CN104099281A - Environment-friendly compound microbial agent - Google Patents

Environment-friendly compound microbial agent Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104099281A
CN104099281A CN201410343957.6A CN201410343957A CN104099281A CN 104099281 A CN104099281 A CN 104099281A CN 201410343957 A CN201410343957 A CN 201410343957A CN 104099281 A CN104099281 A CN 104099281A
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environment
straw
specifically
rhodococcus
pseudomonas aeruginosa
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CN104099281B (en
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尹梦珍
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Linyi University
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尹梦珍
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an environment-friendly compound microbial agent which is prepared by raw materials in percentage by weight as follows: 20% of cellulomonas flavigena, 20% of phanerochaete chrysosporium, 15% of bacillus mucilaginosus, 15% of pseudomonas aeruginosa, 10% of aspergillus niger, 10% of streptomyces hygroscopicus, 7% of rhodococcus and 3% of paracoccus denitrificans. The provided environment-friendly straw degradation agent can accelerate straw fermentation, and compound microorganisms have an excellent synergistic effect; the environment-friendly compound microbial agent has an efficient degradation property on straw, difficult to degrade, of corn, rice and the like and has high external environment adaptability; and the environment-friendly compound microbial agent is mainly applied to decomposed crop straw returning and converts the crop straw into efficient, safe and environment-friendly bio-organic fertilizer.

Description

A kind of environmental protection complex micro organism fungicide
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture microorganism in the Application Areas of processing on agricultural crop straw, be specifically related to a kind of environmental protection complex micro organism fungicide and the application on straw bioreactor and stack retting thereof.
Summary of the invention
Along with the raising of China's farm output, the output of agricultural crop straw (as corn stalk, wheat straw, sorghum stalks, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, peanut stalk, rice bran, straw, leaf etc.) is also being multiplied.Data is recorded according to the relevent statistics, and the output of the current all kinds of agricultural crop straws in the whole nation is reaching 7~1,000,000,000 tons every year,, its quantity is equivalent to 60 times of Northern grassland output.For a long time, the processing problem of agricultural crop straw is to make vast farmers and governments at all levels feel more the problem of headache always, past is due to the reason such as shortage, market information obturation and peasant's autumn ploughing sowing time of evaluation and exploration technology is of short duration, most stalks go out of use in river course, rot or directly destroyed by fire in field in roadside, not only stop up river course and road traffic, and severe contamination environment cause the huge waste of resource.
Because stalk is difficult for decomposition in a short time, cause stalk resource reasonably not developed for a long time, except making compost for heap for packing ring, pasture, part on a small quantity, major part has all been burnt as life fuel, be main area in plant husbandry, crop material has become the obstacle in production.So crop straw burning spreads all over vast rural area, cause thus the serious waste of environmental pollution and organic resource.According to statistics, the whole nation only accounts for 20% left and right of total amount as the crop material of going back field and organic fertilizer, burn and account for 17%, after straw burning, primary product is carbonic acid gas, carbon monoxide, the obnoxious flavoures such as sulfurous gas, these gases cause serious environmental pollution after entering atmosphere.There is the scene of " igniting of village of village, smolders " everywhere in rural area of every harvest season, crop straw burning do four large harms: the one, and waste resource, causes large amount of organic can not go back to field; The 2nd, serious environment pollution; Three frequent initiation fire and traffic accidents; Four destroy farmland ecosystem material cycle, cause soil fertility to decline.
Straw directly returning to field is the project of promoting in recent years, adopt straw-returning machine operation, mechanization degree is high, and the stalk treatment time is short, and the time of rotting in soil is long, affect ploughing and rotary tillage process, be unfavorable for sowing, in recent years, the thing that stalk is burnt often occur, both do not reach the object of straw resource utilization, polluted again environment.
Utilizing biotechnology fast processing stalk is the more solution of current application.Stalk fibre cellulose content is high, also has a small amount of xylogen, and C/N, than too high, need to add the bacterium of function yeast and the disease-resistant getting fat effect that can utilize xylogen, Mierocrystalline cellulose and protein, and add dregs of beans, wheat bran and the urea etc. that regulate C/N ratio.Microorganism is by being secreted into the free cellulose enzyme outside born of the same parents to cellulosic degraded, with lytic enzyme mechanism and oxydase mechanisms of degradation Mierocrystalline cellulose.Utilize microorganism Mierocrystalline cellulose finally can be decomposed into carbonic acid gas and water, and can produce a large amount of tropinas by the growth of microorganism self, therefore use microbial method Treating straw, can increase substantially its nutritive value, compared with physico-chemical process, there are many unrivaled advantages.Seed selection and utilize crop material efficient degradation microorganism strains, research and development high efficiency degradation bacterial agent, sets up crop material field biology in situ and transforms also field technology, is one of important development trend both at home and abroad at present.
 
