CN108967097A - A kind of Chinese yam and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom share matrix interplanting method - Google Patents
A kind of Chinese yam and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom share matrix interplanting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108967097A CN108967097A CN201811045884.7A CN201811045884A CN108967097A CN 108967097 A CN108967097 A CN 108967097A CN 201811045884 A CN201811045884 A CN 201811045884A CN 108967097 A CN108967097 A CN 108967097A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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Abstract
The present invention relates to Japanese red pine young pilose antlers and Chinese yam planting technology field, and in particular to a kind of Chinese yam and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom share matrix interplanting method, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included: sharing matrix Step 1: preparing；Step 2: building heap, broadcasting strain；Step 3: earthing plus covering；Step 4: the management of bacteria developing period and fruit-body formation phase；Step 5: interplanting Chinese yam；Step 6: field management；It is fine and soft using Chinese yam garden interplanting Japanese red pine, the output value is improved to 5000 yuan per acre, planting Chinese yam is alleviated simultaneously and cultivates the contradiction that Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom strives field, is established the three-dimensional planting mode of " bacterium-Chinese yam-rice ", is promoted growth of agricultural efficiency, increasing peasant income, obtain good ecological benefits and economic benefit, Chinese yam interplants Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom planting type mostly based on the cultivation of outdoor raw material garden farming, does not need special installation, simple cultivation, and manageability, it cultivates at low cost, good in economic efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Japanese red pine young pilose antler and Chinese yam planting technology field, it is specifically related to a kind of Chinese yam and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom shares base
Matter interplanting method.
Background technique
Japanese red pine young pilose antler is to be grown in Japanese Red Pine Forest usage tree root, and a kind of wild edible fungus with tree root symbiosis is commonly called as matsutake, Trichotoma matsutake
Needle matsutake belongs to one kind of Basidiomycotina Hymenomycetes Holobasidiomycetidae Agaricales Tricholomataceae Tricholoma.The characteristics of matsutake
It is that fructification colonizes on pine roots, and the humus layer of surrounding forms mycelia net.Matsutake mycelia is generally below litter
It is movable in 3-5 centimetres of depths soil, and enter in the radicula of pine tree that symbiosis forms exotrophic mycorrhiza therewith, Japanese red pine is fine and soft, also known as wrinkle ring
The red Stropharia rugoso-annulata of lid mushroom, wine is commonly called as kidney-nourishing mushroom, big legs mushroom, and artificial culture success, starts to promote and apply in recent years, mushroom system joint
One of ten big kinds on the new mushroom species that food and agricultural organization of state is recommended to developing country, and international mushroom class trade market.Its
Greatly, beautiful in colour, fine and tender taste, lid sliding handle is crisp, and faint scent is palatable, has the characteristics that color is beautiful, delicious, soft, sharp and clear, in good taste.
Chinese yam also known as Chinese yam rhizome are Chinese yams into the name of an article.For the root tuber of Dioscoreaceae herbaceos perennial Chinese yam, winter excavation has
Good medical value.
The place rare for cultivated area, especially hilly country, traditional Chinese yam or Japanese red pine young pilose antler can only be ploughed same
On the ground can only single cropping, the output value on single mu of ground is low, and Japanese red pine young pilose antler was in introductions Dehua County in 2016, currently, Dehua County popularization field
Gardenization cultivates Japanese red pine young pilose antler 20hm, and every 666.7 ㎡ (per acre) output value is more than 3000 yuan, if can interplant other in plantation Japanese red pine young pilose antler
The crop of mid-term plantation, will greatly improve the output value, be increasing peasant income, obtain good ecological benefits and economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of Chinese yams and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom to share matrix interplanting method, utilizes Huaihe River
Japanese red pine young pilose antler is interplanted in mountain garden, improves the output value per acre, while being alleviated planting Chinese yam and being cultivated the contradiction that Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom strives field, is established
The three-dimensional planting mode of " bacterium-Chinese yam-rice ", promotes growth of agricultural efficiency, increasing peasant income, obtains good ecological benefits and warp
Ji benefit, to solve the problems, such as to propose in background technique.
