CN109496701A - A kind of method of Southern Red Soil hilly upland grass planting - Google Patents
A kind of method of Southern Red Soil hilly upland grass planting Download PDFInfo
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- CN109496701A CN109496701A CN201910028299.4A CN201910028299A CN109496701A CN 109496701 A CN109496701 A CN 109496701A CN 201910028299 A CN201910028299 A CN 201910028299A CN 109496701 A CN109496701 A CN 109496701A
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- hemarthria compressa
- herbage
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of Southern Red Soil hilly upland grass planting, and step is: (1) configuration on Southern Red Soil hillside meadow: the selection gradient, and the contour native site preparation of ladder, table top is wide, and inclined-plane is wide；(2) selection of the herbage variety on Southern Red Soil hillside meadow: the herbage variety A of selection south growth is perennial evergreen herbage；(3) A, Southern Red Soil hillside Grassland Herbage implantation methods site preparation, apply fertilizer to the subsoil.Before and after ten months bottoms, using small-size rotary tiller by hillside fields table top soil rotary tillage；B, it transplants: control spacing in the rows, line-spacing, cuttage before rainfall；C, field management: seedling stem emergence enters the jointing stage, spreads fertilizer over the fields top dressing with urea；D, it harvests: cradling the Hemarthria compressa taken root in slope surface, often cradle and all apply fermentation sheep biogas slurry, cradle the Hemarthria compressa taken root in slope surface, slope surface continues to cover Hemarthria compressa.Method is simple, easy to operate, carries out production and had both met South Red Soil Region cattle and sheep herbage demand, is easy to be received and used by vast cultivation and farmer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hilly uplands to utilize technical field, be more particularly to a kind of side of Southern Red Soil hilly upland grass planting
Method, artificially sown pastures building and water and soil conservation exploitation suitable for -25 ° of natural slopes in 0 ° of South Red Soil Region are used.
Background technique
Steep hilly region in southern China is the second largest serious soil and water loss zone that China is only second to loess plateau, since people ploughs more
Few, the big slope in mountain is steep, and abundant rainfall, especially heavy rain are more, and vegetation is once destroyed, under the impact of high rainfall, it is easy to produce
Raw serious soil erosion.In recent years, with the rise of southern cowboying sheep husbandry, more and more hillside fields be used to herd or plant
Artificial grass.Since unordered herding and open up wasteland causes soil erosion further serious, the southern red of a set of science is formulated
Earth hilly upland grass planting mode is screened the herbage variety and planting technology for being suitble to the plantation of Red Soil Region of South China hillside fields, was both met
South Red Soil Region cattle and sheep herbage demand, and it is conducive to the water and soil conservation in this area, it is significant.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of methods of Southern Red Soil hilly upland grass planting, and method is simple, operation
It is convenient, it is suitble to the herbage variety and planting technology in this area, carries out production using the method and both met South Red Soil Region cattle and sheep
Herbage demand is conducive to the water and soil conservation in this area.It is easy to be received and used by vast cultivation and farmer.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is significant for preventing soil erosion control effect during slope utilization.Meadow
Annual run-off is 2.09 cubic metres, 1.04 cubic metres within 2016 and 2017；Pine tree 2016 and 2017 annual run-offs
It is 11.18 cubic metres, 5.94 cubic metres；Annual run-off is 10.52 cubic metres, 7.81 cubes within citrus 2016 and 2017
Rice；Annual run-off is 47.66 cubic metres, 11.99 cubic metres within tealeaves 2016 and 2017；Farming 2016 and 2017 complete
Annual runoff is 37.51 cubic metres, 22.76 cubic metres；Meadow is minimum in five kinds of artificial slope utilization types, respectively tea
4.39%, the 8.67% of leaf.
