CN109884693B - Self-adaptive trend velocity spectrum solving method and system - Google Patents
Self-adaptive trend velocity spectrum solving method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The method comprises the steps of obtaining seismic data and denoising; secondly, performing velocity analysis on the seismic data along the direction of the seismic main survey line to obtain a first root mean square velocity; a third step of forming a velocity spectrum and a stacked seismic section according to the first root-mean-square velocity; fourthly, establishing an offset velocity field, and offsetting the stack seismic section or the common midpoint gather to obtain an offset seismic section; analyzing the migration seismic section to obtain an inclination angle structure coefficient, wherein the inclination angle structure coefficient refers to an inclination angle corresponding to each single point of the inclination angle structure; and a sixth step of setting an inclination angle threshold value and determining whether the azimuth angle is rotated or not according to the inclination angle coefficient when the relation between the inclination angle coefficient and the inclination angle threshold value is obtained. The method can conveniently and quickly judge whether the azimuth angle conversion processing needs to be carried out on the seismic data; the processing of the rotating azimuth angle is more accurate; and obtaining a high-resolution high-signal-to-noise ratio super gather and a super velocity spectrum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of seismic exploration, in particular to a method and a system for solving an adaptive trend velocity spectrum.
Background
The complex geological structure seismic imaging has higher requirement on the speed precision, and the super gather and the speed spectrum are obtained by a related speed spectrum calculation method, so that the quality of the speed spectrum can be effectively improved. The existing seismic processing method is generally carried out along the direction of an acquisition azimuth angle, a velocity spectrum method forms a gather and a corresponding velocity spectrum in a combined mode along the direction of the azimuth angle or vertical to the direction of the azimuth angle, and the influence of the directional characteristic of the formation velocity and a complex geological structure on the gather and velocity spectrum combination is neglected.
The application No. 201210017112.9 discloses a seismic velocity analysis method along the geologic structure trend, which includes determining the geologic structure trend in a velocity analysis area, making the velocity analysis bin distribution consistent with the geologic structure trend, increasing the trace gather number along the geologic structure trend by centering on a single velocity analysis point, selecting the length of the short axis of the optimal elliptical bin combination, increasing the trace gather number along the geologic structure trend, and selecting the length of the long axis of the optimal elliptical bin combination.
However, in the prior art, the trends of geological structures are not distinguished, the difficulty of seismic data processing is increased, the influence of a small-dip-angle structure on the signal-to-noise ratio and the resolution of a velocity spectrum is small, or the azimuth angle conversion processing is still performed when the seismic data are not needed to be processed, and the signal-to-noise ratio and the resolution of the velocity spectrum are influenced to a certain extent due to the introduction of extra data.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of providing a self-adaptive trend velocity spectrum solving method and a self-adaptive trend velocity spectrum solving system, which are used for distinguishing the influence of the trend of a geological structure on the resolution ratio and the signal-to-noise ratio of a velocity spectrum and solving a velocity spectrum and a super gather with higher resolution ratio and signal-to-noise ratio.