In order to solve the above technical problems, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of Chinese yam and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom share base
Matter interplanting method, comprising the following steps:
Share matrix Step 1: preparing: farming raw material mixes in proportion after drying, and adds water；
Step 2: building heap, broadcasting strain: site preparation is carried out to the ground in field and plays furrow, furrow on one side it is high, while low, in slope surface
It is put into shallow raw slot, shallow raw slot extends along slope surface, and high one section of shallow raw slot is for planting Chinese yam, low one section for planting Japanese red pine
Shared matrix is covered in above shallow slot to form hypothallus by fine and soft mushroom, hypothallus with a thickness of 20~25 centimetres, strain is sowed at
In hypothallus；
Step 3: earthing plus covering: carrying out earthing above hypothallus, native with a thickness of 2-4 centimetres, earthing finishes
Afterwards, covering is added in furrow face；
Step 4: the management of bacteria developing period and fruit-body formation phase: regulating and controlling temperature and humidity, Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom fruiting stage are suitable for
Relative humidity is 90%~95%, and preference temperature is 12~28 DEG C；
Step 5: interplanting Chinese yam: in Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom growth course, the charge levels of furrow sinks, when furrow sink down into height for 25~
When 20cm, start to interplant Chinese yam potato seed stem tuber, is opening cave at shallow raw slot flash 10cm, be put into the potato seed stem tuber of Chinese yam,
It is put into Nutrition Soil outside shallow raw slot flash slot, upper Nutrition Soil is trained above the potato seed stem tuber of field planting；
Step 6: field management: growth carries out draws climing built, tillage and weeding and top dressing early period；
Further, in the step 1, farming raw material is straw, husk, Juncao, useless bacteria residue, weed tree sawdust, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli
One of or it is a variety of, absorb moisture by way of farming raw material is impregnated ditch, pond is impregnated or spray, short, scattered agriculture
Make raw material to load immersion using bag or basket or spray, when in such a way that ditch or pond being impregnated, clean water is introduced water
In ditch or pond, straw is directly placed into ditch or pond and is impregnated, the quick lime of addition 2~3% steps on grass in Jin Cao, soaks
The water time is 1~3 day, when in such a way that pond being impregnated, is changed daily water 1~2 time.
Further, in the step 1, when day temperature is higher than 15 DEG C, the farming raw material after water suction is carried out pre-
Fermentation, specifically includes: farming raw material being placed on flatter ground, and heap is real at wide 1.5~2 meters, 1~1.5 meter high, length
Unlimited haystack turns over a heap after 3 days, build heap sowing after the cultivation of immigration in 2~3 days field.
Further, in the step 2, furrow width is 90~120cm, and furrow ditch width is 30~40cm, and the furrow are in 15-35 °
Slope surface, share substrates quantity be 20~30 kilograms every square metre, strain dosage be 600~700 grams every square metre,
Further, in the step 2, the hypothallus is divided at least 2 layers, 8-12 lis of first layer matrix leafing furrow side
Rice.
Further, in the step 3, broadcasting strain terminates, and carries out earthing immediately, and earthing can use open-textured field
Garden loam can be covered directly with the soil of furrow ditch, use rice straw mulching in furrow face.
Further, in the step 5, the Nutrition Soil passes through Chinese yam special fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate, baked wheaten cake soil, decomposed excrement
Fertile paddy soils, which are uniformly mixed, to be made, 10~25 days stack retting Nutrition Soils before interplanting Chinese yam potato seed stem tuber, when potato seed should face plantation from
It is dug out in ground, potato seed Tuber Size is uniform, epidermis is complete, without breakage, and long 7~10cm weighs 100~150g, by potato seed before sowing
Notch dips in plant ash, or with 50% carbendazol wettable powder through 500 times of liquid seed soaking disinfection 10min.
Further, in the step 5, interplanting Chinese yam potato seed stem tuber opportunity be, choose temperature go back up to 12 DEG C with
When upper, ground temperature stably reaches 10 DEG C or more, fine day or cloudy day plantation are selected, opens cave on furrow using hand or point opener, field planting
Nutrition Soil above potato seed stem tuber covers upper straw with a thickness of 4-6 centimetres.
