CN108934637A - A kind of slope greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system - Google Patents
A kind of slope greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/243—Collecting solar energy
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of slope greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system, the indoor air inlet that the outdoor air inlet of solar chimney, solar chimney lower end including being arranged on the wall of greenhouse side and the upper end are communicated with wall sidewall upper；It meanwhile further including the exhaust outlet for the multiple air outlets of different sizes and greenhouse other side wall bottom being arranged at the top of greenhouse.The deficiency of heat in winter greenhouse greenhouse is compensated for by the air outlet at the top of indoor air inlet and greenhouse to hot wind is sent in canopy using the hot pressing effect of solar chimney, provides preferable growth microenvironment for fruits and vegetables.Make the Temperature Distribution in canopy more uniform by air port of different sizes, in addition, the air outlet of size variation can also make the reduction of blower stagnation pressure, reduces entire ventilating system energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ventilating system that a kind of pair of greenhouse carries out increased winter temperature rising, specifically a kind of slope greenhouses
Solar chimney ventilating system.
Background technique
Greenhouse is a kind of important modern agriculture measure, while being also a complicated microenvironment ecosystem, because
This needs be suitable for make substance environment to adapt to its growth.Common greenhouse is frequently with the bone in bamboo-wood structure or steel construction
The artificial frame structure of film of one or more layers thermal insulation plastic film is covered with above frame.Identical as greenhouse effects, the film is at night
Prevent long-wave radiation in a large amount of canopy, material is thus formed independent greenhouse space make to have with night in the daytime in canopy it is good
Good temperature guarantee.In addition, outer membrane can effectively prevent the loss of carbon dioxide caused by fruits and vegetables respiration, promote
The photosynthesis of plant.Therefore, greenhouse can not be limited by outdoor climate conditions, and artificial creation is suitable for fruits and vegetables growth
Moist heat can adjust fruits and vegetables production season, promote fruits and vegetables counter-seas on production.However, under cold weather conditions, due to normal
Rule cover film is relatively thin, and thermal coefficient is big, and heat dissipation in canopy is caused comparatively fast, it is raw to be in most cases unable to reach fruits and vegetables in canopy in winter
Long required temperature range.
Currently, heat loss is reduced to the solution of the above problem is the additional insulating layer of covering mostly, to cover straw mat
For usual way.But cover these opaque materials not only and can reduce incident solar radiation in the daytime, and will affect plant into
Row photosynthesis reduces so as to cause temperature of shed simultaneously, and plant growth receives inhibition.In addition, the knot of conventional greenhouse
Structure feature is that length is longer, and solar radiation is unevenly distributed sooner or later, so that heat is uneven along greenhouse distribution of lengths, causes fruits and vegetables in canopy
The heated difference in vitellarium, to influence the quality of its growth.
Summary of the invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art and insufficient, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of slope greenhouse solar energy
Chimney draft system.
To realize above-mentioned technical assignment, the present invention, which adopts the following technical solutions, to be achieved:
A kind of slope greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system, including the solar energy cigarette being arranged on the wall of greenhouse side
What chimney, the outdoor air inlet of solar chimney lower end and solar chimney upper end were communicated with greenhouse wall sidewall upper
Indoor air inlet, greenhouse top is at least provided with two air outlets, and the wind outlet sectional area of air outlet is from indoor air inlet
To far from being sequentially increased at indoor air inlet, air outlet connects blower；Greenhouse other side wall bottom is equipped with exhaust outlet, send
Air port is parallel to setting at the top of greenhouse, and the air outlet is that (length for defining rectangular air supply opening short side is air outlet to rectangle
Side length) or air outlet be rectangle optimization structure, optimization sideline structure be overlapped with temperature isopleth.
On the right side of air outlet first row air outlet, the side of contour line optimization structure at left and right sides of secondary series, third column air outlet
Line equation is as follows:
In formula: x, y are respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, m.
Air outlet is integrally connect with a telescopic load carrier.
