CN109765108B - Anchor spraying supporting effect testing device and method for combined body simulation surrounding rock - Google Patents
Anchor spraying supporting effect testing device and method for combined body simulation surrounding rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN109765108B CN109765108B CN201910057408.5A CN201910057408A CN109765108B CN 109765108 B CN109765108 B CN 109765108B CN 201910057408 A CN201910057408 A CN 201910057408A CN 109765108 B CN109765108 B CN 109765108B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an anchor spraying supporting effect testing device and method for a combined body to simulate surrounding rock, and relates to the technical field of sprayed concrete tests, wherein the device comprises a surrounding rock bracket, a hydraulic cylinder, a surrounding rock simulating combined body, an anchor rod and a concrete spraying layer; the surrounding rock support is uniformly provided with hydraulic cylinders, the simulated surrounding rock assembly is tightly attached to the hydraulic cylinders, the anchor rod is arranged in the simulated surrounding rock assembly, and the concrete spraying layer is arranged on the surface of one side of the exposed end of the anchor rod of the simulated surrounding rock assembly; the simulated surrounding rock assembly comprises a plurality of surrounding rock blocks, a strain gauge is further arranged between the concrete spraying layer and the simulated surrounding rock assembly, and a stress sensor is further arranged between the hydraulic cylinder and the simulated surrounding rock assembly; and the device is used for testing the supporting effect of the supporting bodies combined by different concrete spraying layers and the anchor rods. The device and the method provided by the invention realize the function of testing the supporting effect of the anchor spraying supporting through an indoor test, and have the advantages of simplicity and convenience in operation, good control effect and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shotcrete test devices, in particular to an anchor spraying supporting effect test device and an anchor spraying effect test method under the condition of simulating surrounding rock by a combined body.
Background
At present, the application of the supporting mode of the combination of the anchor rod and the sprayed concrete is wider and wider, however, the supporting effect inspection and the safety performance test of the anchor spray supporting can only be determined by on-site monitoring, but the on-site monitoring error is larger due to the difference of different on-site environments, so that the law of the concrete anchor spray supporting effect is not beneficial to research. The supporting effect of the anchor spraying structure is researched through a single-shaft compression test, and only a single data test can be carried out, or corresponding test equipment is lacked. In order to study the supporting effect of concrete in the anchor spraying supporting process and the deformation and damage characteristics of the concrete after the surrounding rock pressure is increased, a laboratory testing device which simulates the surrounding rock and can test the supporting effect of an anchor spraying supporting structure and a specific testing method are required to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose of testing the supporting effect of the anchor spraying supporting structure through an indoor test, the invention provides an anchor spraying supporting effect testing device and method for simulating surrounding rock by using a combined body, and the specific technical scheme is as follows.
An anchor spraying supporting effect testing device for a combined body simulating surrounding rock comprises a surrounding rock bracket, a hydraulic cylinder, a surrounding rock simulating combined body, an anchor rod and a concrete spraying layer; the surrounding rock support is uniformly provided with hydraulic cylinders, the simulated surrounding rock assembly is tightly attached to the hydraulic cylinders, the anchor rod is arranged in the simulated surrounding rock assembly, and the concrete spraying layer is arranged on the surface of one side of the exposed end of the anchor rod of the simulated surrounding rock assembly; the simulated surrounding rock assembly comprises a plurality of surrounding rock blocks, and a strain gauge is further arranged between the concrete spraying layer and the simulated surrounding rock assembly.
Preferably, the surrounding rock block is triangular prism-shaped, and the cross section is triangular; the surrounding rock block is made of mixed materials of gypsum, cement, quartz sand and rosin, and is made of a surrounding rock mold.
It is further preferable that a plurality of mould grooves are formed in the surrounding rock mould, the mould grooves are triangular prism-shaped, and movable baffles are arranged on two sides of the mould grooves; the movable baffle both ends are provided with the spout, are provided with the slider on the spout, are provided with the pivot on the slider, and the pivot links to each other with the lateral wall in mould groove.
