CN108967101A - A kind of planting type for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle - Google Patents
A kind of planting type for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle Download PDFInfo
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- CN108967101A CN108967101A CN201810765814.2A CN201810765814A CN108967101A CN 108967101 A CN108967101 A CN 108967101A CN 201810765814 A CN201810765814 A CN 201810765814A CN 108967101 A CN108967101 A CN 108967101A
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- peanut
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- continuous cropping
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of planting types for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle, and steps are as follows for planting type: a. selects peanut continuous cropping 5 years or more plot first；B. not real tillage, winter slack after peanut are harvested, applies fertilizer, turn over before next year peanut seeding, then rotary tillage 2 times, overlay film after peanut seeding obtains no-tillage (MG) peanut cultivation mode before the winter；C. harvesting peanut followed by turned over, winter slack, before next year peanut seeding fertilising, rotary tillage 2 times, overlay film after peanut seeding obtains turning over (FG) peanut cultivation mode before the winter.Peanut cultivation mode of the invention, which is comprehensively compared, can be seen that the regulation of Peanut continuous cropping nutrient growth, yield and quality, under mulching plastic film condition, winter crop green manuring and turned over before the winter compared with before the winter it is no-tillage can promote in various degree Peanut continuous cropping nutrient growth, increase leaf area index, peanut pod yield and seed benevolence yield are significantly improved, was wherein turned over before the winter best in conjunction with winter crop green manuring effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technical field of peanut cultivation, specially a kind of planting type for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle.
Background technique
Peanut is the important oil crops and industrial crops in China, and peanut is drought-enduring resistance to lean crop, hills poor rainfed land again
It is the concentration producing region of China's peanut, is harvested for one time each year the main planting patterns that Spring Peanut many years continuous cropping is area's peanut production.Peanut
It is the crop intolerant to continuous cropping, long-term Peanut continuous cropping growth and development is obstructed, pest and disease damage aggravates, plant early ageing is serious, yield and quality
Decline is obvious.Forefathers, which study discovery, can effectively facilitate the growth and development of crop using reasonable planting type, alleviate continuous cropping obstacle.
Mulch overlay film can improve the physiological properties such as Peanut continuous cropping photosynthetic performance, nitrogen metabolism enzyme, increase dry-matter accumulation amount, and then improve pod
Fruit yield improves seed quality.The soil water storage ability that can improve is turned over, enhances soil permeability, improves the growth conditions of root system,
And enhancing soil fertility, dramatically increase Pod Yield.Forefathers stablize peanut yield and have done correlation for peanut continuous cropping obstacle is alleviated
Research, but focus mostly in overlay film, the plantation single technologies such as preceding crop and soil cultivation, and about under mulching plastic film condition, in conjunction with not
The research for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle is rarely reported with planting type.This test under the Peanut continuous cropping mulching plastic film condition of crop field, with
(MG) no-tillage before the general planting winter is control, turns over (FG) and 2 kinds of planting types of winter crop green manuring (YQ) before the winter is arranged, and is explored
The planting type of Peanut continuous cropping high and stable yields.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of planting types for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle, solve institute in background technique
The problem of proposition.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: it is a kind of alleviate peanut continuous cropping obstacle planting type,
Steps are as follows for planting type:
A. selection peanut continuous cropping 5 years or more plot first；
B. ripe major peanut kind is peanut seeding material in selecting, and planting density is 150000 caves/hm2Left and right, every bunch planting
Two；
C. after harvesting peanut, real tillage, winter slack, do not apply fertilizer before next year peanut seeding, turn over, then rotary tillage 2 times, flower
Raw after planting overlay film, obtains no-tillage (MG) peanut cultivation mode before the winter；
D. harvesting peanut followed by turned over, winter slack, before next year peanut seeding fertilising, rotary tillage 2 times, after peanut seeding