The invention provides a self-adaptive trend velocity spectrum solving method, which comprises a first step S1 of obtaining seismic data and carrying out denoising treatment; a second step S2, carrying out velocity analysis on the seismic data along the direction of the seismic main survey line to obtain a first root mean square velocity; a third step S3 of forming a velocity spectrum and a stacked seismic section from the first root mean square velocity; step S4, establishing an migration velocity field, and migrating the stacked seismic section or the common midpoint gather to obtain a migration seismic section; a fifth step S5, analyzing the migration seismic section to obtain an inclination angle structure coefficient, wherein the inclination angle structure coefficient indicates an inclination angle corresponding to each single point of the inclination angle structure; a sixth step S6 of setting a tilt angle threshold, and forming a velocity spectrum according to the first root mean square velocity when the total tilt angle coefficient is smaller than the tilt angle threshold; and when the inclination angle structure coefficient is larger than the inclination angle threshold, re-determining the root mean square speed corresponding to the inclination angle structure along the inclination angle direction to obtain a second root mean square speed, and re-determining the speed spectrum according to the second root mean square speed.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the method comprises determining a seismic processing dip zone geological structure trend; and correcting the dip angle structure coefficient according to the geological structure trend of the seismic processing dip angle area.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the tilt angle threshold is obtained by a single point test: acquiring a seismic section and a dip angle attribute section according to the seismic information; selecting two or more test points from the dip angle structure area of the seismic section; forming a single-point velocity spectrum and a corresponding gather for each test point along the direction of the main seismic survey line; forming an over-speed spectrum and a corresponding gather for each test point along the direction of the main seismic survey line; analyzing the single-point velocity spectrum and the corresponding gather, the super velocity spectrum and the corresponding gather, determining the maximum dip angle meeting the signal-to-noise ratio requirements of the super gather and the velocity spectrum, and taking the maximum dip angle as a dip angle threshold value.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the root mean square velocity corresponding to the re-determination of the tilt structure along the tilt direction is obtained by: when the dip angle coefficient is larger than the dip angle threshold value, determining an included angle between the geological structure trend of the dip angle structure and the direction of the seismic main survey line; according to the formula
And calculating the seismic speed of the turning angle to ensure that the direction of the seismic speed of the new azimuth angle is consistent with the trend of the geological structure.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the method comprises the steps of grouping the single points of the dip angle structure along the new azimuth direction, adjusting the weight relation according to different azimuth grouping ranges, increasing the weight of the new azimuth direction data, and determining the velocity spectrum and the super gather.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the method comprises the steps of increasing the number of common reflection point gathers along a new azimuth direction by taking a single point as a center for each single point, and selecting the number of gathers forming a super gather and having the best signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of a velocity spectrum; increasing the number of common reflection points along the direction vertical to the new azimuth angle, and selecting the number of tracks forming a super-gather and having the best signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the velocity spectrum; and selecting a super-gather and velocity spectrum with the optimal signal-to-noise ratio and resolution.
According to one aspect of the invention, a self-adaptive trend velocity spectrum solving system is provided, which comprises a seismic data primary processing module 1, a data processing module and a data processing module, wherein the seismic data primary processing module is used for acquiring seismic data and carrying out denoising processing; the velocity analysis module 2 is used for carrying out velocity analysis on the seismic data along the direction of the seismic main survey line to obtain a first root mean square velocity; a velocity spectrum and seismic section construction module 3 for forming a velocity spectrum and a stacked seismic section along the first root-mean-square velocity; the migration profile construction module 4 is used for establishing a migration velocity field and migrating the stacked seismic profile to obtain a migration seismic profile; the dip angle structure analysis module 5 is used for analyzing the migration seismic section to obtain a dip angle structure coefficient; the inclination angle structure coefficient indicates an inclination angle corresponding to each single point of the inclination angle structure; the rotating azimuth angle judging module 6 is used for setting an inclination angle threshold value, and when the total inclination angle coefficient is smaller than the inclination angle threshold value, a velocity spectrum is formed according to a first root-mean-square velocity; and when the inclination angle structure coefficient is larger than the inclination angle threshold, re-determining the root mean square speed corresponding to the inclination angle structure along the inclination angle direction to obtain a second root mean square speed, and re-determining the speed spectrum according to the second root mean square speed.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the system further comprises a geological structure analysis module for determining the geological structure trend of the seismic processing dip angle area; and correcting the dip angle structure coefficient according to the geological structure trend of the seismic processing dip angle area.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the system further comprises a dip threshold determination module for forming a seismic profile and a dip attribute profile; selecting two or more test points from the dip angle structure area of the seismic section; forming a single-point velocity spectrum and a corresponding gather for each test point along the direction of the main seismic survey line; forming an over-speed spectrum and a corresponding gather for each test point along the direction of the main seismic survey line; analyzing the single-point velocity spectrum and the corresponding gather, the super velocity spectrum and the corresponding gather, determining the maximum dip angle meeting the signal-to-noise ratio requirements of the super gather and the velocity spectrum, and taking the maximum dip angle as a dip angle threshold value.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the system comprises a rotating azimuth velocity spectrum determining module, a rotating azimuth velocity spectrum determining module and a rotating azimuth velocity spectrum determining module, wherein the rotating azimuth velocity spectrum determining module is used for increasing the number of common reflection point gathers along a new azimuth direction by taking a single point as a center, and selecting the number of gathers forming a super gather and having the best signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of a velocity spectrum; increasing the number of common reflection points along the direction vertical to the new azimuth angle, and selecting the number of tracks forming a super-gather and having the best signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the velocity spectrum; and selecting a super-gather and velocity spectrum with the optimal signal-to-noise ratio and resolution.
