CN109475435B - 用于装配吸收制品的方法和设备 - Google Patents

用于装配吸收制品的方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109475435B
CN109475435B CN201780043873.2A CN201780043873A CN109475435B CN 109475435 B CN109475435 B CN 109475435B CN 201780043873 A CN201780043873 A CN 201780043873A CN 109475435 B CN109475435 B CN 109475435B
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elastic
substrate
elastic material
anvil
laminate
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CN109475435A (zh
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T.D.伦泽
U.P.达拉尔
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Abstract

本公开涉及装配弹性层合体，该弹性层合体可用来制备吸收制品部件。本文的方法和设备可包括适于围绕旋转轴线旋转的砧，其中邻近砧辊的第一撒布机机构和第二撒布机机构相对于旋转轴线彼此轴向且成角度地偏离。在装配过程期间，基底可沿纵向被推进到旋转的砧上。第一撒布机机构沿横向拉伸第一弹性材料，并且第二撒布机机构沿横向拉伸第二弹性材料。拉伸的第一弹性材料和拉伸的第二弹性材料从撒布机机构推进，并且推进到砧辊上的基底上。组合的和弹性材料然后可在砧上用超声波粘结在一起以形成至少一个弹性层合体。

Description

用于装配吸收制品的方法和设备
技术领域
本公开涉及用于制造吸收制品的方法，并且更具体地涉及用于装配弹性层合体的设备和方法，该弹性层合体用于制备吸收制品部件。
背景技术
可通过沿装配线将各部件添加到推进的连续材料纤维网和/或以其它方式改变推进的连续材料纤维网来装配各种类型的制品，诸如例如尿布和其它吸收制品。例如，在一些工艺中，推进的材料纤维网与其它推进的材料纤维网相组合。在其它示例中，由推进的材料纤维网产生的各个部件与推进的材料纤维网相组合，继而与其它推进的材料纤维网相组合。在一些情况下，由推进的一个或多个纤维网产生的各个部件与由其它推进的一个或多个纤维网产生的其它各个部件相组合。用来制造尿布的材料纤维网和组成部件可包括：底片、顶片、腿箍、腰带、吸收芯部件、前耳片和/或后耳片、和紧固部件。在将所期望的组成部件装配之后，对一个或多个推进的纤维网和组成部件进行最终刀切以将一个或多个纤维网分离成离散的尿布或其它吸收制品。
一些尿布部件，诸如腿弹性部件、阻隔腿箍弹性部件、拉伸侧片和腰弹性部件是由弹性层合体构成的。根据具体的尿布设计，此类弹性层合体可以各种方式装配。例如，一些弹性层合体可由粘结到弹性膜的一个或多个非织造基底构成。在一些构型中，弹性膜可被拉伸，并且然后与非织造基底粘结以形成弹性层合体。
一些现有的弹性层合体装配操作可具有某些缺点。例如，制造操作可被构造成具有适于在粘结之前夹持并拉伸膜的机器。然而，在拉伸操作期间，机器在夹持膜时可能撕裂或刺穿膜。此外，对于一些夹持操作来讲，膜的相对大部分在装配的弹性层合体中可保持为未拉伸的。因此，膜的未拉伸部分和/或损坏部分可能相对于装配的弹性层合体的期望的弹性来讲不增加有益效果，并且因此可能表示浪费了材料和花费。在一些装配操作中，弹性层合体可沿纵向穿过膜和非织造布两者被裁切成两个巷道，其中弹性层合体的每个巷道然后可与附加部件和/或基底相组合，并且随后被转换加工成离散的尿布部件。然而，具有暴露的弹性膜的弹性层合体的裁切的边缘可有损于结合裁切的层合体的最终部件组件的美观性。
因此，有益的是提供以下的用于装配弹性层合体的方法和设备，它们被构造成最小化结合在其中的膜的损坏部分和/或未拉伸部分，并且也可被构造成没有必要穿过膜裁切层合体，以在置于装配的产品中时帮助最大化层合体的美感外观。
发明内容
本公开涉及装配弹性层合体，该弹性层合体可用来制备吸收制品部件。该设备和方法的多方面涉及适于围绕旋转轴线旋转的砧，其中邻近砧辊的第一撒布机机构和第二撒布机机构相对于旋转轴线彼此轴向且成角度地偏离。在装配过程期间，至少一个基底，诸如非织造布可沿纵向被推进到旋转的砧上。第一撒布机机构用来沿横向拉伸第一弹性材料，并且第二撒布机机构用来沿横向拉伸第二弹性材料。在一些构型中，第一弹性材料和/或第二弹性材料可为弹性膜和/或弹性层合体。拉伸的第一弹性材料和拉伸的第二弹性材料从撒布机机构推进，并且推进到砧辊上的至少一个基底上。组合的至少一个基底和弹性材料然后可在砧上用超声波粘结在一起以形成至少一个弹性层合体。
在一种形式中，用于装配弹性层合体的方法包括以下步骤：提供第一基底和第二基底，第一基底和第二基底各自包括第一表面和相对的第二表面，并且限定沿横向的宽度；将第一基底的第一表面包裹到砧的外周向表面上；提供第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料，第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料各自包括第一边缘区域和沿横向由中心区域与第一边缘区域分开的第二边缘区域；沿横向拉伸第一弹性材料的中心区域；沿横向拉伸第二弹性材料的中心区域；在第一施加区处将第一弹性材料推进到砧上，其中第一弹性材料的拉伸的中心区域被定位成与第一基底的第二表面接触；在第一施加区的下游的第二施加区处将第二弹性材料推进到砧上，其中第二弹性材料的拉伸的中心区域被定位成与第一基底的第二表面接触，并且其中第二弹性材料沿横向与第一弹性材料分开；沿纵向推进第二基底以将第二基底的第一表面定位成与砧上的第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料的拉伸的中心区域以及第一基底的第二表面接触；通过以下方式形成弹性层合体：用超声波将第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料的拉伸的中心区域与第一基底和第二基底粘结在一起；以及沿纵向将弹性层合体切割成第一弹性层合体和第二弹性层合体。