Overlay film obtains turning over (FG) peanut cultivation mode before the winter；
E. harvest peanut followed by turn over, rotary tillage 2 times, sowing wheat, wheat stalk is crushed to wheat grain filling initial stage and is pressed
Green returning to the field applies fertilizer, turns over, rotary tillage 2 times, and overlay film after peanut seeding obtains winter crop green manuring (YQ) peanut cultivation mode.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, the field that the planting site of the peanut is peanut continuous cropping 5 years or more,
Soil is sandy loam.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, the peanut varieties be in ripe major peanut kind.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, the soil harvesting peanut is followed by turned over.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, the planting type peanut seeding Qian Jishi compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-
K2O 15-15-10)600kg/hm2。
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, the overwintering green manuring crop be wheat, wheat returning to the field amount be 5.5 ×
104kg/hm2。
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, the soil fertility in the plantation soil is the content of organic matter
13.98g/kg, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content 73.52mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus and available potassium are respectively 49.17 and 68.74mg/kg.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
A kind of planting type for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle of the present invention, peanut cultivation mode of the invention are comprehensively compared to even
Make peanut nutrition growth, the regulation of yield and quality can be seen that under mulching plastic film condition, winter crop green manuring and turned over before the winter compared with the winter
It is preceding it is no-tillage can promote in various degree Peanut continuous cropping nutrient growth, increase leaf area index, significantly improve peanut pod yield with
Seed benevolence yield was wherein turned over before the winter best in conjunction with winter crop green manuring effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other feature of the invention,
Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon:
Fig. 1 is a kind of experimental design table for the planting type for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that different planting of the present invention is high to Peanut continuous cropping stem, side shoot is long and the influence table of leaf area index；
Fig. 3 is influence table of the different planting of the present invention to Peanut continuous cropping Yield and yield components；
Fig. 4 is influence table of the different planting of the present invention to Peanut continuous cropping seed quality character.
Specific embodiment
To be easy to understand the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention, below with reference to
Specific embodiment, the present invention is further explained.
Preferably, Fig. 1-4 is please referred to, the present invention provides a kind of technical solution: a kind of cultivation for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle
Mode, steps are as follows for planting type:
A. selection peanut continuous cropping 5 years or more plot first；
B. ripe major peanut kind is peanut seeding material in selecting, and planting density is 150000 caves/hm2Left and right, every bunch planting
Two；
C. after harvesting peanut, real tillage, winter slack, do not apply fertilizer before next year peanut seeding, turn over, then rotary tillage 2 times, flower
Raw after planting overlay film, obtains no-tillage (MG) peanut cultivation mode before the winter；
D. harvesting peanut followed by turned over, winter slack, before next year peanut seeding fertilising, rotary tillage 2 times, after peanut seeding
Overlay film obtains turning over (FG) peanut cultivation mode before the winter；
E. harvest peanut followed by turn over, rotary tillage 2 times, sowing wheat, wheat stalk is crushed to wheat grain filling initial stage and is pressed
Green returning to the field applies fertilizer, turns over, rotary tillage 2 times, and overlay film after peanut seeding obtains winter crop green manuring (YQ) peanut cultivation mode.
Preferably, the field that the planting site of the peanut is peanut continuous cropping 5 years or more, soil is sandy loam.
Preferably, the peanut varieties be in ripe major peanut kind.
Preferably, the soil harvesting peanut is followed by turned over.
Preferably, the planting type peanut seeding Qian Jishi compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O 15-15-10)600kg/hm2。
Preferably, the overwintering green manuring crop is wheat, and wheat returning to the field amount is 5.5 × 104kg/hm2。
Preferably, the soil fertility in the plantation soil is content of organic matter 13.98g/kg, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content 73.52mg/
Kg, rapid available phosphorus and available potassium are respectively 49.17 and 68.74mg/kg.
