CN109438004A - A kind of method of straw-returning getting fat in greenhouse - Google Patents
A kind of method of straw-returning getting fat in greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN109438004A CN109438004A CN201811310683.5A CN201811310683A CN109438004A CN 109438004 A CN109438004 A CN 109438004A CN 201811310683 A CN201811310683 A CN 201811310683A CN 109438004 A CN109438004 A CN 109438004A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of straw-returning getting fat in greenhouse, belong to straw-returning technical field.Punched including trench digging, seed dressing, filler, earthing, overlay film and etc..Flyash is especially added in seed dressing, that is corncob of the flyash first with middle material wheat husband or crushing is mixed thoroughly, the proportion of flyash and middle material is 1:2, pass through the slow releasing function of flyash, carbon-dioxide gasfertilizer may be implemented in the equilibrium supply of entire vegetables breeding time, overcome common straw-returning carbon-dioxide gasfertilizer and supply unbalanced problem.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the recycling fields of waste straw, and in particular to straw-returning getting fat in a kind of greenhouse
Method.
Background technique
China is a large agricultural country, stalk resource very abundant, only about 700,000,000 tons of the annual total output of agricultural crop straw with
On.But for a long time, stalk could not be utilized well as a kind of important biomass resource.It is raised except part stalk is used as
Material, fertilizer etc. produce and use, and there remains the extremely considerable waste straw of quantity, and common processing method is all on-site incineration,
Not only serious waste resource, the environmental pollution for burning arrival are also extremely serious.Stalk is mature crops cauline leaf (fringe) part
General name.Such as the remainder of wheat, rice, corn after harvesting seed.Contain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, hydrocarbon member in agricultural crop straw
Element and organic sulfur etc..China every year about 45% or so crop material burnt up in vain, be equivalent to and burnt up 1,200,000 every year
The nitrogen of ton, 280,000 tons of phosphorus, 2,800,000 tons of potassium not only polluted environment, but also wastes the energy.Straw biological fermentation (CO2) skill
Art is the agricultural volume increase an of novel concept, the organic farming theory and technology for increasing matter, has essence with Traditional agriculture technology
Difference, studying for it successfully substantially get rid of the situation that agricultural production is completely dependent on chemical fertilizer.The technology is fermented with straw biological
Substitute part chemical fertilizer, part pesticide replaced with Antagonistic Fungi, is intimately associated country practical, promote resources circulation increment using and it is a variety of
Production factors integrate, and making to preserve the ecological environment combines with higher yield of crops, high-quality, No-harmful apple orchard, are growth of agricultural efficiency, agriculture
The people increase income, food safety and agricultural sustainable development, provide scientific and technical support, open new approach.Stalk is by life
Object fermentative degradation is supplement and balance soil nutrient, the effective ways for improveing soil, for improving the utilization of resources as fertilizer
Rate improves cultivated land utilization efficiency, increases production, increases income and realize that the sustainable development of agricultural all has a very important significance.Greenhouse
The growth of booth vegetable needs plant to carry out photosynthesis, and photosynthesis is the chlorophyll of plant under the action of light, is passed through
Absorbing carbon dioxide and water produce the process of organic matter, and planting density is big, not only to nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium and micro in soil
Element demand is outer greatly, since green house of vegetables is a relatively closed environment, carbon dioxide big to the demand of carbon dioxide
Often in deficient state, the growth of vegetables has been seriously affected.Therefore, the carbon dioxide content how improved in greenhouse seems
It is particularly important.
Summary of the invention
The method that the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of to utilize the getting fat of waste straw returning to the field in greenhouse, reaches it
To while increasing soil fertility, moreover it is possible to increase the purpose of carbon-dioxide gasfertilizer in canopy.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions: the method for straw-returning getting fat in greenhouse, packet
Include following steps:
(1) it ditches: general with site preparation every 0.5-1 meters of 0.5-0.6 meters of excavation width, deep 0.4-0.6 meters of ditch in canopy.
(2) dress seed: generally being carried out in the trench digging later period, 4-6 kilograms of strain of greenhouse per acre, by strain and middle material (wheat husband,
Corncob, peanut shell function rice chaff of crushing etc.) and strain mix thoroughly, add water mix repeatedly after second day just can be used.
(3) filler: generally greenhouse needs to do filler with 5000 kilograms of stalk or more per acre, and filler includes various crops straw
Stalk, such as cotton straw, corn stalk, wheat straw, sawdust, leaf, weeds, herbivore excrement.