在另一种形式中，用于装配弹性层合体的方法包括以下步骤：将第一基底和第二基底沿纵向推进到旋转的砧上，其中第一基底和第二基底沿横向彼此分开；提供第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料，第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料各自包括第一边缘区域和沿横向由中心区域与第一边缘区域分开的第二边缘区域；提供第一撒布机机构和第二撒布机机构，第一撒布机机构和第二撒布机机构各自包括彼此相对斜置的第一盘和第二盘，每个盘包括外边沿，其中随着第一盘和第二盘的旋转，外边沿彼此分开一定距离，该距离从第一位置处的最小距离增大至第二位置处的最大距离；在第一位置处或其下游，将第一弹性材料推进到第一撒布机机构上；通过旋转第一撒布机机构的第一盘和第二盘而沿横向拉伸第一弹性材料的中心区域；在第二位置处或其上游，从第一撒布机机构移除第一弹性材料；在第一施加区处将第一弹性材料从第一撒布机机构转移到砧上的第一基底上；在第一位置处或其下游，将第二弹性材料推进到第二撒布机机构上；通过旋转第二撒布机机构的第一盘和第二盘而沿横向拉伸第二弹性材料的中心区域；在第二位置处或其上游，从第二撒布机机构移除第二弹性材料；以及在第一施加区的下游的第二施加区处将第二弹性材料从第二撒布机机构转移到砧上的第二基底上。
在另一种形式中，用于制备弹性层合体的设备包括：砧，该砧包括外周向表面并且适于沿第一方向围绕旋转轴线旋转；多个图案元件，该图案元件从外周向表面径向向外延伸，砧从第一端部轴向延伸至第二端部；超声变幅杆，该超声变幅杆邻近外周向表面；第一撒布机机构，该第一撒布机机构包括第一盘和第二盘，第一盘沿旋转轴线轴向偏离第二盘，其中第一盘和第二盘为彼此相对斜置的，每个盘包括外边沿，第一盘和第二盘适于沿与第一方向相反的第二方向旋转；第二撒布机机构，该第二撒布机机构包括第一盘和第二盘，第一盘沿旋转轴线轴向偏离第二盘，其中第一盘和第二盘为彼此相对斜置的，每个盘包括外边沿，第一盘和第二盘适于沿与第一方向相反的第二方向旋转；其中第一撒布机机构沿第一旋转轴线轴向偏离第二撒布机机构；并且其中第一撒布机机构相对于第一旋转轴线成角度地偏离第二撒布机机构。
在另一种形式中，用于拉伸弹性材料的设备包括：适于围绕第一旋转轴线旋转的第一盘，第一盘包括：外边沿；从边沿径向向内延伸的沟槽；横跨沟槽轴向延伸的支撑构件；从边沿径向向外延伸的多个瘤状物；适于围绕第二旋转轴线旋转的第二盘，第二盘轴向偏离第一盘，并且其中第一盘和第二盘为彼此相对斜置的，第二盘包括：外边沿；从边沿径向向内延伸的沟槽；横跨沟槽轴向延伸的支撑构件；从边沿径向向外延伸的多个瘤状物；和与沟槽中的至少一个流体连接的真空压力源。
附图说明
图1A为用于装配弹性层合体的设备的示意性侧视图。
图1B为沿线1B-1B截取的出自图1A的设备的顶部侧视图。
图1C为沿线1C-1C截取的出自图1B的设备的左侧视图。
图1D为沿线1D-1D截取的出自图1B的设备的右侧视图。
图1E为沿线1E-1E截取的出自图1C的第一撒布机机构的详细视图。
图1F为沿线1F-1F截取的出自图1D的第二撒布机机构的详细视图。
图1G为盘的外边沿上的径向突起的瘤状物的详细视图。
图1HA为沿线1HA-1HA截取的出自图1B的砧的详细视图。
图1HB为沿线1HB-1HB截取的出自图1HA的砧的详细视图。
图2A为用来装配弹性层合体的设备的示意性侧视图。
图2B为沿线2B-2B截取的出自图2A的设备的左侧视图。
图2C为沿线2C-2C截取的出自图2A的设备的右侧视图。
图2D为沿线2D-2D截取的出自图2A的弹性层合体和设备的顶部侧视图。
图2E为沿线2E-2E截取的在出自图2B和图3B的第一撒布机机构上推进的第一弹性材料的详细视图。
图2F为沿线2F-2F截取的在出自图2C和图3C的第二撒布机机构上推进的第二弹性材料的详细视图。
图2G为沿线2G-2G截取的出自图2A的第一弹性层合体和第二弹性层合体的剖视图。
图2H为处于松弛的收缩状态的出自图2G的第一弹性层合体和第二弹性层合体的剖视图。
图3A为用来装配弹性层合体的设备的示意性侧视图。
图3B为沿线3B-3B截取的出自图3A的设备的左侧视图。
图3C为沿线3C-3C截取的出自图3A的设备的右侧视图。
图3D为沿线3D-3D截取的出自图3A的弹性层合体和设备的顶部侧视图。
图3E为沿线3E-3E截取的出自图3A的弹性层合体的剖视图。
图3F为沿线3F-3F截取的出自图3A的第一弹性层合体和第二弹性层合体的剖视图。
图3G为处于松弛的收缩状态的出自图3F的第一弹性层合体和第二弹性层合体的剖视图。
图3H为处于松弛的收缩状态的出自图3E的弹性层合体的剖视图。
图4A为呈胶粘尿布形式的吸收制品在部分切除之后的平面图，该胶粘尿布可包括在制造期间根据本文所公开的设备和方法操纵的一个或多个弹性层合体，其中背离穿着者的尿布的部分朝观察者取向。
图4B为图4A的吸收制品的平面图，该吸收制品可包括在制造期间根据本文所公开的设备和方法操纵的一个或多个弹性层合体，其中面朝穿着者的尿布的部分朝观察者取向。
具体实施方式
以下术语解释可帮助理解本公开：
“吸收制品”在本文中用来指主要功能为吸收和保留污垢和废物的消费产品。本文所用的“尿布”是指一般被婴儿和失禁患者围绕下体穿着的吸收制品。术语“一次性的”在本文中用来描述通常不打算洗涤或者以其它方式复原为或再用作吸收制品的吸收制品(例如，它们旨在在单次使用后丢弃，并且也可被构造成可回收利用、堆肥处理或以与环境相容的其它方式进行弃置)。
“弹性的”、“弹性体”或“弹性体的”是指材料表现出弹性特性，它们包括以下任何材料，在向其松弛的初始长度施加力时该材料能够拉伸或伸长至比其初始长度超出10％的伸长长度，并且在释放所施加的力时将会基本上恢复至约其初始长度。
如本文所用，术语“接合”包括其中通过将元件直接附连到另一元件而将元件直接固定到另一元件的构型，以及其中通过将元件附连到一个或多个中间构件(该中间构件继而附连到另一元件)而将元件间接固定到另一元件的构型。
术语“基底”在本文中用来描述主要为二维(即在XY平面中)材料，并且其厚度(在Z方向上)与其长度(在X方向上)和宽度(在Y方向上)相比相对较小(即1/10或更小)。基底的非限制性示例包括纤维网、一层或多层或纤维材料、非织造布、膜和箔诸如聚合物膜或金属箔。这些材料可单独使用或可包括层合在一起的两个或更多个层。因此，纤维网为基底。
术语“非织造布”在本文中是指通过诸如纺粘法、熔喷法、梳理成网等工艺由连续(长)丝(纤维)和/或不连续(短)丝(纤维)制成的材料。非织造布不具有织造长丝或针织长丝图案。
术语“纵向”(MD)在本文中用来指工艺过程中材料流的方向。此外，材料的相对放置和移动还可被描述为沿纵向从工艺上游至工艺下游通过工艺。
术语“横向”(CD)在本文中用来指大致垂直于纵向的方向。
