CN109443692B - Karst underground river water circulation conversion analogue means - Google Patents
Karst underground river water circulation conversion analogue means Download PDFInfo
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- CN109443692B CN109443692B CN201811360147.6A CN201811360147A CN109443692B CN 109443692 B CN109443692 B CN 109443692B CN 201811360147 A CN201811360147 A CN 201811360147A CN 109443692 B CN109443692 B CN 109443692B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005442 atmospheric precipitation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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Abstract
The invention provides a karst underground river water circulation conversion simulation device, which comprises a precipitation supply system, physical water tanks, a pipeline system, an underground river outlet control system and a water level monitoring system, wherein at least two physical water tanks are arranged, and each physical water tank is provided with the precipitation supply system; the physical water tank is connected through a pipeline system, and the underground river outlet control system is connected with a main pipeline of the pipeline system; the water level monitoring system comprises a water tank pressure sensor arranged in the physical water tank and a pipeline pressure sensor arranged in the pipeline system. The invention provides a karst underground river water circulation conversion simulation device which can simulate underground river system water circulation conversion and pipeline water and crack water flow exchange, can monitor underground water level and flow dynamic change in the conversion and exchange process, and is convenient for researching the karst underground river.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogeology research tools, in particular to a karst underground river water circulation conversion simulation device.
Background
The karst distribution in southwest area of China is very wide, and the karst area in southwest area accounts for more than one third of the area of the plains in southwest area, and is mainly distributed in eight provinces (district, city) of Guizhou, guangxi, yunnan, hunan, guangdong, hubei, sichuan and Chongqing. Carbonate rock stratum in karst landform has strong corrosion effect, and atmospheric precipitation and surface water quickly leak into the ground through corrosion pore channels, so that the hydrologic characteristics of the ground water system, namely the ground water system, are formed.
The underground river has important water supply significance, but because the underground river is buried underground, the development and distribution rule is complex, and the underground river has the following characteristics: 1. the medium consists of holes, gaps, seams, pipes and holes, and has multiple properties; 2. the distribution is controlled by geological, geomorphic and hydrologic factors, and has non-uniformity; 3. the water flow motion is composed of a fast flow and a slow flow, and has multiple phases.
These characteristics influence the effective exploitation and utilization of underground river water resources, and the simulation of karst underground river water circulation conversion mechanism has become an important direction of scientific research of scientists in the face of complex hydrogeological conditions of an underground river system and the situation that water resources are difficult to effectively utilize. The physical simulation is an important way and a necessary way for revealing the karst underground river water circulation conversion mechanism, and has important significance for water resource development and utilization in karst areas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a karst underground river water circulation conversion simulation device which can simulate underground river system water circulation conversion and pipeline water and crack water flow exchange, can monitor underground water level and flow dynamic change in the conversion and exchange process, and is convenient for researching the karst underground river.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effect, the invention solves the problems through the following technical scheme:
the karst underground river water circulation conversion simulation device comprises a precipitation supply system, physical water tanks, a pipeline system, an underground river outlet control system and a water level monitoring system, wherein at least two physical water tanks are arranged, and each physical water tank is provided with the precipitation supply system; the physical water tanks are connected through a pipeline system, the pipeline system comprises a main pipeline led out from the physical water tanks, a plurality of branch pipelines and a plurality of resistance elements arranged in the pipelines, and the branch pipelines are converged into the main pipeline; the underground river outlet control system is positioned below the main pipeline and comprises a water outlet pipeline connected with the main pipeline, a valve I and an electromagnetic flowmeter I, wherein the valve I and the electromagnetic flowmeter I are arranged on the water outlet pipeline; the water level monitoring system comprises a water tank pressure sensor arranged in the physical water tank and a pipeline pressure sensor arranged in the pipeline system.
