CN102093098A

CN102093098A - Method for preparing fertilizer by using domestic sludge

Info

Publication number: CN102093098A
Application number: CN201110006873XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖岭
Original assignee: ZHONGSHAN XIANGYUAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENGINEERING CO LTD
Current assignee: ZHONGSHAN XIANGYUAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENGINEERING CO LTD
Priority date: 2011-01-13
Filing date: 2011-01-13
Publication date: 2011-06-15

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a fertilizer by using domestic sludge, which comprises the following steps of: (1) reducing the water content of the domestic sludge to be less than 60 percent; (2) crushing; (3) adding aerobic biological strains and accessories to perform high-temperature fermentation on the domestic sludge till thorough decomposition; (4) supplying oxygen to the domestic sludge and turning; (5) after the compost is thoroughly decomposed, crushing the blocky sludge; (6) adding nutrients; (7) stirring; and (8) preparing a granular or powdery organic fertilizer. The method realizes sterilization, ova killing, uniform fermentation and stable quality; and the prepared fertilizer is used for agricultural and forest production, and fulfills the purpose of recycling resources.

Description

Domestic sludge composting method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of domestic sludge composting method.

Background technology

Any one country all needs national conditions from this country to the processing and utilizing of mud, not only will consider the geographical environment and the land resources of this country, also will consider the energy, economic strength and the scientific and technological level of this country.For example, the flourishing country of the narrow and small and economic science and technology in territories such as Japan, Switzerland, Sweden, the melting and solidification methods of burning that adopt more; Burn after Germany's many employings mummification, half-driedization, and utilize a large amount of forest refuses (deadwood, fallen leaves, bark and processing scrap etc.) energy as a supplement; France, Spain adopt mummification decrement and agricultural; The most of landfill of gondola mud is made building materials after the small part mummification, and is seldom agricultural, allows hardly to burn.In China, the domestic sludge treatment process adopts modes such as sanitary landfill, anhydration and incineration, traditional compost to handle domestic sludge more.

There are various drawbacks in the method for above-mentioned traditional processing domestic sludge: sanitary landfill method, promptly adopt sandwich-type form of construction work that one deck rubbish one deck loess rolls then with the mud landfill, because moisture percentage in sewage sludge is very high, viscosity is big, make to roll on the one hand and skid, constructional difficulties causes landfill body deformability and landslide on the other hand easily, become artificial " swampland ", bring potential safety hazard, strengthened simultaneously the percolate load again, in addition, the mud granularity is very thin, stops up the gathering system and the drainage pipeline of percolate easily, has increased the weight of the bearing load of waste dam, the expense of cleaning gathering system is very expensive, cause very big difficulty for the operational management of refuse landfill, this method is wasted land resources on the one hand, and mud does not obtain comprehensive utilization on the other hand; The anhydration and incineration method, be about to mud and in the mummification equipment of special use, moisture 80% the sludge drying of being about become moisture about 10% dewatered sludge, then dewatered sludge is burned, realize sludge reduction, innoxious safe disposal, this method need consume a large amount of energy; Traditional compost method is to rely on microorganisms such as the extensive bacterium that distributes of nature, actinomycetes, fungi, under certain artificial condition, promote the Biochemical processes that biodegradable organism transforms to stable soil ulmin, the technology of traditional composting process falls behind, operational path repeats loaded down with trivial details, production cycle is long, floor space is big, the fermented quality instability, seriously influence the normal use of fertilizer, and traditional composting process can't be got rid of the mud of heavy metals exceeding standard and finally cause farm crop to be subjected to heavy metal contamination.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome the defective of various domestic sludge treatment processs in the prior art, providing a kind of is the method for raw material production fertilizer with the domestic sludge.

The present invention is achieved in that

(1) is reduced to below 60% by the water content of processed domestic sludge; (2) blocky mud is pulverized; (3) add the aerobe bacterial classification and domestic sludge is carried out thermophilic fermentation to becoming thoroughly decomposed with batching; (4) to domestic sludge oxygen supply and turning; (5) behind the compost complete ripeness blocky mud is pulverized; (6) add nutrient; (8) stir; (9) make particulate state or powdery fertilizer by the composting system.

As a further improvement on the present invention, described batching is rainbow source energy fertilizer additive (manufacturing of auspicious source, Zhongshan city Ingegneria Ambientale SRL).

As a further improvement on the present invention, add bulky material when fermentation, make domestic sludge bulk, fermentation fully.

As a further improvement on the present invention, carry out heavy metal before the fermentation and detect, prevent that the mud of heavy metals exceeding standard from making the fertilizer pollution farm crop.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1, broken traditional thinking and operation scheme, by fermentation, compost finishes the dehydration of domestic sludge and organism maturation process, reached sterilization, kill the purpose of worm's ovum; 2, by course of industrialization control zymotechnique, make fermentation evenly, steady quality, fermentation time is short; 3, according to the crop growth requirement, add nutrient, make different types of fertilizer; 4, add raising agent at fermentation stage, make composting material bulk, fermentation fully; 5, before fermentation, carry out heavy metal and detect, prevent that the domestic sludge of heavy metals exceeding standard from making the fertilizer pollution farm crop; 6, the fertilizer of making is used for agricultural, production of forestry, has realized the purpose of resource circulation utilization.7, in composting, add rainbow source energy additive, crop ripen in advance, output are increased.