By determining the dip angle threshold, whether the seismic data needs to be subjected to azimuth angle rotation processing or not can be conveniently and quickly judged; selecting a proper test point through the complex geological structure area, and determining a proper inclination angle threshold value for the geological structure area with the inclination angle structure, so that the judgment on whether the rotating azimuth angle is carried out is more accurate; grouping is carried out along the new azimuth direction through all the single points of the inclination angle structure, so that the processing of the rotation azimuth angle of each group is more accurate; and obtaining a high-resolution high-signal-to-noise ratio super gather and a super velocity spectrum through self-adaption azimuth conversion.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the steps of an adaptive trend velocity spectrum estimation method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the steps for determining a tilt threshold;
FIGS. 2-a to 2-e are schematic diagrams of the retrieval of the tilt threshold; and
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an adaptive trend velocity spectrum estimation system.
Detailed Description
In the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration, specific features of the invention, such that the advantages and features of the invention may be more readily understood and appreciated. The following description is an embodiment of the claimed invention, and other embodiments related to the claims not specifically described also fall within the scope of the claims.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the steps of an adaptive trend velocity spectrum determination method.
As shown in fig. 1, the adaptive trend velocity spectrum calculating method includes a first step S1 of obtaining seismic data and performing denoising; a second step S2, carrying out velocity analysis on the seismic data along the direction of the seismic main survey line to obtain a first root mean square velocity; a third step S3 of forming a velocity spectrum and a stacked seismic section from the first root mean square velocity; step S4, establishing an migration velocity field, and migrating the stacked seismic section or the common midpoint gather to obtain a migration seismic section; a fifth step S5, analyzing the migration seismic section to obtain an inclination angle structure coefficient, wherein the inclination angle structure coefficient indicates an inclination angle corresponding to each single point of the inclination angle structure; a sixth step S6 of setting a tilt angle threshold, and forming a velocity spectrum according to the first root mean square velocity when the total tilt angle coefficient is smaller than the tilt angle threshold; and when the inclination angle structure coefficient is larger than the inclination angle threshold, re-determining the root mean square speed corresponding to the inclination angle structure along the inclination angle direction to obtain a second root mean square speed, and re-determining the speed spectrum according to the second root mean square speed.
The direction of the seismic main survey line is generally consistent with the seismic acquisition direction, namely the arrangement direction of the field geophone.
The original earthquake single shot often comprises surface wave interference, linear interference waves and the like, pre-stack denoising processing is needed, and a pre-stack denoising processing module can adopt self-adaptive surface wave attenuation and a subtraction method to suppress linear interference, abnormal energy attenuation and the like.
The rms velocity field is a common reflection point time-distance relationship for horizontal laminar media, which can be approximated by hyperbolic time-distance curves. In seismic data processing, moveout correction and stacking are repeatedly performed on a common midpoint gather by using various velocities from 2000 to 7000m/s, and stacking results obtained by each velocity are juxtaposed in a velocity-two-way zero-offset time plane, which is called a velocity spectrum. The method comprises the steps of picking in a velocity spectrum to obtain a root-mean-square velocity field, carrying out time difference correction processing to enable seismic channels of a common-center-point gather to be aligned before stacking, and further stacking to obtain a stacked seismic section.