The 2016 and 2017 annual quantity of sand and mud in meadow are 0.56 cubic metre, 0.40 cubic metre；Pine tree 2016 and 2017
Year, annual quantity of sand and mud was 0.56 cubic metre, 0.40 cubic metre；The annual quantity of sand and mud of citrus 2016 and 2017 is 1.47 cubic metres,
1.24 cubic meter；Annual quantity of sand and mud is 1.16 cubic metres, 0.94 cubic metre within tealeaves 2016 and 2017；Farming 2016 and
Annual quantity of sand and mud is 37.51 cubic metres, 22.76 cubic metres within 2017；Meadow whole year sediment discharge is five kinds of artificial slope utilizations
It is minimum in type, it is 1.39%, the 3.14% of farming.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the following technical solution is employed to realize by the present invention:
A kind of method of Southern Red Soil hilly upland grass planting, including the following steps:
(1) configuration on Southern Red Soil hillside meadow: the selection gradient within 25 °, soil layer in the hillside fields of 30cm or more, etc.
The high native site preparation of ladder, wide 200 centimetres of table top or so, wide 150 centimetres or so of inclined-plane, table top at upward slope at wide 30 centimetres or so,
Deep 20 centimetres or so of ditch.
(2) a kind of herbage product being suitble in south growth the selection of the herbage variety on Southern Red Soil hillside meadow: are selected
Kind A.A kind is the evergreen herbage that (2-5) is raw for many years, and biomass is big, and adventitious root is generated in production process, is able to maintain water
Soil.
The A kind is Hemarthria compressa series herbage, and serial herbage is high Hemarthria compressa, Hemarthria compressa, Hemarthria compressa, calf
Whip grass is therein any or two to four kinds any combination.
(3) Southern Red Soil hillside Grassland Herbage implantation methods, the steps include:
A, site preparation, apply fertilizer to the subsoil.Before and after ten months bottoms, using small-size rotary tiller by hillside fields table top soil rotary tillage 1-2 times, to be suitble to
Long-term cropping is degree, the rear contour ditch for opening 10-20 centimetres of depth, applies decomposed sheep dung in ditch, 22500-30000 kilograms/hectare,
450-600 kilograms/hectare of compound fertilizer, while applying boron fertilizer and each 15 kilogram/hectare of zinc fertilizer.The compound fertilizer is normal in the market
The compound fertilizer (any in the market) seen, N P and K total nutrient >=30%.
B, it transplants.Controlling spacing in the rows is 2-3 centimetres, and line-spacing is 35 centimetres or so, and both sides stay 20 centimetres or so, table top plantation 4
Row left and right.Cuttage before rainfall, cuttage maternal plant is 20-30 centimetres long, containing 2-3 section.
C, field management: seedling stem emergence enters the jointing stage, spreads fertilizer over the fields top dressing with 75 kilograms of urea per hectare.Hemarthria compressa grew
Cheng Zhong guides the inside side slope growth of the interior Hemarthria compressa for surveying slope surface, guides the outside side slope growth of outer side slope Hemarthria compressa.It is logical
Crossing the method makes slope surface cover Hemarthria compressa, reduces slope soil erosion.
D, it harvests: when growing to 55-65 centimetres high, cradling Hemarthria compressa together and promote tiller.It suitably cradles and is pricked in slope surface
The Hemarthria compressa of root.Primary all applications fermentation 150000 kilogram/hectare of sheep biogas slurry, enhancing development are often cradled, slope surface does not need
Apply sheep biogas slurry.Cradling Hemarthria compressa can be used for the production of cattle and sheep, suitably cradle the Hemarthria compressa taken root in slope surface, obtain grass
While material, it is ensured that slope surface continues to cover Hemarthria compressa, prevents the soil erosion of slope surface.
The 2016 and 2017 annual run-offs in meadow are 2.09 cubic metres, 1.04 cubic metres；Pine tree 2016 and 2017
Year, annual run-off was 11.18 cubic metres, 5.94 cubic metres；Annual run-off is 10.52 cubes within citrus 2016 and 2017
Rice, 7.81 cubic metres；Annual run-off is 47.66 cubic metres, 11.99 cubic metres within tealeaves 2016 and 2017；Farming 2016
Year and 2017, annual run-off was 37.51 cubic metres, 22.76 cubic metres；Meadow be in five kinds of artificial slope utilization types most
It is low, respectively 4.39%, the 8.67% of tealeaves.See table 1.
