CN109006220A - Method suitable for the plantation of S.plumbizincicola large area - Google Patents

Method suitable for the plantation of S.plumbizincicola large area Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109006220A
CN109006220A CN201810907149.6A CN201810907149A CN109006220A CN 109006220 A CN109006220 A CN 109006220A CN 201810907149 A CN201810907149 A CN 201810907149A CN 109006220 A CN109006220 A CN 109006220A
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plumbizincicola
soil
ridging
cuttage
ridge
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CN201810907149.6A
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CN109006220B (en
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秦华
刘代欢
邓林
常海伟
和君强
殷志遥
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Yonker Environmental Protection Co ltd
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HUNAN YONKER ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/10Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the methods for being suitable for the plantation of S.plumbizincicola large area, carry out rotary tillage before next year transplants, and carry out field ridging in late Febuary, cover mulch after herbicide spraying;Early March carries out S.plumbizincicola transplanting, in punching transplanting on mulch, carries out grass-cutting treatment to S.plumbizincicola, while cradling 3 ~ 5 cm of toothing mid-July, it is allowed to regrow;The cuttings that S.plumbizincicola after cradling is cut into 8 ~ 10 cm mono-, carries out cuttage, and set up sunshade above growing area, is harvested mid-November after being impregnated with acetyl salicylic acid solution.Using implantation methods of the invention, S.plumbizincicola survival rate up to 90% or more, two season breeding coefficient up to 40 times or more, weeds removal rate is controlled 60% or more.This method has the features such as easy to operate, small investment, effect are good, while also solving the problems, such as that S.plumbizincicola plants existing large area weeding, and cost greatly reduces, significantly improves its survival rate and biomass.

Description

Method suitable for the plantation of S.plumbizincicola large area
Technical field
The invention belongs to restoring heavy metal-polluted soil by plants planting technology field, it is related to being suitable for the plantation of S.plumbizincicola large area Method, and in particular to a kind of method of zinc Cd-hyperaccumulator S.plumbizincicola field large area plantation.
Background technique
S.plumbizincicola, is a kind of Heavy Metal Tolerance and super enriching plant of China's discovery, and happiness is born in rich in Pb, Zn mine Area, perennial meat draft.The breeding of S.plumbizincicola mainly has seminal propagation, tissue cultures and stem/leaf cuttage, but S.plumbizincicola Seed it is minimum, and seminal propagation needs special weather conditions, nutritional condition and the method for abolishing seed dormancy, so raw Seed is difficult to be utilized in production to be bred;And tissue culture propagating is since technology is overripened, tissue culture cost is excessively high, the period is long, Also in the laboratory research stage.The upper main method for using stem/leaf cuttage of production at present, Nanjing soil institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences is in cloud Nan Lanping has carried out the breeding of hundreds of mu of S.plumbizincicola, but exists and breed that at high cost, distance is remote, traffic and management inconvenience etc. are asked Topic.Since southern region of China summer high temperature is rainy, winter low temperature is short of rain, cause S.plumbizincicola plantation survival rate low, breeding potential It is bad, field management is at high cost, Weeds distribution is difficult etc. therefore various problems seek a kind of suitable S.plumbizincicola south Field large area plants and makes S.plumbizincicola breeding fast, and survival rate height, method at low cost, are the technologies for needing urgently to solve Problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods suitable for the plantation of S.plumbizincicola large area, to solve existing companion Mine red-spotted stonecrop plants the problems such as breeding coefficient is low, biological yield is not high, weeds remove difficulty.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, technical scheme is as follows:
Suitable for the method for S.plumbizincicola large area plantation, include the following steps:
(1) site preparation: the soil of first object planting area was carried out ploughing deeply before the winter it is cultivated, preferably early winter autumn Mo it is freeze-up before, Before next year ridging, rotary tillage is carried out, and cooperates artificial rake real, uses sufficient base fertilizer, is watered with pre-sowing water, the month in next year 1-2 carries out ridging, then In covering mulch on ridge;
(2) transplant: the month in next year 3-4, preferably early March, the S.plumbizincicola seedling for selecting growing way vigorous move in punching on mulch It plants;
(3) it field management: after the completion of transplanting, is watered according to soil moisture content in furrow;In S.plumbizincicola growth course, according to The growing way situation of weeds carries out artificial weeding;
(4) the current year 6-8 month, generally July, preferably mid-July are transplanted, grass-cutting treatment is carried out to S.plumbizincicola, is cradled simultaneously 3 ~ 5 cm of toothing allows its continued growth to breed;
The cuttings that the fresh sample of the S.plumbizincicola for cradling acquisition is cut into 8 ~ 10 cm mono-, with acetyl salicylic acid solution to cuttings into Row immersion treatment;
(5) cuttage: to the soil progress site preparation of the second target planting area, ridging and in overlay film on ridge, after cradling in 2-3 days Cuttings after punching immersion treatment described in cuttage on mulch, and sunshade is set up above planting area, in transplanting current year 11 The moon is harvested.
