CN101486613B - Method for preparing organic fertilizer by mixed fermentation of water hyacinth and dewatered sludge - Google Patents
Method for preparing organic fertilizer by mixed fermentation of water hyacinth and dewatered sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN101486613B CN101486613B CN2009100250881A CN200910025088A CN101486613B CN 101486613 B CN101486613 B CN 101486613B CN 2009100250881 A CN2009100250881 A CN 2009100250881A CN 200910025088 A CN200910025088 A CN 200910025088A CN 101486613 B CN101486613 B CN 101486613B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing an organic fertilizer by the mixed fermentation of hyacinth and dewatered sludge, which belongs to the environmental protection technical fields of innoxious processing and resource utilization of hyacinth and sludge. In the invention, the hyacinth is dewatered by squeezing and cracked, mixed with the dewatered sludge, microorganism microbial inoculum, heavy metal passivator, rice chaff or peanut shells for fermentation and aging, then matched with a certain quantity of humic acid and urea after the fermentation and aging to prepare a commodity organic fertilizer. The method not only solves the difficulty of subsequent innoxious processing of the hyacinth which absorbs the nitrogen and phosphor in the water for controling the eutrophication of a water body, and avoids the secondary pollution to the environment caused by the incorrect processing method of the hyacinth and sludge, but also produces the commodity organic fertilizer which meets the quality standard NY525-2002, thus obtaining a certain economic benefit and being more beneficial to the development of Chinese organic agriculture and the rehabilitation of environment, being capable of realizing the transferring of nitrogen and phosphor from the water body and urban sewage to farming lands and the recycling of nitrogen and phosphor, promoting the control on the water body and achieving several purposes with one measure.
Description
Technical field
The method of Herba Eichhorniae and dewatered sludge preparing organic fertilizer by mixed fermentation belongs to the harmlessness disposing of Herba Eichhorniae, mud and the environmental technology field of recycling.
Background technology
After Herba Eichhorniae was salvaged disembarkation, mainly all adopts coverings in the past, cheat the method for burying and three kinds of natural stack retting methods and the field method.Cladding process is exactly that the Herba Eichhorniae that will salvage directly overlays in the forest land.The hole method of burying is exactly ditching around the trees of forest land, with the direct landfill of Herba Eichhorniae collected or be spread out in the forest land air-dry after landfill again.Nature stack retting method is exactly to utilize woodland lowland stack retting Herba Eichhorniae earlier, and distributing is stacked.
With regard to present national situation, how sludge of sewage treatment plant carries out sanitary landfill through transporting refuse landfill to after the thickening processing, and this is a main sludge disposal mode of present stage.Landfill method is similar to the municipal wastes landfill substantially, and roughly program is expropriation of land, designs and build structures, opens up transport routes, transports mud and cover trimming etc.Another main sludge disposal mode is burned exactly, burns and expends on the basis of a large amount of energy at needs, burns moisture and organic matter (because the moisture of mud is usually about 80%).
Method is buried in the covering of this Herba Eichhorniae in the past, hole and the disposal of natural stack retting method utilizes mode simple, cause the secondary pollution environment, liquid after Herba Eichhorniae rots has been got back to stream pollution again water body makes and utilizes Herba Eichhorniae to absorb the effect cancellation that nitrogen phosphorus in the water is administered body eutrophication.Mud landfill disposal one is to take a large amount of land resourcess; The 2nd, the nutritive substance that contains in the mud can cause a large amount of sick assorted bacterium procreations and mud to go mouldy contaminate environment.Sludge incineration is just given good opinion on vision and sense organ, mud has reduced 80%～85% through burning, and reality has just reduced moisture and organic matter, but has therefore consumed a large amount of energy, and causes environmental pollution easily.
Summary of the invention
The method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Herba Eichhorniae and dewatered sludge preparing organic fertilizer by mixed fermentation is the green technology of the harmlessness disposing and the recycling of a kind of Herba Eichhorniae, mud.