本公开涉及用于制造吸收制品的设备和方法，并且更具体地涉及用于装配弹性层合体的设备和方法，该弹性层合体可用来制备吸收制品部件。本公开的特定方面涉及适于围绕旋转轴线旋转的砧。邻近砧辊的第一撒布机机构和第二撒布机机构相对于旋转轴线彼此轴向且成角度地偏离。在装配过程期间，至少第一基底和第二基底可沿纵向被推进到旋转的砧上，其中基底沿横向彼此分开。在一些构型中，基底可为非织造布。第一撒布机机构用来沿横向拉伸第一弹性材料，并且第二撒布机机构用来沿横向拉伸第二弹性材料。在一些构型中，第一弹性材料和/或第二弹性材料可为弹性膜和/或弹性层合体。拉伸的第一弹性材料和拉伸的第二弹性材料从撒布机机构推进，并且推进到砧辊上的相应的第一基底和第二基底上。组合的基底和弹性材料然后在砧上用超声波粘结在一起以形成第一弹性层合体和第二弹性层合体。在一些构型中，可在砧上装配单一弹性层合体，并且随后被裁切成两个或更多个独立弹性层合体。例如，第一基底可沿纵向被推进到旋转的砧上，并且拉伸的第一弹性材料和拉伸的第二弹性材料从撒布机机构推进到砧辊上的第一基底上。第二基底与第一基底、第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料组合，并且用超声波粘结在一起以形成弹性层合体。然后将弹性层合体沿纵向在中心区域中在第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料之间分离以形成第一弹性层合体和第二弹性层合体。第一弹性层合体和第二弹性层合体然后可从砧推进，并且可经受后续制造操作并被转换加工成吸收制品部件。
如下文所更详述，撒布机机构的构型帮助最小化被结合到弹性层合体中的弹性材料的损坏部分和/或未拉伸部分。在一些构型中，撒布机机构的相对放置形式有助于允许在单一砧上装配多于一个弹性层合体，并且因此可没有必要通过随后裁切装配的弹性层合体来产生多于一个弹性层合体。在其它构型中，撒布机机构的相对放置形式有助于允许在单一砧上装配一个弹性层合体，其随后被裁切成多于一个弹性层合体而不必切穿弹性材料和基底两者。
应当理解，本文的方法和设备的多方面可以各种方式构造。为了帮助为对方法构型的后续讨论提供附加的上下文，下文提供了对可被构造成根据本文所公开的方法来操作的设备的描述。
图1A至图1D示出了被构造成装配弹性层合体的设备100的示意性侧视图。如图1A至图1D所示，该设备包括砧102，该砧具有圆柱形外周向表面104并且适于沿第一方向Dir1围绕第一旋转轴线106旋转。虽然第一方向Dir1在图1A中被示出为顺时针方向，但应当理解，砧102可被构造成旋转使得第一方向Dir1为逆时针方向。砧102可轴向延伸介于第一端部108和第二端部110之间的长度。如下文所更详述，基底和弹性材料可在旋转的砧102上组合以形成至少两个弹性层合体。应当理解，基底和弹性材料可以各种方式构造。例如，基底可被构造为非织造布，并且弹性材料可被构造为弹性膜和/或弹性层合体。如图1B所示，砧102并且更具体地外周向表面104也可与真空源105流体连接。因此，在操作期间，真空气压可用来帮助将基底和弹性材料保持到砧102的外周向表面104上。
继续参考图1A至图1D，设备100也可包括第一撒布机机构112和第二撒布机机构114。如下文所更详述，第一撒布机机构和第二撒布机机构112,114在弹性层合体装配过程期间用来拉伸弹性材料、并且将拉伸的弹性材料从撒布机机构112,114推进到旋转的砧102上的基底上。如图1A所示，第一撒布机机构112相对于第一旋转轴线106成角度地偏离第二撒布机机构114。应当理解，设备100可被构造成在第一撒布机机构112和第二撒布机机构114之间具有各种不同的角位移。如图1B所示，第一撒布机机构112也沿第一旋转轴线106轴向偏离第二撒布机机构114。
如图1A至图1F所示，每个撒布机机构112,114包括第一盘116和第二盘118，其中第一盘116沿旋转轴线106偏离第二盘118。第一盘116适于围绕旋转轴线116a旋转，并且第二盘118适于围绕旋转轴线118a旋转，其中第一盘和第二盘116,118沿与第一方向Dir1相反的第二方向Dir2旋转。虽然第二方向Dir2在图1A中被示出为逆时针方向，但应当理解，盘116,118可被构造成旋转使得第二方向Dir2为顺时针方向。此外，第一盘116包括在内边缘116c和外边缘116d之间轴向延伸的外边沿116b，并且第二盘118包括在内边缘118c和外边缘118d之间轴向延伸的外边沿118b。
如图1A、图1B、图1E和图1F所示，第一盘116和第二盘118为彼此相对斜置的，使得外边沿116b,118b彼此分开距离D，该距离从第一位置120处的最小距离Dmin增大至第二位置122处的最大距离Dmax。如下所述，在操作期间，弹性材料诸如弹性膜沿纵向MD被推进到外边沿116b,118b上。由于第一盘和第二盘116,118为斜置的，因此盘116,118的旋转导致边沿116b,118b牵拉弹性材料的边缘区域，并且在弹性材料推进到砧102上之前沿横向CD拉伸弹性材料。因此，盘116,118也可被构造成在操作期间帮助夹持弹性材料的相对边缘区域。例如，具体地参考图1E和图1F，第一盘116和第二盘118可各自包括从边沿116b,118b径向向内延伸的沟槽124。继而，沟槽124可与真空压力源129流体连接。因此，在操作期间，真空气压可用来帮助将弹性材料保持到边沿116b,118b上。盘116,118也可包括支撑构件126，该支撑构件横跨沟槽124延伸以帮助防止弹性材料被真空气压吸入到沟槽124中。如图1E、图1F和图1G所示，盘116,118也可包括从边沿116b,118b径向向外突起的瘤状物128。因此，瘤状物128在拉伸弹性材料时也可用来帮助防止弹性材料的边缘区域沿边沿116b,118b滑动。应当理解，附加瘤状物128可定位在沟槽124的内侧或外侧。此外，瘤状物128也可定位在支撑构件126上。
如上所述，拉伸的弹性材料和基底在砧102上组合起来。组合的基底和弹性材料然后可在砧102上用超声波粘结在一起以形成弹性层合体。如图1A、图1C和图1D所示，设备100可包括邻近砧102的一个或多个超声机构130。应当理解，超声机构130可包括变幅杆132，并且可被构造成向砧102上的组合的基底和弹性材料赋予超声能量。如图1HA和图1HB所示，砧102可包括从砧102的外周向表面104径向向外延伸的多个图案元件134。因此，超声机构可向变幅杆132施加能量以产生变幅杆在频率和振幅上的共振，因此变幅杆132沿大致垂直于在旋转的砧102上被推进经过变幅杆132的基底和弹性材料的方向快速振动。变幅杆132的振动在由砧102上的图案元件134支撑的区域中产生热以将基底和弹性材料熔融并粘结在一起。应当理解，超声机构的多方面可以各种方式构造，诸如例如美国专利3,113,225；3,562,041；3,733,238；6,036,796；6,508,641；和6,645,330中所公开的。在一些构型中，超声机构可被构造为线性振荡型超声焊极，诸如例如，购自Herrmann Ultrasonic，Inc。在一些构型中，超声焊极可包括沿横向CD嵌套在一起的多个超声焊极。
如先前所提及的，上文参考图1A至图1HB所述的设备100可用来装配以各种方式构造的弹性层合体。例如，图2A至图2F示出了用来装配第一弹性层合体200和第二弹性层合体202的设备100的各种示意图。
