pulverizer.
(2) compounding ingredient processing: with power plant straw ash being that 1:1 is mixed by gelatin factory phosphorus-containing waste slag by weight,
Then the sulfuric acid adjustment pH for being added 50% reaches 5.5, places the curing of its natural reaction of 5 angels, to discharge phosphate therein, and
Make the K in straw ash2O is converted into K2SO4, wherein microelement is converted into water soluble sulfate.
(3) composite organic-inorganic fertilizer is granulated: by the organic-biological charcoal of the waste residue of processing activated in above-mentioned steps and crushing,
Compound is carried out in the ratio that organic-biological charcoal quality is 70%, is sent into roller pelletizer and is granulated with belt conveyor after stirring evenly,
It is sent into roller drying machine after granulating, is dried in dryer, product finally is made through processes such as sieving, cooling, packagings.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, preparation method is as follows.
(1) activated sludge carbonizes: the excess sludge that municipal sewage plant is collected is concentrated in sludge conditioning pond first,
Its pH is adjusted 2.5 to remove part heavy metal using sulfuric acid solution, pretreated activated sludge is pressed dry through filter press to containing again
Water rate is in 83% range；Activated sludge filter cake through pressing dry enters Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System and is dried, by the moisture content in sludge
It is further reduced to 32% range；Dried sludge enters crusher, is crushed to partial size in 1~1.5cm range, then
By dry sludge with the coal dust that partial size is 0.3~0.5cm by weight it is that 3.5:1 is mixed, and the mixture is continuous
It puts into retort and prepares organic charcoal, the matrix of the moisture-keeping, fertilizer-keeping as preparation compound fertilizer；By the organic of above-mentioned preparation
Charcoal is crushed to production of the partial size in 50~100 mesh ranges, for subsequent compound fertilizer with pulverizer.
(2) compounding ingredient processing: with power plant straw ash being that 1.2:1 is mixed by gelatin factory phosphorus-containing waste slag by weight
It closing, the sulfuric acid adjustment pH for being then added 55% reaches 6, the curing of its natural reaction of 6 angels is placed, to discharge phosphate therein,
And make K in straw ash2O is converted into K2SO4, wherein microelement is converted into water soluble sulfate.
(3) composite organic-inorganic fertilizer is granulated: by the organic-biological charcoal of the waste residue of processing activated in above-mentioned steps and crushing,
Compound is carried out in the ratio that organic-biological charcoal quality is 68%, is sent into roller pelletizer and is granulated with belt conveyor after stirring evenly,
It is sent into roller drying machine after granulating, is dried in dryer, product finally is made through processes such as sieving, cooling, packagings.
All kinds of performance indicators in composite organic-inorganic fertilizer in Examples 1 and 2 are measured, it is multiple to meet organic and inorganic
Complex fertilizer material national standard (GB 18877-2009), (measuring method is shown in 18877-2009 institute of GB to test result such as Tables 1 and 2
State standard method.
The composite organic-inorganic fertilizer measurement result that 1 Examples 1 and 2 of table provide
The composite organic-inorganic fertilizer measurement result that 2 Examples 1 and 2 of table provide
It can be seen from the above, method processing cost provided by the invention is low, effect is good, can make full use of activated sludge resource,
Realization is turned waste into wealth；In addition, the heavy metal and other unfavorable elements in sludge are removed, it can be greatly improved and reach agricultural fertilizer
Secondary pollution risk may be not present in standard；The composite organic-inorganic fertilizer being prepared can greatly improve fertilizer efficiency, have considerable city
Field market and profit prospect.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that embodiment here be to help reader understand it is of the invention
Principle, it should be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments and embodiments.This field it is common
Technical staff disclosed the technical disclosures can make the various various other tools for not departing from essence of the invention according to the present invention
Body variations and combinations, these variations and combinations are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for preparing composite organic-inorganic fertilizer using activated sludge, which comprises the steps of:
S1: the pH for adjusting activated sludge press dry to obtain filter cake after being 2~3；
S2: filtration cakes torrefaction to water content is not higher than 40%；
S3: and then it is 1~1.5cm that filter cake, which is carried out break process to its partial size, and the mass ratio of 2:1~5:1 is then pressed with coal dust
Mixing, calcines to obtain organic-biological charcoal；
S4: gelatin factory phosphorus-containing waste slag and plant ash are mixed by the mass ratio of 1:1~1.5:1, then adjusting pH is 5.5~7, quiet
Waste residue is obtained after setting curing；
S5: it is 50~100 mesh that organic-biological charcoal, which is crushed to partial size, then mixes, is granulated with waste residue, and drying is sieved up to institute
State composite organic-inorganic fertilizer；The mass fraction of organic-biological charcoal is not less than 50% in the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer.
2. method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that adjusted in S1 using one or more of sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid
pH。
3. method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the water content of filter cake is 80~85% in S1.
4. method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that being dried in S2 to water content is 25~40%.
5. method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the partial size of coal dust is 0.3~0.5cm in S3.
6. method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that utilize sulphur acid for adjusting pH, the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid in S4
It is 50~60%.
7. method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the time cured in S4 is 5~8 days.
8. method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that phosphorus-containing waste slag is gelatin factory phosphorus-containing waste slag in S4；Stalk in S4
Ash is power plant straw ash.
9. method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mass fraction of organic-biological charcoal in S5 composite organic-inorganic fertilizer
It is 60~75%.
10. a kind of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, which is characterized in that be prepared by any preparation method of claim 1~9
It arrives.
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| CN201910330097.5A CN110171996A (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | A kind of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer and preparation method thereof using activated sludge preparation |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112321353A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-02-05 | 郑州大学 | Forestry fertilizer prepared by pyrolysis of municipal sludge and solid waste and preparation method thereof |
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