It is further preferred that the cross-sectional area of the surrounding rock block on the side of the simulated surrounding rock assembly close to the hydraulic cylinder is larger than the cross-sectional area of the surrounding rock block on the side close to the concrete spray layer.
It is also preferred that the surrounding rock support includes a rectangular surrounding rock support, a right-angle semicircular arch surrounding rock support, a trapezoid surrounding rock support, a horseshoe-shaped surrounding rock support, a circular surrounding rock support and an oval surrounding rock support.
It is also preferable that a stress sensor is also arranged between the hydraulic cylinder and the simulated surrounding rock assembly; the opposite side of the concrete spraying layer is provided with an industrial camera for observing the deformation and damage of the concrete spraying layer, and the opposite side of the outer side of the simulated surrounding rock assembly is also provided with an industrial camera.
Still further preferably, the connecting end of the hydraulic cylinder and the simulated surrounding rock assembly is further provided with a pressing plate, and the surrounding rock bracket is made of profile steel.
The anchor spraying supporting effect testing method for the combined body simulated surrounding rock comprises the following steps of:
A. selecting a surrounding rock bracket, and installing a hydraulic cylinder, wherein the shape and the size of the surrounding rock bracket are selected;
B. according to the actual engineering size of the simulation object and the lithology of the surrounding rock, designing the size of the simulation surrounding rock assembly, the size of the surrounding rock block and the material proportion, and designing the length of the anchor rod;
C. B, manufacturing a surrounding rock block by using a surrounding rock mold according to the design of the step B;
D. C, horizontally placing the installed surrounding rock support on the plane of a test bed, placing the surrounding rock blocks manufactured in the step C tightly against a hydraulic cylinder to form a simulated surrounding rock assembly, and additionally arranging an anchor rod;
E. spraying concrete slurry on the simulated surrounding rock assembly at one side of the exposed end of the anchor rod, and observing the depth of the concrete slurry penetrating into the simulated surrounding rock assembly;
F. and (3) forming a concrete spraying layer after the concrete slurry is completely solidified, and pressurizing by a hydraulic cylinder to observe and simulate the pressure born by the surrounding rock assembly, simulate the deformation of the surrounding rock assembly, and simulate the deformation of the concrete spraying layer and crack development of the concrete spraying layer.
Preferably, the mixing proportion of gypsum, cement, quartz sand and rosin is adjusted according to the lithology of surrounding rock when the surrounding rock block is manufactured, and the surrounding rock block is coated with a preservative film for use after being manufactured.
Preferably, the pressure simulation of the hydraulic cylinders at different positions with different applied pressures is adjusted differently according to the actual surrounding rock stress.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
(1) According to the anchor spraying supporting effect testing device and method for the combined body simulation surrounding rock, the surrounding rock support is used for providing the test reference support, the hydraulic cylinder is used for providing surrounding pressure, the surrounding rock combined body structure is simulated through the combination of surrounding rock blocks, the anchor rods can be arranged, concrete is sprayed on the surrounding rock combined body, and therefore the anchor spraying supporting structure is simulated, and the hydraulic cylinder is used for increasing the surrounding pressure to verify the supporting effect of the anchor spraying structure through monitoring in the process of damaging the anchor spraying supporting structure.
(2) The surrounding rock block is designed into a triangular prism shape, the characteristic of actual surrounding rock transmission force can be well simulated, and the 'surrounding rock-anchor rod-sprayed concrete' combination body formed after the concrete is sprayed is more practical by observing the actual reduction site anchor spraying structure of the overall stress deformation damage condition.
(3) The surrounding rock blocks with different strengths are manufactured by designing the material components of the surrounding rock blocks, so that different surrounding rock environments are simulated, triangular prism surrounding rock blocks with more shapes can be manufactured by using the surrounding rock mold, and further different roadway shapes can be set, and the cross section from the hydraulic cylinder to the concrete spraying surrounding rock blocks is gradually reduced, so that the crushing degree of the surrounding rock can be simulated; the pressure plate is arranged at the end part of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the stress of the simulated surrounding rock assembly can be ensured to be uniform.