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of environmental protection complex micro organism fungicide; it is characterized in that it is composited by decomposing xylogen, Mierocrystalline cellulose, protein, multiple bacterial strain disease-resistant and bacterial manure several functions; solve that the microbiobacterial agent kind utilized of prior art is single in stalk fermentation degradation process, a little less than capacity of decomposition, the problem such as the low and fermentation period of Mierocrystalline cellulose total degradation rate is long, a kind of colleges and universities environment-friendly stalk degradation agents is provided.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of preparing straw organic fertilizer, and it uses environment-friendly stalk degradation agents fermented stalk of the present invention, obtains organic fertilizer, decomposition into field.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
A kind of environmental protection complex micro organism fungicide, the raw material by following weight percent of this microbial inoculum is prepared and is obtained:
Produce yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis 20%, Phanerochaete chrysosporium 20%, Bacillus mucilaginosus 15%, pseudomonas aeruginosa 15%, aspergillus niger 10%, streptomyces hygroscopicus 10%, rhodococcus 7%, Paracoccus denitrificans 3%.
In above-mentioned microbial inoculum, described product yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis specifically can be and produces yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis (cellulomonas flavigena) ATCC No.482;
Described Phanerochaete chrysosporium specifically can be Phanerochaete chrysosporium (phanerochaete chrysosporium) ATCC20696;
Described Bacillus mucilaginosus specifically can be Bacillus mucilaginosus (Bacillus mucilaginosus) CGMCC NO.3769;
Described pseudomonas aeruginosa specifically can be pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) ATCC 15442;
Described aspergillus niger specifically can be aspergillus niger (Aspergillus nige) CCTCC No:M206034;
Described streptomyces hygroscopicus specifically can be streptomyces hygroscopicus (Streptomyces hygroscopicus) CCTCC No:M203062;
Described rhodococcus is preferably rhodococcus (Rhodococcus rhodochrous) ATCC 15906;
Described Paracoccus denitrificans specifically can be Paracoccus denitrificans (Paracoccus denitrificans) ATCC13543.
Complex microbial inoculum of the present invention can be liquid bacterial agent, can be also solid fungicide.
Straw fermentation complex microbial inoculant of the present invention, reasonable compatibility between each bacterial classification, symbiosis is coordinated, antagonism not mutually, its preparation method is easy, easy to implement the method, because material in the process of processing is thoroughly become thoroughly decomposed, produce a large amount of functional microorganisms and multiple meta-bolites as plant hormone, microbiotic etc., thereby stimulation crop growth, improves soil nutrient, improvement Soil structure, it is easy and simple to handle, is beneficial to production.
Present inventor is through creative work for many years, through a large amount of shaker tests, bacterial strain is carried out to reasonable compatibility, the microbial inoculum formula obtaining is reasonable, easy to use, the stalk speed of becoming thoroughly decomposed is fast, adopt modern microbial fermentation engineering technology, the multiple of screening and culturing can efficiently be produced to cellulase, the function stem combination of hemicellulase and lignoenzyme is cultivated and becomes a kind of complex micro organism fungicide: produce yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis 20%, Phanerochaete chrysosporium 20%, Bacillus mucilaginosus 15%, pseudomonas aeruginosa 15%, aspergillus niger 10%, streptomyces hygroscopicus 10%, rhodococcus 7%, Paracoccus denitrificans 3% multi-functional bacterial strain forms, there is strain combinations new, structure is steady, enzyme is lived strong, bacterium is counted high.Complex micro organism fungicide provided by the invention is accelerated stalk fermentation, between this microbial inoculum microorganism, has good synergistic effect; The stalk such as corn, paddy rice to hard degradation has efficient degradation property, especially under cold condition; Adapt to external environment ability strong; This microbial inoculum is mainly used in crop material decomposition into field in agricultural planting, is translated into the biological organic fertilizer of efficient, safety, environmental protection.