如图2A和图2B所示，第一基底204和第二基底206沿纵向MD推进到旋转的砧102上。更具体地，第一基底204包括第一表面208和相对的第二表面210，并且第一基底204推进以将第一表面208包裹到旋转的砧102的外周向表面104上。类似地，第二基底206包括第一表面212和相对的第二表面214，并且第二基底206推进以将第一表面212包裹到旋转的砧102的外周向表面104上。如图2B所示，第一基底204和第二基底206沿横向CD彼此分开。还应当理解，第一基底204和第二基底206可通过在推进到砧102上之前或之后沿纵向MD裁切单一基底来形成。
如图2A至图2C所示，在装配过程期间，第一弹性材料216沿横向CD被拉伸并且被定位成与第一基底204的第二表面210接触。具体地参考图2E，第一弹性材料216包括第一边缘区域216a和沿横向CD由中心区域216c与第一边缘区域216a分开的第二边缘区域216b。如图2A所示，在第一位置120处或其下游，第一弹性材料216沿纵向MD推进到第一撒布机机构112上。具体地，第一弹性材料216的第一边缘区域216a推进到第一撒布机机构112的第一盘116的外边沿116b上，并且第二边缘区域216b推进到第二盘118的外边沿118b上。如先前参考图1E所述，第一撒布机机构112的第一盘和第二盘116,118的外边沿116b,118b可包括流体连接到真空压力源129的沟槽124，并且可包括径向突起的瘤状物128。因此，如图2E所示，第一弹性材料216的第一边缘区域216a可用沟槽124中的真空气压和径向突起的瘤状物128保持在外边沿116b上的适当位置。类似地，第一弹性材料216的第二边缘区域216b可用沟槽124中的真空气压和径向突起的瘤状物128保持在外边沿118b上的适当位置。
继续参考图2E，随着第一撒布机机构112的第一盘116和第二盘118的旋转，第一弹性材料216的中心区域216c沿横向CD被拉伸。由于第一边缘区域和第二边缘区域216a,216b保持在外边沿116b,118b上的适当位置，因此第一边缘区域和第二边缘区域216a,216b的一些部分可在第一盘和第二盘116,118旋转时保持未沿横向CD拉伸。现在参考图2A和图2B，第一弹性材料216从第一撒布机机构112推进，并且在第一施加区136处被转移到砧102上的第一基底204的第二表面210上。应当理解，在从第一撒布机机构112向砧102转移期间，在第二位置122处或其上游，第一弹性材料216可从第一撒布机机构112移除。如先前所提及的，砧102的外周向表面104可与真空源105流体连接，并且因此真空气压可施加到砧102上的第一基底204。此外，当第一基底204被构造为多孔基底诸如非织造布时，真空气压也可施加到砧102上的第一弹性材料216，并且因此可帮助保持第一弹性材料216的中心区域216c在砧102上时的拉伸状态。
现在参考图2A和图2C，在装配过程期间，第二弹性材料218沿横向CD被拉伸并且被定位成与第二基底206的第二表面214接触。具体地参考图2F，第二弹性材料218包括第一边缘区域218a和沿横向CD由中心区域218c与第一边缘区域218a分开的第二边缘区域218b。如图2A所示，在第一位置120处或其下游，第二弹性材料218沿纵向MD推进到第二撒布机机构114上。具体地，第二弹性材料218的第一边缘区域218a推进到第二撒布机机构114的第一盘116的外边沿116b上，并且第二边缘区域218b推进到第二盘118的外边沿118b上。如先前参考图1F所述，第二撒布机机构114的第一盘和第二盘116,118的外边沿116b,118b可包括流体连接到真空压力源129的沟槽124，并且可包括径向突起的瘤状物128。因此，如图2F所示，第二弹性材料218的第一边缘区域218a可用沟槽124中的真空气压和径向突起的瘤状物128保持在外边沿116b上的适当位置。类似地，第二弹性材料218的第二边缘区域218b可用沟槽124中的真空气压和径向突起的瘤状物128保持在外边沿118b上的适当位置。继续参考图2F，随着第二撒布机机构114的第一盘116和第二盘118的旋转，第二弹性材料218的中心区域218c沿横向CD被拉伸。由于第一边缘区域和第二边缘区域218a,218b保持在外边沿116b,118b上的适当位置，因此第一边缘区域和第二边缘区域218a,218b的一些部分可在第一盘和第二盘116,118旋转时保持未沿横向CD拉伸。如先前所提及的，瘤状物128和/或沟槽124中的真空气压在操作期间用来帮助将弹性材料216,218保持到边沿116b,118b上。因此，瘤状物128和沟槽124可被构造成帮助减小第一边缘区域和第二边缘区域216a,216b,218a,218b的未拉伸部分沿横向CD的宽度。例如，在一些构型中，第一边缘区域和第二边缘区域216a,216b,218a,218b的未拉伸部分沿横向CD的宽度可为约3mm或更小。
如图2E和图2F所示，第一盘和第二盘116,118的外边沿116b,118b可沿横向CD从弹性材料216,218的外边缘向外延伸。外边沿116b,118b的延伸部分可帮助为弹性材料216,218提供附加支撑，并且可帮助防止在向砧102传输期间发生边缘折叠。在一些构型中，可在边沿116b,118b中切出一系列凹槽以帮助约束弹性材料216,218的边缘区域216a,216b,218a,218b。
现在参考图2A和图2C，第二弹性材料218从第二撒布机机构114推进，并且在第二施加区138处被转移到砧102上的第二基底206的第二表面214上。如先前所提及的，第一撒布机机构112相对于第一旋转轴线106成角度地偏离第二撒布机机构114。因此，第二施加区138定位在第一施加区136的下游。应当理解，在从第二撒布机机构114向砧102转移期间，在第二位置122处或其上游，第二弹性材料218可从第二撒布机机构114移除。如先前所提及的，砧102的外周向表面104可与真空源105流体连接，并且因此真空气压可施加到砧102上的第二基底206。此外，当第二基底206被构造为多孔基底诸如非织造布时，真空气压也可施加到砧102上的第二弹性材料218，并且因此可帮助保持第二弹性材料218的中心区域218c在砧102上时的拉伸状态。
如图2A至图2C所示，第一弹性层合体200可通过在砧102上用超声波将第一基底204和第一弹性材料216与第三基底220粘结在一起来形成，并且第二弹性层合体202可通过在砧102上用超声波将第二基底206和第二弹性材料218与第四基底222粘结在一起来形成。更具体地，第三基底220包括第一表面224和相对的第二表面226，并且第三基底220推进以将第一表面224定位成与第一弹性材料216和第一基底204的第二表面210接触。此外，第四基底222包括第一表面228和相对的第二表面230，并且第四基底222推进以将第一表面228定位成与第二弹性材料218和第二基底206的第二表面214接触。还应当理解，第三基底220和第四基底222可通过在推进到砧102上之前或之后沿纵向MD裁切单一基底来形成。