Each use pattern run-off of table 1:2016, silt numerical quantity
The 2016 and 2017 annual quantity of sand and mud in meadow are 0.56 cubic metre, 0.40 cubic metre；Pine tree 2016 and 2017
Year, annual quantity of sand and mud was 0.56 cubic metre, 0.40 cubic metre；The annual quantity of sand and mud of citrus 2016 and 2017 is 1.47 cubic metres,
1.24 cubic meter；Annual quantity of sand and mud is 1.16 cubic metres, 0.94 cubic metre within tealeaves 2016 and 2017；Farming 2016 and
Annual quantity of sand and mud is 37.51 cubic metres, 22.76 cubic metres within 2017；Meadow whole year sediment discharge is five kinds of artificial slope utilizations
It is minimum in type, it is 1.39%, the 3.14% of farming.See table 2.
Each use pattern run-off of table 2:2017, silt numerical quantity
Pass through above-mentioned technical measures: the step of most critical is as follows: (1) configuration on Southern Red Soil hillside meadow uses
This earth's surface configuration can reduce soil losses, while be conducive to for precipitation being accumulated in Soil Slope.(2) Southern Red Soil hillside
The selection of the herbage variety on meadow.Select the Hemarthria compressa of perennial evergreen that can provide bud green herbage, while ox throughout the year for cattle and sheep
The habit of whip grass is conducive to cover entire slope surface, reduces the soil erosion of slope surface.(3) Southern Red Soil hillside meadow is herded
Field management and harvest in grass planting method is also particularly critical.Hemarthria compressa inside outer slope growth is guided when field management, is promoted
It is taken root into Hemarthria compressa in interior outer slope, and the Hemarthria compressa suitably gathered in slope surface when harvest all protects slope surface soil to the full extent
Earth prevents soil loss on slope land.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages that and effect:
The present invention from the configuration on Southern Red Soil hillside meadow to Southern Red Soil hillside meadow herbage variety selection with
And Southern Red Soil hillside Grassland Herbage implantation methods form a rounded system, are to improve Southern Red Soil hillside ground heddle
On the basis of closing utilization efficiency, bud green herbage is provided throughout the year for steep hilly region in southern China animal husbandry, while keeping the water and soil in hillside fields.
This set system has extensive economic value and the ecological value.This set technical solution system is than existing slope utilization technology, water
Soil keeps effect good.By comparing meadow and other several slope utilization type surface water and quantity of sand and mud, as a result such as the institute of table 1 and 2
Show.Wherein pine tree, oil tea, citrus, tealeaves, farming, meadow and restore experimental field to be 10 years or more long term tests.Meadow
Annual run-off is 2.09 cubic metres, 1.04 cubic metres within 2016 and 2017, is minimum in six kinds of artificial slope utilization types
, respectively 4.39%, the 8.67% of tealeaves；Quantity of sand and mud is 0.56 cubic metre, 0.40 cubic metre, is six kinds of artificial slope utilizations
It is minimum in type, it is 1.39%, the 3.14% of farming.Comprehensive 2 years as a result, meadow is several agricultural purposes central diameters in hillside fields
Flow and sediment loss amount are least, most beneficial for the water and soil conservation of Southern Red Soil hilly upland.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of method schematic diagram of Southern Red Soil hilly upland grass planting.
In figure: 1 is table top, is pasture growing unit；2 be outer side slope, is located at below table top, Hemarthria compressa can spread growth
In this；3 be interior side slope, and Hemarthria compressa, which can spread, above table top is grown on this；4 be natural slope, reality after the sloping fields reforms
It has been not present；5 be the ditch of the inner side slope of table top, and main function is the soil losses of interior side slope in this, plays buffering
Effect.In addition the rainwater catchment of higher position avoids rainwater from being lost with slope in this in rainfall, and Soil Slope is promoted to fully absorb
Moisture resists soil drought.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of method of Southern Red Soil hilly upland grass planting, including the following steps:
(1) configuration on Southern Red Soil hillside meadow: the selection gradient within 25 °, soil layer in the hillside fields of 30cm or more, etc.