Further, in the step 6,7 days~10 days after emergence, people's formula shape frame is taken, cannot be inserted in when inserting column shallow
On raw slot, waddy or bamboo cane is can be selected in pillar, and long 3.0m or more, pillar insertion soil deeply, every 2 plants are inserted one, and each potato seed is only protected
1 healthy and strong vines is stayed, the other side shoots of base portion are extractd；It carries out once within intertillage 25 days or so, until vines have gone up semi-frame, with
Weeding afterwards is carried out using hand-lifting method, and when intertillage, the part soil outside frame in the ranks is dosed in frame in the ranks, makes to be formed in frame high
Furrow；It is applied after emergence and mentions seed manure, apply urea 5kg per acre, stretched the climing phase and apply urea 25kg per acre, in stem tuber first growth period, apply sulfuric acid per acre
K composite fertilizer 20kg, tuber expansion period apply ternary compound fertilizer 20kg per acre, tuber growth initial stage, 0.2% urea of foliage-spray and
0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate sprays 1 time, continuously sprays 3~4 times, after tendril climbs shelfful, spray 1000 times of 25% paclobutrazol for every 10 days
Liquid inhibits plant prosperous growth.
It further, further include that step 7 is harvested and processed after the step 6, in the step 7, when fructification
It is Harvesting Date when lamella not yet ruptures or just rupture, cap are bell-like, should be adopted at the latest when cap curls inward, lamella are in canescence
It receives, the harvesting when mushroom for processing should not be ruptured with lamella when reaching harvesting standard, catches mushroom body with thumb, index finger and middle finger
Lower part, gently reverse, pulled up upwards again after loosening, avoid loosen around small mushroom bud, after adopting mushroom, left in bacterium bed
Hole will be in time with native filling-in, its mushroom foot with soil should be cut in time by adopting the mushroom to get off, be sent to market sale or freeze-drying plus
Work Cheng Gangu storage is for sale.
Seen from the above description, Chinese yam provided by the invention shares matrix interplanting method with following beneficial with Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom
Effect: utilizing Chinese yam garden interplanting Japanese red pine fine and soft, and the output value is improved to 5000 yuan per acre, while alleviating planting Chinese yam and cultivation Japanese red pine young pilose antler
Mushroom strives the contradiction in field, establishes the three-dimensional planting mode of " bacterium-Chinese yam-rice ", promotes growth of agricultural efficiency, increasing peasant income, obtains
Good ecological benefits and economic benefit, Chinese yam interplant Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom planting type mostly based on the cultivation of outdoor raw material garden farming,
Special installation, simple cultivation, and manageability are not needed, is cultivated at low cost, good in economic efficiency.
Specific embodiment
Below by way of specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Specific embodiment one
A kind of Chinese yam of the present invention and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom share matrix interplanting method, comprising the following steps:
Matrix is shared Step 1: preparing:
Farming raw material mixes in proportion after drying, and adds water；
Farming raw material is one of straw, husk, Juncao, useless bacteria residue, weed tree sawdust, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli or a variety of, is suitable for planting
The straw, husk, Juncao for training Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom should shine foot do, is fresh, and Juncao will be by prescinding rupture, and every 666.7 ㎡ is (every
Mu) 4000 ㎏ of the culture materials such as straw should be prepared；The field of cultivation Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom should select convenient, the soil fertilizer that has a good transport service, waters
Fertile, the good field of irrigation and drainage.My society's scale cultivation is typically chosen in the paddy field of Around the house, and convenient for management, Chinese yam interplanting is red
Matsutake mushroom planting type mostly based on the cultivation of outdoor raw material garden farming, does not need special installation, simple cultivation, and manageability, plants
It trains at low cost, good in economic efficiency.
Straw (or other farming raw materials) must first suction moisture before building heap, farming raw material impregnated by ditch,
Pond is impregnated or the mode of spray absorbs moisture, and short, scattered farming raw material loads immersion using bag or basket or sprays, uses
When the mode that ditch or pond are impregnated, clean water is introduced into ditch or pond, straw is directly placed into ditch or pond and is soaked
Bubble, the quick lime of addition 2~3% step on grass in Jin Cao, and soaking time is 1~3 day, in the present embodiment, and soaking time is 2 days
Left and right is changed water 1~2 time daily when in such a way that pond being impregnated；
When day temperature is higher than 15 DEG C, to prevent from building haystack fermentation after heap, temperature increase and influence the growth of mycelia, need
Farming raw material after water suction is subjected to pre fermentation, specifically includes: farming raw material being placed on flatter ground, heap is real
At wide 1.5~2 meters, haystack 1~1.5 meter high, length is unlimited, a heap is turned over after 3 days, builds heap after the cultivation of immigration in 2~3 days field
Sowing；
In the present embodiment, sharing matrix formulations is straw 100%, and in other embodiments, shared matrix can be other
The mixture of farming raw material.