继续参考图2A至图2C，随着砧102的旋转，第一基底204、第一弹性材料216和第三基底220被推进到砧102的外周向表面104和超声变幅杆132之间。此外，第二基底206、第二弹性材料218和第三基底220被推进到砧102的外周向表面104和超声变幅杆132之间。继而，超声变幅杆132将第一基底204、第一弹性材料216和第三基底220粘结在一起以形成第一弹性层合体200。类似地，超声变幅杆132将第二基底206、第二弹性材料218和第四基底222粘结在一起以形成第一弹性层合体200。如图2A、图2E和图2G所示，第一弹性层合体200和第二弹性层合体202然后可从砧102推进。图2H也示出了处于松弛状态的第一弹性层合体200和第二弹性层合体202，其中第一弹性材料216的中心区域216c沿横向CD收缩，并且其中第二弹性材料218的中心区域218c沿横向CD收缩。
在超声波粘结过程期间，应当理解，由超声变幅杆132赋予到第一弹性层合体和第二弹性层合体200,202中的粘结部可对应于由多个图案元件134限定的图案和/或形状，该多个图案元件从砧102的外周向表面104径向向外延伸。应当理解，第一弹性层合体200可包括以各种方式粘结在一起并且具有不同或相同粘结图案的部件的各种部分。例如，第一弹性材料216的第一边缘区域和第二边缘区域216a,216b的未拉伸部分可与第一基底和/或第三基底204,220粘结在一起。此外，第一弹性材料216的拉伸的中心区域216c可与第一基底和/或第三基底204,220粘结在一起。此外，第一基底204可在第一弹性层合体200的区域中直接粘结到第三基底220。还应当理解，第二弹性层合体202可包括以各种方式粘结在一起并且具有不同或相同粘结图案的部件的各种部分。例如，第二弹性材料218的第一边缘区域和第二边缘区域218a,218b的未拉伸部分可与第二基底和/或第四基底206,222粘结在一起。此外，第二弹性材料218的拉伸的中心区域218c可与第二基底和/或第四基底206,222粘结在一起。此外，第二基底206可在第二弹性层合体202的区域中直接粘结到第四基底222。应当理解，设备100可适于产生各种类型的粘结构型，诸如例如美国专利6,572,595中所公开的。
如先前所提及的，上文参考图1A至图1HB所述的设备100可用来装配以各种方式构造的弹性层合体。例如，图3A至图3F示出了用来装配弹性层合体232的设备100的各种示意图，该弹性层合体随后沿纵向MD被裁切成第一弹性层合体200和第二弹性层合体202。
如图3A和图3B所示，第一基底234沿纵向MD推进到旋转的砧102上。更具体地，第一基底234包括第一表面236和相对的第二表面238，并且第一基底234推进以将第一表面236包裹到旋转的砧102的外周向表面104上。如上文参考图2A和图2E所述，第一弹性材料216沿纵向MD推进到第一撒布机机构112上，并且沿横向CD被拉伸。如图3A至图3C所示，第一弹性材料216从第一撒布机机构112推进，并且在第一施加区136处被转移到砧102上的第一基底234的第二表面238上。如图3B所示，第一基底234可沿横向CD宽于第一弹性材料216。如上文参考图2A和图2F所述，第二弹性材料218沿纵向MD推进到第二撒布机机构114上，并且沿横向CD被拉伸。如图3A和图3C所示，第二弹性材料218从第二撒布机机构114推进，并且在第二施加区138处被转移到砧102上的第一基底234的第二表面238上。第二弹性材料218可沿横向CD与第一弹性材料216轴向分开或间隔开，使得在第一弹性材料216和第二弹性材料218之间存在横向间隙。
如图3A至图3C所示，弹性层合体232可通过用超声波将第一基底234、第一弹性材料216和第二弹性材料218与砧102上的第二基底240粘结在一起来形成。更具体地，第二基底240包括第一表面242和相对的第二表面244，并且第二基底240推进以将第一表面242定位成与第一弹性材料216、第二弹性材料218和第一基底234的第二表面238接触。随着砧102的旋转，第一基底234、第一弹性材料216、第二弹性材料218和第二基底240被推进到砧102的外周向表面104和超声变幅杆132之间。继而，超声变幅杆132将第一基底234、第一弹性材料216和第二基底240粘结在一起，并且也将第一基底234、第二弹性材料218和第二基底240粘结在一起以形成弹性层合体232，诸如图3E所示。
如图3A和图3D所示，弹性层合体232然后可从砧102推进到切割器140。继而，切割器140将弹性层合体232分离成第一弹性层合体200和第二弹性层合体202。应当理解，切割器140可以各种方式构造。例如，在一些实施方案中，切割器140可为裁切器或冲切器，其以沿纵向MD延伸的直线切口和/或曲线切口将弹性层合体232分离成第一弹性层合体200和第二弹性层合体。切割器140也可被构造为穿孔器，该穿孔器在弹性层合体232中穿孔出弱线，并且其中弹性层合体232在随后的步骤中沿弱线分离。还应当理解，切割器140可被构造成在弹性层合体232定位在砧上时将弹性层合体232切割成第一弹性层合体和第二弹性层合体200,202。
在一些构型中，切割器140可诸如图3E所示沿以下线切割弹性层合体232，该线沿纵向MD延伸穿过弹性层合体232的中心区域或位置232c。因此，弹性层合体232可被分离成第一弹性层合体200和第二弹性层合体202，诸如图3F所示。在裁切了弹性层合体232之后，可允许第一弹性层合体200和第二弹性层合体202沿横向CD松弛或收缩，其中第一弹性材料216的中心区域216c沿横向CD收缩，并且其中第二弹性材料218的中心区域218c沿横向CD收缩，诸如图3G所示。在一些构型中，诸如图3H所示，可允许弹性层合体232在被切割器140分离成第一弹性层合体200和第二弹性层合体202之前沿横向CD松弛或收缩，诸如图3G所示。
如图3E和图3H所示，弹性层合体232的中心区域或位置232c可由第一弹性材料216和第二弹性材料218之间的区域限定，第一基底234和第二基底240在该区域中彼此直接粘结。因此，用切割器140沿中心区域232c裁切弹性层合体232可没有必要在产生第一弹性层合体和第二弹性层合体200,202时也切穿第一弹性材料216和/或第二弹性材料218。因此，第一弹性层合体和第二弹性层合体200,202的裁切的边缘可不具有暴露的弹性材料216,218，并且因此可相对更美观。
