CN110160317A - 低温液化气体产生装置 - Google Patents

低温液化气体产生装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110160317A
CN110160317A CN201910090026.2A CN201910090026A CN110160317A CN 110160317 A CN110160317 A CN 110160317A CN 201910090026 A CN201910090026 A CN 201910090026A CN 110160317 A CN110160317 A CN 110160317A
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China
Prior art keywords
piping
liquefied gas
generation device
holding vessel
low temp
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CN201910090026.2A
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CN110160317B (zh
Inventor
日高康祐
小田仁
松藤和树
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Ulvac Cryogenics Inc
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Ulvac Cryogenics Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F25J1/0015—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F25J1/0017—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/0062—Light or noble gases, mixtures thereof
    • F25J1/0065—Helium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0225—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using other external refrigeration means not provided before, e.g. heat driven absorption chillers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
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    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
    • F25J1/0276—Laboratory or other miniature devices
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
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    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04945—Details of internal structure; insulation and housing of the cold box
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/031—Treating the boil-off by discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/02—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
    • F17C5/04—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. filling with helium or hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/60—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
    • F25J2205/64—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end by pressure-swing adsorption [PSA] at the hot end
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/40—Air or oxygen enriched air, i.e. generally less than 30mol% of O2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/42—Nitrogen or special cases, e.g. multiple or low purity N2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/06—Lifting of liquids by gas lift, e.g. "Mammutpumpe"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
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Abstract

本发明提供能够减少装置的设置占有面积并能够变更取出口的位置的低温液化气体产生装置。本发明的一个方式所涉及的低温液化气体产生装置具备储存罐、气体导入器、冷冻回路、送出配管以及壳体。所述储存罐储存液化气体。所述气体导入器向所述储存罐导入要液化的气体。所述冷冻回路包括对导入所述储存罐的气体进行冷却并液化的冷冻机。所述送出配管与所述储存罐连通，并在前端部具有液化气体的取出口。所述壳体具有能够可装卸地保持所述送出配管的前端部的操作部，并***述储存罐、所述冷冻回路、所述气体导入器以及所述送出配管。

Description

低温液化气体产生装置
技术领域
本发明涉及能够制造液氮等低温液化气体的低温液化气体产生装置。
背景技术
一直以来，已知有简易地制造作为理科设备等的冷热源的液氮产生装置。例如，在专利文献1中公开了一种简易液氮制造装置，其具备在上部具有开口部的绝热容器即贮藏槽、将氮气导入贮藏槽的空气分离装置、配置于贮藏槽的开口部并使导入贮藏槽的氮气液化的冷头。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开第2816959号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
对以往的液氮产生装置而言，由于贮藏槽、空气分离装置、使制冷剂向冷头循环的压缩机单元等分别作为独立的装置设置在地板上，因此存在装置的设置占有面积大这样的问题。
并且，在以往的液氮产生装置中，由于用于将贮藏槽内的液氮向外部取出的取出口的位置被固定，因此无法根据收容供给的液氮的容器的种类或大小来变更取出口的位置，或者，需要将另行准备的连接用软管向取出口进行连接来取出液氮。
鉴于上述情况，本发明的目的在于提供能够降低装置的设置占有面积并能够变更取出口的位置的低温液化气体产生装置。
用于解决课题的技术方案
为了达到上述目的，本发明的一个方式所涉及的低温液化气体产生装置具备储存罐、气体导入器、冷冻回路、送出配管以及壳体。
所述储存罐储存液化气体。
所述气体导入器向所述储存罐导入要液化的气体。
所述冷冻回路包括对导入所述储存罐的气体进行冷却并液化的冷冻机。
所述送出配管与所述储存罐连通，并在前端部具有液化气体的取出口。
所述壳体具有能够可装卸地保持所述送出配管的前端部的操作部，并***述储存罐、所述冷冻回路、所述气体导入器以及所述送出配管。
在上述低温液化气体产生装置中，由于储存罐、冷冻回路、气体导入器及送出配管分别收容于共同的壳体，因此能够实现装置整体的紧凑化和设置面积的减少。另外，由于在壳体的操作部，送出配管的前端部以可装卸的方式来构成，因此能够变更取出口的位置。
所述送出配管的前端部还可以包括固定于所述取出口的附近的手柄，所述送出配管也可以构成为能够经由所述手柄从所述操作部向所述壳体的外侧拉出。
由于送出配管构成为能够拉出，因此能够操作手柄使取出口移动到任意的位置。
所述壳体也可以由纵长的长方体构成，所述长方体具有：具有所述操作部的正面；以及与所述正面相对的背面，所述送出配管也可以具有：拱形区域，其在所述正面与所述背面之间架设于所述储存罐的上部；以及垂下区域，其位于比所述储存罐靠所述背面侧的位置，并沿重力方向垂下。