And obtaining a smoother velocity field as an offset velocity field according to the first root-mean-square velocity field, shifting the common-center point gather to obtain an offset-domain common-reflection-point gather, calculating a velocity spectrum on the basis of the offset-domain common-reflection-point gather, re-picking up the offset velocity field, repeating the steps for multiple times to obtain a final offset velocity field for shifting, and outputting a final offset seismic profile and the common-reflection-point gather.
When the dip angle in the geological structure of the exploration area reaches a certain degree, the influence on the signal-to-noise ratio and the resolution ratio of the synthesized velocity spectrum is large, so that the later work of the interpretation, the seismic inversion and the like of the seismic data is influenced.
When the inclination angle is small, there is almost no difference in the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the azimuth angle and the velocity spectrum formed along the line-measuring direction, and at this time, if the azimuth angle is used to process seismic data, the calculation of the data is increased, and the efficiency is reduced.
The dip threshold refers to a critical value of the dip size affecting the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the velocity spectrum in a specific exploration area. When the dip angle is larger than the dip angle threshold value, the signal-to-noise ratio and the resolution of the velocity spectrum have large influence on the processing of later-stage seismic data, and when the dip angle is smaller than the dip angle threshold value, the influence can be ignored.
And when the inclination angle structure coefficient is larger than the inclination angle threshold, re-determining the root mean square speed corresponding to the inclination angle structure along the inclination angle direction to obtain a second root mean square speed, and re-determining the speed spectrum according to the second root mean square speed. The step of re-determining the root mean square velocity corresponding to the dip structure along the dip direction means re-determining the root mean square velocity of the geological structure area with the dip.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the method comprises determining a seismic processing dip zone geological structure trend; and correcting the dip angle structure coefficient according to the geological structure trend of the seismic processing dip angle area.
The dip angle area geological structure trend can be preliminarily determined through a seismic section formed by seismic information, and then the dip angle area geological structure trend is revised by utilizing logging information.
On the basis of the seismic profile, extracting the dip angle attribute profile, determining a region larger than a dip angle threshold value, and determining a regional geological structure trend azimuth angle larger than the dip angle threshold value by using the seismic profile time slice or the dip angle attribute profile time slice.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the steps for determining the tilt threshold.
As shown in fig. 2, the tilt angle threshold is obtained by a single-point test: step one A1, acquiring a seismic section and an inclination attribute section according to seismic information; step two A2, selecting two or more test points from the dip angle structure area of the seismic section; step three A3, forming a single-point velocity spectrum and a corresponding gather for each test point along the direction of the main seismic survey line; forming an over-speed spectrum and a corresponding gather for each test point along the direction of the main seismic survey line; step four A4, analyzing the single-point velocity spectrum and the corresponding gather, the super velocity spectrum and the corresponding gather, determining the maximum dip angle meeting the signal-to-noise ratio requirements of the super gather and the velocity spectrum, and taking the maximum dip angle as a dip angle threshold value.
The dip property profile is a seismic property parameter independent of and unaffected by seismic amplitude, which may reflect changes in dip of the formation or reflecting interfaces.
The process of obtaining the tilt threshold will now be described with reference to fig. 2-a to 2-e.
The apparent inclination angle in the figure is the inclination angle in the specification.
As shown in FIG. 2-a, the left side of the graph is the seismic section obtained from seismic information and the right side is the dip attribute section. And selecting a test point No. 1 and a test point No. 2 on the seismic section, such as the positions of two vertical lines in the figure 2-a. And simultaneously, marking the positions of the No. 1 test point and the No. 2 test point on the dip angle attribute profile. And determining the geological trend of the dip angle area, and marking the range of the dip angle on the dip angle attribute section. For test point No. 1 and test point No. 2, it can be derived from fig. 2-a: the overall inclination angle range of the test point No. 1 is as follows: the apparent dip angle is 0 degree to 4 degrees, and the apparent dip angle is 5 degrees to 9 degrees; the dip angle range of the No. 2 test point in the dip angle structure geological structure area is as follows: the apparent tilt angle is greater than 10 degrees (circled portion on right).