Air outlet shares 6, they are along greenhouse length direction in three column arrangements, the outer dimension of each column inner wind outlet
Identical, the outer dimension of adjacent column air outlet is different.
The relationship of three column air outlet side lengths is as follows, i.e.,,
In formula,l 1,l 2,l 3The respectively side length of the first, second and third column air outlet.
First, second, third column air outlet side length is respectively 400mm, 550mm and 750mm.
Air outlet is whole under load carrier drive can lower movement in the vertical direction.
First row air outlet centre distance solar chimney air outlet is 2L/15, between remaining two column air outlet spacing at
4L/15 is arranged, and the spacing of each air outlet is W/2 in each column, wherein L indicates greenhouse length, and W indicates greenhouse width.
First row air outlet, secondary series air outlet, third column air outlet center away from indoor air inlet be respectively 2m, 6m,
10m；The spacing of each air outlet is 5m in each column, and the mounting height of air outlet is 9m.
The air supply velocity of first row air outlet are as follows:
The air supply velocity of the secondary series air outlet are as follows:
The air supply velocity of the third column air outlet are as follows:
In formula,v 1,v 2,v 3Respectively the first, second and third column air outlet air supply velocity,l 1,l 2,l 3Respectively first, second and third column are sent
The side length in air port.
Compared with the existing technology, beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention is directed to be greenhouse air-supply by solar chimney effect, with supplement under cold season outdoor climate conditions
The heat loss of greenhouse reduction, while the uniform heat distribution degree that plant growth takes is improved, and then realize greenhouse inner ring
Border control.
The present invention is directed to be greenhouse air-supply by solar chimney effect under cold season outdoor climate conditions, with
The heat loss of greenhouse reduction is supplemented, while improving the uniform heat distribution degree that plant growth takes, and then realizes greenhouse
Interior environmental Kuznets Curves.
1, the present invention uses passive solar energy technology, guarantees the microenvironment that fruits and vegetables are grown under cold conditions in winter, with
It is suitble to its normal growth in winter.In addition, the present invention uses clean renewable energy solar energy, heating canopy is driven using hot pressing
Interior air can greatly save the energy and power consumption compared with using traditional energy.
2, to guarantee that fruits and vegetables growth district is heated evenly in canopy, the present invention is arranged of different sizes more along canopy length direction
A triangle air outlet, the total amount of heat for guaranteeing that each column air port is sent out are consistent.And combine greenhouse inner blower open height position section
Temperature field, the shape sideline of air outlet is optimized, side equation, the more original air port pair in the air port of optimization are established
Solve the problems, such as that temperature is uneven with more superiority along greenhouse distribution of lengths.
3, the growth of fruits and vegetables is not only influenced by temperature, while also by air speed influence.In the present invention, to guarantee temperature field
Uniformity, air port of different sizes is set in greenhouse length direction.Compared with using the air outlet of same size, using difference
The total output that the blower of the air port power drive vertical fluid of size needs reduces, and realizes the energy-saving of ventilating system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is present invention ventilation schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is main view of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is side view of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is top view of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is air outlet layout drawing of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is Ball shape nozzle of the present invention and rectangular air supply opening axis speed figure；
Fig. 8 is air outlet mounting height Temperature Distribution of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the present invention without air outlet facade velocity contour；
Figure 10 is that the present invention increases air outlet facade velocity contour；
Figure 11 is rectangular air supply opening temperature distribution of contours figure of the present invention；
Figure 12 is rectangular air supply opening optimization structure temperature distribution of contours figure of the present invention；
Figure 13 is that whether there is or not workspace temperature profiles under air outlet operating condition by the present invention.
Figure acceptance of the bid scores and is not: 1, outdoor air inlet；2, solar chimney；3, indoor air inlet；4, air outlet；5, air draft
Mouthful；6, load carrier；X, the bottom edge short transverse of the length direction of greenhouse or air outlet；Y, the width direction or air outlet of greenhouse
Bottom edge direction.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and its present invention is discussed in detail in specific embodiment.
