CN110470522B - Method for prefabricating fracture network rock mass samples with different water saturation degrees - Google Patents
Method for prefabricating fracture network rock mass samples with different water saturation degrees Download PDFInfo
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- CN110470522B CN110470522B CN201910886226.9A CN201910886226A CN110470522B CN 110470522 B CN110470522 B CN 110470522B CN 201910886226 A CN201910886226 A CN 201910886226A CN 110470522 B CN110470522 B CN 110470522B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/26—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by slip-casting, i.e. by casting a suspension or dispersion of the material in a liquid-absorbent or porous mould, the liquid being allowed to soak into or pass through the walls of the mould; Moulds therefor ; specially for manufacturing articles starting from a ceramic slip; Moulds therefor
- B28B1/265—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by slip-casting, i.e. by casting a suspension or dispersion of the material in a liquid-absorbent or porous mould, the liquid being allowed to soak into or pass through the walls of the mould; Moulds therefor ; specially for manufacturing articles starting from a ceramic slip; Moulds therefor pressure being applied on the slip in the filled mould or on the moulded article in the mould, e.g. pneumatically, by compressing slip in a closed mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
- G01N2001/366—Moulds; Demoulding
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for prefabricating fracture network rock mass samples with different water saturation degrees, and belongs to the field of research and application of water-bearing fractured rock mass tests in geotechnical engineering. According to the invention, the manufactured grouting mould is utilized, gas with different contents is introduced before water is condensed into ice according to the space forms and the water saturation of different rock fractures, ice moulds with different cavities and various shapes are manufactured, the ice moulds are placed at intervals at the space positions set by the grouting mould and poured with proportioned slurry materials, and high-temperature maintenance is carried out after pressure forming; ice blocks in the rock mass sample can be melted through later-stage high-temperature curing, so that the preparation of fracture network rock mass samples with different water saturation degrees is realized. The method can complete the manufacture of the fractured rock mass samples with non-through and different water saturation, is beneficial to various experimental researches on fractured rock masses with different water saturation, and promotes the development and application of fractured rock mass mechanics.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a rock mass sample of a fracture network with water saturation in the fields of fractured rock mass grouting, water seepage of a water-containing fractured rock mass, a water-containing fractured rock mass strength test and the like, and meets the mechanical property test and test requirements of the fractured rock mass under different conditions, in particular to a method for prefabricating the rock mass sample of the fracture network with different water saturation.
Background
Mining engineering, tunnel engineering, water conservancy engineering and other geological engineering related to water shutoff and reinforcement of rock masses change the mechanical properties of original rock masses due to the existence of cracks in the rock masses, and the cracks of the rock masses often contain water with different water saturation degrees. In view of the importance of fractured rock mass in major engineering construction, mechanical experiments need to be carried out on fractured rock mass with different water saturation, but due to the influence of experimental means and the prior art, samples cannot be collected in original rock, so that laboratory scale experiments on fractured rock mass need to be realized by utilizing rock mass samples.
For the construction of a rock mass sample containing natural fissures, people often complete the construction of a single fissured rock mass by means of adding paper sheets, printing a rock mass mold in a 3d mode and the like. For example, a preparation method of a non-through fractured rock mass sample based on a 3D printing technology (ZL201511019619.8) discloses a method for preparing a simple mold by using a 3D printing technology, which realizes the preparation of the non-through fractured rock mass sample, but only can realize the printing construction of a single or a plurality of discontinuous fractures by using the mold, and the method is suitable for the non-through fractured rock mass and can not realize the composition of a complex fracture network, the prefabricated structure of the sample fracture formed by printing and forming can not be pulled out to have great influence on the performance of the fractured rock mass, and the condition of water in the fracture can not be considered; an indoor single-fracture rock sample preparation device (ZL201410052815.4) discloses a preparation method of a single-fracture rock mass, but the condition of a fracture network cannot be considered, the condition of water contained in a fracture cannot be considered, and the reaction of fractures with different saturation degrees cannot be realized; moreover, natural cracks often contain moisture, and the moisture has great influence on the performance of the fractured rock mass, so that the moisture in the cracks cannot be considered.