应当理解，本文的设备100的多方面可被构造成从各种类型的材料和/或部件来装配弹性层合体。例如，应当理解，上文参考图2A至图2HB所述的第一基底204、第二基底206、第三基底220和/或第四基底222可被构造为相同或不同类型的材料。类似地，应当理解，上文参考图3A至图3H所述的第一基底234和第二基底240可被构造为相同或不同类型的材料。例如，基底204,206,220,222,234,240可被构造为单层非织造布或多层非织造布。在一些其中弹性层合体200,202可用来制造尿布部件的示例中，基底204,206,234可限定呈尿布部件形式的弹性层合体200,202的面向衣服表面，而基底220,222,240可限定呈尿布部件形式的弹性层合体200,202的面向身体表面。因此，出于美观目的，诸如柔软感和外观，基底204,206,234可被构造为相对高成本的高级材料。相比之下，基底220,222,240可被构造为成本最优化的非织造布，其作为对穿着者的皮肤来讲柔软的高级非织造布、或用于改善贴合性的高摩擦系数的非织造布来销售。在一些示例中，基底可被构造为旨在限定面向穿着者表面的相对低基重的非织造布，其可帮助降低弹性层合体中的褶皱在身体的皮肤上产生压力印记的可能性。相对低基重的非织造布也可具有相对低的抗弯刚度，并且因此贴靠穿着者皮肤的任何褶皱将在相对较低的力下塌缩。
如先前所提及的，第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料216,218可以各种方式构造并且可由各种材料构成。例如，弹性材料可通过本领域中的任何合适的方法来形成，例如，通过将熔融热塑性聚合物和/或弹性体聚合物或聚合物共混物挤出通过狭槽模具，并且随后冷却挤出的片材。用于制备膜形式的其它非限制性示例包括由含水浇铸分散体、非水浇铸分散体浇铸、吹制、溶液浇铸、压延和成形。可将本发明的弹性体组合物制备成具有约5g/m2至约150g/m2的基重的膜。弹性材料也可为由弹性体材料制成的开孔膜以提供透气性。在一些构型中，第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料包括合成纤维的非织造纤维网。纤维网可由来自弹性体的纤维制成，或者可为弹性体纤维与塑性纤维的混合物。第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料也可被构造为层合体，该层合体包括与外层和内层连接的弹性材料和/或插置在外层和内层之间的弹性材料。弹性材料可包括一个或多个弹性元件，诸如股线、带状物或片。用于制备弹性材料的合适的弹性体组合物包含热塑性弹性体，该热塑性弹性体选自苯乙烯嵌段共聚物、聚酯、聚氨酯、聚醚酰胺、聚烯烃弹性体、以及它们的组合。
应当理解，本文的设备100的多方面可以各种方式构造，并且可用来从各种类型的材料和/或部件装配弹性层合体200,202。例如，应当理解，在一些构型中，弹性层合体装配操作可独立于最终装配过程进行，诸如例如，脱机装配弹性层合体，其中弹性层合体可被储存起来，直到需要用于生产。例如，弹性层合体装配操作可独立于转换加工生产线而在离散的装配生产线上完成，该转换加工生产线可专用于制造一次性吸收制品。在离散的生产线上进行了装配之后，弹性层合体可被递送至吸收制品转换加工生产线，诸如以连续弹性层合体卷材的形式递送。应当理解，此类连续弹性层合体卷材可为行星式卷绕的或横贯地卷绕的。还应当理解，弹性层合体装配过程可在制品装配过程期间联机进行。
如上所述，第一撒布机机构112和第二撒布机机构114相对于砧102的旋转轴线106彼此轴向且成角度地偏离。由于第一撒布机机构112相对于第一旋转轴线106成角度地偏离第二撒布机机构114，因此第一撒布机机构112的第二盘118和第二撒布机机构114的第一盘116之间的沿横向CD的距离可被最小化，而在撒布机机构112,114之间不产生物理干扰。继而，砧102上的第一弹性材料216和第二弹性材料218的内侧边缘之间的沿横向CD的距离可被最小化。
还应当理解，撒布机机构112,114的多方面可被构造成独立地受到控制。例如，撒布机机构112,114相对于彼此和/或砧102的横向CD位置可为可调节的。此外，撒布机机构112,114中的每一者的盘116,118的横向CD位置可为相对于彼此可调节的。此外，撒布机机构112,114中的每一者的盘116,118的斜置角度可为可调节的。第一盘116的斜置角度可被定义为第一盘116的旋转轴线116a和砧102的旋转轴线106之间的角偏移，并且第二盘118的斜置角度可被定义为第二盘118的旋转轴线118a和砧102的旋转轴线106之间的角偏移。在一些构型中，砧102的外周向表面104和第一撒布机机构和/或第二撒布机机构112,114的第一盘和第二盘116,118的外边沿116b,118b之间的径向间隙可为可调节的，其中盘116,118的位置可被构造成可独立地或共同地调节的。在一些构型中，砧102的外周向表面104和外边沿116b,118b之间的径向间隙可为零或大于零。
应当理解，可使用各种驱动器来控制第一撒布机机构112和/或第二撒布机机构114的盘116,118的旋转。例如，第一撒布机机构112和/或第二撒布机机构114的盘116,118可由一个或多个马达诸如伺服马达来驱动。在一些构型中，马达可与盘116,118直接连接，并且在一些构型中，马达可与盘116,118间接地连接，诸如通过带、滑轮和/或齿轮来连接。盘116,118可通过使用在盘之间具有耦接件的共同传动轴而被成对地驱动。在一些构型中，共同的中间轴可用来与单一马达一起驱动盘116,118两者。在一些构型中，砧102和撒布机机构112,114的驱动器可操作性地连接，并且可被构造成具有单一马达。在一些构型中，第一撒布机机构112和/或第二撒布机机构114的盘116,118可仅由第一弹性材料216和第二弹性材料218的推进来驱动。在一些构型中，第一撒布机机构112和/或第二撒布机机构114的盘116,118可由砧102或进料惰轮的旋转来驱动。其它驱动器可包括通过中间轴与操作性地接触盘116,118的摩擦材料进行的表面驱动。
如上所述，第一撒布机机构112和/或第二撒布机机构114的盘116,118可包括各种数量的从边沿116b,118b径向向外突起的瘤状物128，其中瘤状物128可帮助防止弹性材料的边缘区域在拉伸弹性材料216,218时沿边沿116b,118b滑动。应当理解，瘤状物128可被构造成各种形状和尺寸、间距，并且可由各种类型的材料构成。在一些构型中，瘤状物128可被构造成具有约0.85mm的径向高度和约0.70mm的横向宽度。此外，瘤状物128可被布置成彼此间隔开约4mm。在一些构型中，瘤状物128可由相对柔软的材料诸如聚氨酯制成。因此，由相对柔软的材料制成的瘤状物128可帮助减少其中瘤状物128刺穿弹性材料216,218的事件。此外，由相对柔软的材料制成的瘤状物128可在瘤状物128和砧102上的图案元件134之间发生非预期接触的情况下磨损自身，同时保护图案元件134不被损坏。在一些构型中，瘤状物128可由相对硬的材料诸如钢制成，并且横跨沟槽124延伸的支撑构件126可由相对柔软的材料制成。