The high native site preparation of ladder, table top is 200 centimetres wide, and inclined-plane is 150 centimetres wide, and table top is at upward slope at 30 centimetres wide, deep 20 centimetres of ditch.
(2) a kind of herbage product being suitble in south growth the selection of the herbage variety on Southern Red Soil hillside meadow: are selected
Kind A.A kind is 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 years raw evergreen herbage, and biomass is big, and adventitious root is generated in production process, Neng Goubao
Water holding soil.
The A kind is Hemarthria compressa series herbage, specially high Hemarthria compressa, Hemarthria compressa, Hemarthria compressa, small Hemarthria compressa
One such or two to four kinds any combination.
(3) Southern Red Soil hillside Grassland Herbage implantation methods, the steps include:
A, site preparation, apply fertilizer to the subsoil.Before and after ten months bottoms, using small-size rotary tiller by hillside fields table top soil rotary tillage 1-2 times, to be suitble to
Long-term cropping is degree, the rear contour ditch for opening 10 or 20 centimetres of depths, applies decomposed sheep dung in ditch, 22500 or 24000 or 26000
Or 28000 or 30000 kilograms/hectare, compound fertilizer 450 or 480 or 520 or 570 or 600 kilograms/hectare, while apply boron fertilizer and
Each 15 kilogram/hectare of zinc fertilizer.The compound fertilizer is compound fertilizer (any) common in the market, N P and K total nutrient >=30%
?.
B, it transplants.Controlling spacing in the rows is 2 or 3 centimetres, and line-spacing is 35 centimetres or so, and both sides stay 20 centimetres or so, table top plantation 4
Row left and right.Cuttage before rainfall, cuttage maternal plant is 20 or 25 or 30 centimetres long, containing 2 or 3 sections.
C, field management: seedling stem emergence enters the jointing stage, spreads fertilizer over the fields top dressing with 75 kilograms of urea per hectare.Hemarthria compressa grew
Cheng Zhong guides the inside side slope growth of the interior Hemarthria compressa for surveying slope surface, guides the outside side slope growth of outer side slope Hemarthria compressa.It is logical
Crossing the method makes slope surface cover Hemarthria compressa, reduces slope soil erosion.
D, harvest: when growing to 55 or 58 or 62 or 65 centimetres high, the Hemarthria compressa for cradling center row together promotes tiller.Often
Cradle primary all applications fermentation 150000 kilogram/hectare of sheep biogas slurry, enhancing development.Slope surface does not need application sheep biogas slurry.