The current lack of an effective manufacturing method realizes the addition and construction of a fracture network which is the same as that of a geological rock body in a test piece, and particularly the lack of a simple test manufacturing method of a fracture network rock body with different saturation water contents in the fracture.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the preparation of fractured rock mass samples containing different water saturations and fracture network at present, the preparation method of the fractured rock mass samples conforming to the natural fracture is provided, and the method for preparing the fractured rock mass samples containing different water saturations and different fracture forms and with staggered fracture networks can be realized, so that powerful technical support and test foundation are provided for the fractured rock mass test, the test cost is reduced, and the test is simple, low in cost and easy to operate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
a method for prefabricating fracture network rock mass samples with different water saturation degrees comprises the following steps:
firstly, measuring rock mass fracture parameters
And measuring the geometric length, width, shape, water saturation, fracture position, multi-fracture interlamination and staggered relation of the fractures in the rock mass in the engineering site, thereby determining the test dimension parameters which accord with the actual engineering.
Second, preparing the ice mold
2.1) manufacturing a fracture network water model according with the test size parameters determined in the first step by using a wood material, wherein the water model can contain water and can not generate large deformation under a freezing condition;
2.2) fixedly placing the water models of various types manufactured in the step 2.1) in a freezing environment, filling water into the water models until the water models are full of water, and filling air with different contents in the water models according to the water saturation of the cracks determined in the first step;
and 2.3) after the water in the water mold is cooled and frozen until an ice block is formed, removing the water mold to manufacture the ice mold with different cavities inside, thereby realizing the representation of different water saturation degrees.
Thirdly, preparing a rock mass sample forming device and constructing the rock mass sample
3.1) the rock mass sample forming device comprises a pressurizing beam 1, a hydraulic column 2, a connecting body 3, a sealing cover 4 and a grouting mold 7; the pressurizing beam 1 is fixed on the floor, and the middle part of the pressurizing beam is provided with a hydraulic column 2; placing a grouting mould 7 under the hydraulic column 2, installing a sealing cover 4 at the top of the grouting mould 7, and installing a connecting body 3 on the upper surface of the sealing cover 4 to realize pressurization of the top plate of the grouting mould 7;
3.2) according to the crack space structure and position determined in the first step, placing the ice mold manufactured and formed in the second step at the space position set by the grouting mold 7, pouring proportioned slurry materials into the grouting mold 7 under the low-temperature condition, and slowly applying pressure to the sealing cover 4 of the grouting mold 7 by utilizing the pressure beam 1, the hydraulic column 2 and the connecting body 3 at the top of the grouting mold 7 for forming until the rock mass sample is stably formed;
3.3) after the rock mass sample is initially processed and formed, the grouting mould 7 is removed, the rock mass sample is placed in a high-temperature environment for maintenance, and the ice mould inside the rock mass sample is melted into water to fill the internal cracks.
Further, in the step 2.2), the water mold is a detachable wooden assembly with films laid on the inner surfaces of different shapes and sizes, and the assembly is required to be capable of being filled with water and completely detached; and the air holes 9 are reserved at the two ends or the middle part of each group of water molds 8 (temporary sealing can be realized), water is filled into the water molds 8 to be full and sealed, quantitative gas is input into the water molds 8 by virtue of the air holes 9 at the end parts or the middle parts of the water molds 8, the same amount of water flows out of the air holes 9 at the other ends so as to ensure the accuracy of the water saturation, and the water saturation is divided by the total filling water quantity after the water displacement is subtracted from the total filling water quantity.
Further, in the step 3.2), other rock mass spaces around the fractured ice mold should be poured as soon as possible, so as to prevent the ice mold from melting and damaging the fracture network geometry and distribution characteristics.
Further, the grouting mold 7 is a square steel plate assembly with the size of 300 mm.
Further, the compression beam 1 is a steel "die" plate beam with a height of 1000 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides an effective rock mass sample manufacturing method, which can ensure that the shape, the size and the spatial position of the fracture network ice mold are kept stable and do not change. The invention realizes the manufacture of the water-bearing fractured rock mass, particularly aims at the manufacture of rock mass samples containing fractures with different water bearing degrees, and has important significance for further researching the mechanical property of the water-bearing fractured rock mass, researching the influence of water bearing saturation, and researching various tests, such as fractured rock mass grouting, fractured rock mass permeability, fractured rock mass fracturing flow and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the operation of the method for prefabricating fracture network rock mass samples with different water saturation;
FIG. 2 is a layout diagram of an apparatus for prefabricating fractured network rock mass samples with different water saturation levels according to the method of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a water model of a method for prefabricating fracture network rock mass samples with different water saturation degrees, provided by the invention;
in the figure: 1, pressing a beam; 2, a hydraulic column; 3 a linker; 4, sealing the cover; 5, ice molding; 6 gas gap; 7, grouting the mould; 8, water molding; 9 air holes.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the method for prefabricating the fractured network rock mass samples with different water saturation specifically comprises three stages: firstly, a preparation stage, in which various parameters including the geometrical parameters of the fractured rock mass to be researched, fracture positions, network staggering, water saturation and the like are required to be determined, so that a fractured rock mass sample model which is more in line with the actual engineering is constructed; secondly, constructing an ice mold, wherein the ice mold containing specified air content is manufactured by using a wood water mold according to the determined rock mass fracture network parameters to meet the requirement of water saturation of the rock mass fracture; thirdly, constructing fractured rock mass, placing an ice mold in a grouting mold according to the designed spatial position in the stage, pouring the proportioned slurry, and curing at high temperature to form the fractured rock mass with water (different water saturation degrees) after the pressurized slurry is stably formed.