(4) According to the anchor spraying supporting effect testing method for the combined body simulation surrounding rock, the testing device is used for testing, the shape of a roadway, lithology and size of the surrounding rock can be adjusted according to a simulation object, the proper size is designed to be suitable for testing in a laboratory, and the sealing and sealing effect of concrete spraying can be judged according to the depth of the concrete spraying penetrating into the simulation surrounding rock combined body.
In addition, the invention has the advantages of convenient operation, simulation conditions close to the actual surrounding rock and anchor spraying supporting conditions, repeated test, low test cost and capability of testing the anchor spraying supporting effect under various special conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an anchor spray supporting effect testing device for simulating surrounding rock by a combined body;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a surrounding rock block structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a surrounding rock mold;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a mold slot configuration of a surrounding rock mold;
In the figure: 1-a surrounding rock bracket; 2-a hydraulic cylinder; 3-simulating a surrounding rock assembly; 4-anchor rod; 5-spraying concrete; 6-surrounding rock mold; 7-a mold groove; 8-a movable baffle; 9-a slider; 10-rotating shaft.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, specific embodiments of an anchor spraying supporting effect testing device and method for simulating surrounding rock by using a combination body provided by the invention are as follows.
Example 1
The utility model provides an anchor spouts supporting effect testing arrangement specific structure of aggregate simulation country rock includes country rock support 1, pneumatic cylinder 2, simulate country rock aggregate 3, stock 4 and concrete spouts layer 5. The stability of the whole mechanism is ensured by providing a test standard and a support through the surrounding rock support 1, providing surrounding pressure through the hydraulic cylinder 2, simulating the structure of the surrounding rock assembly 3 through the combination of surrounding rock blocks, and setting the anchor rods 4 and spraying concrete on the surrounding rock assembly, so as to simulate an anchor spraying supporting structure, and judging the supporting effect of the anchor spraying structure through monitoring in the process of increasing the surrounding pressure to damage the anchor spraying supporting structure through the hydraulic cylinder 2.
The hydraulic cylinders 2 are uniformly distributed and fixed on the surrounding rock support 1, pressure in all directions is adjustable, the surrounding rock simulating assembly 3 is tightly attached to the hydraulic cylinders and is arranged, the anchor rods 4 are arranged in the surrounding rock simulating assembly 3, the anchor rods 4 in an actual roadway are simulated, the concrete spraying layer 5 is arranged on the surface of one side of the exposed end of the anchor rods of the surrounding rock simulating assembly 3, the concrete spraying layer 5 in the actual roadway is simulated, and the thickness of the concrete spraying layer 5 and the proportion of concrete can be adjusted according to a simulation object.
The simulated surrounding rock assembly 3 comprises a plurality of surrounding rock blocks, the surrounding rock blocks are closely attached and spliced to form the simulated surrounding rock assembly 3, and a strain gauge is further arranged between the concrete spraying layer 5 and the simulated surrounding rock assembly 3, so that deformation of the concrete spraying layer and the surrounding rock can be monitored conveniently. The surrounding rock block is triangular prism, the cross section is triangular, and the surrounding rock block can be in the shape of an equilateral triangle and an isosceles right triangle, and the two triangles are combined conveniently and regularly; the tunnel can also be in an acute triangle or a right triangle, so that the tunnel is suitable for manufacturing tunnels in shapes such as arches and the like. The surrounding rock blocks are specifically made of mixed materials of gypsum, cement, quartz sand and rosin, the proportion of each component can be properly adjusted according to the simulated properties of the surrounding rock, the surrounding rock blocks are manufactured by using the surrounding rock mold 6, and the surrounding rock mold 6 can manufacture the surrounding rock blocks with different cross section sizes. When the surrounding rock blocks are combined and simulated to form a surrounding rock combined body, the cross-sectional area of the surrounding rock blocks on one side, close to the hydraulic cylinder, of the surrounding rock combined body 3 is larger than that of the surrounding rock blocks on one side, close to the concrete spraying layer 5, so that the surrounding rock on the deep part of the roadway is better restored to be complete, and the surrounding rock on the surface of the roadway is crushed.