A kind of method that Southern Red Soil hilly upland grass planting can be obtained by above-mentioned particular technique measure.The method can
Bud green herbage is provided throughout the year for South Red Soil Region cattle and sheep aquaculture, while keeping Southern Red Soil hilly upland water and soil, and there is economy
Value and environmental benefit.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method of Southern Red Soil hilly upland grass planting, the steps include:
(1) configuration on Southern Red Soil hillside meadow: the selection gradient is within 25 °, and soil layer is in the hillside fields of 30cm or more, contour ladder
Native site preparation, table top is 200 centimetres wide, and inclined-plane is 150 centimetres wide, and table top is at upward slope at 30 centimetres wide, deep 20 centimetres of ditch；
(2) selection of the herbage variety on Southern Red Soil hillside meadow: herbage variety A, the A kind of selection south growth is for many years
Raw evergreen herbage, biomass is big, and adventitious root is generated in production process, conserves water and soil；
(3) Southern Red Soil hillside Grassland Herbage implantation methods, the steps include:
A, site preparation, apply fertilizer to the subsoil.Before and after ten months bottoms, using small-size rotary tiller by hillside fields table top soil rotary tillage 1-2 times, to be suitble to plantation
Crop is to spend, the rear contour ditch for opening 10-20 centimetres of depth, applies decomposed sheep dung in ditch, 22500-30000 kilograms/hectare, compound
Fertile 450-600 kilograms/hectare, while applying boron fertilizer and each 15 kilogram/hectare of zinc fertilizer；
B, transplant: control spacing in the rows is 2-3 centimetres, and line-spacing is 35 centimetres, and both sides stay 20 centimetres, and table top plants 4 rows, skewer before rainfall
It inserts, cuttage maternal plant is 20-30 centimetres long, containing 2-3 section；
C, field management: seedling stem emergence enters the jointing stage, spreads fertilizer over the fields top dressing, Hemarthria compressa growth course with 75 kilograms of urea per hectare
In, the inside side slope growth of the interior Hemarthria compressa for surveying slope surface is guided, the outside side slope growth of outer side slope Hemarthria compressa is guided, passes through
The method makes slope surface cover Hemarthria compressa, reduces slope soil erosion；
D, it harvests: growing to 55-65 centimetres, cradle Hemarthria compressa together and promote tiller, suitably cradle the Hemarthria compressa taken root in slope surface,
Primary all applications fermentation 150000 kilogram/hectare of sheep biogas slurry is often cradled, production of the Hemarthria compressa for cattle and sheep is cradled, suitably cradles
In the Hemarthria compressa that slope surface is taken root, while obtaining forage, slope surface continues to cover Hemarthria compressa.
2. a kind of method of Southern Red Soil hilly upland grass planting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the A product
It kind is Hemarthria compressa series herbage, serial herbage is that high Hemarthria compressa, Hemarthria compressa, Hemarthria compressa, small Hemarthria compressa are therein any
Or two to four kinds any combination.
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| CN102144480A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2011-08-10 | 曾波 | Application of Hemarthria compressa and Hemarthria altissima in vegetation construction and ecological governance of water-level-fluctuating zones of reservoirs and rivers and lakes |
| CN103125163A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-06-05 | 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 | Method for improving water quality of reservoir by utilizing space-time specificities of hydro-fluctuation belt |
| CN103314743A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-09-25 | 曹世雄 | Interval terrace forest and grass intercropping method |
| CN104452653A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-03-25 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Lake buffer zone building method for non-point source pollution control |
| CN104838947A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-08-19 | 江西省水土保持科学研究院 | Construction method for keeping ecological orchard by water and soil of south red earth hilly area |
| CN105103843A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-12-02 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Vegetation configuration method for preventing water and soil loss of mine dump of dry-hot valley |
| CN105961112A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-09-28 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for changing slope orchard into civil engineering orchard |
| CN207354947U (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2018-05-15 | 马龙县水务局 | A kind of new terraced fields suitable for being transformed plateau escarpment |
-
2019
- 2019-01-11 CN CN201910028299.4A patent/CN109496701A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102144480A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2011-08-10 | 曾波 | Application of Hemarthria compressa and Hemarthria altissima in vegetation construction and ecological governance of water-level-fluctuating zones of reservoirs and rivers and lakes |
| CN103125163A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-06-05 | 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 | Method for improving water quality of reservoir by utilizing space-time specificities of hydro-fluctuation belt |
| CN103314743A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-09-25 | 曹世雄 | Interval terrace forest and grass intercropping method |
| CN104452653A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-03-25 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Lake buffer zone building method for non-point source pollution control |
| CN104838947A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-08-19 | 江西省水土保持科学研究院 | Construction method for keeping ecological orchard by water and soil of south red earth hilly area |
| CN105103843A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-12-02 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Vegetation configuration method for preventing water and soil loss of mine dump of dry-hot valley |
| CN105961112A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-09-28 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for changing slope orchard into civil engineering orchard |
| CN207354947U (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2018-05-15 | 马龙县水务局 | A kind of new terraced fields suitable for being transformed plateau escarpment |
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