FIG. 2-b is a graph of test point number 1 along the line-finding direction (i.e., the grid direction) from seismic data forming a gather and velocity spectrum according to the information in FIG. 2-a. As can be seen from fig. 2-b, the signal-to-noise ratio of the super velocity spectrum and the corresponding super gather is improved to a certain extent as compared with the single point velocity spectrum and the corresponding gather on the left side.
FIG. 2-c is a super gather and velocity spectrum formed from seismic data along the line-side direction (i.e., in each direction) for test point number 2, based on the information as in FIG. 2-a. As can be seen from fig. 2-c, the signal-to-noise ratio and the sharpness of the hyper velocity spectrum and the corresponding gather are greatly affected compared to the single point velocity spectrum and the corresponding gather on the left side.
By selecting a series of test points and determining the dip angle threshold value in a certain dip angle area, the seismic data can be processed to obtain the super gather and the super velocity spectrum with high signal-to-noise ratio and high definition. The number of test points may be selected based on the complexity of the geological formation of the survey area.
Fig. 2-d is a schematic diagram of the adaptive yaw angle.
Taking the test point No. 2 as an example, determining the geological structure trend of the test point No. 2, and forming a new super-channel set by the test point No. 2 along the structure trend with the help of the speed point. In addition, the data formed along the structure course can be corrected by means of the data of the partial speed points in the direction perpendicular to the structure course.
FIG. 2-e is a super gather and velocity spectrum formed with seismic data along the structure trend after adaptive azimuth rotation for test point number 2. Compared with a single-point velocity spectrum and a corresponding gather, the signal-to-noise ratio and the definition of the method are greatly improved.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the root mean square velocity corresponding to the re-determination of the tilt structure along the tilt direction is obtained by:
when the dip angle coefficient is larger than the dip angle threshold value, determining an included angle between the geological structure trend of the dip angle structure and the direction of the seismic main survey line;
according to the formula
And calculating the seismic speed of the turning angle to ensure that the direction of the seismic speed of the new azimuth angle is consistent with the trend of the geological structure.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the single points of the dip angle structure are grouped along the new azimuth direction, the weight relationship is adjusted according to the grouping range of different azimuths, the weight of the new azimuths data is added, and the velocity spectrum and the super gather are determined.
When the situation that the azimuth needs to be rotated to form the super gather again is determined, the azimuth angles of different single points can be determined according to different trends of geological structures, different weights can be set according to the needs and the mean value can be taken, the size of the self-adaptive azimuth rotating angle can be determined, and the super velocity spectrum and the super gather can be obtained according to seismic data.
According to one embodiment of the invention, for each single point, the number of common reflection point gathers is increased along the new azimuth direction with the single point as the center, and the number of gathers forming a super gather and having the best signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the velocity spectrum is selected; increasing the number of common reflection points along the direction vertical to the new azimuth angle, and selecting the number of tracks forming a super-gather and having the best signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the velocity spectrum; and selecting a super-gather and velocity spectrum with the optimal signal-to-noise ratio and resolution.
In the process of forming the new super gather, the people can select proper gathers in the azimuth direction and the vertical azimuth direction in sequence to form the new super gather.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an adaptive trend velocity spectrum estimation system.
As shown in fig. 3, the adaptive azimuth-azimuth velocity spectrum acquiring system includes a seismic data primary processing module 1 for acquiring seismic data and performing denoising; the velocity analysis module 2 is used for carrying out velocity analysis on the seismic data along the direction of the seismic main survey line to obtain a first root mean square velocity; a velocity spectrum and seismic section construction module 3 for forming a velocity spectrum and a stacked seismic section along the first root-mean-square velocity; the migration profile construction module 4 is used for establishing a migration velocity field and migrating the stacked seismic profile to obtain a migration seismic profile; the dip angle structure analysis module 5 is used for analyzing the migration seismic section to obtain a dip angle structure coefficient, wherein the dip angle structure coefficient indicates a dip angle corresponding to each single point of the dip angle structure; the rotating azimuth angle judging module 6 is used for setting an inclination angle threshold value, and when the total inclination angle coefficient is smaller than the inclination angle threshold value, a velocity spectrum is formed according to a first root-mean-square velocity; and when the inclination angle structure coefficient is larger than the inclination angle threshold, re-determining the root mean square speed corresponding to the inclination angle structure along the inclination angle direction to obtain a second root mean square speed, and re-determining the speed spectrum according to the second root mean square speed.