通过使壳体为纵长的长方体形状，从而能够三维地配置内部的各单元来实现设置占有面积的减少，并且即使在送出配管较长的情况下也能够高效地收纳于壳体内。
所述液化气体产生装置还可以具备设置于所述壳体的内部的张力产生机构。所述张力产生机构具有第一恒力弹簧，所述第一恒力弹簧设置于所述拱形区域，并向与所述手柄的拉出方向相反的方向施加恒定载荷。
由此，使拉出的送出配管向壳体内的收纳变得容易。
所述张力产生机构还可以具有第二恒力弹簧，所述第二恒力弹簧设置于所述垂下区域，并向所述手柄的拉出方向施加恒定的载荷。
由此，送出配管的垂下区域的上拉力得到辅助，因此手柄的拉出操作变得容易。
所述操作部可以具有磁性地吸附所述手柄的保持部。
由此，能够容易地进行相对于操作部的手柄的装卸。
所述送出配管可以由具有真空绝热层的双层结构的柔性软管构成。
由此，能够防止送出配管内的液化气体的气化，也能够应对送出配管的长尺寸化。
所述操作部可以具有构成为能够支承容器的支承台，所述容器收容从所述取出口送出的低温液化气体。
由此，能够简便地取出低温液化气体。
发明效果
如上所述，根据本发明，能够减少装置的设置占有面积，并且也能够变更取出口的位置。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明的一实施方式所涉及的低温液化气体产生装置的整体立体图。
图2是概略地表示上述低温液化气体产生装置的构成的框图。
图3是上述低温液化气体产生装置的主要部分的侧剖视图。
图4是图3中的A-A剖视图。
图5是图4中的B-B剖视图。
图6是上述低温液化气体产生装置的功能框图。
图7是上述低温液化气体产生装置的送出配管的主要部分侧视图。
图8是表示上述送出配管被拉出的状态的低温液化气体产生装置的侧剖视图。
具体实施方式
下面，参照附图对本发明的实施方式进行说明。
图1是表示本发明的一实施方式所涉及的低温液化气体产生装置的整体立体图。在图中，X轴、Y轴以及Z轴表示相互正交的3个轴向，Z轴相当于铅垂方向。
在本实施方式中，作为低温液化气体产生装置，以液氮产生装置为例举例进行说明。
[低温液化气体产生装置的整体构成]
本实施方式的液氮产生装置100具备壳体10，所述壳体10收纳产生、储存、取出液氮所需的全部设备。
在本实施方式中，壳体10由纵长的长方体构成，所述长方体具有正面11、背面12、两个侧面13以及顶面14。在壳体10的正面11设置有用于将液氮向外部取出的操作部20。
下面，对液氮产生装置100的整体构成进行说明。图2是概略地表示液氮产生装置100的构成的框图。
如图2所示，液氮产生装置100具备储存液氮的储存罐31、向储存罐31导入要液化的气体(在本实施方式中为氮气)的气体导入器32、包括对向储存罐31导入的氮气进行冷却并液化的冷冻机33的冷冻回路、在前端部具有液氮的取出口51的送出配管50等。壳体10将这些储存罐31、冷冻回路、气体导入器32、送出配管50等收容于内部。
储存罐31由在上部具有开口部310的绝热容器构成。在开口部310气密地安装有盖311。储存罐31具有液面传感器312，液面传感器312用于将液氮的储存量维持在给定范围。液面传感器312的结构并没有特别限定，除如图示那样使用两个传感器来检测液面的位置的情况以外，也可以使用单一的棒状的传感器来进行检测。
气体导入器32经由导入配管41将氮气导入储存罐31内，导入配管41贯通盖311并与开口部310连通。气体导入器32由空气分离装置构成，该空气分离装置例如通过PSA(Pressure Swing Adsorption)方式，一边将氧气吸附到吸附剂并交替地重复加压和减压的操作，一边从空气中取出氮气。在壳体10的正面11设有供被取入气体导入器32的空气通过的通气部11a(参照图1)。
冷冻机33设置于储存罐31的盖311，并且具有经由开口部310向储存罐31内突出的冷头33a。冷冻机33从与冷冻机33一起构成冷冻回路的压缩机单元34接受制冷剂气体(例如，氦)的供给，使冷头33a维持在极低温(在本例中为液氮的沸点(77K)以下的温度)。冷头33a使经由导入配管41被导入开口部310的氮气冷却并液化。由此，产生液氮并储存于储存罐31。
在储存罐31的盖311连接有用于取出储存的液氮的取出用配管42、以及用于排出储存罐31内的上部气体的排气用配管43。
取出用配管42具有在取出液氮时开放的开闭阀42v。取出用配管42的一端配置于储存罐31的底部附近(比液氮的液面Ls低的位置)，另一端与后述的送出配管50连接。
排气用配管43具有在排出储存罐31内的上部气体时开放的开闭阀43v。排气用配管43的一端配置于储存罐31的开口部310的附近(比液氮的液面Ls高的位置)，另一端配置于壳体10的内部或者壳体10的外部。
