CN109264867A - A kind of construction method of the compound group of ecological canal slope-protecting plant - Google Patents
A kind of construction method of the compound group of ecological canal slope-protecting plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN109264867A CN109264867A CN201811066883.0A CN201811066883A CN109264867A CN 109264867 A CN109264867 A CN 109264867A CN 201811066883 A CN201811066883 A CN 201811066883A CN 109264867 A CN109264867 A CN 109264867A
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- slope
- ecological canal
- radix ophiopogonis
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- window box
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of construction methods of compound group of ecological canal slope-protecting plant, are related to protection of natural resources and environment technical field.Mainly to improve sewage purification and the Function of Landscaping of ecological canal, belong to resource environment and protection technique field.This method comprises: according to the blowdown water level Annual variations situation of farmland sewerage nitrogen and phosphor ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches, the suitable ecological canal of selection, three zone are marked off from bottom to top by the direction for being parallel to river to slope protection, and Phalaris grass, Radix Ophiopogonis and window box oxalis are solely planted respectively, to construct window box oxalis-compound group of Radix Ophiopogonis-Phalaris grass on ecological canal slope protection.Good anniversary purification complementary effect can have not only been formed with the ecological canal under conventional vegetation using ecological canal of the invention, but also the beautification of landscape effect and economic benefits of ecological canal can be significantly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to protection of natural resources and environment technical fields, and in particular to one kind is with window box oxalis, Radix Ophiopogonis and Phalaris grass three
The method of the kind plant building compound group of ecological canal slope-protecting plant.
Background technique
The farmland sewage treatment that ecological canal is made of growing plants on agriculture drainage ditch and its substrate and slope protection
Engineering has been considered as carrying out maximally efficient one of the measure of Control of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution, to farmland exhaust emission nitrogen phosphorus
Removal rate can usually respectively reach 60% and 64% or more.Wherein, the vegetation mainly formed as ecological canal, mainly passes through root
The absorption of system and the degradation of rhizosphere microorganism play extremely important effect during nitrogen, phosphorus intercept.
Currently, the common plant of building ecological canal slope protection mainly has reed, cattail, canna glauca, thaliadeabata and lamp
Heart grass etc., when several plant therein constitutes the phytobiocoenose of ecological canal slope protection, irrigation canals and ditches show stronger nitrogen phosphorus and go
Removing solid capacity.But the Growing season of these plants is mostly spring and summer, and autumn and winter is mostly in a dormant state, causes autumn and winter plant not
Only dirt-removing power reduces, and largely there are few the litters for cradling value can also result in secondary pollution, thus, the anniversary of irrigation canals and ditches is high
Effect decontamination is difficult to ensure.Meanwhile the landscape effect of irrigation canals and ditches is poor.
Window box oxalis is a kind of perennial herb, and drought-resistance ability is strong, and covering ground is rapid, therefore it is raw to can inhibit periphery weeds
It is long.Because plant is short, neat, spend leafy numerous, it is the advantages that it is 3-12 month that the florescence is long, and pattern is gorgeous, now green frequently as urban landscape
Plant is used.It is easy to transplant, though it is suitable for transplanting time that 3-4 month, which is, the annual easy transplant survival in addition to torridity summer.
Radix Ophiopogonis is a kind of perennial evergreen herbaceous plant, likes moist environment, and resistance to short-term water logging, plant is short, and pattern is white
Color or lavender, florescence are the 5-8 month.It is similar with window box oxalis, though it is suitable for transplanting time that 3-4 month, which is, in addition to torridity summer
Annual easy transplant survival.
Phalaris grass, which is that a kind of perennial cold-season-type humidogene is resistance to, floods dogstail, in 1 year in addition to heat and severe winter growth ease up,
Other seasons can vigorous growth, plant height can reach 1.5-1.6 meters, can be used as herbage because being rich in nutritive value 1 year and repeatedly cuts
It cuts.Separately because its dirt-removing power is strong, often it is used as constructed wetland plant again and carries out sewage treatment.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the present invention selects window box oxalis, Radix Ophiopogonis and Phalaris grass to construct ecological canal slope protection composite plant group,
It can ensure that irrigation canals and ditches anniversary high-effective cleansing effect with higher, and can provide the beautification of landscape effect of irrigation canals and ditches, to overcome existing
There is the above problem existing for certain ecological canals.