The surrounding rock mold 6 is provided with a plurality of mold grooves 7, the mold grooves 7 are triangular prism-shaped, and two sides of the mold grooves 7 are provided with movable baffles 8. The movable baffle 8 is provided with the spout in both ends, is provided with slider 9 on the spout, is provided with pivot 10 on the slider, and pivot 10 links to each other with the lateral wall in mould groove 7. The movable baffle plate 8 can rotate along the rotating shaft, so that the included angle of the two movable baffle plates in the die groove 7 is adjusted, and the movable baffle plate 8 can also slide along the sliding groove, so that the side length of the triangle of the section of the surrounding rock block is controlled. After the shape of the mould groove is adjusted through the movable baffle, the angle measuring device is used for measuring the angle of the mould groove, the mixed material is poured into the mould groove, the upper surface of the mould groove is smoothed, and the rock surrounding block is manufactured. The surrounding rock block is designed into a triangular prism shape, the characteristic of actual surrounding rock transmission force can be well simulated, and the 'surrounding rock-anchor rod-sprayed concrete' combination body formed after the concrete is sprayed is more practical by observing the actual reduction site anchor spraying structure of the overall stress deformation damage condition.
The surrounding rock support 1 comprises a rectangular surrounding rock support, a right-angle semicircular arch surrounding rock support, a trapezoid surrounding rock support, a horseshoe-shaped surrounding rock support, a round surrounding rock support and an oval surrounding rock support, and roadway surrounding rocks under different actual adjustment are simulated by different shapes. A stress sensor is further arranged between the hydraulic cylinder 2 and the surrounding rock simulating assembly 3, and the surrounding rock simulating stress can be monitored in real time, so that the surrounding rock stress can be conveniently regulated. The opposite side of the concrete spraying layer 5 is provided with an industrial camera for observing the deformation and damage of the concrete spraying layer, so that the development condition of cracks of the concrete spraying layer along with the stress change of the surrounding rock of the roadway can be observed, the opposite side of the exposed side of the simulated surrounding rock assembly 3 is also provided with an industrial camera, and the development condition of the surrounding rock assembly and the concrete spraying layer 5 along with the stress change of the surrounding rock of the roadway in the thickness direction can be observed.
The connecting end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 and the simulated surrounding rock assembly 3 is also provided with a pressing plate, so that the hydraulic cylinder is ensured to apply pressure to the simulated surrounding rock assembly uniformly, the surrounding rock support 1 is made of profile steel, and the upright posts, the bottom cross beams and the top beams on two sides can be made of double-rib H-shaped steel.
The anchor spraying supporting effect testing method for the combined body simulated surrounding rock comprises the following specific testing steps of:
and A, selecting a surrounding rock bracket 1, and installing a hydraulic cylinder 2, wherein the hydraulic cylinder 2 can be welded and fixed on the surrounding rock bracket 1, the selecting of the surrounding rock bracket 1 comprises selecting the shape and the size of the surrounding rock bracket 1, and the shape and the size are selected according to a simulation object.
And B, designing the size of the simulated surrounding rock assembly 3 according to the actual engineering size of the simulated object and the lithology of the surrounding rock, dividing surrounding rock blocks according to the shape of the simulated surrounding rock assembly 3, adjusting the proportion of cement in the mixed material according to the hardness of the surrounding rock, and designing the length of the anchor rod.
And C, manufacturing surrounding rock blocks by using a surrounding rock mold according to the design of the step B. When the surrounding rock block is manufactured, the mixing proportion of gypsum, cement, quartz sand and rosin is adjusted according to the lithology of the surrounding rock, and the surrounding rock block is coated with a preservative film for use after being manufactured.
And D, horizontally placing the installed surrounding rock support 1 on a plane of a test bed, placing the surrounding rock blocks manufactured in the step C tightly against a hydraulic cylinder to form a simulated surrounding rock assembly, and additionally arranging an anchor rod.
