CN112321353A - Forestry fertilizer prepared by pyrolysis of municipal sludge and solid waste and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Forestry fertilizer prepared by pyrolysis of municipal sludge and solid waste and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112321353A CN112321353A CN202011132297.9A CN202011132297A CN112321353A CN 112321353 A CN112321353 A CN 112321353A CN 202011132297 A CN202011132297 A CN 202011132297A CN 112321353 A CN112321353 A CN 112321353A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste utilization, and particularly relates to a forestry fertilizer prepared by pyrolysis of municipal sludge and solid waste and a preparation method thereof, wherein the forestry fertilizer is used for landscaping, sandy soil and desertification soil forestation, and the fertilizer is a medium-low concentration compound fertilizer with 25-40% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of sludge pyrolysis solid waste, 20-40 parts of a nitrogen fertilizer, 8-20 parts of a phosphate fertilizer, 10-20 parts of a potash fertilizer, 4-8 parts of a binder, 2-10 parts of a solid filler and 0.3-1 part of a phosphorus activator; the moisture content of the prepared forestry fertilizer is 1-5% of the total weight of the forestry fertilizer. The nutrients such as available phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and the like are recycled, the phosphorus activator is added, the utilization rate of phosphorus is improved, the content of heavy metals in the prepared compound fertilizer meets the GB 38400-2019 limit requirement of toxic and harmful substances in the fertilizer, and an effective way is provided for the high-added-value utilization of sludge pyrolysis solid waste.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste utilization, and particularly relates to a forestry fertilizer prepared by pyrolyzing solid waste with municipal sludge and a preparation method thereof, wherein nutrients such as available phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and the like are recycled, a phosphorus activator is added, the utilization rate of phosphorus is improved, the content of heavy metals in the prepared compound fertilizer meets GB 38400 plus 2019 'limit requirement on toxic and harmful substances in the fertilizer', and an effective way is provided for high-added-value utilization of the pyrolyzing solid waste with the sludge.
Background
The urban sewage treatment rate in China is dramatically increased from less than 16.2% in 1998 to 95.0% at the end of 2017, the environmental benefit is remarkable, but the problem of heavy water and light mud is prominent, the construction of sludge treatment facilities is seriously concerned insufficiently, the investment is insufficient, a large amount of urban sludge is not effectively treated, and the sludge problem is prominent. Until now, more than 4000 sewage treatment plants have been built in our country, and 5000 more than ten thousand tons of sludge with 80% of water content is produced every year. It is expected that about 6000 million tons of aqueous sludge (80% moisture content) will be produced annually by 2020. At present, the sludge disposal mode mainly comprises land utilization, building material utilization and landfill, the disposal rate is low, and resource utilization is not achieved.
The sewage contains a large amount of organic matters and elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like, wherein about 20-30% of nitrogen is transferred into the sludge, about 90% of phosphorus is transferred into the sludge, and the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the sludge generated by some sewage plants is even higher than that of the agricultural fertilizers. The sludge pyrolysis technology is a technology for performing harmless, reduction, stabilization and resource treatment on sludge in an oxygen-free environment, can effectively inhibit the generation of dioxin gas, can solidify heavy metals in residues, and avoids secondary pollution to the environment; meanwhile, the sludge pyrolysis solid waste contains effective nutrients such as phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, silicon and the like. From the resource perspective, under the condition of phosphorus ore resource shortage, the secondary utilization of phosphorus resource in sludge is particularly important for the sustainable development of phosphorus resource in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a forestry fertilizer prepared by pyrolyzing solid waste of municipal sludge and a preparation method thereof, so that nutrients such as available phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, silicon and the like in the municipal sludge are secondarily utilized, and the recycling and high-value utilization of the sludge are realized.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a fertilizer for forestry prepared by urban sludge pyrolysis solid waste is used for landscaping, sandy soil and desertification soil forestation, and is a medium-low concentration compound fertilizer with 25-40% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients, and is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of sludge pyrolysis solid waste, 20-40 parts of a nitrogen fertilizer, 8-20 parts of a phosphate fertilizer, 10-20 parts of a potash fertilizer, 4-8 parts of a binder, 2-10 parts of a solid filler and 0.3-1 part of a phosphorus activator; the moisture content of the prepared forestry fertilizer is 1-5% of the total weight of the forestry fertilizer.