In the scheme, the rainfall replenishing system controls the water quantity entering the physical water tank, and further controls the rainfall replenishing intensity of the underground river system. After rainfall enters a physical water tank, the rainfall and original water flow in the water tank form crevice water together, and the crevice water exchanges water with the water body in the pipeline system through a main pipeline and a plurality of branch pipelines; the water flows downstream along the pipeline and is finally discharged through the underground river outlet control system. In the whole simulation experiment process, variables in the simulation device can be controlled through a control valve and a resistance element, and the conditions of water level change, rainfall change and underground river outlet flow change of crevice water and pipeline water are monitored on line through a sensor and an electromagnetic flowmeter, so that the movement law of karst underground river water circulation conversion can be better studied.
For better realization underground river system rainfall replenishment intensity's control, rainfall replenishment system includes the rainfall tank, and the make-up water pipe that connects from the rainfall tank bottom to and valve II and electromagnetic flowmeter II that set up on the make-up water pipe pipeline, make-up water pipe water outlet access physical water tank's upper portion.
Furthermore, the water supplementing pipe and the water outlet pipe are pipes made of PVC materials.
Further, the two physical tanks comprise an upstream tank and a downstream tank, and the volume of the upstream tank is larger than that of the downstream tank.
In order to visually observe the flowing condition of the water body in the simulation device, the physical water tank, the main pipeline and the branch pipeline are made of organic glass. To facilitate changing experimental conditions within the tubing, the resistance element is a working length adjustable glass plug.
As a further improvement of the invention, the pipeline pressure sensor and the resistance element are arranged in the main pipeline and the branch pipelines in a matching way, and at least one pipeline pressure sensor and one resistance element are arranged in the main pipeline and each branch pipeline.
Furthermore, a sleeve pipeline pressure sensor and a resistance element are respectively arranged at the positions of the ports near the two sides of the main pipeline, so that the motion state of the water body at the two ends of the main pipeline can be observed better.
In order to realize the control of a rainfall replenishment system, a pipeline system, an underground river outlet control system and a water level monitoring system, the simulation data are monitored and collected. The sensor, the electromagnetic flowmeter and the valve in the simulation device are electrically connected with the controller, and the controller can display data or transmit the data to other control ends.
The invention has the advantages and effects that:
1. and the whole course of simulation is visualized, so that the motion state of the water body can be conveniently understood and observed. Compared with the traditional simulation equipment, the simulation process is visualized and transparent in the whole process, so that the water circulation conversion process between precipitation, crevice water and pipeline water in the karst underground river can be comprehensively and clearly explained for scientific researchers, and a clear answer is provided for explaining the karst underground river water circulation conversion mechanism.
2. The analog value is accurate, and the value record is easy to collect. The device monitors the simulation process on line through elements such as a sensor, a flowmeter and the like, and compared with the traditional manual measurement and recording mode, the on-line automatic monitoring mode can acquire rainfall, water level, flow and other data more accurately, and can analyze the response relation between different karst aqueous medium water levels and outlet flow and rainfall better.
3. The simulation conditions are adjustable, and experimental data are more convincing. The device can change and control the experimental conditions such as water supplementing quantity, pipeline resistance and the like, can compare experimental analysis and research under specific conditions according to the actual demands of scientific researchers and aiming at complex hydrogeological conditions of an underground river system, and has flexible simulation applicability. The resistance element is arranged in the pipeline, so that the turbulent flow state of water flow in the pipeline can be simulated more realistically, and the movement rule of the water flow in the pipeline can be reflected more realistically.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a karst groundwater river water circulation conversion simulation device;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the flow rate at the outlet of a subterranean river versus the rainfall response.