Further, in step (1), deep ploughed depth is 15 ~ 20 cm before the winter, and rotary tillage depth is 5 ~ 8 cm, rotation before transplanting Ploughing number is 3 ~ 4 times, guarantees soils particles size percent content in 0.5-1.5cm.Deep ploughed depth be 15-20cm, can with loose arable layer, Break soil surface knot layer, increases soil permeability;Rotary tillage 5-8cm can smash topsoil particle, make soil and with mine scape Its compacted mass, while ridging can be convenient for smooth earth's surface.
Further, in step (1), base fertilizer amount of application is 80-120 pounds/acre, preferably 90-110 pounds/acre, it is preferable that The base fertilizer is compound fertilizer;Irrigation amount is the 70% ~ 80% of field capacity.Preferably, N, P in the compound fertilizer2O5、K2O's contains Amount is not less than 15wt%.
Further, in step (1), after ridging, then first herbicide spraying covers mulch, preferably black on ridge Mulch.
In the present invention, herbicide spraying can close weeding before overlay film, inhibit or kill the weeds sprouted;And by covering Lid mulch may make ground weeds to be difficult to grow because of illumination deficiency.Weeds clump can be more prevented with the use of herbicide before overlay film It is raw, the occupied labour of weeding and financial resources can be subtracted.
Further, the herbicide be glyphosate, the amount of spraying be 200 ~ 300ml/ mus, generally 220-280 ml/ mus, Preferably 240-260 ml/ mus.
Further, ridging width is 60 ~ 80 cm, and ridging height is 15 ~ 20 cm, and the spacing on ridge and ridge is 10 ~ 15 cm.In this way, on the other hand one side is convenient for covering mulch, film can be made to be close to ground convenient for artificial transplanting and rainy season draining, It is compacted ground, inhibits weed growth.
Further, transplanting or punching diameter is 4 ~ 5 cm when cuttage, cuttage depth are 3 ~ 5 cm, every 3 ~ 4 row of ridge cuttage, Line space is 15 ~ 20 cm, in this way, taking root convenient for S.plumbizincicola underground and growth and breeding around.
Further, in step (4), the concentration of acetyl salicylic acid solution is 50 ~ 200 mg/kg, preferably 80 ~ 160 Mg/kg, soaking time are 2 ~ 4h.
Further, sunshade is simple bamboo frame sunshade.
As one embodiment of the present invention, the soil of target planting area is heavy metal cadmium contaminated soil.It can be by this The method of invention directly applies to heavy metal cadmium soil to be repaired, and initial stage only transplants in certain block region of cadmium pollution soil S.plumbizincicola, after the later period to be cradled to the fresh sample processing of acquisition cuttage in the area to be repaired for not planting S.plumbizincicola, realize it is low at This reparation.
As another embodiment of the invention, the soil of target planting area, which is that quality is fertile, topography is higher, to be easy to The sand loam soil of draining.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
(1) on the one hand the present invention can ensure that at S.plumbizincicola plantation by the way of covering with ground sheeting and setting up sun-proof sunshade net The soil moisture and humidity needed for it grows early period, accelerate the growing process of seedling, are conducive to the growth of its biomass;It is another Aspect can greatly reduce artificial weeding bring cost with the growth of the control weeds of large area.
(2) present invention directlyed adopt in S.plumbizincicola cuttage the first season cradle after cuttings, and the first season cradle after remain Under stubble again can continued growth breeding, not only easy to operation in this way, small investment, and improve breeding coefficient, line of breeding Number is up to 55 times or more.
(3) the heading acetyl salicylic acid solution immersion treatment after the present invention cradles the first season in S.plumbizincicola cuttage Cuttage afterwards, promote heading can Rapid Rooting in the soil, the survival rate of seedling is improved, up to 90% or more.
(4) method of the invention had both solved the problems, such as S.plumbizincicola safe production in summer, while also overcoming field large area The difficulty of weeding has the characteristics that easy to operate, small investment, effect are good, is southern region of China S.plumbizincicola field large area Plantation provides new technology.