The sludge pyrolytic solid waste residue is the residual solid waste residue after pyrolytic reaction of dewatered sludge of an urban sewage treatment plant at 800-1200 ℃.
The nitrogen fertilizer is selected from one or a mixture of more of granular urea, urea formaldehyde, ammonium phosphate nitrate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride in any ratio.
The phosphate fertilizer is selected from one or a mixture of more of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and superphosphate in any ratio.
The potash fertilizer is one or a mixture of more of potassium chloride, potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate in any ratio.
The binder is selected from P-containing binder in mass concentration2O525-45% of phosphoric acid or phosphoric acid raffinate acid or one or a mixture of more of sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 20-40% in any ratio.
The solid filler is one or more selected from bitter earth, bentonite, kaolin and attapulgite.
The phosphorus activator is one or more of binary, ternary or polycarboxylic acid copolymer, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and EDTA.
A preparation method of a forestry fertilizer prepared by pyrolysis of municipal sludge and solid waste comprises the following steps:
step 1), raw material and pyrolysis solid waste treatment: respectively crushing the municipal sludge pyrolysis solid waste residue, the granular nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer to the fineness of 80-120 meshes according to a certain amount of a formula for later use;
step 2), granulation: pyrolyzing the sludge crushed in the step 1) to obtain solid waste residue, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium
Respectively metering a fertilizer, a phosphorus activator and a solid filler into a granulator, and spraying a binder to continuously aggregate the materials into balls;
step 3), drying: conveying the granular material prepared in the step 2) to a dryer for drying, wherein the drying temperature is controlled not to exceed 60 ℃, and the granular material is dried until the free water content in the granular material is 1-5%;
step 4), cooling: conveying the dried granules to a cooling machine for cooling to cool the granules
To below 45 ℃;
step 5), screening: conveying the cooled granules to a sieving machine, and sieving out granules with granularity not meeting the requirement
And (4) granulating to obtain the compound fertilizer with the granularity of 2-4 mm.
The granulator is a conventional disc granulator or a drum granulator; the dryer, the cooler, the screening machine and related material conveying and metering equipment thereof all adopt conventional compound fertilizer production equipment.
The method utilizes the municipal sludge to pyrolyze the solid waste residues to prepare the middle-low concentration compound fertilizer for forestry, so that nutrients such as available phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and the like in the compound fertilizer are recycled, the waste is changed into fertilizer, the content of heavy metals in the prepared compound fertilizer meets the GB 38400 plus 2019 limit requirement of toxic and harmful substances in the fertilizer, and an effective way is provided for the high-added-value utilization of the sludge pyrolysis solid waste; meanwhile, a phosphorus activator is added, so that the utilization rate of phosphorus is improved; can be used as a fertilizer for afforestation, sandy soil and desertification soil, and has low cost and good fertilizer efficiency.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the following examples.
Example 1: a forestry fertilizer prepared by pyrolysis of municipal sludge and solid waste comprises the following components in kilograms: 300 kg of sludge pyrolysis solid waste residue, 300 kg of nitrogenous fertilizer, 130 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 170 kg of potash fertilizer, 50 kg of binder, 50 kg of solid filler and 3 kg of phosphorus activator; the moisture content of the prepared forestry fertilizer is 2 percent.
Wherein the sludge pyrolytic solid waste residue is solid residue generated by pyrolysis and gasification at 1100 ℃ after the sludge pyrolytic solid waste residue is pretreated by dewatered sludge with water content of 80 percent and is dried and then enters a pyrolytic gasification furnace.