Technical scheme of the present invention: the method for Herba Eichhorniae and dewatered sludge preparing organic fertilizer by mixed fermentation, by to the Herba Eichhorniae extrusion dehydration with after pulverizing, itself and dewatered sludge, microbiobacterial agent, heavy metal deactivator, rice chaff or Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae mixing are fermented and ageing, join a certain amount of humic acid and urea after the fermentation ageing, make organic commercial fertilizer, step is:
(1) Herba Eichhorniae dehydration: with the Herba Eichhorniae extrusion dehydration, the control water ratio drops to 50% from 95%;
(2) Herba Eichhorniae is pulverized: the control fineness is about 3cm, needn't be too accurate; Because Herba Eichhorniae water ratio height must avoid damaging motor with the pulverizer of specialty;
(3) batching: the weight percent proportioning is a Herba Eichhorniae: dewatered sludge: microbiobacterial agent: heavy metal deactivator: rice chaff or Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae=and 40%: 40%: 2%: 8%: 10%; Herba Eichhorniae and dewatered sludge weight are the wet basis meter, and dewatered sludge derives from sewage work, and water ratio is 75%-80%;
Described microbiobacterial agent is Beijing Voto Sky ﹠ Land Biotech Co., Ltd.'s organic material composting agent of producing (microorganism fertilizer (2006) face word (0503) number);
Herba Eichhorniae, dewatered sludge, microbiobacterial agent, heavy metal deactivator, rice chaff or Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae are mixed by proportion scale by the proportioning machine program respectively, add microbiobacterial agent in order to promote that fermenting process carries out fast; Deliver in the stirrer after the various mixing of materials and stir fully, the mixture discharging is delivered in the fermenter by rotary conveyor;
(4) compost fermentation and ageing: the compost fermentation of mixture carries out in fermenter, and aeration tube is installed in fermenter, supplies with oxygen by gas blower by the aeration tube forced ventilation, and the compost cycle is 12～15 days, and compost temperature rises to 60～70 ℃; Material enters the Secondary Fermentation ageing stage after the banking up of one-period, the cycle is 15～20 days, and compost temperature drops to 30～40 ℃, and mixture moisture reduces to 15%～35%; The material that becomes thoroughly decomposed after the fermentation is discharged on the outfeed belt conveyor automatically by spiral discharging machine, goes into the warehouse through belt turn conveyor, uses in order to processed finished products; Compost fermentation requires the parameter of control also to comprise:
1. oxygen-supplying amount
Oxygen is the material conditions that microorganism depends on for existence, and the oxygen supply deficiency can cause microbial death, and decomposition rate slows down; The cooling air capacity is crossed conference reduces temperature, is unfavorable for the oxidation decomposition course of high temperature resistant bacterium.Therefore oxygen-supplying amount is wanted suitably to be generally 0.05～0.2m
3/ m
3Min.
2. water ratio
The water ratio of composting material is very big to the fermentation influence, and the effect one of water is a dissolved organic matter, participates in the metabolism of microorganism; The 2nd, regulate compost temperature, when temperature is too high, can take away a part of heat by the evaporation of moisture.The breeding of the too low obstruction of moisture microorganism, decomposition rate is slow, even decomposition reaction stops; The too high raw material internal voids of moisture is full of by water, and air capacity reduces, and causes organism oxygen supply deficiency, forms anaerobic state, has suppressed the degrading activity of high temperature bacterium, finally influences the compost effect.The initial compost moisture of mixture is advisable 50～60%.
3. carbon-nitrogen ratio
The carbon-nitrogen ratio of microorganism is 4～30, and carbon-nitrogen ratio was at 10～25 o'clock, and organism is fastest by biological decomposition.Carbon-nitrogen ratio is too high, easily causes the ratio of compost too high, " nitrogen hunger " occur, impose on soil after, can capture the nitrogen in the soil, influence plant growth.The contained carbon-nitrogen ratio of mixture should be 20～30 in the composting process.
4. carbon-phosphorus ratio
Phosphorus also has a significant impact microbial growth, and city sewage and sludge contains abundant phosphorus, can satisfy the needs of microorganism growth.The contained carbon-phosphorus ratio of compost mixture material is 75～150.
5. pH value
The pH value is the essential condition of microorganism growth, and the compost initial stage, the pH value dropped to 5.5～6.0 owing to the effect of acid bacteria, and it is acid that compost material is, and then owing to being growth and the breeding of nutriment bacterium with the acid, the pH value rises.The pH value that composting process finishes the back material rises to 8.5～9.0.
6. porosity
Suitable porosity is one of precondition of sludge composting, is controlled at usually and is not less than 20%.