Environment-friendly stalk degradation agents energy quick composting agricultural crop straw of the present invention, can field straw be become thoroughly decomposed rapidly at about 7-10 days, microbial inoculum with respect to prior art has greatly reduced the time of becoming thoroughly decomposed, solve and in crops straw returning field, had the problem slow, that go back field difficulty of becoming thoroughly decomposed, improve soil organic matter content, play the effect of " land used is increased soil fertility ", cracked for a long time in straw-returning problem government encourage, quagmire that peasant is slack.
Bacterial classification of the present invention all can be from Chinese microorganism strain preservation management committee's common micro-organisms center (CGMCC) and US mode culture collection warehousing (ATCC) buy and obtain.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of environment-friendly stalk degradation agents, and wherein preparation process is:
A, will produce yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, aspergillus niger, streptomyces hygroscopicus, rhodococcus, Paracoccus denitrificans activates in a conventional manner, is cultured to viable count in bacterium liquid and reaches 2 × 10 8individual/gram.
B, will produce above yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, aspergillus niger, streptomyces hygroscopicus, rhodococcus, the bacterium liquid that Paracoccus denitrificans is cultivated is uniformly mixed acquisition mixed bacteria liquid by certain mass ratio, then according to mixed bacteria liquid: the ratio that wheat bran is 1:5-10 is uniformly mixed.
C, dry: will mix material and be dried, drying temperature is 20-50 DEG C, dry rear water content is 20-30%, inspection, packaging: by quality standard inspection, finished product is packed by weight, obtains environment-friendly stalk degradation agents.
Environment-friendly stalk degradation agents of the present invention agent is applicable to the also field of the stalks such as paddy rice, wheat, corn, can adopt the rotten also field of direct pulverizing tiling or heap, and every mu is recommended consumption is 2kg left and right.
1, maize straw rotary tillage stubble-cleaning decomposition into field technology mode
(1) stalk tiling.First crop crop maturation adopts afterwards the reaper harvesting with pulverizer or is 10-15cm by the crops stalk crushing of not pulverizing, and the stalk after pulverizing is evenly sprinkling upon field.
(2) use environment-friendly stalk degradation agents of the present invention.Before ploughing, straw degradative agent and appropriate earth or base fertilizer are mixed thoroughly, spread fertilizer over the fields immediately in the field of completing stalk.In using base fertilizer by local high yield standard, every mu is affixed by the muck 100-200 of farmers' kilogram or urea 3-5 kilogram or 15 kilograms of adjusting carbon-nitrogen ratios of carbon ammonium.
(3) plough stubble-cleaning.Carry out stubble-cleaning with stubble cleaning rotary tiller, crop material is turned over and imbedded in topsoil soils, then pour water, waterflooding 7-10 centimetre dark, and 1-3 centimetre of transplanting waterflooding is dark.
(4) daily administration.Other fertilising and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control require normally to carry out with reference to high yield.
2, the application of environment-friendly stalk microbial inoculum in rice straw stack retting:
Arrange rice straw, control moisture 55~60%, every 1 mu of square agricultural crop straw adds 1 kilogram of composite fungus agent, turns over and smashes evenly;
Agricultural crop straw heap good pre-treatment is grown up trapezoidal, 1 meter of heap top width, 2 meters of heap bottom width, pile 1.2~1.5 meters of high summer and autumns, 1.5~2.0 meters of winter-spring season, and heap is long to be determined according to place, and every heap volume is no less than 5 sides;
After fermentation starts, in the time that 20~30 centimetres of depths temperature of charge rise to 55 DEG C, keep 2 days, then turn over and smash once, when heap temperature rises to after 55 DEG C again, keep 2 days, then turn over and smash once; Turn over and smash according to heap tender feeling condition afterwards, temperature rise is not turned over and is smash period, and temperature stops rising and turns over and smash, and repeats this step, until heap temperature is identical with external temperature, moisture is while being down to below 30%, has completed fermenting process.
 