And when the dip angle structure coefficient is smaller than the dip angle threshold, no azimuth angle rotation operation is performed, and when the dip angle structure coefficient is larger than the dip angle threshold, the velocity analysis needs to be performed on the seismic data processed by the seismic data primary processing module 1 again, and different channels are extracted from each velocity single point needing azimuth angle rotation to form a super channel set.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the system further comprises a geological structure analysis module for determining the geological structure trend of the seismic processing dip angle area; and correcting the dip angle structure coefficient according to the geological structure trend of the seismic processing dip angle area.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the system further comprises a dip threshold determination module for forming a seismic profile and a dip attribute profile; selecting two or more test points from the dip angle structure area of the seismic section; forming a single-point velocity spectrum and a corresponding gather for each test point along the direction of the main seismic survey line; forming an over-speed spectrum and a corresponding gather for each test point along the direction of the main seismic survey line; analyzing the single-point velocity spectrum and the corresponding gather, the super velocity spectrum and the corresponding gather, determining the maximum dip angle meeting the signal-to-noise ratio requirements of the super gather and the velocity spectrum, and taking the maximum dip angle as a dip angle threshold value.
The dip angle threshold determination module can select two or more test points, and the selected positions and the number can be determined according to the complexity of the geological structure.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the system comprises a rotation azimuth velocity spectrum determining module, a rotation azimuth velocity spectrum determining module and a rotation azimuth velocity spectrum determining module, wherein the rotation azimuth velocity spectrum determining module is used for increasing the number of common reflection point gathers along a new azimuth direction by taking a single point as a center for each single point, and selecting the number of gathers forming a super gather and having the best signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of a velocity spectrum; increasing the number of common reflection points along the direction vertical to the new azimuth angle, and selecting the number of tracks forming a super-gather and having the best signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the velocity spectrum; and selecting a super-gather and velocity spectrum with the optimal signal-to-noise ratio and resolution.
By determining the dip angle threshold, whether the seismic data needs to be subjected to azimuth angle rotation processing or not can be conveniently and quickly judged; selecting a proper test point through the complex geological structure area, and determining a proper inclination angle threshold value for the geological structure area with the inclination angle structure, so that the judgment on whether the rotating azimuth angle is carried out is more accurate; grouping is carried out along the new azimuth direction through all the single points of the inclination angle structure, so that the processing of the rotation azimuth angle of each group is more accurate; and obtaining a high-resolution high-signal-to-noise ratio super gather and a super velocity spectrum through self-adaption azimuth conversion.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim.
Claims (7)
1. The self-adaptive trend velocity spectrum solving method comprises
A first step (S1) of acquiring seismic data and performing denoising processing;
a second step (S2) of analyzing the velocity of the seismic data along the seismic main survey line direction to obtain a first root mean square velocity;
a third step (S3) of forming a velocity spectrum and a stacked seismic section from the first root mean square velocity;
a fourth step (S4) of establishing a migration velocity field, and migrating the stacked seismic section or the common midpoint gather to obtain a migration seismic section;
a fifth step (S5) of analyzing the migration seismic section to obtain a dip angle structure coefficient, wherein the dip angle structure coefficient indicates a dip angle corresponding to each single point of the dip angle structure;
a sixth step (S6) of setting a tilt threshold obtained by a single-point test: acquiring a seismic section and an inclination attribute section according to seismic information, selecting two or more test points from an inclination structure area of the seismic section, forming a single-point velocity spectrum and a corresponding gather along a seismic main survey line direction for each test point, forming an over-velocity spectrum and a corresponding gather along the seismic main survey line direction for each test point, analyzing the single-point velocity spectrum, the corresponding gather, the over-velocity spectrum and the corresponding gather, determining a maximum inclination meeting the signal-to-noise ratio requirements of the over-gather and the velocity spectrum, and taking the maximum inclination as an inclination threshold;
when the inclination angle structure coefficient is smaller than the inclination angle threshold value, forming a velocity spectrum according to a first root mean square velocity;
and when the inclination angle structure coefficient is larger than the inclination angle threshold, re-determining the root mean square speed corresponding to the inclination angle structure along the inclination angle direction to obtain a second root mean square speed, and re-determining the speed spectrum according to the second root mean square speed.