图3是表示壳体10的内部构造的液氮产生装置100的主要部分的侧剖视图，图4是图3中的A-A剖视图，图5是图4中的B-B剖视图。在各图中，省略连接各设备的配管等的图示。
壳体10的内部具有由分隔壁17上下划分的两个室(第一室15及第二室16)。在下侧的第一室15配置有气体导入器32、压缩机单元34等，在上侧的第二室16配置有储存罐31、冷冻机33等。在本实施方式中，压缩机单元34配置于第一室15，但也可以配置于第二室16。
图6是液氮产生装置100的功能框图。
液氮产生装置100还具备控制器35，控制器35控制气体导入器32、压缩机单元34、开闭阀42v、43v等。控制器35典型地由计算机构成。控制器35基于后述的操作部20、液面传感器312等的输出，控制气体导入器32、压缩机单元34、开闭阀42v、43v等。
在本实施方式中，控制器35设置于第二室16，但并不限于此，也可以设置于第一室15。
液氮产生装置100还具备用于将液氮向外部取出的送出配管50。送出配管50由长条的柔性软管构成，该柔性软管经由设置于壳体10的正面11的通孔11w(参照图3)在壳体10的外侧与内侧之间引绕。
送出配管50具有：与储存罐31连通的基端部50a(参照图4)；具有液氮的取出口51的前端部50b(参照图3)。送出配管50的基端部50a经由固定于壳体10的内部的支承件18与取出用配管42(参照图2)连接。送出配管50的前端部50b由设置于壳体10的外部的操作部20以可装卸的方式保持。送出配管50典型地由具有真空绝热层的双层结构的柔性软管构成。
[操作部]
如图1及如图3所示，操作部20设置于正面11的大致中央部。操作部20具有壳体部21、保持部22以及支承台23。
壳体部21为下端开放的纵长的箱体，并具有作为引导壁的功能，该引导壁使送出配管50的前端部50b从壳体部21的正下方垂落。在壳体部21的前面设置有操作盘24，操作盘24具备设定液氮的取出及其停止、取出量等的多个操作键。
保持部22可装卸地保持从壳体部21的下端突出的送出配管50的前端部50b。在本实施方式中，送出配管50的前端部50b具有固定于取出口51的附近位置的手柄52，前端部50b经由该手柄52被保持部22保持。而且，保持部22具有在上下方向上分离配置的一对磁铁部M，经由这些磁铁部M磁性地吸附手柄52，并以取出口51朝向下方的姿势保持手柄52(送出配管50)。
图7是表示手柄52的结构的侧视图。手柄52具有用户可把持的合成树脂制的抓握部521、以及以与保持部22的一对磁铁部M相对应的方式配置于抓握部521的上下的一对磁性板522。在抓握部521的上下方向的两端安装有金属制的加强板523。安装于抓握部521的下端的加强板523也具有作为保护板的功能，该保护板保护抓握部521免受从取出口51流出的液氮的蒸汽(冷气)。
抓握部521形成为用户以徒手或隔着手套能够把持的适当的大小及形状。在抓握部521的内部内置有闭止阀50v，闭止阀50v将送出配管50的真空绝热层50c维持为真空。从抓握部521到取出口51的送出配管50的长度并没有特别限定，典型地为100mm前后。在本实施方式中，作为送出配管50，使用内径9mm、外径30mm的双层管，但直径的大小当然不限于此。
支承台23构成为能够支承容器1，容器1收容从保持于保持部22的送出配管50的取出口51送出的液氮。支承台23设置于壳体10的正面的适当的高度位置。支承台23距地面的高度并没有特别限定，典型地设定为用户的腰的高度(约600mm～800mm)。由此，用户能够以站立姿势取出液氮。支承台23为金属制或者合成树脂制，既可以是固定式，也可以是折叠式，也可以具有防止液化气体飞散的罩。
操作部20还具有紧急按钮25。在想要使液氮产生装置100紧急停止等时，按压操作紧急按钮25。在本实施方式中，紧急按钮25以与保持部22同等的高度设置于壳体10的正面11的适当的位置，但并不限于此，也可以设置于正面11的上部附近。
[拉出机构]
在本实施方式中，送出配管50构成为能够经由手柄52从操作部20向壳体10的外侧拉出。图8是表示将送出配管50的前端部50b(手柄52)向壳体10的外部拉出的状态的侧剖视图。下面，对该送出配管50的拉出机构进行说明。
送出配管50在以图3及图4所示的方式引绕的状态下收容于壳体10的内部。更具体而言，送出配管50具有拱形区域501以及垂下区域502，拱形区域501在壳体10的正面11与背面12之间架设于储存罐31的上部，垂下区域502位于比储存罐31靠背面12侧，并沿重力方向垂下。
送出配管50的拱形区域501为在壳体10的通孔11w与配管引导部61之间架设的配管部位。配管引导部61在壳体10内部的背面12侧设置于比通孔11w高的位置。配管引导部61例如通过设置于支承壁部19(参照图4、5)的引导接受部62得到支承，该支承壁部19立设于壳体10的第二室16。