As shown in figure 2, the method for prefabricating the fracture network rock mass samples with different water saturation degrees is realized by a rock mass sample forming device, and the device comprises a pressurizing beam 1, a hydraulic column 2, a connecting body 3, a sealing cover 4 and a grouting mold 7; the pressurizing beam 1 is a steel square plate beam which is fixed on the floor and has the height of 1000mm, and the middle part of the pressurizing beam is provided with a hydraulic column 2; the grouting mould 7 is a square steel plate assembly with the size of 300mm, the top of the grouting mould is provided with a movable sealing cover 4, and the upper surface of the sealing cover 4 is provided with a connecting body 3; the grouting mold 7 is placed under the hydraulic column 2, and the pressure is applied to the grouting mold 7 and the slurry in the grouting mold 7 by the compression beam 1 through the hydraulic column 2 and the connector 3.
As shown in fig. 3, water molds 8 are manufactured according to measured parameters and are paved with thin films for sealing, air holes 9 are reserved at two ends or the middle part of each group of water molds 8, water is filled into the water molds 8 to be full and sealed, quantitative air is input into the water molds by means of the air holes 9 at one end or the middle part of the water molds 8, the same amount of water flows out from the other ends of the water molds, the certainty of water saturation is ensured, then the whole water molds are moved to a freezing environment to be frozen, and the surrounding water molds 8 and the thin films are removed after the water in the water molds is frozen; placing the ice mold 5 containing the air gap 6 into a grouting mold 7, filling proportioned slurry into the grouting mold, performing pressure forming by using the pressurizing beam 1, the hydraulic column 2, the connector 3 and the sealing cover 4, and performing high-temperature maintenance after forming.
The method specifically comprises the following operations:
firstly, measuring rock mass fracture parameters
Measuring the geometrical length, width, shape, water saturation, multi-fracture interlamination and staggered relation of the fractures in the rock mass in the engineering site, and determining test size parameters;
second, preparing the ice mold
(1) The fracture network water model 8 which meets various test size parameters is manufactured by using wood materials, and the water model 8 is required to be capable of holding water and ensuring that the fracture network water model does not generate large deformation under the freezing condition;
(2) fixedly placing the water models 8 of various types in a freezing environment, filling water into the water models 8 until the water models are full of water, and filling air with different contents in the water models 8 according to the determined fracture water saturation;
(3) freezing ice until ice blocks are formed by water cooling in the water mold 8, removing the water mold 8, and manufacturing the ice molds 5 with different shapes and different gas gaps 6, thereby realizing the representation of different water saturation degrees;
thirdly, preparing a rock mass sample forming device and constructing the rock mass sample
(1) According to the crack space structure and position determined in the first step, the ice mold 5 is placed at the space position set by the grouting mold 7, and the proportioned slurry material is poured under the low-temperature condition to prevent the ice mold 5 from being rapidly melted; and by means of the pressurizing beam 1 and the hydraulic column 2, the connecting body 3 is utilized to slowly apply acting force to the sealing cover 4 of the grouting mold 7 for molding until the rock mass sample is stably molded;
(2) after the rock mass sample is initially processed and formed, the grouting mould 7 is removed, the rock mass is placed in a high-temperature environment for maintenance, and the internal ice mould is melted into water to fill the internal cracks.
The method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple equipment manufacturing, simple and easily implemented method process, low cost and easy realization in a laboratory. The method can realize the production of any rock mass sample containing the fracture, particularly the production of the fractured rock mass which does not contain the water saturation and fracture network inside, and is favorable for promoting the development of fractured rock mass mechanics, fractured rock mass seepage mechanics and fractured rock mass freeze-thaw mechanics.