The nitrogen fertilizer of the embodiment is selected from urea, and also can be selected from one or a mixture of more of urea, urea formaldehyde, ammonium phosphate nitrate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride in any ratio; the phosphate fertilizer is selected from a mixture of monoammonium phosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate, wherein 110 kg of monoammonium phosphate and 20 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate are selected, and one or a mixture of several of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate and superphosphate in any ratio can be selected; the potash fertilizer is potassium chloride, and can also be one or a mixture of potassium chloride, potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate in any ratio. The binder is P-containing2O530 percent of phosphoric acid, and the mass concentration of the phosphoric acid can also be P2O525-45% of phosphoric acid or phosphoric acid raffinate acid or one or a mixture of more of sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 20-40% in any ratio. The solid filler is selected from bitter earth and bentonite according to the proportion of 1:1, and also can be selected from one or more of bitter earth, bentonite, kaolin and attapulgite; the phosphorus activator is a copolymer of tricarboxylic acid, and can also be one or more of a copolymer of dicarboxylic acid, tricarboxylic acid or polycarboxylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria and EDTA.
Respectively crushing the municipal sludge pyrolysis solid waste residue, the granular nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer to the fineness of 100 meshes; the crushed sludge is pyrolyzed to solid waste residue, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassiumThe fertilizer, the phosphorus activator and the solid filler are respectively metered into a granulator and sprayed with P2O5 Granulating 30% of binder, drying, cooling, screening and packaging.
Wherein the phosphorus activator is a terpolymer prepared by adopting CN106749900B patent technology and itaconic acid, maleic anhydride and acrylic acid as monomers and adopting free radical copolymerization, and is added in the granulation process; the solid filler is added by bitter earth and bentonite according to the proportion of 1: 1.
In this example 1, a granular compound fertilizer A with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient contents of 15-7-10 was prepared. Meanwhile, according to the dosage of the materials, a phosphorus activator is not added, and the common granular compound fertilizer B of 15-7-10 is prepared. According to the method for collecting, processing and storing the soil sample, the air-dried soil sample which is sieved by a 2mm sieve is prepared. Crushing the granulated fertilizer A, B, weighing 1g and 200g of air-dried soil respectively, fully and uniformly mixing, putting into a culture container, adding distilled water until the field water capacity is reached, putting into a constant-temperature incubator at 25 ℃, repeating each treatment for 3 times, and sampling and analyzing the content of available phosphorus in soil after culturing for 1, 7, 14 and 28 days. The effective phosphorus content of the compound fertilizer A in the soil is 3% -8% higher than that of the compound fertilizer B.
Example 2: a method for preparing forestry fertilizer by utilizing municipal sludge pyrolysis solid waste comprises the following components in kilograms: 450 kg of sludge pyrolysis solid waste residue, 165 kg of nitrogenous fertilizer, 175 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 120 kg of potash fertilizer, 70 kg of binder, 20 kg of solid filler and 5 kg of phosphorus activator; the moisture content of the prepared forestry fertilizer is 3 percent.
Wherein the sludge pyrolytic solid waste residue is solid residue generated by pretreating dehydrated sludge with water content of 80%, drying and then feeding into a pyrolytic gasification furnace, and pyrolyzing and gasifying at 850 ℃.
The nitrogen fertilizer of the embodiment is selected from urea, and also can be selected from one or a mixture of more of urea, urea formaldehyde, ammonium phosphate nitrate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride in any ratio; the phosphate fertilizer is selected from diammonium phosphate and calcium superphosphate, wherein 130 kg of diammonium phosphate and 45 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, or the phosphate fertilizer is selected from one or a mixture of more of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate and superphosphate in any ratio(ii) a The potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate, and can also be one or a mixture of potassium chloride, potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate in any ratio; the binder is 25% sulfuric acid or P-containing sulfuric acid2O525-45% of phosphoric acid or phosphoric acid raffinate acid or one or a mixture of more of sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 20-40% in any ratio; the solid filler is composed of attapulgite and bentonite in a ratio of 1:1, and can also be one or more of magnesia, bentonite, kaolin and attapulgite; the phosphorus activator is selected from phosphate solubilizing bacteria, and can also be one or more of copolymer of binary or polybasic carboxylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and EDTA.