As shown in Fig. 1-Figure 13, main thought of the invention is: solar chimney draught principle is utilized, by big in greenhouse
Solar chimney is built on canopy side (left side in Fig. 1) wall, and outdoor air inlet, indoor air inlet and exhaust outlet are set, this
Kind of mode according to the Natural Ventilation Principle under hot pressing function, using solar radiation to the density contrast generated in solar chimney as air
Radiant heat energy is converted aerodynamic energy by the driving force of flowing, to increase air pressure head and exhaust air rate, and heated air is sent into
Chimney top is sent directly into inside greenhouse by indoor air outlet 3.Above scheme is deposited due to jet stream in greenhouse length direction
There are vertical decrease in level decaying and greenhouse short transverse, thus the present invention at the top of the greenhouse along its length on,
According to air outlet vertical temperature-difference jet axis speed, provided with different size of multiple rectangular air supply openings, while determining different
The pressure of air outlet, and air outlet 4 is optimized in conjunction with canopy temperature field, to guarantee to be sent out downwards by air outlet 4
Hot-fluid heat it is identical, realize greenhouse micro environment control uniformity.
The air-supply mouth-shaped of preferred structure of the present invention is square.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of slope greenhouse solar chimney ventilating systems, including are arranged in greenhouse
The outdoor air inlet 1 of solar chimney 2,2 lower end of solar chimney on the wall of greenhouse side and the upper end and wall side wall
The indoor air inlet 3 that upper end communicates；It meanwhile further including multiple 4 Hes of air outlet of different sizes being arranged at the top of greenhouse
The exhaust outlet 5 of greenhouse other side wall bottom.
The characteristics of above-mentioned technical proposal using solar chimney hot pressing by being driven, the hot-air of solar energy heating is passed through
Solar chimney is sent into greenhouse, and various sizes of rectangular air supply opening 4 is arranged at the top of greenhouse, air outlet and big shed top surface phase
Seemingly, make to blow mouth-shaped and Indoor Flow Field is coincide, and is conducive to reduce disturbance of the air-supply to air-flow, is improved temperature distribution evenness,
The blower for controlling air outlet 4 simultaneously is blown using different air supply velocities into canopy, in the wind speed requirement for meeting fruits and vegetables vitellarium
The blower total output that makes reduces simultaneously, and different air outlet sizes also ensures that cold season is sent into the equal of heat in greenhouse chamber
Even property.Therefore, above-mentioned technical proposal utilizes the hot pressing effect of solar chimney, passes through sending at the top of indoor air inlet 3 and greenhouse
Air port 4 compensates for the deficiency of heat in winter greenhouse greenhouse to hot wind is sent in canopy, provides preferable growth microenvironment for fruits and vegetables.
The present invention is as follows to the design of solar chimney 2 according to " greenhouse heating system construct and design specification ": determining first
The air capacity for needing to heat, i.e., the volume and rate of ventilation product in the required greenhouse heated.Rate of ventilation of the present invention is by " greenhouse adds
Hot systems construct and design specification " take 1 time/h.For guarantee sun wall system initial cost economy, and can obtain it is higher add
Hot temperature generally takes 30~50m3/hm2 in the air capacity for selecting unit area solar wallboard to pass through.Therefore, according to
Upper data determine the usable floor area of solar wallboard, solar wallboard area=needs processing air capacity/unit area solar wallboard
By air capacity.
Preferably, the air outlet 4 totally 6 are mounted at the top of greenhouse by load carrier 6, and load carrier 6 uses
Frame body.
Through testing, 6 air ports make the heat distribution in canopy more uniform；6 air ports have been able to meet microenvironment in canopy
It is required that.
For fruits and vegetables normal growth in canopy under guarantee in winter cold conditions, emphasis is above-mentioned multiple air outlets of different sizes
4, as a whole to the micro environment control carried out in canopy, generate the high hot-fluid of uniformity.The present invention is determined by following procedure
The optimization of each air outlet air supply velocity, outlet air heat and outlet style.