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of environmental protection complex micro organism fungicide, the raw material by following weight percent of this microbial inoculum is prepared and is obtained:
Produce yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis 20%, Phanerochaete chrysosporium 20%, Bacillus mucilaginosus 15%, pseudomonas aeruginosa 15%, aspergillus niger 10%, streptomyces hygroscopicus 10%, rhodococcus 7%, Paracoccus denitrificans 3%.
In above-mentioned microbial inoculum, described product yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis is specially and produces yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis (cellulomonas flavigena) ATCC No.482;
Described Phanerochaete chrysosporium is specially Phanerochaete chrysosporium (phanerochaete chrysosporium) ATCC20696;
Described Bacillus mucilaginosus is specially Bacillus mucilaginosus (Bacillus mucilaginosus) CGMCC NO.3769;
Described pseudomonas aeruginosa is specially pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) ATCC 15442;
Described aspergillus niger is specially aspergillus niger (Aspergillus nige) CCTCC No:M206034;
Described streptomyces hygroscopicus is specially streptomyces hygroscopicus (Streptomyces hygroscopicus) CCTCC No:M203062;
Described rhodococcus is specially rhodococcus (Rhodococcus rhodochrous) ATCC 15906;
Described Paracoccus denitrificans is specially Paracoccus denitrificans (Paracoccus denitrificans) ATCC13543.
Using method is:
A, will produce yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, aspergillus niger, streptomyces hygroscopicus, rhodococcus, Paracoccus denitrificans activates in a conventional manner, is cultured to viable count in bacterium liquid and reaches 2 × 10 8individual/gram.
B, will produce above yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, aspergillus niger, streptomyces hygroscopicus, rhodococcus, the bacterium liquid that Paracoccus denitrificans is cultivated is uniformly mixed acquisition mixed bacteria liquid by certain mass ratio, then according to mixed bacteria liquid: the ratio that wheat bran is 1:10 is uniformly mixed.
C, dry: will mix material and be dried, drying temperature is 20-50 DEG C, dry rear water content is 20-30%, inspection, packaging: by quality standard inspection, finished product is packed by weight, obtains environment-friendly stalk degradation agents.
Embodiment 2
The environment-friendly stalk degradation agents that adopts embodiment 1 to make, sample plot point is selected in blue Ling County, Shandong Province, and main rotation system is early rice-late rice-rape, and full dose straw-returning after early rice results, carries out no-tillage cast-transplanted.Be hybridisation rice for studying thing.
Test-results
After rice harves, stalk is laid on to experiment Tanaka, adds the experiment field of environment-friendly stalk degradation agents of the present invention and use microbial inoculum prepared by 2kg embodiment 1 according to every mu, control group, without straw fermentation complex microbial inoculant, is then poured water, and observes straw decomposing changing conditions:
The straw decomposing situation of table 1 different treatment
Embodiment 3
Environmental protection complex micro organism fungicide is in the technical result of use of straw bioreactor
The complex micro organism fungicide that adopts embodiment 1 to make, sample plot point is selected in Yishui County, Linyi, carries out maize straw experiment.
Process 1: maize straw+urea
Process 2: maize straw+use degradation agents 2kg/ mu+urea prepared by embodiment 1
Interpretation:
Stalk colour-change: use after degradation agents prepared by embodiment 1 the 4th day, from color, that does not use does not change substantially, and stalk is harder.And the existing a lot of black patchess in the surface of using degradation agents, obviously blackening, it is soft that stalk has become.Use degradation agents the 10th day from color, the just blackening of not using, and use the very black of straw decomposition into field microbiobacterial agent, from feel, deliquescing slightly of using microbiobacterial agent of the present invention useless, uses the very soft of microbiobacterial agent of the present invention.Use after microbiobacterial agent of the present invention, the maize straw decomposition cycle obviously shortens.
Stalk uses after microbiobacterial agent of the present invention the also more untapped soil weight of field soil to reduce, and porosity improves, and illustrate that use microbiobacterial agent of the present invention carries out straw decomposition and also improved the physical form of soil in field.The soil weight declines, and porosity increases, and makes loosing soil and permeability good, is conducive to retaining, fertilizer conservation, promotes high crop yield.
 