Respectively crushing the municipal sludge pyrolysis solid waste residue, the granular nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer to the fineness of 100 meshes; respectively metering the crushed sludge pyrolysis solid waste residue, the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer, the phosphorus activator and the solid filler into a granulator, and spraying the solid waste residue, the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer, the phosphorus activator and the solid filler into the granulator to obtain a mixture containing 25% of H2SO4 The binder of (a) is granulated, and then dried, cooled, sieved and packaged.
Wherein the phosphorus activator is phosphate solubilizing bacteria, the number of effective viable bacteria is more than 100 hundred million/g, and the phosphorus activator is added in the granulation process; the solid filler is attapulgite and bentonite which are added according to the proportion of 1: 1.
In this example 2, a granular compound fertilizer C with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient contents of 10-9-6 was prepared. Meanwhile, according to the dosage of the materials, a phosphorus activator is not added, and the common granular compound fertilizer D of 10-9-6 is prepared. According to the method for collecting, processing and storing the soil sample, the air-dried soil sample which is sieved by a 2mm sieve is prepared. Crushing the granulated fertilizer C, D, weighing 1g and 200g of air-dried soil respectively, fully and uniformly mixing, putting into a culture container, adding distilled water until the field water capacity is reached, putting into a constant-temperature incubator at 25 ℃, repeating each treatment for 3 times, and sampling and analyzing the content of available phosphorus in soil after culturing for 1, 7, 14 and 28 days. The effective phosphorus content of the compound fertilizer C in the soil is 4-10% higher than that of the compound fertilizer D.
The available nutrient and heavy metal contents of the products obtained in examples 1-2 are shown in Table 3.
。
Claims (10)
1. A fertilizer for forestry prepared by urban sludge pyrolysis solid waste is used for landscaping, sandy soil and desertification soil afforestation, and is characterized in that: the fertilizer is a medium-low concentration compound fertilizer with 25-40% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients, and is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of sludge pyrolysis solid waste, 20-40 parts of a nitrogen fertilizer, 8-20 parts of a phosphate fertilizer, 10-20 parts of a potash fertilizer, 4-8 parts of a binder, 2-10 parts of a solid filler and 0.3-1 part of a phosphorus activator; the moisture content of the prepared forestry fertilizer is 1-5% of the total weight of the forestry fertilizer.
2. The fertilizer for forestry, which is prepared by using municipal sludge pyrolysis solid waste, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the sludge pyrolytic solid waste residue is the residual solid waste residue after pyrolytic reaction of dewatered sludge of an urban sewage treatment plant at 800-1200 ℃.
3. The fertilizer for forestry, which is prepared by using municipal sludge pyrolysis solid waste, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the nitrogen fertilizer is selected from one or a mixture of more of granular urea, urea formaldehyde, ammonium phosphate nitrate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride in any ratio.
4. The fertilizer for forestry, which is prepared by using municipal sludge pyrolysis solid waste, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the phosphate fertilizer is selected from one or a mixture of more of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and superphosphate in any ratio.
5. The fertilizer for forestry, which is prepared by using municipal sludge pyrolysis solid waste, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the potash fertilizer is one or a mixture of more of potassium chloride, potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate in any ratio.
6. The fertilizer for forestry, which is prepared by using municipal sludge pyrolysis solid waste, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the binder is selected from one or a mixture of more of phosphoric acid or phosphoric acid raffinate acid with the mass concentration of 525-45% of P2O or sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 20-40%.