另一方面，送出配管50的垂下区域502为从配管引导部61在与支承件18(参照图4)之间沿垂直方向折返的配管部位。垂下区域502的配管长根据从操作部20拉出的手柄52的长度而变化(参照图8)。
在垂下区域502的给定位置安装有止挡部63，止挡部63将手柄52的拉出长度限制在给定以下。止挡部63与手柄52的拉出操作联动而上升，在上升至与引导接受部62的下端部62a抵接的距离的时点，手柄52的拉出操作被限制。直至止挡部63与引导接受部62抵接的上升距离相当于手柄52的最大拉出长度。
在本实施方式中，止挡部63的上述上升距离例如为600～700mm，以使该情况下的送出配管50的取出口51距地面的高度(H)例如为250mm～350mm的方式设定保持部22的位置。
本实施方式的液氮产生装置100还具备设置于壳体10的内部的张力产生机构70。张力产生机构70具有第一恒力弹簧71，第一恒力弹簧71向与手柄52的拉出方向相反的方向施加恒定载荷。第一恒力弹簧71设置于送出配管50的拱形区域501。更具体而言，第一恒力弹簧71固定于壳体10的顶面14的内壁面，并具有一端固定于固定件712的线部711，固定件712安装于送出配管50的拱形区域501的给定位置。线部711由滑轮713支承，滑轮713设置于配管引导部61的上部。
第一恒力弹簧71典型地由卷绕式的盘簧构成。通过第一恒力弹簧71，能够不依赖于送出配管50的拉出长度而以恒定的拉出力拉出送出配管50。另外，能够将拉出的送出配管50朝向壳体10的内部自动地拉回。
第一恒力弹簧71还可以具有单向旋转机构部714(参照图5)。单向旋转机构部714典型地具有与线部711的抽出操作联动而旋转的锁止齿，并构成为能够以给定的抽出单位长度将线部711保持在该位置。由此，能够将送出配管50以任意的长度拉出。对基于单向旋转机构部714的锁止解除的机构并没有特别限定，能够在送出配管50采用与拉出操作联动而解除的机构、通过适当的键操作而解除的机构等。
张力产生机构70还具有第二恒力弹簧72，第二恒力弹簧72向手柄52的拉出方向施加恒定的载荷。第二恒力弹簧72设置于送出配管50的垂下区域502。更具体而言，第二恒力弹簧72固定于壳体10的顶面14的内壁面，并具有一端固定于固定件(在本实施方式中为止挡部63)的线部721，上述固定件安装于送出配管50的垂下区域502的给定位置。
第一恒力弹簧72与第一恒力弹簧71同样地由卷绕式的盘簧构成。通过第二恒力弹簧72，送出配管50的垂下区域502的上拉力得到辅助，因此手柄52的拉出操作变得容易。
第一恒力弹簧71及第二恒力弹簧72的弹簧力并没有特别限定，它们之间的大小关系也不限。例如，垂下区域502的长度越长，将手柄52向操作部20侧拉回的力越强。在该情况下，能够使第一恒力弹簧71比第二恒力弹簧72弹簧力小。
[低温液化气体产生装置的动作]
接下来，对本实施方式的液氮产生装置100的典型动作进行说明。
在液氮产生装置100中，通过气体导入器32向储存罐31导入氮气。此时，取出用配管42的开闭阀42v关闭，排气用配管43的开闭阀43v开放。向储存罐31导入的氮气通过冷头33a进行冷却、液化，并储存到储存罐31内。未液化而残留的气体经由排气用配管43向储存罐31的外部排气。当由液面传感器312检测到液氮的储存量为给定以上时，冷冻机33停止。此时，压缩机单元34及气体导入器32也可以停止。
当输入操作盘24上的液氮取出用的操作键时，取出用配管42的开闭阀42v开放，排气用配管43的开闭阀43v关闭。由此，由于从气体导入器32供给的氮气，储存罐31的内压上升，液氮经由取出用配管42及送出配管50朝向取出口51被送出。当输入液氮取出停止用的操作键时，取出用配管42的开闭阀42v关闭，排气用配管43的开闭阀43v开放，从而液氮的取出停止。
在此，如图1及如图3所示，在送出配管50的手柄52被保持在保持部22的情况下，从取出口51流出的液氮由载置于支承台23的容器1收容。该情况下，在容器1的容量为已知的情况下，也可以构成为在液氮的送出量达到填充容器1的程度的给定值的时点使液氮的取出操作自动地结束。
另一方面，如图7所示，经由手柄52将送出配管50从操作部20拉出，从而能够变更取出口51的位置或高度。例如，在收容液氮的容器为无法设置于支承台23的程度的大型的情况下等，通过将送出配管50的取出口51朝向地面拉出，从而向载置于地面上的容器供给液氮。
根据本实施方式的液氮产生装置100，由于储存罐31、包括冷冻机33及压缩机单元34的冷冻回路、气体导入器32以及送出配管50分别收容于共同的壳体10，因此能够实现装置整体的紧凑化和设置面积的减少。特别是，由于它们三维地配置于在壳体10的上下划分的第一及第二室15、16，因此向壳体10内的收纳效率提高，能够有助于设置空间的减少。