Step 2: building heap, broadcasting strain:
Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom is in the mushroom that South China (such as Dehua County) is summer and autumn fruiting, cultural hypha preference temperature 24~28
DEG C, mushroom flower bud forms 12~25 DEG C of optimal temperature of former base differentiation, 4~30 DEG C of growth temperature of fruit body development (long mushroom), fruiting season
Section first arrival in April by the end of September, but main yield concentrates on before August.Therefore, Dehua County high altitude localities can be in early and middle ten days in January
Sowing, middle-high altitude area sowing time can advance to mid or late Febuary.
Site preparation is carried out to the ground in field and plays furrow, furrow are high on one side, low on one side, shallow raw slot are put into slope surface, shallowly life slot edge
Slope surface extend, high one section of shallow raw slot, for planting Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom, shared matrix is covered for planting Chinese yam, low one section
To form hypothallus above shallow slot, hypothallus with a thickness of 20~25 centimetres, strain is sowed in hypothallus；
Furrow width is 90~120cm, and furrow ditch width is 30~40cm, and the furrow are in 15-35 ° of slope surface, and shared substrates quantity is
20~30 kilograms every square metre, strain dosage is 600~700 grams every square metre, and hypothallus is divided at least 2 layers, in the present embodiment,
Hypothallus is divided into 3 layers；7~8.5 centimetres of every thickness；
8-12 centimetres of first layer matrix leafing furrow side, in the present embodiment, first layer matrix leafing furrow side jumps 10 centimetres；
Strain breaks into pigeon eggs size, and strain is broadcast between two layers of grass, and the depth for sowing cave is 5~8 centimetres, using plum blossom point
It broadcasts, 10~12 centimetres of hill spacing, increases the cave number of sowing, mycelia growth can be made faster.
Step 3: earthing plus covering:
Carry out earthing above hypothallus, it is native with a thickness of 2-4 centimetres, after earthing, in furrow face plus covering；It broadcasts
Strain terminates, and carries out earthing immediately, and earthing can use open-textured rural area loam, can directly be covered with the soil of furrow ditch, greatly
Rice straw mulching is used when area is cultivated in furrow face, after earthing, is connected to the slope surface of field site preparation, the high 30-35cm of mushroom furrow.
Step 4: the management of bacteria developing period and fruit-body formation phase:
The regulation of temperature, humidity is the key link of cultivation management.It is to prevent high temperature " burning bacterium " that bacteria developing period, which mainly manages, main
It will be by adjusting moisture regulation temperature and humidity；
After mycelia covers with overburden layer, i.e., gradually it is transferred to generative growth phase.The management in this stage is the cultivation of Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom
Critical period, the emphasis of work are moisturizings and reinforce ventilated.
The suitable relative temperature of Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom fruiting stage furrow surrounding space is 90%~95%.It is noted that the guarantor of mushroom bed
It is wet, it keeps covering and overburden layer is in moisture state.If overburden layer drying is whitened, it is necessary to which appropriate water spray makes up to wet shape
State.
The preference temperature of Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom fruiting is 12~28 DEG C, when temperature is lower than 4 DEG C or the not long mushroom more than 32 DEG C.Long mushroom
Period is covered using Small plastic shed plastic foil.The water spray of fruiting phase adopts mushroom etc. and often to stir covering, gently to take in the management process
It puts down gently, when especially having the generation of a large amount of mushroom flower buds on bed surface, operation is centainly careful, and prevents small mushroom bud of damaging.
Step 5: interplanting Chinese yam:
Chinese yam is interplanted under Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom furrow, the variety adoption growth period of Chinese yam is longer, yield is high, the local product of good stress resistance
Kind " very little gold potato " etc..Shallow raw slot cultivation selects high-quality, high yield, disease-resistant, degeneration-resistant long column product mainly using Chinese yam cross-talk as potato seed
Kind, such as Dehua Qin Feng Chinese yam, Dehua crape myrtle Chinese yam.Shallow raw slot specification is general are as follows: long 100cm* wide 6cm* depth 3.5cm, or it is long
120cm* wide 7cm* depth 3.5cm；Material generally uses PVC or plastic material, and sowing before April 20 terminates.Other management skills
Art is the same as normal Chinese yam Cultivate administration.
Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom passes through the growth of some months, and in Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom growth course, the charge level of furrow sinks, when furrow sink it is supreme
It is similar to the furrow height of conventional Chinese yam cultivation when degree is 25~20cm, start to interplant Chinese yam potato seed stem tuber, close to shallow raw slot flash
Cave is opened at 10cm, is put into the potato seed stem tuber of Chinese yam, Nutrition Soil is put into outside shallow raw slot flash slot, above the potato seed stem tuber of field planting
Nutrition Soil in training；
Nutrition Soil is uniformly mixed and is made by Chinese yam special fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate, baked wheaten cake soil, decomposed muck paddy soils, is being covered
10~25 days stack retting Nutrition Soils before kind of Chinese yam potato seed stem tuber, in the present embodiment, Chinese yam special fertilizer, burns soil, is decomposed calcium magnesium phosphate
Muck paddy soils are matched by the weight ratio of 1:1:1:1；
Potato seed is dug out in ground when should face plantation, to guarantee that potato seed is fresh, is easily survived.Potato seed stem tuber choose it is uniform in size,
Epidermis is complete, without breakage, and long 7~10cm weighs 100~150g stalwartness potato seed and plant, sow it is preceding potato seed notch is dipped in into plant ash, or
With 50% carbendazol wettable powder through 500 times of liquid seed soaking disinfection 10min.
Step 6: field management:
It grows and carries out draws climing built, tillage and weeding and top dressing early period；
Interplant Chinese yam potato seed stem tuber opportunity be late Febuary~early April, choose temperature go back up to 12 DEG C or more,
When temperature stably reaches 10 DEG C or more, fine day or cloudy day plantation are selected, opens cave, the kind potato wedge of field planting on furrow using hand or point opener
Nutrition Soil above stem is with a thickness of 4-6 centimetres, and in the present embodiment, nutrition soil thickness 5cm or so is slightly heavy real, and covers upper straw,
Each shallow raw slot (shallow raw slot is U-type groove) is put into potato seed stem tuber on same one side, it is desirable that potato seed stem tuber has to be put into shallow raw slot.
Draws climing built: 7 days~10 days after emergence, taking people's formula shape frame, cannot be inserted on shallow raw slot when inserting column, pillar can
Waddy or bamboo cane, long 3.0m or more are selected, pillar insertion soil deeply prevents from being blown over by the wind, and every 2 plants are inserted one, insert 1000 per acre
Left and right, each potato seed only retain 1 healthy and strong vines, extract the other side shoots of base portion；
Tillage and weeding: growth combines top dressing to carry out tillage and weeding early period.Intertillage requires shallowly, to exempt to hurt root system.Intertill 25 days left sides
Right to carry out primary, until vines go up semi-frame, later weeding is using the progress of hand-lifting method, when intertillage, outside in the ranks by frame
Part soil is dosed in frame in the ranks, makes to form high ridge in frame；
It is applied after emergence and mentions seed manure (urea), apply urea 5kg per acre, stretched the climing phase and apply urea 25kg per acre, stem tuber in June is nascent
For a long time, compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 20kg is applied per acre, August part tuber expansion period applies ternary compound fertilizer 20kg per acre, at the beginning of tuber growth
Phase, at the same according to plant growing way, in 0.2% urea of foliage-spray and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, spray 1 time within every 10 days, it is continuous to spray
It 3~4 times, after tendril climbs shelfful, sprays 25% paclobutrazol, 1000 times of liquid and inhibits plant prosperous growth, underground stem block is promoted to expand.
Water management: Chinese yam is afraid of flood, and rainy season wants timely ditch cleaning to drain.1 permeable, seedling stage and stem tuber life are poured after field planting
Long initial stage is not non-irrigated not pour preferably ground moistening.Seven, August temperature is high, should ensure that adequate water is uniformly supplied, be always
Ground moistening is kept, diligent to water, pouring water should carry out in the dusk, can fill horse race water, and speed fills speed row.Stem tuber harvests or so first half of the month
Stop watering.
The prevention and treatment of pest and disease damage: adhering to the principle of " putting prevention first, integrated control ", and prominent cultural control is aided with necessaryization
Learn prevention and treatment.It is specifically identical as conventional Chinese yam plantation.