7. The fertilizer for forestry, which is prepared by using municipal sludge pyrolysis solid waste, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the solid filler is one or more selected from bitter earth, bentonite, kaolin and attapulgite.
8. The fertilizer for forestry, which is prepared by using municipal sludge pyrolysis solid waste, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the phosphorus activator is one or more of binary, ternary or polycarboxylic acid copolymer, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and EDTA.
9. The preparation method of the forestry fertilizer prepared by pyrolyzing the solid waste with the municipal sludge as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1), raw material and pyrolysis solid waste treatment: respectively crushing the municipal sludge pyrolysis solid waste residue, the granular nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer to the fineness of 80-120 meshes according to a certain amount of a formula for later use;
step 2), granulation: pyrolyzing the sludge crushed in the step 1) to obtain solid waste residue, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium
Respectively metering a fertilizer, a phosphorus activator and a solid filler into a granulator, and spraying a binder to continuously aggregate the materials into balls;
step 3), drying: conveying the granular material prepared in the step 2) to a dryer for drying, wherein the drying temperature is controlled not to exceed 60 ℃, and the granular material is dried until the free water content in the granular material is 1-5%;
step 4), cooling: conveying the dried granules to a cooling machine for cooling to cool the granules
To below 45 ℃;
step 5), screening: conveying the cooled granules to a sieving machine, and sieving out granules with granularity not meeting the requirement
And (4) granulating to obtain the compound fertilizer with the granularity of 2-4 mm.
10. The method for preparing the forestry fertilizer by using the municipal sludge pyrolysis solid waste as claimed in claim 9, wherein the granulator is a conventional pan granulator or a drum granulator; the dryer, the cooler, the screening machine and related material conveying and metering equipment thereof all adopt conventional compound fertilizer production equipment.
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| CN202011132297.9A CN112321353A (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Forestry fertilizer prepared by pyrolysis of municipal sludge and solid waste and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202011132297.9A CN112321353A (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Forestry fertilizer prepared by pyrolysis of municipal sludge and solid waste and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114031453A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-02-11 | 湖北富邦新材料有限公司 | Multifunctional synergist for improving utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer and application thereof |
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| JP2001161162A (en) * | 1999-12-13 | 2001-06-19 | Gifu Prefecture Kenkyu Kaihatsu Zaidan | Artificial culturing soil |
| CN106749900A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-31 | 郑州富谊联科技有限公司 | A kind of water-soluble ter-polymers phosphate fertilizer synergist and its preparation method and application |
| CN107324941A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-11-07 | 四川雷鸣环保装备有限公司 | Municipal sludge charcoal base composite fertilizer and biological fuel gas joint production process |
| CN110171996A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-08-27 | 东莞理工学院 | A kind of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer and preparation method thereof using activated sludge preparation |
| CN110229671A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-13 | 湖南净源环境工程有限公司 | A kind of preparation method and application of soil conditioner |
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2020
- 2020-10-21 CN CN202011132297.9A patent/CN112321353A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001161162A (en) * | 1999-12-13 | 2001-06-19 | Gifu Prefecture Kenkyu Kaihatsu Zaidan | Artificial culturing soil |
| CN106749900A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-31 | 郑州富谊联科技有限公司 | A kind of water-soluble ter-polymers phosphate fertilizer synergist and its preparation method and application |
| CN107324941A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-11-07 | 四川雷鸣环保装备有限公司 | Municipal sludge charcoal base composite fertilizer and biological fuel gas joint production process |
| CN110171996A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-08-27 | 东莞理工学院 | A kind of composite organic-inorganic fertilizer and preparation method thereof using activated sludge preparation |
| CN110229671A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-13 | 湖南净源环境工程有限公司 | A kind of preparation method and application of soil conditioner |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114031453A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-02-11 | 湖北富邦新材料有限公司 | Multifunctional synergist for improving utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210205 |