Embodiment 1
The planting type for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle, steps are as follows for planting type:
A. selection peanut continuous cropping 5 years or more plot first；
B. ripe major peanut kind is peanut seeding material in selecting, and planting density is 150000 caves/hm2Left and right, every bunch planting
Two；
C. after harvesting peanut, real tillage, winter slack, do not apply fertilizer before next year peanut seeding, turn over, then rotary tillage 2 times, flower
Raw after planting overlay film, obtains no-tillage (MG) peanut cultivation mode before the winter；
D. harvesting peanut followed by turned over, winter slack, before next year peanut seeding fertilising, rotary tillage 2 times, after peanut seeding
Overlay film obtains turning over (FG) peanut cultivation mode before the winter；
E. harvest peanut followed by turn over, rotary tillage 2 times, sowing wheat, wheat stalk is crushed to wheat grain filling initial stage and is pressed
Green returning to the field applies fertilizer, turns over, rotary tillage 2 times, and overlay film after peanut seeding obtains winter crop green manuring (YQ) peanut cultivation mode.
In the present embodiment as shown in Figure 2, compared with MG processing, YQ and FG processing promote different growth stage plant master
Long 2 annuals of the growth of stem and side shoot, stem height and side shoot improve 12.69%, 9.52% and 15.81%, 10.18%；At YQ
The long highest of stem height and side shoot of floricome phase and fruiting period are managed, fruiting period of satisfying and harvest time then handle highest with FG；Show overlay film item
Under part, winter crop green manuring and the no-tillage inhibiting effect that can be relieved continuous cropping and grow to peanut nutrition compared with before the winter was turned over before the winter, and
It gives birth to and is acted on obviously with winter crop green manuring early period, turned over before the winter then significant in late growth stage effect；Leaf area index can reflect
The upgrowth situation of crop leaf and utilization power to luminous energy, YQ processing significantly improve the leaf of Peanut continuous cropping different growth stage
Area index, compared with MG, 2 annuals increase by 24.48%；FG, which is handled, dramatically increases fruiting period and full fruiting period leaf area index, and 2
Annual increases by 20.52% (Fig. 2)；Illustrate under mulching plastic film condition, winter crop green manuring and turning over before the winter no-tillage compared with before the winter can make
Peanut continuous cropping maintains higher leaf area, lays a good foundation for photosynthate formation.
Embodiment 2
The planting type for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle, steps are as follows for planting type:
A. selection peanut continuous cropping 5 years or more plot first；
B. ripe major peanut kind is peanut seeding material in selecting, and planting density is 150000 caves/hm2Left and right, every bunch planting
Two；
C. after harvesting peanut, real tillage, winter slack, do not apply fertilizer before next year peanut seeding, turn over, then rotary tillage 2 times, flower
Raw after planting overlay film, obtains no-tillage (MG) peanut cultivation mode before the winter；
D. harvesting peanut followed by turned over, winter slack, before next year peanut seeding fertilising, rotary tillage 2 times, after peanut seeding
Overlay film obtains turning over (FG) peanut cultivation mode before the winter；
E. harvest peanut followed by turn over, rotary tillage 2 times, sowing wheat, wheat stalk is crushed to wheat grain filling initial stage and is pressed
Green returning to the field applies fertilizer, turns over, rotary tillage 2 times, and overlay film after peanut seeding obtains winter crop green manuring (YQ) peanut cultivation mode.
In the present embodiment as seen from Figure 3, planting type influences Peanut continuous cropping Yield and yield components significant,
Pod Yield and seed benevolence yield two show as YQ > FG > MG every year；Compared with MG processing, YQ and FG are handled Pod Yield 2 years and are put down
Increasing by 14.83% and 8.30%, 2 annual of seed benevolence yield increases by 16.21% and 5.22%, in terms of yield component,
Reason of yield increased is mainly the per plant number and kernel percent for increasing peanut, reduces kilogram fruit number (increasing fruit weight).
Embodiment 3
The planting type for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle, steps are as follows for planting type:
A. selection peanut continuous cropping 5 years or more plot first；
B. ripe major peanut kind is peanut seeding material in selecting, and planting density is 150000 caves/hm2Left and right, every bunch planting
Two；
C. after harvesting peanut, real tillage, winter slack, do not apply fertilizer before next year peanut seeding, turn over, then rotary tillage 2 times, flower
Raw after planting overlay film, obtains no-tillage (MG) peanut cultivation mode before the winter；
D. harvesting peanut followed by turned over, winter slack, before next year peanut seeding fertilising, rotary tillage 2 times, after peanut seeding
Overlay film obtains turning over (FG) peanut cultivation mode before the winter；
E. harvest peanut followed by turn over, rotary tillage 2 times, sowing wheat, wheat stalk is crushed to wheat grain filling initial stage and is pressed
Green returning to the field applies fertilizer, turns over, rotary tillage 2 times, and overlay film after peanut seeding obtains winter crop green manuring (YQ) peanut cultivation mode.