And E, spraying concrete slurry on the simulated surrounding rock assembly at one side of the exposed end of the anchor rod 4, and observing the depth of the concrete slurry penetrating into the simulated surrounding rock assembly 3.
And F, forming a concrete spray layer 5 after the concrete slurry is completely solidified, and pressurizing by the hydraulic cylinder 2. The pressure simulation of the hydraulic cylinders at different positions with different applied pressures is adjusted according to actual surrounding rock stress. Observing and simulating the pressure born by the surrounding rock assembly, simulating the deformation of the surrounding rock assembly, and simulating the deformation of the concrete spraying layer and the crack development of the concrete spraying layer.
According to the anchor spraying supporting effect testing method for the combined body simulation surrounding rock, the testing device is used for testing, the shape of a roadway, lithology and size of the surrounding rock can be adjusted according to a simulation object, the proper size is designed to be suitable for testing in a laboratory, and the sealing and sealing effect of concrete spraying can be judged according to the depth of the concrete spraying penetrating into the simulation surrounding rock combined body. In addition, the method has the advantages of convenient operation, simulation conditions close to the actual surrounding rock and anchor spraying supporting conditions, repeated test, low test cost and capability of testing the anchor spraying supporting effect under various special conditions.
Example 2
On the basis of the embodiment 1, in order to further explain the structure of the anchor spraying supporting effect testing device for the combined body simulated surrounding rock and the method for testing the anchor spraying supporting effect, a return air tunnel anchor spraying supporting simulation test of a certain mine is taken as an example for further detailed description.
The section of the main return air roadway of a certain mine is relatively large, the width is 4m, the height is approximately 3m, the broken area is approximately 12m 2, the coal seam is relatively broken, and the roadway is supported by the anchor spraying supporting structure. The anchor spraying supporting effect test method for simulating surrounding rock by utilizing the combined body is used for testing the anchor spraying supporting effect of the roadway, and the specific test steps comprise:
And A, selecting a surrounding rock bracket 1 and installing a hydraulic cylinder 2. According to the actual condition of the roadway of the air return main roadway, a right-angle semicircular arch surrounding rock support 1 is selected, the width of the support is 3m, the height of the support is 3m, the length of the support is 0.5m, the height of a straight wall is 2m, and the arch height is 1m. And arranging, welding and fixing the hydraulic cylinders on the surrounding rock bracket. The connecting end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 and the simulated surrounding rock assembly 3 is also provided with a pressing plate, a stress sensor is arranged on the pressing plate, and the surrounding rock bracket is made of double-rib H-shaped steel.
And B, designing surrounding rock blocks with the cross sections of equilateral triangles and the heights of 200mm, 100mm, 80mm and 40mm and surrounding rock blocks with the cross sections of isosceles right triangles and the right-angle side lengths of 200mm, 100mm, 80mm and 40mm respectively, wherein the surrounding rock of the roadway is larger and broken, and the surrounding rock is subjected to equal-scale simulation according to the actual conditions of the mine, and the mass ratio of gypsum, cement, quartz sand and rosin is 4:1:9:1.5. The anchoring length of the anchor rod is selected to be 0.4m, and the length of the exposed section of the anchor rod is 10mm.
And C, manufacturing surrounding rock blocks by using surrounding rock molds according to the design of the step B, and manufacturing the surrounding rock blocks with different sizes, wherein the smaller the sectional area of the surrounding rock blocks is, the more the number of the surrounding rock blocks is needed. And when the surrounding rock block is manufactured, the mixing proportion of gypsum, cement, quartz sand and rosin is adjusted according to the lithology of the surrounding rock, rosin can be not added, and the surrounding rock block is coated with a preservative film for use after being manufactured, so that the test performance of the surrounding rock block is ensured.
And D, horizontally placing the installed surrounding rock support 1 on a plane of a test bed, sequentially placing the surrounding rock blocks manufactured in the step C by 5 layers of the surrounding rock support on a hydraulic cylinder in a sticking manner to form a simulated surrounding rock assembly, firstly placing surrounding rock blocks with large cross-sectional areas, then placing surrounding rock blocks with small cross-sectional areas, firstly drilling holes, then adding an anchoring agent, and finally adding an anchor rod 4. And finally, attaching a strain gauge on the simulated surrounding rock assembly for monitoring the deformation.