1, the determination of the air supply velocity of air outlet, outlet air heat
Firstly, the axis speed of isothermal jet is represented by following form:
In formula (1):
V0- air outlet wind speed, m/s；
Vm- isothermal jet axis speed, m/s；
A- turbulence factor, circular nozzle 0.08, slit spout are 0.11 ~ 0.12；
S- plasma jet range length, m；
R0- air-supply port radius or equivalent radius, m；
In present invention, it is desirable to calculating non-isothermal jet axis speed, the derivation of calculation formula is built upon the former Soviet Union
R.H. on the basis of the obtained related research achievement of A Bola Abramovich, when jet stream is there are when temperature difference, non-isothermal difference jets
A buoyancy item because of caused by fluid density contrast more than isothermal jet.Therefore, the Air Temperature as caused by solar energy heating plate
Difference has the acceleration am risen:
In formula (2):
Am- air-flow climb acceleration (m/s2)；
Absolute temperature of the Ti- jet stream at the i-th column air-supply air outlet, K；
Absolute temperature of the TH- jet stream at the 0.1H height of vitellarium, K；
The jet stream temperature difference at Δ T0-=Ti-TH- the i-th column air outlet, K；
G- acceleration of gravity, m/s2.
When jet stream is there are when temperature difference, non-isothermal difference jets more than isothermal jet one because of caused by fluid density contrast
Buoyancy item, therefore, it is necessary to isothermal jet axis speedIt is modified.For non-isothermal jetIf its axis speed changes
Variable, for the jet stream that direction is downward, the acceleration of the jet stream is, peer-to-peer two sides carry out the time
The calculating formula of the available temperature difference circular jet axis speed vertically downward of integral:
For rectangle air port, when the ratio between the long side in its air port and short side are no more than 3:1, jet stream at this time can develop from rectangle quickly
For circle, then handled according to Circular Jet；It, should be with the equivalent radius in rectangle air port when air port is rectangleIt substitutes into
It is calculated in the calculating formula of Circular Jet.The final axis speed of Heated Jets vertically downward is expressed as form:
Determination for turbulence factor a in formula (4) compared by carrying out experiment test under isothermal jet operating condition using circle
Shape spout and use tuyere jet axis speed proposed by the present invention, as shown in Figure 7.Consult " practical heat supplying air conditioning design
Manual Second Edition " it is found that the turbulence factor of Ball shape nozzle is 0.08, it is right to release exhaust outlet institute proposed by the present invention according to Fig. 7
The turbulence factor value answered is taken as 0.15.Therefore (4) formula can be corrected are as follows:
There are certain coupled relations between three column air port of the present invention, can not independently solve, in order to determine the air-supply speed of air outlet
Degree still needs to predefine the temperature difference at air-supply open area and air port with vegetable growth section.According to the regular size ruler of air outlet
Very little, in conjunction with the change of temperature field of greenhouse length direction, greenhouse height is indicated in 0.9H(H) it is arranged 6 not at height
Semicircle air outlet 4(with size is shown in Fig. 1), and pressure fan is installed for them.First row air outlet be based on hoisting safety with
Uniformity of blowing considers, setting apart from indoor air inlet 2L/15 (L indicate greenhouse length), thereafter between each column air outlet between
Every 4L/15, the line space of two row air outlets is that W/2(W indicates greenhouse width), as shown in Figure 6.