另外，由于送出配管50的前端部50b构成为在设置于壳体10的正面的操作部20可进行装卸，因此能够变更液氮的取出口51的位置。特别是，由于送出配管50构成为能够从壳体10拉出，因此无需另外的连接用软管，能够根据容器的种类或大小容易地调整液氮的取出口51的高度位置。
并且，根据本实施方式，由于送出配管50具有拱形区域501和垂下区域502，因此即使在送出配管50为比较长的情况下，也能够在壳体10内的有限的空间高效地收纳送出配管50。
而且，由于通过张力产生机构70(第一恒力弹簧71、第二恒力弹簧72)在送出配管50的各部分向给定方向施加适当的张力，因此即使在送出配管50为比较长的情况下，也能够抑制由于送出配管50的自重(及其内部的液氮的重量)导致的操作性的降低，从而能够容易地进行送出配管50的拉出操作及拉回操作。
而且，由于送出配管50由具有真空绝热层50c的双层配管的柔性软管构成，因此即使在送出配管50为比较长的情况下，也能够抑制储存罐31至取出口51之间的送出配管50内的液氮的气化，从而能够稳定地供给液氮。
以上，对本发明的实施方式进行了说明，但本发明并不仅限定于上述的实施方式，当然能够施加各种变更。
例如，在以上的实施方式中，作为低温液化气体产生装置，以液氮产生装置100为例举例进行了说明，但并不限于此，本发明也能够应用于液氧、液体空气等的其他低温液化气体产生装置。
另外，也可以具备能够检测送出配管50的拉出长度的传感器、或者能够检测手柄52是否处于由保持部22保持的收纳位置的传感器。在该情况下，在手柄52处于上述收纳位置时和未处于上述收纳位置时，都能够自动地调整液氮的取出量。另外，还可以具备检测支承台23上的容器1的有无的传感器。
符号说明
10 壳体
20 操作部
22 保持部
23 支承台
31 储存罐
32 气体导入器
33 冷冻机
34 压缩机单元
50 送出配管
501 拱形区域
502 垂下区域
50b 前端部
51 取出口
52 手柄
70 张力产生机构
71 第一恒力弹簧
72 第二恒力弹簧
100 液氮产生装置(低温液化气体产生装置)

Claims (8)

1.一种低温液化气体产生装置，具备：
储存罐，其储存液化气体；
气体导入器，其向所述储存罐导入要液化的气体；
冷冻回路，其包括对导入所述储存罐的气体进行冷却并液化的冷冻机；
送出配管，其与所述储存罐连通，并在前端部具有液化气体的取出口；以及
壳体，其具有能够可装卸地保持所述送出配管的前端部的操作部，并***述储存罐、所述冷冻回路、所述气体导入器以及所述送出配管。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低温液化气体产生装置，其中，
所述送出配管的前端部还包括固定于所述取出口的附近的手柄，
所述送出配管构成为能够经由所述手柄从所述操作部向所述壳体的外侧拉出。
3.根据权利要求2所述的低温液化气体产生装置，其中，
所述壳体由纵长的长方体构成，所述长方体具有：具有所述操作部的正面；以及与所述正面相对的背面，
所述送出配管具有：拱形区域，其在所述正面与所述背面之间架设于所述储存罐的上部；以及垂下区域，其位于比所述储存罐靠所述背面侧的位置，并沿重力方向垂下。
4.根据权利要求3所述的低温液化气体产生装置，其中，
所述低温液化气体产生装置还具备设置于所述壳体的内部的张力产生机构，
所述张力产生机构具有第一恒力弹簧，所述第一恒力弹簧设置于所述拱形区域，并向与所述手柄的拉出方向相反的方向施加恒定载荷。
5.根据权利要求4所述的低温液化气体产生装置，其中，
所述张力产生机构还具有第二恒力弹簧，所述第二恒力弹簧设置于所述垂下区域，并向所述手柄的拉出方向施加恒定的载荷。
6.根据权利要求2至5中任意一项所述的低温液化气体产生装置，其中，
所述操作部具有磁性地吸附所述手柄的保持部。
7.根据权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的低温液化气体产生装置，其中，
所述送出配管由具有真空绝热层的双层结构的柔性软管构成。
8.根据权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的低温液化气体产生装置，其中，
所述操作部具有构成为能够支承容器的支承台，所述容器收容从所述取出口送出的低温液化气体。
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CN114135785B (zh) * 2021-12-02 2023-01-06 濮阳市海林特种设备制造防护有限公司 一种双重防泄露液化气罐

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