Description of drawings

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Accompanying drawing 1 is a schema of the present invention.

Embodiment

Fresh domestic sludge moisture after the specific equipment dehydration reaches below 60%, detect the organic content in the mud, and whether heavy metal content such as the total arsenic in the detection mud, total cadmium, total plumbous, total chromium, total mercury exceed standard, and the mud that does not exceed standard for heavy metal content carries out compost treatment.Because mud forms the big bulk that hardens after dewatering, need big block sludge crushing.In order to increase xylogen in the fertilizer and the ventilation property in the fermenting process, mud is mixed with the volume proportion by 4:6 such as sawdust, straw or rice husk, and rainbow source energy fertilizer additive (manufacturing of auspicious source, Zhongshan city Ingegneria Ambientale SRL) and the mud proportioning by weight 1:1000 evenly stirred, evenly be sprayed in the mud after then the bacterial classification water being diluted by 1:1000 and ferment 10 tons of materials of 1 kilogram of strain fermentation.Before the fermentation, the C/N value (carbon-nitrogen ratio) of mud is controlled at (10～30): 1, and the pH value is controlled between 6～9.When the composting material meta-acid (PH＜4), available lime is regulated, if the minimizing nitrogen loss, also available alkaline phosphate fertilizer is regulated; When the raw material meta-alkalescence (PH＞9), can regulate by adding iron(ic) chloride or alum, also available strong acid or compost returning charge are regulated.The initial water ratio of compost is controlled at 50%～60%, if initial water ratio content is lower than 10%～15%, the metabolism of microorganism can generally stop; Water content is too high, can make the interior freeboard of heap body few, and air permeability is poor, forms the anaerobic state of microbial fermentation, produces stink, and the degradation speed that slows down prolongs the heap corruption time.By turning every day once, and respectively carry out forced ventilation one time morning and afternoon every day, each 10～30min realizes oxygen supply.The temperature of compost is controlled at 50～65 ℃, and the compost time is 5 ~ 6 days.Behind the compost complete ripeness,, and add nutrient as required and fully stir, send into composting equipment and make powdery or particulate state fertilizer blocky sludge crushing.By the organic fertilizer that this method makes, its main component is after measured: organic 30 〉=%, N, P, K meet national standard more than or equal to 4%.

In the composting process, add rainbow source energy additive, can be so that the crop premature ripening, improve farm crop quality, improve output, experimental data is as follows:

Experiment one:

Area	Crop varieties	Fertilizer	Output
				8 hectares of test sites	Paddy rice	Contain rainbow source energy fertilizer additive (add in vegetative period contain rainbow source energy fertilizer additive for twice fertilizer twice)	9700 kilograms
5 hectares of check plots	Paddy rice	Do not contain rainbow source energy fertilizer additive	8470 kilograms

Remarks: above-mentioned simultaneous test in same place, the same time finishes, whether except adding the energy additive difference of rainbow source, all the other test conditionss are identical.

Experiment two:

Test area	Crop varieties	Fertilizer	Output	Amount to output per hectare
					400 square metres of trial plots (greenhouse)	Eggplant	Contain rainbow source energy additive	6865 kilograms	171625 kilograms
100 square metres of check plots (greenhouse)	Eggplant	Do not contain rainbow source energy additive	849 kilograms	84900 kilograms

Experiment three: use the fertilizer that contains rainbow source energy fertilizer additive

Crop varieties	Eggplant	Paddy rice	Wheat	Barley
					Shift to an earlier date precocious fate	11 days	7 days	7-10 days	7-10 days

The present invention finishes the dehydration of domestic sludge and organism maturation process by fermentation, compost, and add required nutrient substance and additive according to the requirement of different crops, equipment is simple, do not need special drying equipment, realize that in process of production sterilization, killing egg and curing heavy metal provide new way for sludge treatment.

Claims

1. the composting method of a domestic sludge may further comprise the steps:

(1) is reduced to below 60% by the water content of processed domestic sludge;

(2) block domestic sludge is pulverized;

(3) add the aerobe bacterial classification domestic sludge is carried out thermophilic fermentation to becoming thoroughly decomposed, and add batching;

(4) to domestic sludge oxygen supply and turning;

(5) behind the compost complete ripeness, the bulk domestic sludge is pulverized;

(6) add nutrient;

(7) stir;

(8) make particulate state or powdery fertilizer by the composting system.

2. domestic sludge composting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described batching is a rainbow source energy fertilizer additive.

3. domestic sludge composting method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: add expanding material in before the fermentation of carrying out (3) step.

4. domestic sludge composting method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described expanding material is a lignin material.

5. according to claim 2,3 or 4 described domestic sludge composting methods, it is characterized in that: detect through carrying out heavy metal after (1) step, the domestic sludge that heavy metal content does not surpass national standard enters (2) step.