(4) earthing: start first time earthing after inoculation, 3-4 centimetres of thickness, stalk of being subject to does not reveal, and then punches, aperture
3-4 centimetres, 40 centimetres of pitch-row, every two row of ditch.Second of earthing is carried out after 5 days, earthing overall thickness is 20-30 centimetres twice, and
It is made into basic field planting ridge,.Then broad irrigation is carried out, when waiting soil to carry out smooth after flood irrigation, overlay film punching, method is a plant
Strain surrounding respectively punches, and 3 centimetres or so of aperture is 60 centimetres deep, is advisable with penetrating reactor stalk layer.
Preferably, in step (2) seed dressing, the strain is yeast strain, Bacillus cercus strain and blown-ball Azotobacter warp
Cultivation and fermentation is mixed after crushing respectively, and middle material is wheat husband, and the strain, middle material, the ratio of water are 1:30:25.
Preferably, in step (2) seed dressing, the strain is yeast strain, Bacillus cercus strain and blown-ball Azotobacter warp
Respectively cultivation and fermentation crush after be mixed, middle material be crushing corncob, peanut shell, the strain, middle material, water ratio
Example is 1:30:30.
Preferably, in step (3) filler, hard whole stalk is first placed on bottom, with a thickness of 30 centimetres, slightly removes one layer of broken straw
After stalk, start to connect first layer strain, strain is uniformly removed on stalk, strain dosage is the one third of the total dosage of every ditch, is connect
Addition second layer stalk, 20-25 centimetres of thickness, then remaining 2/3rds strain is uniformly removed on the stalk of top.
Preferably, flyash, i.e. corn of the flyash first with middle material wheat husband or crushing is added in step (2) seed dressing
Core is mixed thoroughly, and the proportion of flyash and middle material is 1:2.
Preferably, it is 2 that the strain, which is yeast strain, Bacillus cercus strain and blown-ball Azotobacter parts by weight proportion:
2∶ 1。
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The 1, present invention is using waste straw as raw material, returning to the field of ditching, and biofermentation is increasing the same of soil fertility
When, the concentration of carbon dioxide in greenhouse can be effectively promoted, the photosynthetic ability of vegetables is improved.
2, make full use of N, P, K resource in stalk, so that fertilizer amount 30-40% or more is reduced, the soil organism,
Humus, department of microbiology group, crumb structure, aeration, retain water and nutrients ability and physicochemical character etc. are significantly improved and improve.
The carbon dioxide that present invention fermentation generates can be improved plant disease-resistant immunity, reduce pesticide dosage 60% or so, nuisanceless effect
Should be extremely significant, harm is not generated for natural environment and people and animals.
3. in the present invention, flyash being added in seed dressing and does not see there is technical report still, flyash has cellular structure,
Specific surface area is larger, is the major impetus of adsorbent, by flyash fine, increases the voidage of its surface area, enhances it
Surface-active and absorption property after Powder ash adsorption carbon dioxide, in a manner of generating carbonate, not only adsorb fixed titanium dioxide
Carbon, moreover it is possible to separate some microelements in flyash, be needed for vegetable growth.
Field trial data
Proving ground is located in the green house of vegetables of Shandong Province Yinan agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd, county annals China, is kind for examination vegetables
Eggplant, kind is local govern-house-variety, using feeding block seedlings raising.
It is the adjacent vinyl house that two areas are respectively 607 square metres for examination greenhouse, soil property and fertility are accomplished as far as possible
Almost the same, south-north direction, each greenhouse sets five ridges, 60 centimetres of row spacing, is set to test greenhouse and compares greenhouse.
Test greenhouse uses identical with control greenhouse base manure.
The method for compareing the getting fat of greenhouse straw-returning are as follows: trench digging: wide by 0.57 every 0.7 meter of excavation in canopy in conjunction with site preparation
Rice, deep 0.5 meter of ditch.Seed dressing: greenhouse is solid with 2 kilograms of yeast strains, 2 kilograms of Bacillus cercus strains and 1 kilogram of brown ball per acre
Nitrogen bacterium, 50 kilograms of flyash, 100 kilograms of wheat husbands and 75 kg of water are mixed thoroughly, are used within second day after stirring repeatedly.Filler: first will be hard
Whole stalk is placed on bottom, with a thickness of 30 centimetres, after slightly removing one layer of crushing straw, starts to connect first layer strain, strain is uniformly removed
On stalk, strain dosage is the one third of the total dosage of every ditch, then addition second layer stalk, 20-25 centimetres of thickness, then
Remaining 2/3rds strain is uniformly removed on the stalk of top.Earthing: beginning first time earthing after inoculation, 3 centimetres of thickness, with
Then stalk punches subject to not revealing, 4 centimetres of aperture, and 40 centimetres of pitch-row, every two row of ditch.Second of earthing is carried out after 5 days, twice
Earthing overall thickness is 25 centimetres, and is made into basic field planting ridge,.Then broad irrigation is carried out, waits soil to carry out after flood irrigation smooth
When, overlay film punching, method is that a plant surrounding respectively punches, 3 centimetres or so of aperture, it is 60 centimetres deep, to penetrate reactor stalk
Layer is advisable.