(5) heavy metal passivation
From concerning the passivation effect of exchange state heavy metal, the peat composed of rotten mosses, flyash, ground phosphate rock are 3 kinds of effective passivator.In actual production and using, consider problems such as source, price and processing costs as the passivator raw material, select flyash, ground phosphate rock as heavy metal deactivator.The suitable additional proportion of flyash and ground phosphate rock is 5: 4.Passivator can effectively reduce the content of the heavy metal available state of mixtures such as Herba Eichhorniae and mud during the fermentation, and heavy metal Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr content all significantly are lower than national agricultural standards (GB 4284-84, GB 8173-87) in the material that becomes thoroughly decomposed after the ageing.
(6) finished product processing: the weight percent proportioning is the material that becomes thoroughly decomposed: humic acid: urea=80%: 12.5%: 7.5%, become thoroughly decomposed material and humic acid after Herba Eichhorniae and the sludge fermentation, urea are sent into mixing machine through the metering feed respectively by prescription, the material that mixes is through pulverizing, dry, cool off, sieving, come back to mixing machine after the excessive material fragmentation, qualified finished product becomes organic commercial fertilizer through the metering packing warehouse-in.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the method that changes into organic commercial fertilizer by Herba Eichhorniae and dewatered sludge mixed fermentation, can realize transfer and the recycle to the farmland from water body and municipal effluent of nitrogen phosphorus, not only effectively solve the periphery arable land and use the pollution of area source problem that chemical fertilizer brings, but also can advance the development of Organic farming, promote water body treating, reach the target of multi-win at one stroke.
Dry with traditional Herba Eichhorniae, natural stack retting also compare with the incineration disposal method by field or landfill and mud landfill, the method that Herba Eichhorniae and dewatered sludge mixed fermentation are prepared into organic commercial fertilizer is not only administered the difficult problem that the eutrophication of water body has been removed follow-up harmlessness disposing for Herba Eichhorniae absorbs nitrogen phosphorus in the water, the secondary pollution of having avoided the improper method of disposal of Herba Eichhorniae and mud to cause to environment, and produce the organic commercial fertilizer that meets the NY525-2002 quality standard, obtain certain economic benefits, simultaneously the development of useful more Chinese Organic farming and the recovery of environment.
Description of drawings
The process flow sheet of Fig. 1 Herba Eichhorniae and dewatered sludge preparing organic fertilizer by mixed fermentation.
Embodiment
Main raw material(s) is Herba Eichhorniae, dewatered sludge, microbiobacterial agent, rice chaff or Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, heavy metal deactivator etc.Specifically describe machining process according to technical process:
By to the Herba Eichhorniae extrusion dehydration with after pulverizing, itself and dewatered sludge, microbiobacterial agent, heavy metal deactivator, rice chaff or Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae mixing are fermented and ageing (Secondary Fermentation), the material that becomes thoroughly decomposed after the fermentation ageing is joined a certain amount of humic acid and urea, is processed into organic commercial fertilizer.
(1) Herba Eichhorniae dehydration
Extrusion dehydration drops to water ratio about 50% from 95%.
(2) Herba Eichhorniae is pulverized
Because Herba Eichhorniae water ratio height must avoid damaging motor with the pulverizer of specialty; Fineness is about 3cm, needn't be too accurate.
(3) batching
Herba Eichhorniae and dewatered sludge, microbiobacterial agent, heavy metal deactivator, (proportioning is a Herba Eichhorniae: dewatered sludge: microbiobacterial agent: heavy metal deactivator: rice chaff or Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae=40%: 40%: 2%: 8%: 10% by proportion scale according to program by proportioning machine respectively for rice chaff or Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, Herba Eichhorniae and dewatered sludge weight are the wet basis meter, dewatered sludge derives from sewage work, water ratio is 75%-80%) mix, add microbiobacterial agent [the organic material composting agent of producing by Beijing Voto Sky ﹠ Land Biotech Co., Ltd. (microorganism fertilizer (2006) face word (0503) number)], add bacterial classification to promote that fermenting process carries out fast.Deliver in the stirrer after the various mixing of materials and stir fully, discharging is delivered in each fermenter by rotary conveyor.