Claims (5)
1. A method for prefabricating fracture network rock mass samples with different water saturation degrees is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, measuring rock mass fracture parameters
Measuring the geometric length, width, shape, water saturation, fracture position, multi-fracture interlamination and staggered relation of the fractures in the rock mass in the engineering site, thereby determining the test dimension parameters which accord with the actual engineering;
second, preparing the ice mold
2.1) manufacturing a fracture network water model according with the test size parameters determined in the first step by using a wood material, wherein the water model can contain water and can not generate large deformation under a freezing condition;
2.2) fixedly placing the water model manufactured in the step 2.1) in a freezing environment, filling water into the water model until the water model is full, and filling air with different contents into the water model according to the fracture water saturation determined in the first step;
2.3) freezing ice until ice blocks are formed after water cooling in the water mold, removing the water mold, and manufacturing an ice mold with gas gaps inside, thereby realizing characterization of different water saturation degrees;
thirdly, preparing a rock mass sample forming device and constructing the rock mass sample
3.1) the rock mass sample forming device comprises a pressurizing beam, a hydraulic column, a connecting body, a sealing cover and a grouting mould; the pressurizing beam is fixed on the floor, and the middle part of the pressurizing beam is provided with a hydraulic column; placing a grouting mould under a hydraulic column, installing a sealing cover at the top of the grouting mould, and installing a connector on the upper surface of the sealing cover to realize pressurization of slurry in the grouting mould;
3.2) according to the crack space structure and position determined in the first step, placing the ice mold manufactured and formed in the second step at the space position set by the grouting mold, pouring proportioned slurry materials into the grouting mold under the low-temperature condition, and slowly applying acting force to a sealing cover of the grouting mold at the top of the grouting mold by utilizing a pressurizing beam, a hydraulic column and a connecting body for forming until the rock mass sample is stably formed;
3.3) after the rock mass sample is initially processed and formed, the grouting mould is removed, the rock mass sample is placed in a high-temperature environment for maintenance, and the ice mould inside the rock mass sample is melted into water to fill the internal cracks.
2. The method for prefabricating fractured network rock mass samples with different water saturation degrees according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2.2), the water model is a detachable wood component internally provided with a thin film; and the two ends or the middle part of each group of water molds are provided with air holes, water is filled into the water molds to be full and sealed, air is input into the water molds by virtue of the air holes at the end parts or the middle parts of the water molds, and the same amount of water flows out of the air holes at the other ends so as to realize accurate representation of water saturation.
3. A method of prefabricating fracture network rock mass samples of different water saturation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the grouting pattern is a square steel plate assembly with dimensions 300mm x 300 mm.
4. A method of prefabricating fractured network rock mass samples of different water saturation levels according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the compression beams are steel "die" plate beams with a height of 1000 mm.
5. A method of prefabricating fractured network rock mass samples of different water saturation levels as claimed in claim 3, wherein the compression beam is a steel "die" slab beam with a height of 1000 mm.
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| CN111220444B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-05-28 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method for preparing concealed water-containing body |
| CN111976362A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-24 | 华南理工大学 | Manufacturing method of concrete handicraft with hollow structure |
| CN113295484B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2024-01-26 | 重庆交通大学 | Method for manufacturing concrete test piece for simulating water-containing cavity defect |
| CN114166613A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-11 | 广西大学 | Device and method for quickly manufacturing fractured rock samples in pressure environment |
| CN114233380B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-12-05 | 徐州格润矿山技术开发有限公司 | Method for isolating, grouting and filling overlying strata by using coal-based solid wastes |
| CN115078121B (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-12-09 | 太原理工大学 | Indirect visual rock multi-cluster fracturing indoor test device and method |
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Inventor after: Mou Wenqiang Inventor after: Li Lianchong Inventor after: Zhu Wancheng Inventor after: Yang Tianhong Inventor after: Yu Qinglei Inventor after: Liu Honglei Inventor after: Zhang Penghai Inventor before: Li Lianchong Inventor before: Mou Wenqiang Inventor before: Zhu Wancheng Inventor before: Yang Tianhong Inventor before: Yu Qinglei Inventor before: Liu Honglei Inventor before: Zhang Penghai |
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Application publication date: 20191119 Assignee: Shenyang Yukun survey Consulting Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Northeastern University Contract record no.: X2022210000035 Denomination of invention: A method of prefabricating rock samples of fracture network with different water saturation Granted publication date: 20201030 License type: Common License Record date: 20220720 |