It is determined each column air port individually below and goes out wind velocity:
(1) determine first row air port goes out wind velocity:
Numerical Simulation is carried out to Indoor Flow Field of the greenhouse using solar chimney under no air supply device condition, is obtained
Thermo parameters method in greenhouse；Intercept air outlet mounting height at along length to section temperature figure, obtain along greenhouse length side
To temperature distributing rule accord with ExpDecay1 curve distribution, function expression is
In formula: x is position coordinates (direction be from indoor air outlet 3 to exhaust outlet 5) of the air outlet along greenhouse length direction, m；L
For greenhouse length, m；T1 absolute temperature, K along greenhouse length direction；
Formula (5) are substituted into using the T1 in formula (6) as absolute temperature of the jet stream at air outlet, obtain the jet axis in workspace
Speed:
It is calculated by the Indoor Flow Field Numerical Simulation in the case where no air supply device, obtains the weighting at the 0.1H height of workspace
Mean temperature TH, is taken as 303.6K；And according to the requirement in greenhouse for workspace wind speed, penetrating at the height of workspace
Flow axis speedIt is taken as 1m/s, first row scenery resource quality (i.e. x takes 2/15L) at 2/15L is calculated using formula (7)
Go out wind velocity v1 at first row air outlet, specific expression is such as formula 8:
Arrange that air outlet need to reach the requirement of balanced ventilation, in greenhouse in order to send out the air outlet of different installed positions
Heat reaches uniformly, i.e. the air-supply heat flow of different location air outlet is identical, then need to design different sizes along greenhouse length direction
Air outlet, to guarantee that canopy temperature field distribution is uniform.According to heat Calculation formula, heat of blowing at first row air outlet is obtained
The calculating formula of amount:
In formula: c- specific heat capacity, J/kg K；
M- air-supply quality, kg；
Supply air temperature difference, K；
ρ-atmospheric density, kg/m3；
L1- first row air outlet side length, m；
Absolute temperature of the TH- jet stream at the 0.1H height of workspace, K；
Position coordinates of the x- air outlet along greenhouse length direction, m；
L- greenhouse length, m.
(2) determine secondary series air port goes out wind velocity:
Numerical simulation mould is carried out to Indoor Flow Field of the greenhouse using solar chimney when being disposed with first row air outlet
It is quasi-, obtain the Temperature Distribution in greenhouse.And the Temperature Distribution at air outlet mounting height in the x-direction is extracted, it obtains long along greenhouse
The temperature distributing rule in degree direction meets the Poly curve distribution pattern in Polynomial function, function expression are as follows:
In formula: x is the position coordinates along greenhouse length direction, m；L is greenhouse length, m.
Absolute temperature using the T2 in formula (10) as jet stream at air outlet substitutes into formula (5), obtains penetrating in workspace
Flow axis speed:
In formula (11), workspace 0.1H height is calculated by the Indoor Flow Field Numerical Simulation in the case where no air supply device
The weighted mean TH at place, is taken as 303.6K；And according to the requirement in greenhouse for workspace wind speed, in workspace
Jet axis speed at heightIt is taken as 1m/s, secondary series air outlet is arranged at 2/5L (i.e. x takes 2/5L), by (11) formula
It is calculated at secondary series air outlet and goes out wind velocity v2, as the formula:
Arrange that air port need to reach the requirement of balanced ventilation, in greenhouse for the heat for sending out the air outlet of different installed positions
Amount reaches uniformly, i.e. the air-supply heat of different location air outlet is identical, and the present invention designs various sizes of along greenhouse length direction
Air outlet, to guarantee that canopy temperature field distribution is uniform.According to the air-supply heat at first row air outlet and secondary series air outlet
It is equal, it can obtain:
In formula:
C- specific heat capacity, J/kg K；
M- air-supply quality, kg；
ρ-atmospheric density, kg/m3；
L1- first row air outlet side length, m；
L2- secondary series air outlet side length, m；
V1- first row air outlet wind speed, m/s;
V2- secondary series air outlet wind speed, m/s;
Absolute temperature of the TH- jet stream at the 0.1H height of workspace, K；
Position coordinates of the x- air outlet along greenhouse length direction, m；
L- greenhouse length, m.
Solution formula (13) can obtain secondary series air outlet side length l2, as shown in Equation 14:
Thus it obtains meeting along greenhouse length direction different location, under guaranteeing that air-supply heat is identical, between different air ports sizes
Corresponding relationship.