Fig. 4 can be seen that under mulching plastic film condition in the present embodiment, compared with no-tillage before the winter, winter crop green manuring and turn over before the winter
Plough and significantly increase seed benevolence crude fat and protein content, reduce soluble sugar content (Fig. 4), illustrate winter crop green manuring and
The no-tillage conversion that can promote sugar to fat and protein compared with before the winter was turned over before winter, to improve protein and fat content；Peanut
Seed benevolence O/L ratio two shows as YQ > FG > MG every year；As it can be seen that under mulching plastic film condition, winter crop green manuring and turned over before the winter compared with the winter
It is preceding no-tillage to improve Peanut continuous cropping seed quality.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiments being understood that.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of planting type for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle, it is characterised in that: steps are as follows for planting type:
A. selection peanut continuous cropping 5 years or more plot first；
B. ripe major peanut kind is peanut seeding material in selecting, and planting density is 150000 caves/hm2Left and right, every bunch planting two；
C. after harvesting peanut, real tillage, winter slack, do not apply fertilizer before next year peanut seeding, turn over, then rotary tillage 2 times, and peanut is broadcast
Overlay film after kind, obtains no-tillage (MG) peanut cultivation mode before the winter；
D. harvesting peanut followed by turned over, winter slack, before next year peanut seeding fertilising, rotary tillage 2 times, covered after peanut seeding
Film obtains turning over (FG) peanut cultivation mode before the winter；
E. harvest peanut followed by turn over, rotary tillage 2 times, sowing wheat, wheat stalk is crushed into green manuring also to wheat grain filling initial stage
Field applies fertilizer, turns over, rotary tillage 2 times, and overlay film after peanut seeding obtains winter crop green manuring (YQ) peanut cultivation mode.
2. a kind of planting type for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the peanut
The field that planting site is peanut continuous cropping 5 years or more, soil is sandy loam.
3. a kind of planting type for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the peanut
Kind should select in ripe major peanut kind.
4. a kind of planting type for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the soil flower
Raw harvest is followed by turned over.
5. a kind of planting type for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cultivation side
Formula peanut seeding Qian Jishi compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O 15-15-10)600kg/hm2。
6. a kind of planting type for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the overwintering pressure
Green crop is wheat, and wheat returning to the field amount is 5.5 × 104kg/hm2。
7. a kind of planting type for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the planting soil
The soil fertility on ground is that content of organic matter 13.98g/kg, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content 73.52mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus and available potassium are respectively
49.17 and 68.74mg/kg.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810765814.2A CN108967101A (en) | 2018-07-12 | 2018-07-12 | A kind of planting type for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle |
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| CN201810765814.2A CN108967101A (en) | 2018-07-12 | 2018-07-12 | A kind of planting type for alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacle |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110558191A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-13 | 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | method for removing peanut continuous cropping obstacle through combined green pressing of rape and onion |
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| CN107371733A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-11-24 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Make crop rotation high-efficient planting patterns between a kind of mild or moderate sulfate alkaline land cotton peanut |
| CN107836314A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-27 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts method for releasing continuous cropping obstacle |
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2018
- 2018-07-12 CN CN201810765814.2A patent/CN108967101A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107371733A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-11-24 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Make crop rotation high-efficient planting patterns between a kind of mild or moderate sulfate alkaline land cotton peanut |
| CN107836314A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-27 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts method for releasing continuous cropping obstacle |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110558191A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-13 | 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | method for removing peanut continuous cropping obstacle through combined green pressing of rape and onion |
| CN110558191B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-03-23 | 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | Method for removing peanut continuous cropping obstacle through combined green pressing of rape and onion |
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Application publication date: 20181211 |