The method of greenhouse straw-returning getting fat is tested in addition to joined flyash in seed dressing, i.e., middle material is by 50 kilograms of powder
Coal ash and 100 kilograms of wheat husband compositions are outer, and other methods are identical with control greenhouse.
Test greenhouse and to compare the daily field management of greenhouse identical, come into bloom respectively in tomato, fruit setting initial stage,
As a result peak period and result later period measure the gas concentration lwevel of two greenhouses, as a result as follows.
Greenhouse is tested compared with compareing each breeding time gas concentration lwevel of tomato in plastic greenhouse (PPM).
| [0024] title | [0025] it comes into bloom | [0026] fruit setting initial stage | [0027] result peak period | [0028] the result later period |
| [0029] greenhouse is tested | [0030] 546 | [0031] 586 | [0032] 658 | [0033] 669 |
| [0034] greenhouse is compareed | [0035] 569 | [0036] 592 | [0037] 583 | [0038] 561 |
Upper table can be seen that the gas concentration lwevel in test greenhouse and come into bloom with the slightly less than control of fruit setting initial stage greatly
Canopy, and to middle and later periods, that is, result peak period of Development of Tomato and result later period, the concentration of carbon dioxide is obviously higher than right
According to greenhouse, illustrate to test greenhouse in seed dressing using flyash as part middle material, to the carbon dioxide of stalk fermentation generation with
The mode for generating carbonate has carried out absorption and has fixed, and the carbon dioxide of absorption is slowly released in the tomato growth later period
Come, play the role of one and uniformly discharge carbon dioxide into canopy, preferably resolves stalk fermentation presence in the prior art
Early period generate that carbon dioxide is more, and the later period generates the few situation of carbon dioxide.
Meanwhile four corresponding points of observation are set respectively in test greenhouse and control greenhouse, each point of observation laterally selects 1 row
(10 plants) make Orientation observation plant, to observe its plant strain growth and output condition.
Field investigation is the results show that tomato either single plant average result number or the single fruit weight of test greenhouse are significant
Higher than control greenhouse, wherein per plant number increases 10.2%, and single fruit weight improves 15.3%.
Picking test result proves that the quality for testing the tomato of greenhouse is also significantly better than control greenhouse, soluble sugar content
8.2% is improved than control, organic acid content then reduces 10.3%, and Vitamin C content, soluble solid content are respectively increased
The tomato that 8.9% and 11.5%, especially result later period pick in test greenhouse, pulp enrich, bright, hence it is evident that be better than
Compare the fruit of greenhouse later period picking.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one: a kind of method of straw-returning getting fat in greenhouse includes the following steps:
(1) it ditches: in conjunction with site preparation every 0.5-1 meters of 0.5-0.6 meters of excavation width, deep 0.4-0.6 meters of ditch in canopy.(2)
Seed dressing: greenhouse 2 kilograms of yeast strains, 2 kilograms of Bacillus cercus strains and 1 kilogram of blown-ball Azotobacter per acre, 50 kilograms of fine coal
Ash, 100 kilograms of wheat husbands and 75 kg of water are mixed thoroughly, are used within second day after stirring repeatedly.(3) filler: first hard whole stalk is placed on
Bottom after slightly removing one layer of crushing straw, starts to connect first layer strain, strain uniformly be removed on stalk, strain with a thickness of 30 centimetres
Dosage is the one third of the total dosage of every ditch, then adds second layer stalk, 20-25 centimetres of thickness, then by remaining three/
Two strains are uniformly removed on the stalk of top.Earthing: start first time earthing after inoculation, 3 centimetres of thickness, do not revealed with stalk and be
Then standard is punched, 4 centimetres of aperture, and 40 centimetres of pitch-row, every two row of ditch.Second of earthing is carried out after 5 days, twice earthing overall thickness
It is 25 centimetres, and is made into basic field planting ridge,.Then broad irrigation is carried out, when waiting soil to carry out smooth after flood irrigation, overlay film is beaten
Hole, method are that one plant of surrounding respectively punches, 3 centimetres or so of aperture, 60 centimetres deep, are advisable with penetrating reactor stalk layer.