On the one hand, since southern area summer temp is excessively high, S.plumbizincicola is difficult to survive, can be with by setting up sunshade net Play the role of shading, cooling, moisturizing, keep off the rain, to solve the problems, such as that S.plumbizincicola summer is difficult to breed;On the other hand, The solution of weed problem can greatly improve the yield and quality of S.plumbizincicola, provide more seedlings for later period breeding; Therefore the solution of large area of the invention plantation realized while having benefited from breeding problem and weed problem.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of method of S.plumbizincicola field large area plantation, specifically comprises the following steps
(1) selection of land site preparation: this test was carried out in 2016 in Zhuzhou Zhuzhou County fallow ground experimental plot, selection on November 18 Quality is fertile, and the higher sand loam soil field for being easy to drain of topography ploughs deeply cultivated 20cm and carries out 4 rotary tillages before next year transplanting, revolves Tilling depth degree is 8 cm, applies 100 kilograms of compound fertilizers (N, P per acre2O5、K2O is 15wt%), leveling rake is real, it is watered with pre-sowing water, 2 Month progresss field ridging on the 20th, ridging width are 80 cm, and ridging height is 20 cm, and the spacing on ridge and ridge is 10 cm, spray and remove Mulch is covered after careless agent;
(2) transplant: March 10, in punching transplanting on film, bore dia is 5 cm, and cuttage depth is 4 cm, every 4 row of ridge, ridge uplink Spacing is 15 cm, after the completion of transplanting, is watered in right amount according to soil moisture content in furrow, in S.plumbizincicola growth course, according to The growing way situation of weeds carries out artificial weeding appropriate, July 18 carried out grass-cutting treatment to S.plumbizincicola, while cradling toothing 5 Cm allows its continued growth to breed;
(3) the fresh sample of the S.plumbizincicola after cradling: being cut into 10 cm mono- cuttings by the processing of the S.plumbizincicola after cradling, and It carries out impregnating 2 h with the acetyl salicylic acid solution that concentration is 200 mg/kg, promotes cuttings Rapid Rooting.
(4) cuttage: progress on July 15 cutting propagation selects field site preparation and transplants unanimously for the first time, and carries out ridging, sprays Overlay film after herbicide by the S.plumbizincicola heading after immersion in punching cuttage on mulch, and sets up simple bamboo above growing area Frame sunshade net pays attention to being watered in right amount according to soil moisture content in furrow, in S.plumbizincicola growth course, according to miscellaneous in breeding time The growing way situation of grass carries out artificial weeding, harvests November 14.
Through calculating, the survival rate of S.plumbizincicola is 90% in this, and breeding coefficient reaches 45 times, and weeds removal rate is 65%.
Embodiment 2
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a kind of method of S.plumbizincicola field large area plantation is specifically included as follows Step
(1) selection of land site preparation: this test was carried out in 2017 in the town Li- ling city Jun Chu fallow ground experimental plot, selection on November 16 Quality is fertile, and the higher sand loam soil field for being easy to drain of topography ploughs deeply cultivated 15 cm and carries out 3 rotary tillages before next year transplanting, revolves Tilling depth degree is 5 cm, applies 100 kilograms of compound fertilizers (N, P per acre2O5、K2O is that 15%), leveling rake is real, is watered with pre-sowing water, and 2 months Progress field ridging on the 25th, ridging width are 60 cm, and ridging height is 15 cm, and the spacing on ridge and ridge is 15 cm, sprays weeding Mulch is covered after agent;
(2) transplant: March 5, in punching transplanting on film, bore dia is 5 cm, and cuttage depth is 3 cm, every 3 row of ridge, ridge uplink Spacing is 15 cm, after the completion of transplanting, is watered in right amount according to soil moisture content in furrow, in S.plumbizincicola growth course, according to The growing way situation of weeds carries out artificial weeding appropriate, July 16 carried out grass-cutting treatment to S.plumbizincicola, while cradling toothing 3 Cm allows its continued growth to breed;
(3) processing of the S.plumbizincicola after cradling: the fresh sample of the S.plumbizincicola after cradling is cut into 8 cm mono- cuttings, is used in combination Concentration is that the acetyl salicylic acid solution of 100 mg/kg carries out impregnating 4 h, promotes cuttings Rapid Rooting;
(4) cuttage: progress on July 18 cutting propagation selects field site preparation and transplants unanimously for the first time, and carries out ridging, sprays weeding Overlay film after agent by the S.plumbizincicola heading after immersion in punching cuttage on mulch, and sets up simple bamboo frame screening in growing area above Screened postive pays attention to being watered in right amount according to soil moisture content in furrow, in S.plumbizincicola growth course, according to weeds in breeding time Growing way situation carries out artificial weeding, harvests November 10.
Through calculating, the survival rate of S.plumbizincicola is 94% in this, and breeding coefficient reaches 57 times, and weeds removal rate is 72%.