Drawing number identification: 1. precipitation replenishment system, 11, rainfall tank, 12, make-up water pipe, 13, valve II,14, electromagnetic flowmeter II,2, physical tank, 21, upstream tank, 22, downstream tank, 3, piping system, 31, main pipe, 32, branch pipe, 33, resistance element, 4 underground river outlet control system, 41, outlet pipe, 42, valve I,43, electromagnetic flowmeter I,5, water level monitoring system, 51, tank pressure sensor, 52, pipeline pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
The karst underground river water circulation conversion simulation device according to the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and the main body of the karst underground river water circulation conversion simulation device comprises a precipitation supplementing system 1, a physical water tank 2, a pipeline system 3, an underground river outlet control system 4 and a water level monitoring system 5. Two physical tanks 2 are arranged in the device, and an upstream tank 21 and a downstream tank 22 are adopted to construct a water circulation model of the underground river, which is representative. The size specification of the upstream water tank 21 is 0.8mx0.8mx1 m, the size specification of the downstream water tank 22 is 0.6mx0.6mx1 m, and the physical water tank 2 is made of organic glass, so that the movement state of the water body can be conveniently observed.
As shown in fig. 1, each physical water tank 2 is provided with a precipitation replenishment system 1, and the precipitation replenishment system 1 is provided on the upper part of the physical water tank 2, and is composed of a precipitation water tank 11, a make-up water pipe 12, a valve II13, and an electromagnetic flowmeter II 14. The water replenishing pipe 12 is connected from the bottom of the rainfall water tank 11, a valve II13 and an electromagnetic flowmeter II14 are sequentially arranged on the water replenishing pipe 12, and the water outlet end of the water replenishing pipe 12 is connected to the upper part of the physical water tank 2. The rainfall replenishing intensity of the underground river system can be controlled through the valve II13 and the electromagnetic flowmeter II 14.
The upstream water tank 21 and the downstream water tank 22 are connected through the pipeline system 3, the pipeline system 3 comprises a main pipeline 31 led out from two physical water tanks 2 and a plurality of branch pipelines 32, the number of the branch pipelines 32 led out from the two water tanks and the height difference between the branch pipelines 32 can be different, and the complex hydrologic characteristics of the underground river can be better simulated. The branch pipe 32 merges into the main pipe 31 to form a passage for upstream water and downstream water. The main pipe 31 is provided with a resistance element 33 near each end, and each branch pipe 32 is provided with a resistance element 33, wherein the resistance elements 33 adopt glass plugs with adjustable working lengths.
The underground river outlet control system 4 is arranged below the main pipeline 31, and comprises a water outlet pipeline 41 connected with the main pipeline 31, a valve I42 arranged on the water outlet pipeline 41 and an electromagnetic flowmeter I43. The water flow in the water outlet pipeline 41 can be controlled through the valve I42 and the electromagnetic flowmeter I43. The make-up water pipe 12 and the water outlet pipe 41 are pipes made of PVC materials.
The water level monitoring system 5 includes a tank pressure sensor 51 provided in the physical tank 2 and a pipe pressure sensor 52 provided in the pipe system 3. The pipeline pressure sensor 52 and the resistance element 33 are matched, so that the influence of resistance on the water body in the pipeline can be accurately measured. The tank pressure sensor 51 in the physical tank 2 can accurately measure the water volume and level of the water body in the tank.
The sensor, the electromagnetic flowmeter, the valve and the controller in the simulation device are electrically connected, the controller transmits data to the computer, and the collected data is processed to draw and form response process lines of underground river outlet flow, pipeline water level, crack water level and rainfall, so that the simulation device has important research significance for karst underground river water circulation conversion research.
The working principle and the operation steps of the invention are as follows:
1. the water flow of the water supplementing pipe 12 is controlled by the valve II13 and the electromagnetic flowmeter II14, water is continuously injected into the upstream water tank 21 and the downstream water tank 22, and the flow of the outlet of the water outlet pipeline 41 is controlled by the valve I42 on the water outlet pipeline 41, so that the main pipeline 31 is filled with water.
2. And closing the valve II13 on the make-up water pipe 12, and simultaneously controlling the valve I42 on the water outlet pipeline 41 to slowly reduce the water level in the physical water tank 2 and the outlet flow of the water outlet pipeline 41 for 460s.
3. The valve II13 of the rainfall replenishment system 1 above the upstream water tank 21 is opened for the first time, the rainfall water tank 11 is controlled to be replenished uniformly (the flow rate is 400mL/s for 10 s), and the valve I42 on the water outlet pipeline 41 is regulated.