Step 7: harvesting and processing:
The harvesting of Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom should harvest in time according to maturity, the market demand.Not yet rupture when the lamella of fructification or
It is Harvesting Date when just rupture, cap are bell-like, should be harvested at the latest when cap curls inward, lamella are in canescence, for processing
Harvesting when mushroom should not be ruptured with lamella when reaching harvesting standard, the lower part of mushroom body is caught with thumb, index finger and middle finger, is gently turned round
Turn, to pull up upwards again after loosening, avoid the small mushroom bud around loosening, after adopting mushroom, the hole left in bacterium bed is timely
With native filling-in, its mushroom foot with soil should be cut in time by adopting the mushroom to get off, be sent to market sale or dry mushroom storage is processed into freeze-drying
It is for sale.
Specific embodiment two
In the present embodiment, sharing matrix formulations is straw 80%, husk 20%, the same specific embodiment of other technical characteristics
One.
Specific embodiment three
In the present embodiment, sharing matrix formulations is straw 40%, weed tree sawdust 40%, husk 20%, and other technical characteristics are same
Specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment four
In the present embodiment, sharing matrix formulations is Caulis Miscanthis floriduli 40%, straw 50%, husk 10%, and other technical characteristics are same
Specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment five
In the present embodiment, sharing matrix formulations is straw 50%, Juncao 20%, useless bacteria residue 30%, by Juncao and useless bacteria residue
It by prescinding rupture, and is mixed with straw, other technical characteristics are the same as specific embodiment one.
It above are only several specific embodiments of the invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited to this, all benefits
It is made a non-material change to the present invention, should all be belonged to behavior that violates the scope of protection of the present invention with this design.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Chinese yam and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom share matrix interplanting method, which comprises the following steps:
Share matrix Step 1: preparing: farming raw material mixes in proportion after drying, and adds water；
Step 2: building heap, broadcasting strain: site preparation is carried out to the ground in field and plays furrow, furrow on one side it is high, while low, be put into slope surface
Shallow raw slot, shallow raw slot extend along slope surface, and high one section of shallow raw slot is for planting Chinese yam, low one section for planting Japanese red pine young pilose antler
Shared matrix is covered in above shallow slot to form hypothallus by mushroom, hypothallus with a thickness of 20~25 centimetres, strain is sowed at base
In matter layer；
Step 3: earthing, plus covering: carry out earthing above hypothallus, it is native with a thickness of 2-4 centimetres, after earthing,
Add covering in furrow face；
Step 4: the management of bacteria developing period and fruit-body formation phase: regulating and controlling temperature and humidity, Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom fruiting stage are suitable for opposite
Humidity is 90%~95%, and preference temperature is 12~28 DEG C；
Step 5: interplanting Chinese yam: in Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom growth course, the charge level of furrow sinks, and is 25~20cm when furrow sink down into height
When, start to interplant Chinese yam potato seed stem tuber, is opening cave at shallow raw slot flash 10cm, be put into the potato seed stem tuber of Chinese yam, shallowly giving birth to
It is put into Nutrition Soil outside slot flash slot, upper Nutrition Soil is trained above the potato seed stem tuber of field planting；
Step 6: field management: growth carries out draws climing built, tillage and weeding and top dressing early period.
2. Chinese yam according to claim 1 and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom share matrix interplanting method, it is characterised in that: the step 1
In, farming raw material is one of straw, husk, Juncao, useless bacteria residue, weed tree sawdust, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli or a variety of, and farming raw material is logical
It crosses the mode that ditch is impregnated, pond is impregnated or is sprayed and absorbs moisture, short, scattered farming raw material loads immersion using bag or basket
Or spray, when in such a way that ditch or pond being impregnated, clean water is introduced into ditch or pond, straw is directly placed into ditch
Or impregnated in pond, the quick lime of addition 2~3%, grass is stepped in Jin Cao, soaking time is 1~3 day, is impregnated using pond
When mode, change daily water 1~2 time.
3. Chinese yam according to claim 1 and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom share matrix interplanting method, it is characterised in that: the step 1
In, when day temperature is higher than 15 DEG C, the farming raw material after water suction is subjected to pre fermentation, is specifically included: by farming raw material
It being placed on flatter ground, heap is real to turn over a heap at wide 1.5~2 meters, haystack 1~1.5 meter high, length is unlimited after 3 days,
Heap sowing is built after the cultivation of immigration in 2~3 days field.