(3) determine third column air port goes out wind velocity:
It is imitative that numerical value is carried out to Indoor Flow Field of the greenhouse using solar chimney when being disposed with the first, second column air outlet
True simulation, obtains the thermo parameters method in greenhouse.And the section temperature distribution at air outlet mounting height along its length is extracted,
It obtains meeting OneSiteComp curve distribution, function expression along the temperature distributing rule of greenhouse length direction are as follows:
In formula: x is the position coordinates along greenhouse length direction, m；L is greenhouse length, m.
Absolute temperature by the T3 in (15) formula as jet stream at air outlet, (5) formula of substitution can be obtained in workspace
Jet axis speed calculation formula, as follows:
Workspace 0.1H high is calculated by the Indoor Flow Field Numerical Simulation in the case where no air supply device in formula (16)
Weighted mean TH at degree, is taken as 303.6K；And it according to the requirement in greenhouse for workspace wind speed, is working
Jet axis speed at area's heightIt is taken as 1m/s, third column air outlet is arranged at 2/3L, therefore x value is 2/3L, by
(16) formula, which is calculated at third column air outlet, goes out wind velocity v3, and concrete form is as shown in Equation 17:
Arrange that air port need to reach the requirement of balanced ventilation, in greenhouse for the heat for sending out the air port of different installed positions
Reach uniformly, various sizes of air outlet need to be designed along greenhouse length direction, to guarantee that canopy temperature field distribution is uniform.According to
First row air outlet is equal with the air-supply heat at third column air outlet, can obtain:
In formula: c- specific heat capacity, J/kg K；
M- air-supply quality, kg；
ρ-atmospheric density, kg/m3；
L1- first row air outlet side length, m；
L3- third column air outlet side length, m；
V1- first row air outlet wind speed, m/s;
V3- third column air outlet wind speed, m/s;
Absolute temperature of the TH- jet stream at the 0.1H height of workspace, K；
Position coordinates of the x- along greenhouse length direction, m；
L- greenhouse length, m.
Solution formula (18) can obtain third column air outlet side length l3, as shown in Equation 19:
Thus it obtains meeting along greenhouse length direction different location, under guaranteeing that air-supply heat is identical, between different air ports sizes
Proportionate relationship.
So far, the calculating formula of revised vertical temperature-difference jet axis speed according to the present invention, has obtained the speed of air outlet
Degree distribution.The method for using recursion simultaneously, in conjunction with temperature field of solar chimney greenhouse in the case where no air outlet 4 point
Cloth releases the latter air outlet parameter from previous air outlet parameter, final to determine along greenhouse length direction different location air port
Functional relation between size, balanced draft heat realize balanced ventilation.
2, the optimization of air outlet form
According to the flow-pressure characteristic curve of blower it is found that air outlet speed and pressure fan pressure are there are certain functional relation,
And then jet flow can be calculated according to jet velocity and jet stream area of section, to calculate the pressure at air outlet.In addition, this hair
It is bright that also air outlet wind speed, pressure have been determined in situation, in conjunction with flow field temperature distributing characteristic, air outlet form is improved.
The specific method is as follows:
Firstly, not arranging 4 operating condition of air outlet progress Numerical Simulation to the greenhouse using solar chimney, obtain big
Thermo parameters method in canopy extracts the Temperature Distribution cloud atlas at 4 mounting height of air outlet.By Temperature Distribution cloud atlas it is found that sending
At 4 arrangement of air port, there are biggish temperature gradient, each temperature isopleth to show the identical regularity of distribution in entire temperature field,
A wherein progress data fitting is chosen, the distribution pattern that the isothermal regularity of distribution of each item meets ExpDecay2 curve is obtained,
Its function expression is as the formula (20):
In formula: x, y are respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, and coordinate origin is in the wall bottom centre being connected with solar chimney, and wherein x is square
To the vertex for being directed toward exhaust outlet from greenhouse bottom bottom edge one end, y positive direction obliquely along bottom edge direction, vertically face directly by z positive direction
Direction is upward.