如上所述，第一撒布机机构112和/或第二撒布机机构114的盘116,118可包括从边沿116b,118b径向向内延伸的沟槽124，其中沟槽124可与真空压力源129流体连接。应当理解，沟槽和真空压力源可以各种方式构造以帮助将弹性材料216,218保持在盘116,118上的适当位置和/或帮助将弹性材料216,218转移到砧102。例如，在一些构型中，沟槽124可为由换向器元件分隔成片段的单一狭槽，该换向器元件限定多个连贯的真空室。每个片段然后可随着盘116,118的旋转受到控制以用于定时地接通和断开真空。也可选择每个片段或多个片段以用于以盘116,118的旋转角度产生吹脱功能以帮助将弹性材料216,218从盘116,118转移到砧102。吹脱也可用来清洁端口或防止弹性材料216,218包裹在盘116,118上。此类吹脱可被构造为通过向大气打开端口来使真空室通气。在一些构型中，此类吹脱可被构造为正气压，诸如出自压缩空气管线的正气压。在一些构型中，盘116,118可与一个或多个真空软管连接。例如，真空软管中的一个可邻近第一施加区和/或第二施加区136,138设置，它们可帮助确保足够的静态压力以操作性地用盘116,118来夹持弹性材料216,218，甚至当基本量的沟槽124暴露于大气压时也是如此。可使用限流装置诸如文丘里管元件来限制真空歧管中空气的最大体积流量。此类流量限制可用来确保能够利用足够的静态压力来操作性地将弹性材料216,218与盘接合。限流装置可被构造为小直径的端口或管，诸如真空充气室和沟槽124中间的3mm直径的管，其操作性地接合弹性材料216,218。此类收缩可为沿MD的小长度收缩，并且可具有斜面化边缘或弯曲边缘，它们中的两者均可用来最小化压降。真空***中的压力可在约2kPa至约20kPa的范围内。在一些构型中，真空***可在约12kPa至约16kPa或更高的范围内操作。沟槽124沿横向CD的宽度可为约0.7mm至约2.0mm，并且可为约1.4mm至约1.7mm宽。在一些构型中，瘤状物128和沟槽124沿横向CD的组合宽度可为约1mm至约7mm，并且可为约1.5mm至约2mm。
如先前所提及的，砧102并且更具体地外周向表面104可与真空源105流体连接，其中在操作期间，真空气压可用来帮助将基底和弹性材料保持到外周向表面104上。因此，在一些构型中，外周向表面104可包括成图案的真空孔。此类图案可允许很多种膜宽度和单一砧的横向放置形式。砧102也可包括多个内部管以限定外周向表面104上的一个或多个真空区域。在一些构型中，每个管可具有邻近弹性材料216,218的内侧边缘的第一真空区域和邻近弹性材料216,218的外侧边缘的第二真空区域。在一些构型中，真空区域可为可从外部调节的。
如上所述，本公开的设备和方法可用来装配用于制造吸收制品的各种形式的弹性层合体。此类弹性层合体可用于诸如例如以下吸收制品部件：底片、顶片、吸收芯、前耳片和/或后耳片、紧固件部件、和各种类型的弹性纤维网和部件诸如腿弹性部件、阻隔腿箍弹性部件和腰弹性部件。为了具体地说明，图4A和图4B示出了呈尿布252形式的一次性吸收制品250的一个示例，该尿布可由在制造期间根据本文所公开的设备和方法操纵的此类弹性层合体构成。具体地，图4A为呈胶粘尿布形式的吸收制品在部分切除之后的平面图，该胶粘尿布可包括在制造期间根据本文所公开的设备和方法装配的一个或多个弹性层合体，其中背离穿着者的尿布的部分朝观察者取向。图4B为图4A的吸收制品的平面图，该吸收制品可包括在制造期间根据本文所公开的设备和方法装配的一个或多个弹性层合体，其中面朝穿着者的尿布的部分朝观察者取向。
如图4A至图4B所示，尿布252包括基础结构254，该基础结构具有第一耳片256、第二耳片258、第三耳片260和第四耳片262。为了给本讨论提供参照系，将基础结构示为具有纵向轴线264和侧向轴线266。基础结构254被示为具有第一腰区268、第二腰区270、以及设置在第一腰区和第二腰区中间的裆区272。尿布的周边由一对纵向延伸的侧边274,276；邻近第一腰区268的侧向延伸的第一外边缘278；和邻近第二腰区270的侧向延伸的第二外边缘280限定。如图4A至图4B所示，基础结构254包括内部面向身体表面282和外部面向衣服表面284。基础结构的一部分在图4A中被切除以更清楚地示出尿布的构造和尿布中可包括的各种结构。如图4A至图4B所示，尿布252的基础结构254可包括限定内部面向身体表面282的顶片288和限定外部面向衣服表面284的底片290。吸收芯292可设置在顶片288的一部分和底片290之间。如下文所更详述，各区中的任何一个或多个可为可拉伸的，并且可包括如本文所述的弹性体材料或层合体。因此，尿布252可被构造成在穿用时适形于具体穿着者的身体结构，并且在穿着期间保持与穿着者的身体结构的配合。
吸收制品250也可包括图4B所示的呈腰带形式的弹性腰部结构202，并且可提供改善的贴合性和对废物的约束性。弹性腰部结构202可被构造成弹性地伸展和收缩以动态地贴合穿着者的腰部。弹性腰部结构202可结合到尿布中，并且可至少从吸收芯292纵向向外延伸，并且一般形成尿布252的第一外边缘和/或第二外边缘278,280的至少一部分。此外，弹性腰部结构可侧向延伸以包括耳片。尽管弹性腰部结构202或其任何组成元件可包括附连到尿布的一个或多个独立元件，但弹性腰部结构可被构造为尿布的其它元件诸如底片290、顶片288、或底片和顶片两者的延伸部。此外，弹性腰部结构202可被设置在基础结构254的外部面向衣服表面284；内部面向身体表面282上；或面向内的表面和面向外的表面之间。弹性腰部结构202可被构造成许多不同的构型，包括描述于美国专利公布US2007/0142806A1；US2007/0142798A1；和US2007/0287983A1中的那些，所有这些专利均以引用方式并入本文。
如图4A至图4B所示，尿布252可包括可改善对液体和其它身体流出物的约束性的腿箍296。具体地，弹性衬圈腿箍可提供围绕穿着者大腿的密封效果以防止渗漏。应当理解，当尿布被穿着时，腿箍可被放置成与穿着者的大腿接触，并且该接触的程度和接触压力可部分地由尿布在穿着者的身体上的取向来确定。腿箍296可以各种方式设置在尿布上。
尿布252可以裤型尿布的形式提供，或作为另外一种选择可设置有可重新闭合的紧固***，该***可包括各种位置中的紧固件元件以帮助将尿布固定在穿着者身上的适当位置。例如，紧固件元件298可位于耳片上，并且可适于可释放地与位于第一腰区或第二腰区中的一个或多个对应的紧固元件连接。例如，如图4A所示，尿布252可包括第一腰区268中的连接区282，有时候称作着陆区。应当理解，各种类型的紧固元件均可用于尿布。
本专利申请要求以下专利申请的权益：2016年8月12日提交的美国临时专利申请62/374,010；2016年10月10日提交的62/406,025；以及2016年11月9日提交的62/419,515，这些专利申请全文均以引用方式并入本文。
本文所公开的量纲和值不应理解为严格限于所引用的精确数值。相反，除非另外指明，否则每个此类量纲旨在表示所述值以及围绕该值的功能上等同的范围。例如，公开为“40mm”的量纲旨在表示“约40mm”。
