CN109090512A - 一种降血糖海带提取物 - Google Patents
一种降血糖海带提取物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种降血糖海带提取物，是由发酵的海带经过食用酒精提取、干燥、超微粉碎后，获得，制备方法简单、降血糖活性强，对α‑葡糖苷酶抑制活性的IC50值与糖尿病治疗药物阿卡波糖的IC50值相当，是提高海带高附加值利用的有效技术，提取物可直接作为辅助降血糖的健康食品、保健食品，也可作为原料与其它物质配合应用于辅助降血糖的健康食品、保健食品的生产，或作为进一步精制降血糖功效成分的原料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保健食品及海藻精深加工技术领域，具体的说是一种降血糖海带提取物。
背景技术
糖尿病是当今社会最高发疾病之一，且呈低龄化、广众化的趋势，糖尿病是与胰岛素产生和作用异常相关、以血糖增高为特征的慢性疾病，包括以胰岛素绝对缺乏为主的I型糖尿病(胰岛素依赖型)及以胰岛素相对缺乏或胰岛素抵抗为主的II型糖尿病(胰岛素非依赖型)两种类型，其中超过90%为II型糖尿病，因此，目前对于糖尿病的治疗研究主要集中在Ⅱ型糖尿病，主要采用降阻血糖的吸收来降低血糖水平，α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制模型是主要的降血糖研究模型，通过测定药物对其的抑制活性来评价其降血糖活性，α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂是比较成熟的治疗糖尿病药物，已广泛应用于临床，但随着化学药物的毒副作用逐渐被认识，人们开始从天然产物中寻找有效药源。海带是一种可食用的藻类，原产地为东北亚地区，目前中国是世界上最大的海带生产国，我国海带产量占到了世界产量的76%，达到4.86×106 吨，海带已成为我国沿海地区重要的海洋经济作物，作为人们日常生活的食品，并具有防治甲状腺疾病、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、降血糖、降血压、免疫调节等生物活性，是一种重要的保健药物和食品。为了充分利用海带资源，提高海带的经济价值和保健功效，我们利用发酵海带为原料，开展了从发酵海带中提取降血糖活性物质的方法，使发酵海带的降血糖活性得到显著提高，为利用海带开发高效降血糖功能食品和保健品提供了新的技术途径。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于以发酵海带为原料，所要解决的技术问题是克服上述现有技术的不足，所采用的技术方案是：一种降血糖海带提取物，其特征包括如下步骤：
（1）本发明所说的一种降血糖海带提取物，是以发酵海带为原料，利用食用酒精提取；
（2）本发明所说的一种降血糖海带提取物，是将发酵海带与食用酒精按照1:30-50的重量：体积比，混合均匀后，在40-60度下，提取2-4小时，再经5000-6000rpm离心20-30分钟，收集上清液，重复上述操作3次；
（3）本发明所说的一种降血糖海带提取物，是将步骤（2）中的上清液在旋转蒸发仪中30-50度下，蒸发至少量，移入蒸发皿中；
（4）本发明所说的一种降血糖海带提取物，是将步骤（3）中的蒸发皿放在真空干燥箱中30-50度下，将提取物烘干至恒重；
（5）本发明所说的一种降血糖海带提取物，是将步骤（4）中的恒重提取物用超微粉碎机粉碎，即获得降血糖海带提取物；
（6）本发明所说的一种降血糖海带提取物，是将步骤（5）中的海带提取物，用α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制模型测定其降血糖活性，检测结果本发明的海带提取物对α-葡糖苷酶抑制活性的IC50值为0.029-0.030 mg/ml，对照未发酵海带提取物对α-葡糖苷酶抑制活性的IC50值为0.300-0.440 mg/ml，糖尿病治疗药物阿卡波糖对α-葡糖苷酶抑制活性的IC50值为0.033-0.035 mg/ml；
本发明制备的降血糖海带提取物制备方法简单、降血糖活性强，对α-葡糖苷酶抑制活性的IC50值与糖尿病治疗药物阿卡波糖的IC50值相当，是提高海带高附加值利用的有效技术，提取物可直接作为辅助降血糖的健康食品、保健食品，也可作为原料与其它物质配合应用于辅助降血糖的健康食品、保健食品的生产，或作为进一步精制降血糖功效成分的原料。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明，但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中，凡依据本发明专利范围所做的均等变化与修饰，均属于本发明的涵盖范围。
实施例1：降血糖海带提取物的制备
（1）发酵海带10克与95%食用酒精500毫升，混合均匀，在60度下，提取4小时，再经6000rpm离心30分钟，收集上清液，重复上述操作3次；
（2）将上述的上清液在旋转蒸发仪中50度下，蒸发至少量，移入蒸发皿中；
（3）将蒸发皿放在真空干燥箱中50度下烘干，将提取物烘干至恒重；
（4）将恒重的提取物用超微粉碎机粉碎，即获得降血糖海带提取物。
实施例2：降血糖海带提取物的制备
（1）将发酵海带50克与95%食用酒精2升混合均匀，在50度下，提取4小时，再经6000rpm离心30分钟，收集上清液，重复上述操作3次；
（2）将上述的上清液在旋转蒸发仪中40度下，蒸发至少量，移入蒸发皿中；
（3）将蒸发皿放在真空干燥箱中40度下烘干，将提取物烘干至恒重；
（4）将恒重的提取物用超微粉碎机粉碎，即获得降血糖海带提取物超微粉。
实施例3：海带提取物的降血糖活性测定
（1）准确称取一定量的发酵海带提取物的超微粉，配制成1mg/ml的母液；
（2）准确称取一定量的阿卡波糖，配制成1mg/ml的母液；
（3）准确称取一定量的未海带提取物的超微粉，配制成10mg/ml的母液；
（4）将发酵海带提取物和阿卡波糖分别配制成0.02、0.05、0.08、0.11、0.14、0.17、0.20mg/ml的系列溶液；
（5）将未发酵海带提取物配制成0.2、0.5、0.8、1.1、1.4、1.7、2.0 mg/ml的系列溶液；
（6）按照α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制模型的实验方法，测定不同浓度的提取物或阿卡波糖对α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性的抑制率，建立浓度与抑制率之间的回归方程，计算获得提取物或阿卡波糖对α-葡糖苷酶抑制活性的IC50值，本发明发酵海带提取物对α-葡糖苷酶抑制活性的IC50值为0.029-0.030 mg/ml，对照未发酵海带提取物对α-葡糖苷酶抑制活性的IC50值为0.300-0.440 mg/ml，糖尿病治疗药物阿卡波糖对α-葡糖苷酶抑制活性的IC50值为0.033-0.035 mg/ml。
Claims (2)
1.一种降血糖海带提取物，其特征在于，发酵海带用食用酒精进行提取，提取物经烘干和超微粉碎后，即得具有降血糖活性的提取物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的提取物，经α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制模型测定降血糖活性，其对α-葡糖苷酶抑制活性的IC50值为0.029-0.030mg/ml，对照未发酵海带提取物对α-葡糖苷酶抑制活性的IC50值为0.300-0.440mg/ml，糖尿病治疗药物阿卡波糖对α-葡糖苷酶抑制活性的IC50值为0.033-0.035mg/ml。
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