(4) compost fermentation and ageing
The compost fermentation of mixture such as Herba Eichhorniae and mud carries out in fermenter, and aeration tube is installed in fermenter, supplies with oxygen by gas blower by the aeration tube forced ventilation.The compost cycle is about 12～15 days, and compost temperature can rise to 60～70 ℃.Material enters ageing (Secondary Fermentation) stage after the banking up of one-period, in about 15～20 days of cycle, compost temperature drops to 30～40 ℃, and mixture moisture reduces to 15%～35%.The material that becomes thoroughly decomposed after Herba Eichhorniae and the sludge fermentation is discharged on the outfeed belt conveyor automatically by spiral discharging machine, goes into the warehouse through belt turn conveyor, uses in order to processed finished products.Compost fermentation requires the parameter of control also to comprise:
1. oxygen-supplying amount
Oxygen-supplying amount is wanted suitably to be generally 0.05～0.2m
3/ m
3.min.
2. water ratio
The initial compost moisture of mixture is advisable 50～60%.
3. carbon-nitrogen ratio
The carbon-nitrogen ratio of microorganism is 4～30, and carbon-nitrogen ratio was at 10～25 o'clock, and organism is fastest by biological decomposition.Carbon-nitrogen ratio is too high, easily causes the ratio of compost too high, " nitrogen hunger " occur, impose on soil after, can capture the nitrogen in the soil, influence plant growth.The contained carbon-nitrogen ratio of mixture should be 20～30 in the composting process.
4. carbon-phosphorus ratio
The contained carbon-phosphorus ratio of compost mixture material is 75～150.
5. pH value
The pH value is the essential condition of microorganism growth, and the compost initial stage, the pH value dropped to 5.5～6.0 owing to the effect of acid bacteria, and it is acid that compost material is, and then owing to being growth and the breeding of nutriment bacterium with the acid, the pH value rises.The pH value that composting process finishes the back material rises to 8.5～9.0.
6. porosity
Suitable porosity is one of precondition of sludge composting, is controlled at usually and is not less than 20%.
(5) heavy metal passivation
From concerning the passivation effect of exchange state heavy metal, the peat composed of rotten mosses, flyash, ground phosphate rock are 3 kinds of effective passivator.In actual production and using, consider problems such as source, price and processing costs as the passivator raw material, select flyash, ground phosphate rock as passivator.The suitable additional proportion of flyash and ground phosphate rock is 5: 4.Passivator can effectively reduce the content of the heavy metal available state of mixtures such as Herba Eichhorniae and mud during the fermentation, and heavy metal Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr content all significantly are lower than national agricultural standards (GB 4284-84, GB 8173-87) in the material that becomes thoroughly decomposed after the ageing.
(6) finished product processing
(recipe ratio is the material that becomes thoroughly decomposed after Herba Eichhorniae and the sludge fermentation: humic acid: urea=80%: 12.5%: 7.5%) send into mixing machine through the metering feed respectively by production formula for become thoroughly decomposed material and humic acid after Herba Eichhorniae and the sludge fermentation, urea, the material that mixes is through pulverizing, dry, cool off, sieving, come back to mixing machine after the excessive material fragmentation, qualified finished product becomes organic commercial fertilizer through the metering packing warehouse-in.
Claims (1)
1. the method for Herba Eichhorniae and dewatered sludge preparing organic fertilizer by mixed fermentation, it is characterized in that by to the Herba Eichhorniae extrusion dehydration with after pulverizing, itself and dewatered sludge, microbiobacterial agent, heavy metal deactivator, rice chaff or Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae mixing are fermented and ageing, join a certain amount of humic acid and urea after the fermentation ageing, make organic commercial fertilizer, step is:
(1) Herba Eichhorniae dehydration: with the Herba Eichhorniae extrusion dehydration, the control water ratio drops to 50% from 95%;
(2) Herba Eichhorniae is pulverized: the control fineness is 3cm;
(3) batching: the weight percent proportioning is a Herba Eichhorniae: dewatered sludge: microbiobacterial agent: heavy metal deactivator: rice chaff or Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae=and 40%: 40%: 2%: 8%: 10%; Herba Eichhorniae and dewatered sludge weight are the wet basis meter, and dewatered sludge derives from sewage work, and water ratio is 75%-80%;
Described microbiobacterial agent is the organic material composting agent that Beijing Voto Sky ﹠ Land Biotech Co., Ltd. produces;
Herba Eichhorniae, dewatered sludge, microbiobacterial agent, heavy metal deactivator, rice chaff or Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae are mixed by proportion scale by the proportioning machine program respectively, deliver in the stirrer after the mixing and stir fully, the mixture discharging is delivered in the fermenter by rotary conveyor;
Described heavy metal deactivator:
Select flyash and ground phosphate rock as heavy metal deactivator; Flyash: the part by weight of ground phosphate rock is 5: 4, and heavy metal Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr content are lower than national agricultural standards GB 4284-84, GB 8173-87 in the material that becomes thoroughly decomposed after the ageing;
(4) compost fermentation and ageing: the compost fermentation of mixture carries out in fermenter, and aeration tube is installed in fermenter, supplies with oxygen by gas blower by the aeration tube forced ventilation, and the compost cycle is 12～15 days, and compost temperature rises to 60～70 ℃; Then, enter the Secondary Fermentation ageing stage, the cycle is 15～20 days, and compost temperature drops to 30～40 ℃, and mixture moisture reduces to 15%～35%; The material that becomes thoroughly decomposed after the ageing is discharged on the outfeed belt conveyor automatically by spiral discharging machine, goes into the warehouse through belt turn conveyor, uses in order to processed finished products; Compost fermentation requires the parameter of control also to comprise:
1. oxygen-supplying amount
Oxygen-supplying amount is wanted suitably, is 0.05～0.2m
3/ m
3Min
2. water ratio
The initial compost moisture of mixture is 50%～60%;
3. carbon-nitrogen ratio
The contained carbon-nitrogen ratio of mixture is 20～30 in the composting process;
4. carbon-phosphorus ratio
The contained carbon-phosphorus ratio of compost mixture material is 75～150;
5. pH value
The compost initial stage, the pH value dropped to 5.5～6.0 owing to the effect of acid bacteria, and it is acid that compost material is, and then owing to being growth and the breeding of nutriment bacterium with the acid, the pH value rises; The pH value that composting process finishes the back material rises to 8.5～9.0;
6. porosity
The porosity of mixture is controlled at and is not less than 20%;
Carried out the passivating process of heavy metal simultaneously in fermentation and ageing stage;
(5) finished product processing: the weight percent proportioning is the material that becomes thoroughly decomposed: humic acid: urea=80%: 12.5%: 7.5%, become thoroughly decomposed material and humic acid after Herba Eichhorniae and the sludge fermentation ageing, urea are sent into mixing machine through the metering feed respectively by proportioning, the material that mixes is through pulverizing, dry, cool off, sieving, come back to mixing machine after the excessive material fragmentation, qualified finished product becomes organic commercial fertilizer through the metering packing warehouse-in.
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| CN2009100250881A CN101486613B (en) | 2009-02-18 | 2009-02-18 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer by mixed fermentation of water hyacinth and dewatered sludge |
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| CN101486613B true CN101486613B (en) | 2011-04-20 |
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| CN101774835B (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2013-02-20 | 中山大学 | Composting material composition and composting method |
| CN101774836A (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2010-07-14 | 江苏江达生态科技有限公司 | Method for mixed composting of dredging silt and life sludge by composite microorganism |
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| CN102167629A (en) * | 2011-01-10 | 2011-08-31 | 王斌 | Method for preparing biological organic fertilizer from sludge serving as raw material and application of biological organic fertilizer |
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| CN103601566A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-02-26 | 谢明英 | Water hyacinth organic fertilizer |
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| CN104496583A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-08 | 常熟市添源环保科技有限公司 | Innocent treatment method for sludge composting fermentation |
| CN104557287B (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2018-05-18 | 河北百禾丰化肥有限公司 | A kind of green ecological potash fertilizer and preparation method |
| CN104741363B (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2016-09-07 | 郭志刚 | A kind of comprehensive utilization of waterhyacinth and/or the method for plant husbandry discarded object |
| CN104909961A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-09-16 | 刘彬 | Method for producing soil remediation agent |
| CN105130644A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-12-09 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Alga, aquatic plant and sludge matrix preparing method |
| CN106495843A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-03-15 | 福建省水土保持试验站 | A kind of Herba Eichhorniae soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN106810355A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-06-09 | 常熟市添源环保科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of ecological Organic sludge manure |
| CN106748211A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 常熟市添源环保科技有限公司 | A kind of ecological Organic sludge manure |
| CN107188627A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-09-22 | 湖南七纬科技有限公司 | A kind of water hyacinth culture medium of edible fungus and preparation method thereof |
| CN114368990A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-19 | 中交（天津）生态环保设计研究院有限公司 | Fermentation method of water hyacinth |
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