Technical solution: in order to achieve the above object, a kind of construction method of the compound group of ecological canal slope-protecting plant, under
State step progress:
(1) the suitable ecological canal of selection
Select the angle of gradient for 45-70 °, length of grade > 1.5m, year height of water region length of grade occupy the 2/5-3/5 of total length of grade
Ecological canal.
(2) side slope arrangement and structural-belt division
Side slope surface is flattened after removing slope protection weeds, then from bottom to top draws slope protection by the direction for being parallel to irrigation canals and ditches water flow
Under being divided into, in, upper three zone, wherein the upper limb of lower region band be year water level ceiling for accumulation, lower edge is bottom of slope.In, upper zone band
Bandwidth takes the circumstances into consideration to arrange.In, upper zone bandwidth than be usually 2:1.
(3) vegetation arrangement
Under from bottom of slope to top of the slope, in, solely plant Phalaris grass, Radix Ophiopogonis and window box oxalis respectively in upper three zone,
Construct ecological canal slope protection window box oxalis-compound group of Radix Ophiopogonis-Phalaris grass.
(4) plantation and management of different plants
1. plantation and management of the lower region with Phalaris grass
Phalaris grass by the mature seed of acquisition sowed in the way of plant, suitable sowing date be 11-12 month；It will before sowing
The shallow soil layer pine that slope protection lower region band carries out 5-8cm is whole, then pressing application rate is 1-2g/m2Phalaris grass seed is equably sowed it
In, it rakes, is compacted, watering then remains that ground moistening to seedling, periodically carries out weeds processing.
2. plantation and management of the middle region with Radix Ophiopogonis
Radix Ophiopogonis is planted using seedling replanting method, and suitable transplanting time is 3-4 month；Slope protection middle region band is carried out
It after the shallow soil layer pine of 10cm or so is whole, ditches by line-spacing 15-20cm, ditch depth 5-8cm, then the Radix Ophiopogonis seedling after plant division is every in ditch
It was transplanted for 1 cluster Radix Ophiopogonis every 8-10cm, every cluster young plant containing 3-5, then earthing, compacting sprinkles profoundly water, and keeps ground moistening until turning green into
It is living, it is rear periodically to carry out weeds removing and pouring.
3. plantation and management of the upper zone with window box oxalis
Window box oxalis is planted using seedling replanting method, and suitable transplanting time is 3-4 month；It will be on slope protection before transplanting
The shallow soil layer pine that portion's zone carries out 10-12cm or so is whole, then ditches by line-spacing 20-25cm, 10 or so cm of ditch depth；Safflower jealous woman is starched
Careless seedling presses bulb plant division, then transplants 2-4 bulb, earthing every 15-20cm or so in ditch, and compacting sprinkles profoundly water, and keeps soil
Earth is wet until sprouting bears, rear periodically to carry out weeds removing and pouring.
The first two years after the completion of community hight need to periodically carry out Radix Ophiopogonis and two zone of window box oxalis more fine miscellaneous
Grass is removed, and in order to which two species population cover degrees are rapidly reached 100%, to reduce the interference of weeds, then annual slightly weeds are clear
It removes.And Phalaris grass zone is that seed broadcasting, current year cover degree i.e. reachable 100%, and Phalaris grass have extremely strong competitiveness, fortune
Without carrying out weeds processing between the departure date.
In conclusion announcing a kind of construction method of compound group of ecological canal slope-protecting plant according to the present invention, more routinely
The method of vegetation construction haves many advantages, such as above:
Firstly, compared with the common other plant of ecological canal, Phalaris grass not only almost have can the anniversary growth characteristics, but also decontamination
It is very competent, and it is planted in the region come into full contact with sewage, therefore, ecological canal slope-protecting plant group, ecology are constructed with it
The anniversary high-effective cleansing effect of irrigation canals and ditches will significantly improve；Secondly, pattern is gorgeous, florescence long (3-12 month) window box oxalis and
Evergreen Radix Ophiopogonis in the four seasons and the long Phalaris grass of Growing season replace common other plant, construct ecological canal slope-protecting plant group, scape
Seeing landscaping effect will greatly be embodied；Again, Phalaris grass is a kind of high quality forage, can repeatedly cradle it is feeding, and other two kinds
The litter and residuum that plant generates are less, thus not only can avoid generating secondary pollution, but also bring certain economic benefit；Most
Afterwards, Phalaris grass and rice and wheat of the plantation in slope protection lower part belong to gramineae plant, the herbicide of farming process to it hardly
Phytotoxicity is generated, this would be beneficial for the stable maintenance of irrigation canals and ditches phytobiocoenose.