According to formulaCalculate the air-supply heat of each air outlet, whereinFor temperature weighted at air outlet
The difference of temperature weighted average value in average value and workspace.As shown in Figure 8, temperature gradient is larger at air outlet, leads to length side
Rearwards each column supply air temperature constantly reduces the temperature difference increase so that with vitellarium, eventually causes air output increase.To reduce energy
Consumption reduces fan noise, saves operating cost, under the premise of guaranteeing that air-supply heat is constant, by air outlet edge line and formula 20
The thermoisopleth is overlapped, and is improved its weighted area supply air temperature, is also reduced air-supply while reducing the air output of single air outlet
Mouth size realizes blower consumption reduction, the dual-effect energy-saving of air port consumptive material reduction.
Preferably, along greenhouse length direction in three column arrangements in a manner of totally 6 air outlets under, first row air port,
Secondary series air outlet, third Russia air outlet are respectively 2m, 6m, 10m apart from indoor air inlet 3；The spacing of two row air outlets 4 is
5m；The centerline height of air outlet 4 is Z=9m, as shown in Figure 6.
Preferably, air outlet 4 is all made of rectangle.Preferably, the side length of the first, second and third column air outlet be respectively 400mm,
550mm and 750mm.
Different in order to adapt to the different growth phase growing height of crop, all air outlets 4 can integrally along the vertical direction
It is moved up and down in a certain range, the 0-0.5H of lower section at mobile range 0.9H.Specifically, using can be flexible in vertical direction
Load carrier 6, it is preferred that can by load carrier be mounted in the lower section of greenhouse top plate by multiple telescopic rods.Institute
It states telescopic rod and can be used to manually control to stretch or automatically control and stretch, under this mode, can drive and be mounted on 6 edge of load carrier
Vertical direction moves up and down in a certain range, the distance so as to adjust air outlet 4 relative to crop, different to adapt to crop
Different growing height in growth phase.
Embodiment:
The long * wide * high of the present embodiment medium temperature chamber greenhouse is respectively 15*10*10m, greenhouse volume 1500m3, rate of ventilation according to
" greenhouse heating system construct and design specification " takes 1 time/h, therefore the size of solar panels is according to greenhouse volume and rate of ventilation phase
Except obtaining 1500m3/h.According to the derivation in summary of the invention to the functional relation of different location air port side length, i.e.,, blown in the present embodiment using rectangle air port, preset the side length in first row air port
QUOTE It for 400mm, then can be obtained according to the functional relation of different location air port side length, the side length in second, third column air port
Respectively 550mm, 750mm, point three column arrangements.Optimize inlet shape simultaneously to be allowed to be overlapped with thermoisopleth, air port outer edge curve
Meet the distribution pattern of ExpDecay2 curve, function tabular form reaches are as follows:
In formula: x, y are respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, m.
Effect of blowing in the present embodiment is shown in Fig. 9 and Figure 10, can be seen that from Fig. 9 and Figure 10 and is being fitted without air supply device
When, speed is smaller in workspace, and canopy internal upper part heat cannot be delivered in workspace, raw without enough heats supply vegetables
It is long.After increasing air supply device, greenhouse top hot-air quickly enters workspace, provides preference temperature for vegetables, and then be fruits and vegetables
Create a suitable growth microenvironment.As seen from Figure 13, when not having air supply device, the Temperature Distribution in workspace is not
Uniformly, there is apparent temperature gradient in greenhouse front-rear position, maximum temperature difference reaches 8 DEG C, increases two sides temperature after air supply device
Field distribution is more uniform, and temperature gradient is smaller in entire workspace, and two sides maximum temperature difference is reduced within 3 DEG C in canopy, can be effective
The temperature in workspace is improved, the normal growth of fruits and vegetables during guarantee winter.Simultaneously to meet power conservation requirement, blown by changing
Mouth device form, is allowed to consistent with thermoisopleth phase trend, as is illustrated by figs. 11 and 12.Temperature gradient is larger at former scenery resource quality,
Reduce supply air temperature, air outlet supply air temperature improves after changing shape, can in the case where guaranteeing the identical situation of air port air-supply heat
To reduce air output, to reach energy saving purpose.It can be seen that in the present embodiment, add solar chimney and air outlet device energy
Workspace effectively is delivered heat to, air outlet size constantly changes along its length, it is ensured that each air outlet air-supply heat
Unanimously, so that temperature of shed is evenly distributed.In addition, the air outlet of size variation can also make the reduction of blower stagnation pressure, reduce entire logical
Wind system energy consumption.