Embodiment two: a kind of method of straw-returning getting fat in greenhouse, when step (2) dress seed: greenhouse is used per acre
2 kilograms of yeast strains, 2 kilograms of Bacillus cercus strains and 1 kilogram of blown-ball Azotobacter, 50 kilograms of flyash, 100 kilograms crushing
Corncob, peanut shell and 150 kg of water are mixed thoroughly, are used within second day after stirring repeatedly.Other steps are the same as embodiment one.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method of straw-returning getting fat in greenhouse, it is characterised in that include the following steps: that (1) ditches: general knot
Site preparation is closed in canopy every 0.5-1 meters of 0.5-0.6 meters of excavation width, deep 0.4-0.6 meters of ditch；(2) it dresses seed: generally in the trench digging later period
Carry out, 4-6 kilograms of strain of greenhouse per acre, by strain and middle material (wheat husband, the corncob of crushing, peanut shell function rice chaff etc.) and
Strain is mixed thoroughly, and adding water second day after mixing repeatedly just can be used；(3) filler: generally greenhouse is needed with stalk 5000 per acre
Kilogram or more do filler, filler includes various agricultural crop straws, as cotton straw, corn stalk, wheat straw, sawdust, leaf, weeds, food grass
Animal wastes etc.；(4) earthing: starting first time earthing after inoculation, 3-4 centimetres of thickness, stalk of being subject to does not reveal, and then punches,
3-4 centimetres of aperture, 40 centimetres of pitch-row, every two row of ditch.Second of earthing is carried out after 5 days, earthing overall thickness is 20-30 lis twice
Meter, and it is made into basic field planting ridge, broad irrigation is then carried out, when waiting soil to carry out smooth after flood irrigation, overlay film is punched, and method is
One plant surrounding respectively punches, 3 centimetres or so of aperture, 60 centimetres deep, is advisable with penetrating reactor stalk layer.
2. the method for straw-returning getting fat in a kind of greenhouse as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that step (2) seed dressing
In, the strain is that yeast strain, Bacillus cercus strain and blown-ball Azotobacter are mixed after the crushing of cultivation and fermentation respectively,
Middle material is wheat husband, and the strain, middle material, the ratio of water are 1:30:25.
3. the method for straw-returning getting fat in a kind of greenhouse as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that step (2) seed dressing
In, the strain is that yeast strain, Bacillus cercus strain and blown-ball Azotobacter are mixed after the crushing of cultivation and fermentation respectively,
Middle material is the corncob crushed, peanut shell, and the strain, middle material, the ratio of water are 1:30:30.
4. the method for straw-returning getting fat in a kind of greenhouse as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that step (3) filler
In, hard whole stalk is first placed on bottom, with a thickness of 30 centimetres, after slightly removing one layer of crushing straw, starts to connect first layer strain, by bacterium
Kind is uniformly removed on stalk, and strain dosage is the one third of the total dosage of every ditch, then adds second layer stalk, thickness 20-25
Centimetre, then remaining 2/3rds strain is uniformly removed on the stalk of top.
5. the method for straw-returning getting fat in a kind of greenhouse as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that mixed in step (2)
Flyash is added in kind, i.e. corncob of the flyash first with middle material wheat husband or crushing is mixed thoroughly, and flyash and middle material are matched
Than for 1:2.
6. the method for straw-returning getting fat in a kind of greenhouse as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the strain is
Yeast strain, Bacillus cercus strain and blown-ball Azotobacter parts by weight proportion are 2: 2: 1.
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| CN201811310683.5A CN109438004A (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2018-11-06 | A kind of method of straw-returning getting fat in greenhouse |
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| CN201811310683.5A CN109438004A (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2018-11-06 | A kind of method of straw-returning getting fat in greenhouse |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111527993A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-08-14 | 湖州伟祥生态农业发展有限公司 | Method for producing edible fungi by using reed straw regenerated soil |
| CN113105273A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-13 | 宁夏农林科学院园艺研究所(宁夏设施农业工程技术研究中心) | Sunlight greenhouse CO2Sustained release method |
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