To sum up, straw-returning has very large promoter action to plant growth, the application's environment-friendly stalk degradation agents is through applicant's creative work for many years, adopt modern microbial fermentation engineering technology, the multiple of screening and culturing can efficiently be produced to cellulase, the function stem of hemicellulase and lignoenzyme combines cultivation and becomes a kind of complex micro organism fungicide, by, produce yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, aspergillus niger, streptomyces hygroscopicus, rhodococcus, Paracoccus denitrificans multi-functional bacterial strain forms, between microbial inoculum microorganism, there is good synergistic effect, there is strain combinations new, structure is steady, enzyme is lived strong, bacterium is counted high, a large amount of residue stalks are not only processed, the environmental pollution of having avoided crop straw burning to cause, increase production crops remarkable simultaneously.
 
Although, above with general explanation and embodiment, this case being done to detailed explanation, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, the amendment done without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention or improvement, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.

Claims (3)

1. an environmental protection complex micro organism fungicide, is characterized in that, described microbial inoculum is obtained by the raw material preparation of following weight percent:
Produce yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis 20%, Phanerochaete chrysosporium 20%, Bacillus mucilaginosus 15%, pseudomonas aeruginosa 15%, aspergillus niger 10%, streptomyces hygroscopicus 10%, rhodococcus 7%, Paracoccus denitrificans 3%.
2. microbiobacterial agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described product yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis specifically can be and produces yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis (cellulomonas flavigena) ATCC 482;
Described Phanerochaete chrysosporium specifically can be Phanerochaete chrysosporium (phanerochaete chrysosporium) ATCC 20696;
Described Bacillus mucilaginosus specifically can be Bacillus mucilaginosus (Bacillus mucilaginosus) CGMCC NO.3769;
Described pseudomonas aeruginosa specifically can be pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) ATCC 15442;
Described aspergillus niger specifically can be aspergillus niger (Aspergillus nige) CCTCC No:M206034;
Described streptomyces hygroscopicus specifically can be streptomyces hygroscopicus (Streptomyces hygroscopicus) CCTCC No:M203062;
Described rhodococcus is preferably rhodococcus (Rhodococcus rhodochrous) ATCC 15906;
Described Paracoccus denitrificans specifically can be Paracoccus denitrificans (Paracoccus denitrificans) ATCC 13543.
3. the application of the microbiobacterial agent described in claim 1-2 in agricultural crop straw decomposition into field.
CN201410343957.6A 2014-07-20 2014-07-20 A kind of environmental protection complex micro organism fungicide Expired - Fee Related CN104099281B (en)

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CN104099282A (en) * 2014-07-19 2014-10-15 尹梦珍 Environment-friendly straw degradation agent
CN104649759A (en) * 2015-02-04 2015-05-27 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 High-carbon-based soil additive prepared from fermented soybean straw
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CN104649762A (en) * 2015-02-04 2015-05-27 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 Soil high-carbon-based additive prepared from fermented peanut straw
CN105254416A (en) * 2015-10-14 2016-01-20 吉首大学 Method for returning all sorghum straw to field during harvesting
CN107099490A (en) * 2017-07-05 2017-08-29 朱玲芳 A kind of biological agent for being used to handle agricultural crop straw
CN108504604A (en) * 2018-04-18 2018-09-07 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 A kind of complex micro organism fungicide and its application in the aerobic reparation of landfill yard
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CN112080450A (en) * 2020-09-30 2020-12-15 内蒙古农业大学 Straw degrading bacteria and separation screening method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104099282A (en) * 2014-07-19 2014-10-15 尹梦珍 Environment-friendly straw degradation agent
CN104649762B (en) * 2015-02-04 2018-03-13 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 The high carbon-based additive of soil that a kind of fermenting peanut stalk is prepared
CN104649759A (en) * 2015-02-04 2015-05-27 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 High-carbon-based soil additive prepared from fermented soybean straw
CN104649760A (en) * 2015-02-04 2015-05-27 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 Soil high carbon-based additive prepared from fermented corn straw
CN104649762A (en) * 2015-02-04 2015-05-27 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 Soil high-carbon-based additive prepared from fermented peanut straw
CN104649759B (en) * 2015-02-04 2018-04-10 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 The high carbon-based additive of soil that a kind of fermentation soybean stalk is prepared
CN104649760B (en) * 2015-02-04 2018-03-13 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 The high carbon-based additive of soil that a kind of fermented maize stalk is prepared
CN105254416B (en) * 2015-10-14 2018-03-23 吉首大学 A kind of method of total crop return during broomcorn straw harvest
CN105254416A (en) * 2015-10-14 2016-01-20 吉首大学 Method for returning all sorghum straw to field during harvesting
CN107099490A (en) * 2017-07-05 2017-08-29 朱玲芳 A kind of biological agent for being used to handle agricultural crop straw
CN107099490B (en) * 2017-07-05 2020-07-03 山东迈科珍生物科技有限公司 Biological agent for treating crop straws
CN108504604A (en) * 2018-04-18 2018-09-07 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 A kind of complex micro organism fungicide and its application in the aerobic reparation of landfill yard
CN108504604B (en) * 2018-04-18 2021-05-07 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 Compound microbial agent and application thereof in aerobic remediation of landfill
CN110577441A (en) * 2019-09-29 2019-12-17 周雪 Amino acid zinc type plant nutrient compounded by streptomyces hygroscopicus metabolite adenine-9-D-anhydro glucoside fermentation liquid
CN112080450A (en) * 2020-09-30 2020-12-15 内蒙古农业大学 Straw degrading bacteria and separation screening method
CN112080450B (en) * 2020-09-30 2022-04-19 内蒙古农业大学 Straw degrading bacteria and separation screening method

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