And E, spraying concrete slurry on the simulated surrounding rock assembly at one side of the exposed end of the anchor rod 4, setting the thickness of the concrete spraying layer to be 12mm, observing the depth of the concrete slurry penetrating into the simulated surrounding rock assembly, measuring the penetration depth of the concrete slurry, and judging the sealing effect of the concrete slurry on surrounding rock cracks.
After the slurry is completely solidified to form the concrete spraying layer 5, the anchor spraying supporting effect testing device of the combined body simulation surrounding rock is completed, and the device specifically comprises a surrounding rock support 1, a hydraulic cylinder 2, a simulation surrounding rock combined body 3, an anchor rod 4 and the concrete spraying layer 5, wherein the hydraulic cylinder 2 is uniformly distributed and fixed on the surrounding rock support 1, the simulation surrounding rock combined body 3 is tightly clung to the hydraulic cylinder, the anchor rod 4 is arranged in the simulation surrounding rock combined body 3, and the concrete spraying layer 5 is arranged on the surface of one side of the exposed end of the anchor rod of the simulation surrounding rock combined body 3. The simulated surrounding rock assembly 3 comprises a plurality of surrounding rock blocks, and strain gauges are further arranged between the concrete spraying layer 5 and the simulated surrounding rock assembly 3. The surrounding rock block is triangular prism-shaped, the cross section is triangular, the surrounding rock block is made of mixed materials of gypsum, cement, quartz sand and rosin, and the surrounding rock block is made of a surrounding rock mold. The surrounding rock mold 6 is provided with a plurality of mold grooves 7, the mold grooves 7 are triangular prism-shaped, two sides of the mold grooves 7 are provided with movable baffles 8, two ends of each movable baffle 8 are provided with sliding grooves, sliding blocks 9 are arranged on the sliding grooves, rotating shafts 10 are arranged on the sliding blocks, and the rotating shafts 10 are connected with the side walls of the mold grooves 7. The movable baffle can be provided with jacks and bolts for convenient fixation. The cross-sectional area of the surrounding rock block on the side, close to the hydraulic cylinder 2, of the simulated surrounding rock assembly 3 is larger than that on the side, close to the concrete spraying layer. A stress sensor is further arranged between the hydraulic cylinder 2 and the simulated surrounding rock assembly 3, the opposite side of the concrete spraying layer 5 is provided with an industrial camera for observing deformation and damage of the concrete spraying layer 5, and the opposite side of the exposed side of the simulated surrounding rock assembly 3 is also provided with an industrial camera.
And F, after the concrete slurry is completely solidified to form a concrete spray layer 5, the whole device can be lifted and rotated by 90 degrees through a crane for standing, so that the actual roadway condition is further simulated. Pressurizing is carried out through the hydraulic cylinder 2, and the influence of different lateral stresses on the roadway can be simulated by applying different pressures. And during the process, the stress sensor is used for observing and simulating the pressure born by the surrounding rock assembly, the industrial camera is used for observing and simulating the deformation condition of the surrounding rock assembly, the industrial camera at the opposite side of the concrete spraying layer is used for observing the deformation of the concrete spraying layer, and the crack development of the industrial camera concrete spraying layer at the opposite side of the outer side of the surrounding rock assembly is simulated.
In addition, the deformation and damage condition of the anchor spraying structure influenced by pressure measurement on one side can be simulated through the pressurization of the hydraulic cylinder on one side, or the action of the anchor rod on the anchor spraying structure can be judged through arranging the anchor rod on the other side of the anchor rod on one side. In addition, the device can also test the anchor spraying supporting effect under various special conditions.