2. The method of claim 1, comprising determining a seismic processing dip zone geological formation strike;
and correcting the dip angle structure coefficient according to the geological structure trend of the seismic processing dip angle area.
3. The method of claim 1, comprising grouping the single points of the dip structure along a new azimuth direction, adjusting the weight relationship according to different azimuth grouping ranges, adding new azimuth direction data weights, and determining the velocity spectrum and the super gather.
4. The method of claim 3, comprising, for each single point, centering on the single point, increasing the number of common reflection point gathers along the new azimuth direction, selecting the number of gathers that form the super gather and that have the best signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the velocity spectrum;
increasing the number of common reflection points along the direction vertical to the new azimuth angle, and selecting the number of tracks forming a super-gather and having the best signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the velocity spectrum;
and selecting a super-gather and velocity spectrum with the optimal signal-to-noise ratio and resolution.
5. An adaptive trend velocity spectrum solving system comprises
The seismic data primary processing module (1) is used for acquiring seismic data and denoising the seismic data;
the velocity analysis module (2) is used for carrying out velocity analysis on the seismic data along the direction of the seismic main survey line to obtain a first root mean square velocity;
a velocity spectrum and seismic section construction module (3) for forming a velocity spectrum and a stacked seismic section according to the first root-mean-square velocity;
the migration profile construction module (4) is used for establishing a migration velocity field and migrating the stacked seismic profile or the common midpoint gather to obtain a migration seismic profile;
the dip angle structure analysis module (5) is used for analyzing the migration seismic section to obtain a dip angle structure coefficient; the inclination angle structure coefficient indicates an inclination angle corresponding to each single point of the inclination angle structure;
a rotating azimuth angle judging module (6) for setting an inclination angle threshold value, wherein the inclination angle threshold value is obtained by a single-point test: acquiring a seismic profile and an inclination attribute profile according to seismic information, selecting two or more test points from an inclination structure area of the seismic profile, forming a single-point velocity spectrum and a corresponding gather along the main seismic line direction for each test point, forming an over-velocity spectrum and a corresponding gather along the main seismic line direction for each test point, analyzing the single-point velocity spectrum, the corresponding gather, the over-velocity spectrum and the corresponding gather, determining a maximum dip angle meeting the signal-to-noise ratio requirements of the over-gather and the velocity spectrum, and taking the maximum dip angle as a dip angle threshold value, forming a velocity spectrum from a first root mean square velocity when the tilt structure factor is less than the tilt threshold, and when the inclination angle structure coefficient is larger than the inclination angle threshold, re-determining the root-mean-square speed corresponding to the inclination angle structure along the inclination angle direction to obtain a second root-mean-square speed, and re-determining the speed spectrum according to the second root-mean-square speed.
6. The system of claim 5, further comprising a geological structure analysis module for determining seismic processing dip zone geological structure strike;
and correcting the dip angle structure coefficient according to the geological structure trend of the seismic processing dip angle area.
7. The system of claim 5, comprising a yaw-azimuth velocity spectrum determination module for adding the number of common reflection point gathers along a new azimuth direction for each single point centered on the single point, selecting the number of gathers forming a super gather and the best signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the velocity spectrum;
increasing the number of common reflection points along the direction vertical to the new azimuth angle, and selecting the number of tracks forming a super-gather and having the best signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the velocity spectrum;
and selecting a super-gather and velocity spectrum with the optimal signal-to-noise ratio and resolution.
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