The content that above-described embodiment illustrates should be understood as that these embodiments are only used for being illustrated more clearly that the present invention, without For limiting the scope of the invention, after the present invention has been read, those skilled in the art are to various equivalent forms of the invention Modification each fall within the application range as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. being suitable for the method for S.plumbizincicola large area plantation, which comprises the steps of:
(1) site preparation: carrying out ploughing deeply before the winter cultivated to the soil of first object planting area, before next year ridging, carries out rotary tillage, and matches It is real to close artificial rake, uses sufficient base fertilizer, is watered with pre-sowing water, month in next year 1-2 progress ridging, then in covering mulch on ridge;
(2) transplant: the month in next year 3-4, preferably early March, the S.plumbizincicola seedling for selecting growing way vigorous move in punching on mulch It plants;
(3) it field management: after the completion of transplanting, is watered according to soil moisture content in furrow;In S.plumbizincicola growth course, according to The growing way situation of weeds carries out artificial weeding;
(4) the current year 6-8 month, generally July, preferably mid-July are transplanted, grass-cutting treatment is carried out to S.plumbizincicola, is cradled simultaneously 3 ~ 5 cm of toothing allows its continued growth to breed;
The cuttings that the fresh sample of the S.plumbizincicola for cradling acquisition is cut into 8 ~ 10 cm mono-, with acetyl salicylic acid solution to cuttings into Row immersion treatment;
(5) cuttage: to the soil progress site preparation of the second target planting area, ridging and in overlay film on ridge, after cradling in 2-3 days Cuttings after punching immersion treatment described in cuttage on mulch, and sunshade is set up above planting area, in transplanting current year 11 The moon is harvested.
2. deep ploughed depth is 15 ~ 20 cm before the winter the method according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), Rotary tillage depth is 5 ~ 8 cm before transplanting, and rotary tillage number is 3 ~ 4 times, guarantees soils particles size percent content in 0.5-1.5cm.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein base fertilizer amount of application is 80-120 pounds/acre, excellent in step (1) It is selected as 90-110 pounds/acre, it is preferable that the base fertilizer is compound fertilizer;Irrigation amount is the 70% ~ 80% of field capacity.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein after ridging, then first herbicide spraying exists in step (1) Mulch is covered on ridge.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the herbicide be glyphosate, the amount of spraying be 200 ~ 300ml/ mus.
6. method according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that ridging width is 60 ~ 80 cm, ridging height For 15 ~ 20 cm, the spacing on ridge and ridge is 10 ~ 15 cm.
7. method according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that punching diameter is 4 ~ 5 when transplanting or cuttage Cm, cuttage depth are 3 ~ 5 cm, and every 3 ~ 4 row of ridge cuttage, line space is 15 ~ 20 cm.
8. method according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that in step (4), acetyl salicylic acid solution it is dense Degree is 50 ~ 200 mg/kg, and soaking time is 2 ~ 4h.
9. method according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that the soil of target planting area is heavy metal cadmium Contaminated soil.
10. method according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that the soil of target planting area is quality fertilizer It irrigates, topography is higher and is easy to the sand loam soil of draining.
CN201810907149.6A 2018-08-10 2018-08-10 Method suitable for large-area planting of Sedum plumbizincicola Active CN109006220B (en)

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CN110651688A (en) * 2019-11-07 2020-01-07 湖南省农业环境生态研究所 Seedling culture substrate for culturing sedum plumbizincicola with low cadmium content and seedling culture method thereof
CN110899326A (en) * 2019-12-27 2020-03-24 宁土建工(苏州)环境修复科技有限公司 Method for realizing ecological restoration of cultivated land by utilizing zonal intercropping of oil sunflower and Sedum plumbizincicola
CN112845575A (en) * 2021-01-07 2021-05-28 山东农业大学 Method for repairing cadmium-zinc polluted wheat farmland Sedum plumbizincicola stripe intercropping and fertilizer regulation
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109452012A (en) * 2018-12-24 2019-03-12 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 A kind of cultivation management method of citron
CN110651688A (en) * 2019-11-07 2020-01-07 湖南省农业环境生态研究所 Seedling culture substrate for culturing sedum plumbizincicola with low cadmium content and seedling culture method thereof
CN110651688B (en) * 2019-11-07 2022-04-08 湖南省农业环境生态研究所 Seedling culture substrate for culturing sedum plumbizincicola with low cadmium content and seedling culture method thereof
CN110899326A (en) * 2019-12-27 2020-03-24 宁土建工(苏州)环境修复科技有限公司 Method for realizing ecological restoration of cultivated land by utilizing zonal intercropping of oil sunflower and Sedum plumbizincicola
CN112845575A (en) * 2021-01-07 2021-05-28 山东农业大学 Method for repairing cadmium-zinc polluted wheat farmland Sedum plumbizincicola stripe intercropping and fertilizer regulation
CN115119566A (en) * 2022-07-04 2022-09-30 江苏萤火虫环境科技有限公司 Method for absorbing and accumulating Cd in heavy metal polluted farmland by sedum plumbizincicola under photovoltaic power generation facility and raising and protecting seedlings

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