What has been described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art,
Without depart from that overall concept of the invention, several changes and improvements can also be made, these also should be considered as of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of slope greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system, including the solar energy being arranged on the wall of greenhouse side
Chimney, the outdoor air inlet of solar chimney lower end and solar chimney upper end are communicated with greenhouse wall sidewall upper
Indoor air inlet, which is characterized in that at least provided with two air outlets at the top of greenhouse, the wind outlet sectional area of air outlet from
To far from being sequentially increased at indoor air inlet at indoor air inlet, air outlet connects blower；Greenhouse other side wall bottom
Equipped with exhaust outlet, air outlet is parallel to setting at the top of greenhouse, and the air outlet is rectangle or air outlet is the excellent of rectangle
Change structure, optimization sideline structure is overlapped with temperature isopleth.
2. greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system in slope as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the air outlet
On the right side of one column air outlet, the side equation of contour line optimization structure is as follows at left and right sides of secondary series, third column air outlet:
In formula: x, y are respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, m.
3. greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system in slope as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the air outlet is whole
Body is connect with a telescopic load carrier.
4. greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system in slope as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the air outlet is total
There are 6, along greenhouse length direction in three column arrangements, the outer dimension of each column inner wind outlet is identical for they, adjacent column air-supply
The outer dimension of mouth is different.
5. greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system in slope as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the three column air-supply
The relationship of mouth side length is as follows, i.e.,,
In formula,l 1,l 2,l 3The respectively side length of the first, second and third column air outlet.
6. greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system in slope as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that described first,
Two, third column air outlet side length is respectively 400mm, 550mm and 750mm.
7. greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system in slope as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the air outlet exists
Load carrier drives lower entirety can lower movement in the vertical direction.
8. greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system in slope as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that first row air outlet
Centre distance solar chimney air outlet is 2L/15, and spacing is arranged at 4L/15 between remaining two column air outlet, is respectively sent in each column
The spacing in air port is W/2, wherein L indicates greenhouse length, and W indicates greenhouse width.
9. greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system in slope as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that first row air-supply
Mouth, secondary series air outlet, third column air outlet center are respectively 2m, 6m, 10m away from indoor air inlet；Each air outlet in each column
Spacing is 5m, and the mounting height of the air outlet is 9m.
10. greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system in slope as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the first row
The air supply velocity of air outlet are as follows:
The air supply velocity of the secondary series air outlet are as follows:
The air supply velocity of the third column air outlet are as follows:
In formula,v 1,v 2,v 3Respectively the first, second and third column air outlet air supply velocity,l 1,l 2,l 3Respectively first, second and third column are sent
The side length in air port.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810654080.0A CN108934637B (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | Slope warmhouse booth solar chimney ventilation system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810654080.0A CN108934637B (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | Slope warmhouse booth solar chimney ventilation system |
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| CN108934637B CN108934637B (en) | 2021-04-27 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN204757235U (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-11-11 | 王峰 | Cleaning type heating and ventilation air conditioner device |
| CN205454981U (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-17 | 四川省华派生物制药有限公司 | Greenhouse ventilation flow straightener |
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2018
- 2018-06-22 CN CN201810654080.0A patent/CN108934637B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN204757235U (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-11-11 | 王峰 | Cleaning type heating and ventilation air conditioner device |
| CN205454981U (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-17 | 四川省华派生物制药有限公司 | Greenhouse ventilation flow straightener |
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