Specific embodiment
The technology is arranged in June, 2016 in April, 2017 in the farmland of industry new district Modern Agricultural Park
Implement in Box Drain, irrigation canals and ditches overall length 330m, the wide 5m of groove face, the angle of gradient is about 60 °, and Slope is about 2m, year peak level can
Reach at the 1/2 of slope protection, year lowest water level is 0 (irrigation canals and ditches is anhydrous), i.e. the year height of water accounts for the 1/2 of total length of grade, length 1m.The ditch
The sewage discharge in the canal receiving about 100 mu of farmlands in periphery.It, will using this technology building window box oxalis-compound group of Radix Ophiopogonis-Phalaris grass
Irrigation canals and ditches, which are built up, implements nitrogen phosphorus interception ecological canal, and the building process of this compound group is as follows:
In June, (1) 2016 and August spray steriland herbicide glyphosate respectively and carry out the removing of slope protection weeds.
(2) after clearing up slope-protecting plant residuum by the end of October, slope surface is flattened, then by slope protection from bottom to top by being parallel to ditch water in a canal
The direction of stream is divided into three zone, wherein and lower region band upper limb is year water level ceiling for accumulation, and lower edge is bottom of slope, bandwidth 1m,
In, upper zone band bandwidth ratio be 3:2, i.e. bandwidth is respectively 0.6m and 0.4m.
(3) although it is 3-4 month that window box oxalis and Radix Ophiopogonis, which are suitable for transplanting time, this example is to provide construction efficiency, is adopted
It is constructed with concentrating, the transplanting of the two and the plantation of Phalaris grass is arranged in mid-November simultaneously.
1. the shallow soil layer pine that the zone of the 1m wide of slope protection lower part plantation Phalaris grass is carried out about 8cm or so is whole, then presses application rate
For 1-2g/m2Phalaris grass seed is mixed well with thin sand and soil, then it is equably sowed and in shallow soil layer, is raked after pine is whole,
Compacting.
2. the shallow soil layer pine that the zone of the 0.6m wide of plantation Radix Ophiopogonis in the middle part of slope protection is carried out 10cm or so is whole, by line-spacing
20cm, ditch depth 8cm trench digging, then the Radix Ophiopogonis seedling after plant division was transplanted for 1 cluster Radix Ophiopogonis in ditch every 10cm, every cluster contains 4 young plants, then
Earthing, compacting.
3. the shallow soil layer pine that the zone of the 0.4m wide of slope protection top plantation window box oxalis is carried out 10cm or so is whole, then presses
Line-spacing 20cm, 10 or so cm of ditch depth trench digging；Window box oxalis seedling leaf to be planted is cut off, plant division is carried out to bulb, then in ditch
It is interior to transplant 3-4 bulb, earthing, compacting every 20cm or so.
4. uniformly sprinkling profoundly water after three kinds of plant cultivating earthing compactings, then keep ground moistening to April in the coming year.In addition,
At 12 the end of month, in the poor window box oxalis plant zone covering mulch of cold resistance to keep out the cold, until mid-March in the coming year is removably
Film.Weeds removing periodically then is carried out to slope protection.
(4) to autumn in 2107, three kinds of plants realize slope protection surface soil all standing, ecological canal slope protection window box oxalis-
Radix Ophiopogonis-Phalaris compound the community hight of grass preliminarily forms.In clean effect, compared with the ecological canal just built using common plant,
Good embodiment has been obtained using the ecological canal anniversary high-effective cleansing effect that this technology constructs；On landscape, the ecological canal
Slope protection is kept for the four seasons evergreen, and a large amount of pink gorgeous window box oxalis are colored to burst forth in slope protection upper zone band having 3-12 month,
There is a small amount of white Radix Ophiopogonis flower to intersperse in middle region band the 5-8 month, the Function of Landscaping of irrigation canals and ditches is obvious；In economic well-being of workers and staff, Phalaris grass
It cradles respectively at the end of March and by the end of September and once makees feeding, add up the fresh Phalaris grass forage grass 4.8kg/m of harvest twice2, with growth year
The increase of limit, the annual Cutting of Phalaris grass and harvest total amount will will increase dramatically.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of construction method of the compound group of ecological canal slope-protecting plant, it is characterised in that carry out as steps described below:
(1) the suitable ecological canal of selection
Select the angle of gradient for 45-70 °, length of grade > 1.5m, year height of water region length of grade occupy total length of grade 2/5-3/5 life
State irrigation canals and ditches；
(2) side slope arrangement and structural-belt division
Side slope surface is flattened after removing slope protection weeds, then is from bottom to top divided into slope protection by the direction for being parallel to irrigation canals and ditches water flow
Under, in, upper three zone, wherein the upper limb of lower region band be year water level ceiling for accumulation, lower edge is bottom of slope；In, upper zone band bandwidth
It arranges as one sees fit, the building ecological canal slope protection window box oxalis-compound group of Radix Ophiopogonis-Phalaris grass；
(3) vegetation arrangement
Under from bottom of slope to top of the slope, in, solely plant Phalaris grass, Radix Ophiopogonis and window box oxalis respectively in upper three zone；
(4) plantation and management of different plants
1. plantation and management of the lower region with Phalaris grass
2. plantation and management of the middle region with Radix Ophiopogonis
3. plantation and management of the upper zone with window box oxalis.