It should be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, and that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover modifications, adaptations, additions and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The anchor spraying supporting effect testing device for the combined body simulating surrounding rock is characterized by comprising a surrounding rock bracket, a hydraulic cylinder, a surrounding rock simulating combined body, an anchor rod and a concrete spraying layer; the hydraulic cylinders are uniformly distributed and fixed on the surrounding rock support, the simulated surrounding rock assembly is tightly attached to the hydraulic cylinders, the anchor rods are arranged in the simulated surrounding rock assembly, and the concrete spraying layer is arranged on the surface of one side of the exposed end of the anchor rods of the simulated surrounding rock assembly; the simulated surrounding rock assembly comprises a plurality of surrounding rock blocks, and a strain gauge is arranged between the concrete spraying layer and the simulated surrounding rock assembly;
The surrounding rock block is triangular prism-shaped, and the cross section of the surrounding rock block is triangular; the surrounding rock block is made of mixed materials of gypsum, cement, quartz sand and rosin, and is made of a surrounding rock mold;
The surrounding rock mold is provided with a plurality of mold grooves which are triangular prism-shaped, and movable baffles are arranged on two sides of each mold groove; the two ends of the movable baffle are provided with sliding grooves, sliding blocks are arranged on the sliding grooves, rotating shafts are arranged on the sliding blocks, and the rotating shafts are connected with the side walls of the die grooves;
the cross-sectional area of the surrounding rock block of the side, close to the hydraulic cylinder, of the simulated surrounding rock assembly is larger than that of the surrounding rock block of the side, close to the concrete spraying layer;
A stress sensor is also arranged between the hydraulic cylinder and the simulated surrounding rock assembly; the opposite sides of the concrete spraying layer are provided with industrial cameras for observing deformation and damage of the concrete spraying layer, and the opposite sides of the outer side face of the simulated surrounding rock assembly are also provided with industrial cameras.
2. The device for testing the anchor spraying supporting effect of the combined simulated surrounding rock according to claim 1, wherein the surrounding rock support comprises a rectangular surrounding rock support, a right-angle semicircular arch surrounding rock support, a trapezoid surrounding rock support, a horseshoe-shaped surrounding rock support, a round surrounding rock support and an oval surrounding rock support.
3. The device for testing the anchor spraying supporting effect of the combined body simulated surrounding rock according to claim 1, wherein a pressing plate is further arranged at the connecting end of the hydraulic cylinder and the combined body simulated surrounding rock, and the surrounding rock support is made of profile steel.
4. An anchor spraying supporting effect testing method for simulating surrounding rock by using the assembly, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. selecting a surrounding rock bracket, and installing a hydraulic cylinder, wherein the shape and the size of the surrounding rock bracket are selected;
B. according to the actual engineering size of the simulation object and the lithology of the surrounding rock, designing the size of the simulation surrounding rock assembly, the size of the surrounding rock block and the material proportion, and designing the length of the anchor rod;
C. B, manufacturing a surrounding rock block by using a surrounding rock mold according to the design of the step B;
D. C, horizontally placing the installed surrounding rock support on the plane of a test bed, placing the surrounding rock blocks manufactured in the step C tightly against a hydraulic cylinder to form a simulated surrounding rock assembly, and additionally arranging an anchor rod;
E. spraying concrete slurry on the simulated surrounding rock assembly at one side of the exposed end of the anchor rod, and observing the depth of the concrete slurry penetrating into the simulated surrounding rock assembly;
F. and (3) forming a concrete spraying layer after the concrete slurry is completely solidified, and pressurizing by a hydraulic cylinder to observe and simulate the pressure born by the surrounding rock assembly, simulate the deformation of the surrounding rock assembly, and simulate the deformation of the concrete spraying layer and crack development of the concrete spraying layer.
5. The method for testing the anchor spraying supporting effect of the combined simulated surrounding rock, which is disclosed in claim 4, is characterized in that the mixing proportion of gypsum, cement, quartz sand and rosin is adjusted according to the lithology of the surrounding rock when the surrounding rock is manufactured, and the surrounding rock is coated with a preservative film for use after the surrounding rock is manufactured.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910057408.5A CN109765108B (en) | 2019-01-22 | 2019-01-22 | Anchor spraying supporting effect testing device and method for combined body simulation surrounding rock |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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