除非明确排除或以其它方式限制，本文中引用的每一篇文献，包括任何交叉引用或相关专利或专利申请以及本申请对其要求优先权或其有益效果的任何专利申请或专利，均据此全文以引用方式并入本文。对任何文献的引用不是对其作为与本发明的任何所公开或本文受权利要求书保护的现有技术的认可，或不是对其自身或与任何一个或多个参考文献的组合提出、建议或公开任何此类发明的认可。此外，当本发明中术语的任何含义或定义与以引用方式并入的文献中相同术语的任何含义或定义矛盾时，应当服从在本发明中赋予该术语的含义或定义。
虽然已举例说明和描述了本发明的具体实施方案，但是对于本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是，在不脱离本发明的实质和范围的情况下可作出多个其它变化和修改。因此，本文旨在于所附权利要求中涵盖属于本发明范围内的所有此类变化和修改。

Claims (12)

1.一种用于装配弹性层合体的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
提供第一基底(234)和第二基底(240)，所述第一基底(234)和所述第二基底(240)各自包括第一表面(236,242)和相对的第二表面(238,244)，并且限定沿横向的宽度；
将所述第一基底(234)的所述第一表面(236)包裹到砧(102)的外周向表面(104)上；
提供第一弹性材料(216)和第二弹性材料(218)，所述第一弹性材料(216)和所述第二弹性材料(218)各自包括第一边缘区域(216a,218a)和沿所述横向由中心区域(216c,218c)与所述第一边缘区域分开的第二边缘区域(216b,218b)；
第一撒布机机构( 112) 和第二撒布机机构( 114) 相对于砧( 102) 的旋转轴线(106) 彼此轴向且成角度地偏离；
第一撒布机机构( 112) 沿横向拉伸所述第一弹性材料(216)的所述中心区域(216c)；
第二撒布机机构( 114) 沿横向拉伸所述第二弹性材料(218)的所述中心区域(218c)；在第一施加区(136)处将所述第一弹性材料(216)推进到所述砧(102)上，其中所述第一弹性材料(216)的拉伸的中心区域(216c)被定位成与所述第一基底(234)的所述第二表面(238)接触；
在所述第一施加区(136)的下游的第二施加区(138)处将所述第二弹性材料(218)推进到所述砧(102)上，其中所述第二弹性材料(218)的拉伸的中心区域(218c)被定位成与所述第一基底(234)的所述第二表面(238)接触，并且其中所述第二弹性材料(218)沿横向与所述第一弹性材料(216)分开；
沿纵向推进所述第二基底(240)以将所述第二基底(240)的所述第一表面(242)定位成与所述砧(102)上的所述第一弹性材料和所述第二弹性材料(216,218)的所述拉伸的中心区域(216c,218c)以及所述第一基底(234)的所述第二表面(238)接触；
通过以下方式形成弹性层合体(232)：用超声波将所述第一弹性材料和所述第二弹性材料(216,218)的所述拉伸的中心区域(216c,218c)与所述第一基底(234)和所述第二基底(240)粘结在一起；以及
沿所述纵向将所述弹性层合体(232)切割成第一弹性层合体(200)和第二弹性层合体(202)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中形成所述弹性层合体(232)的步骤还包括在所述第一弹性材料(216)和所述第二弹性材料(218)之间的中心位置(232c)中用超声波将所述第一基底(234)和所述第二基底(240)直接粘结在一起。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中切割所述弹性层合体(232)的步骤还包括在所述中心位置(232c)中切割所述弹性层合体。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，所述方法还包括以下步骤：在切割所述弹性层合体(232)之前，允许所述弹性层合体(232)中的所述第一弹性材料和所述第二弹性材料(216,218)的所述拉伸的中心区域(216c,218c)沿所述横向收缩。
5.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法，所述方法还包括以下步骤：沿旋转方向旋转所述砧(102)以推进所述第一基底(234)、所述第二基底(240)、所述第一弹性材料(216)和所述第二弹性材料(218)经过超声变幅杆(132)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中所述第一施加区(136)沿所述旋转方向处在所述第二施加区(138)的下游。
7.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中所述第一基底(234)、所述第二基底(240)、所述第一弹性材料(216)和所述第二弹性材料(218)在所述砧(102)的所述外周向表面(104)和所述超声变幅杆(132)之间被推进。
8.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法，所述方法还包括以下步骤：用超声波将所述第一弹性材料(216)的所述第二边缘区域(216b)与所述第一基底(234)和所述第二基底(240)粘结在一起。
9.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法，其中沿所述横向拉伸所述第一弹性材料(216)的所述中心区域(216c)的步骤还包括将所述第一弹性材料(216)推进到第一斜置盘(116)和第二斜置盘(118)上。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，所述方法还包括以下步骤：从所述第一斜置盘(116)向所述第一弹性材料(216)的所述第一边缘区域(216a)上施加真空压力，以及从所述第二斜置盘(118)向所述第一弹性材料(216)的所述第二边缘区域(216b)施加真空压力。
11.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法，其中所述第一基底(234)包括第一非织造布，并且所述第二基底(240)包括第二非织造布。
12.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述第一弹性材料(216)包括第一弹性膜，并且所述第二弹性材料(218)包括第二弹性膜。
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