4. Valve II13 of the precipitation replenishment system 1 above the upstream tank 21 was closed for 420s.
5. The valve II13 of the rainfall replenishment system 1 above the upstream water tank 21 is opened for the second time, and the rainfall water tank 11 is controlled to be replenished uniformly (the flow rate is 200mL/s for 10 s).
6. Valve II13 of the precipitation replenishment system 1 above the upstream tank 21 is closed again. When the outlet flow of the water outlet pipeline 41 is restored to the value before rainfall replenishment, the experiment is ended.
After the data of the electromagnetic flowmeter I43 of the underground river outlet control system 4 and the data of the electromagnetic flowmeter II14 of the rainfall replenishment system 1 are arranged, the flow rate and rainfall response process line of the underground river outlet can be drawn, as shown in figure 2.
The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. Many changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations are possible to those embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a karst underground river water circulation conversion analogue means which characterized in that: the system comprises a precipitation supply system (1), a physical water tank (2), a pipeline system (3), an underground river outlet control system (4) and a water level monitoring system (5), wherein the physical water tank (2) comprises an upstream water tank (21) and a downstream water tank (22), and the upstream water tank (21) and the downstream water tank (22) are connected through the pipeline system (3); after rainfall enters the physical water tank (2), the rainfall and the original water flow in the physical water tank (2) form crevice water together;
each physical water tank (2) is provided with a precipitation replenishment system (1), the precipitation replenishment system (1) comprises a rainfall water tank (11), a replenishment water pipe (12) connected from the bottom of the rainfall water tank (11), a valve II (13) and an electromagnetic flowmeter II (14) which are arranged on the pipeline of the replenishment water pipe (12), and the water outlet end of the replenishment water pipe (12) is connected to the upper part of the physical water tank (2);
the pipe system (3) comprises a main pipe (31) leading out from the physical water tank (2) and a plurality of branch pipes (32), and a plurality of resistance elements (33) arranged in the pipes, the branch pipes (32) merging into the main pipe (31);
the underground river outlet control system (4) is positioned below the main pipeline (31) and comprises a water outlet pipeline (41) connected with the main pipeline (31), a valve I (42) and an electromagnetic flowmeter I (43) which are arranged on the water outlet pipeline (41);
the water level monitoring system (5) comprises a water tank pressure sensor (51) arranged in the physical water tank (2) and a pipeline pressure sensor (52) arranged in the pipeline system (3);
the physical water tank (2), the main pipeline (31) and the branch pipeline (32) are made of organic glass, and the resistance element (33) is a glass plug with adjustable working length.
2. The karst groundwater river water circulation conversion simulation device according to claim 1, wherein: the water supplementing pipe (12) and the water outlet pipe (41) are pipes made of PVC materials.
3. The karst groundwater river water circulation conversion simulation device according to claim 1, wherein: the volume of the upstream water tank (21) is larger than that of the downstream water tank (22), and the upstream water tank (21) and the downstream water tank (22) are respectively one.
4. The karst groundwater river water circulation conversion simulation device according to claim 1, wherein: the pipeline pressure sensor (52) and the resistance element (33) are arranged in the main pipeline (31) and the branch pipelines (32) in a matched mode, and at least one pipeline pressure sensor (52) and one resistance element (33) are arranged in the main pipeline (31) and each branch pipeline (32).
5. The karst groundwater river water circulation conversion simulation device according to claim 4, wherein: and a sleeve pipeline pressure sensor (52) and a resistance element (33) are respectively arranged at the positions of the ports near the two sides of the main pipeline (31).
6. The karst groundwater river water circulation conversion simulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the sensor, the electromagnetic flowmeter and the valve in the simulation device are electrically connected with the controller, and the controller can display data or transmit the data to other control ends.
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| CN201811360147.6A CN109443692B (en) | 2018-11-15 | 2018-11-15 | Karst underground river water circulation conversion analogue means |
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