4. Chinese yam according to claim 1 and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom share matrix interplanting method, it is characterised in that: the step 2
In, furrow width is 90~120cm, and furrow ditch width is 30~40cm, and the furrow are in 15-35 ° of slope surface, and sharing substrates quantity is 20~30
Kilogram every square metre, strain dosage is 600~700 grams every square metre.
5. Chinese yam according to claim 1 and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom share matrix interplanting method, it is characterised in that: the step 2
In, the hypothallus is divided at least 2 layers, 8-12 centimetres of first layer matrix leafing furrow side.
6. Chinese yam according to claim 1 and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom share matrix interplanting method, it is characterised in that: the step 3
In, broadcasting strain terminates, and carries out earthing immediately, and earthing can use open-textured rural area loam, can directly be covered with the soil of furrow ditch
It covers, uses rice straw mulching in furrow face.
7. Chinese yam according to claim 1 and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom share matrix interplanting method, it is characterised in that: the step 5
In, the Nutrition Soil is uniformly mixed and is made by Chinese yam special fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate, baked wheaten cake soil, decomposed muck paddy soils, is being interplanted
10~25 days stack retting Nutrition Soils, potato seed are dug out in ground when should face plantation before Chinese yam potato seed stem tuber, potato seed Tuber Size uniformly, table
Skin is complete, without breakage, and long 7~10cm weighs 100~150g, potato seed notch dipped in plant ash before sowing, or can with 50% carbendazim
Wet powder is through 500 times of liquid seed soaking disinfection 10min.
8. Chinese yam according to claim 1 and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom share matrix interplanting method, it is characterised in that: the step 5
In, the opportunity of interplanting Chinese yam potato seed stem tuber is to choose that temperature goes back up to 12 DEG C or more, ground temperature is when stably reaching 10 DEG C or more,
Select fine day or cloudy day plantation, cave is opened on furrow using hand or point opener, the Nutrition Soil above the potato seed stem tuber of field planting with a thickness of
4-6 centimetres, and cover upper straw.
9. Chinese yam according to claim 1 and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom share matrix interplanting method, it is characterised in that: the step 6
In, 7~10 days after emergence, people's formula shape frame to be taken, cannot be inserted in when inserting column on shallow raw slot, waddy or bamboo cane can be selected in pillar,
Long 3.0m or more, pillar insertion soil deeply, every 2 plants are inserted one, and each potato seed only retains 1 healthy and strong vines, and it is other to extract base portion
Side shoot；It carries out once within intertillage 25 days or so, until vines have gone up semi-frame, later weeding is carried out using hand-lifting method, intertillage
When, the part soil outside frame in the ranks is dosed in frame in the ranks, makes to form high ridge in frame；It is applied after emergence and mentions seed manure, apply urine per acre
Plain 5kg stretches the climing phase and applies urea 15kg per acre, stem tuber first growth period, applies compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 20kg per acre, tuber expansion period, often
Mu applies ternary compound fertilizer 20kg, tuber growth initial stage, 0.2% urea of foliage-spray and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sprays within every 10 days
It 1 time, continuously sprays 3~4 times, after tendril climbs shelfful, sprays 25% paclobutrazol, 1000 times of liquid and inhibit plant prosperous growth.
10. Chinese yam according to claim 1 and Japanese red pine young pilose antler mushroom share matrix interplanting method, it is characterised in that: the step
Six further include that step 7 is harvested and processed later, in the step 7, when the lamella of fructification not yet ruptures or just ruptures, cap
It is Harvesting Date when bell-like, should be harvested at the latest when cap curls inward, lamella are in canescence, the mushroom for processing should be with lamella not
It is harvested when rupture, when reaching harvesting standard, the lower part of mushroom body is caught with thumb, index finger and middle finger, is gently reversed, after loosening
It pulls up upwards again, avoids the small mushroom bud around loosening, after adopting mushroom, the hole left in bacterium bed will adopt down in time with native filling-in
The mushroom come should cut its mushroom foot with soil in time, be sent to market sale or freeze-drying to be processed into dry mushroom storage for sale.
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