2. a kind of construction method of compound group of ecological canal slope-protecting plant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 1.
Plantation and management of the lower region with Phalaris grass
Phalaris grass by the mature seed of acquisition sowed in the way of plant, suitable sowing date be 11-12 month；By slope protection before sowing
The shallow soil layer pine that lower region band carries out 5-8cm is whole, then pressing application rate is 1-2g/m2Phalaris grass seed is equably sowed wherein, rake
It is flat, it is compacted, watering, then remains that ground moistening to seedling, periodically carries out weeds processing.
3. a kind of construction method of compound group of ecological canal slope-protecting plant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 2.
Plantation and management of the middle region with Radix Ophiopogonis
Radix Ophiopogonis is planted using seedling replanting method, and suitable transplanting time is 3-4 month；It is left that slope protection middle region band is subjected to 10cm
After right shallow soil layer pine is whole, by line-spacing 15-20cm, ditch depth 5-8cm trench digging, then by the Radix Ophiopogonis seedling after plant division in ditch every 8-
10cm was transplanted for 1 cluster Radix Ophiopogonis, every cluster young plant containing 3-5, then earthing, and compacting sprinkles profoundly water, and kept ground moistening up to being revival from transplanting,
Weeds removing and pouring are periodically carried out afterwards.
4. a kind of construction method of compound group of ecological canal slope-protecting plant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 3.
Plantation and management of the upper zone with window box oxalis
Window box oxalis is planted using seedling replanting method, and suitable transplanting time is 3-4 month；By slope protection upper zone before transplanting
It is whole with the shallow soil layer pine for carrying out 10-12cm or so, then ditch by line-spacing 20-25cm, 10 or so cm of ditch depth；To window box oxalis seedling
Bulb plant division is pressed, then transplants 2-4 bulb, earthing every 15-20cm or so in ditch, compacting sprinkles profoundly water, and keeps soil wet
Profit is born up to sprouting, rear periodically to carry out weeds removing and pouring.
5. a kind of construction method of compound group of ecological canal slope-protecting plant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that group
The first two years after the completion of building are fallen, more fine weeds need to be periodically carried out to Radix Ophiopogonis and two zone of window box oxalis and are removed, with
It is rapidly reached 100% convenient for two species population cover degrees, to reduce the interference of weeds, then annual slightly weeds are removed；And
Phalaris grass zone is seed broadcasting, current year cover degree i.e. reachable 100%, and Phalaris grass with extremely strong competitiveness, nothing during operation
It need to carry out weeds processing.
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| CN201811066883.0A CN109264867A (en) | 2018-09-13 | 2018-09-13 | A kind of construction method of the compound group of ecological canal slope-protecting plant |
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| CN201811066883.0A CN109264867A (en) | 2018-09-13 | 2018-09-13 | A kind of construction method of the compound group of ecological canal slope-protecting plant |
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2018
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100883897B1 (en) * | 2007-07-10 | 2009-02-17 | 주식회사 케이.씨 리버텍 | Plantation process on the surface of the concrete block intalled around the river side |
| CN102001752A (en) * | 2010-09-26 | 2011-04-06 | 江苏大学 | Method for building ecological interception ditch plant community by taking Phalaris canariensis as dominant species |
| US9315962B2 (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2016-04-19 | B. Lanka Santha | Fiber block planting system |
| CN105178269A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-12-23 | 广州市恒盛园林科技有限公司 | Low-maintenance durable landscape ecology ditch |
| CN206346161U (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-07-21 | 上海夕露环境科技有限公司 | Agricultural ecological escape canal with venetian blind type side plate planter units |
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Application publication date: 20190125 |