CN108934635A - A kind of energy-saving air port air supply device of green house of vegetables - Google Patents
A kind of energy-saving air port air supply device of green house of vegetables Download PDFInfo
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- CN108934635A CN108934635A CN201810651541.9A CN201810651541A CN108934635A CN 108934635 A CN108934635 A CN 108934635A CN 201810651541 A CN201810651541 A CN 201810651541A CN 108934635 A CN108934635 A CN 108934635A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/243—Collecting solar energy
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of energy-saving air port air supply devices of green house of vegetables, the green house of vegetables is regular pentagon, the air supply device includes the indoor air inlet that the solar chimney being arranged on the wall of greenhouse side, the outdoor air inlet of solar chimney lower end and the upper end are communicated with wall sidewall upper；Meanwhile further include the multiple regular pentagon air outlets of different sizes being arranged at the top of greenhouse with solar chimney is set where the opposite two wall bottoms of wall exhaust outlet.Of the invention use makes being heated evenly for fruits and vegetables growth district in greenhouse, ensure that the good growth of fruits and vegetables, while realizing the energy conservation of ventilating system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ventilating systems that a kind of pair of green house of vegetables carries out increased winter temperature rising, the specifically energy-saving wind of green house of vegetables
Mouth air supply device.
Background technique
Green house of vegetables is a kind of important modern agriculture measure, while being also a complicated microenvironment ecosystem, because
This needs be suitable for make substance environment to adapt to its growth.Common greenhouse is frequently with the bone in bamboo-wood structure or steel construction
The artificial frame structure of film of one or more layers thermal insulation plastic film is covered with above frame.Identical as greenhouse effects, the film is at night
Prevent long-wave radiation in a large amount of canopy, material is thus formed independent greenhouse space make to have with night in the daytime in canopy it is good
Good temperature guarantee.In addition, outer membrane can effectively prevent the loss of carbon dioxide caused by fruits and vegetables respiration, promote
The photosynthesis of plant.Therefore, greenhouse can not be limited by outdoor climate conditions, and artificial creation is suitable for fruits and vegetables growth
Moist heat can adjust fruits and vegetables production season, promote fruits and vegetables counter-seas on production.However, under cold weather conditions, due to normal
Rule cover film is relatively thin, and thermal coefficient is big, and heat dissipation in canopy is caused comparatively fast, it is raw to be in most cases unable to reach fruits and vegetables in canopy in winter
Long required temperature range.Solution to the above problem is the additional insulating layer of covering mostly to reduce heat loss, with covering
Straw mat is usual way.But these opaque materials is covered not only and can reduced incident solar radiation in the daytime, but also will affect plant
Object carries out photosynthesis, receives inhibition so as to cause plant growth.In addition, there are also by the way of solar chimney, but it is this
Under mode, it is structurally characterized in that length is longer due to conventional greenhouse, solar radiation is unevenly distributed sooner or later, so that heat edge
Greenhouse distribution of lengths is uneven, the heated difference in fruits and vegetables vitellarium in canopy is caused, to influence the quality of its growth.Currently, to vegetables
The mode that greenhouse carries out heating air-supply is mainly force ventilation, and when canopy internal loading is larger, blower power is big, high noise, is influenced
Grower is in interior farming.
Summary of the invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art and insufficient, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of green house of vegetables solar chimneys
Air supply device reduces supply air system energy consumption while heating to greenhouse realizing.
To realize above-mentioned technical assignment, the present invention, which adopts the following technical solutions, to be achieved:
A kind of energy-saving air port air supply device of green house of vegetables, the green house of vegetables are regular pentagon, and the air supply device includes
Solar chimney on the wall of greenhouse side, the outdoor air inlet of solar chimney lower end and the upper end and wall are set
The indoor air inlet that sidewall upper communicates；Meanwhile further include at least two regular pentagon air outlets that are arranged at the top of greenhouse and
The exhaust outlet of two opposite wall bottoms of wall where solar chimney is set；The wind outlet sectional area of the air outlet is from room
It is sequentially increased at interior air inlet to separate indoor air inlet；Air outlet is parallel to setting at the top of greenhouse.
Further, the air outlet can be moved up and down integrally along the vertical direction.
Further, the air outlet shares 10, they are along greenhouse length direction in three column arrangements；Three column air-supplies
The number for the air outlet that mouth includes is successively three, four and three.
Further, the sideline of the air outlet at secondary series and third column two-end-point meets following equation:
Y=y0+(2A/pi)*(w/(4*(x-xc)2+w2)
In formula: x, y are respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, m；Remaining constant term parameter is y0=-3.403；xc=-5.337；A=-
11.246；W=6.648.
Further, first row air outlet centre distance solar chimney air outlet is 5/34L, between remaining air outlet between
It is arranged every 5/17L, the line space of each column air outlet is 3/14W, wherein L indicates the length of greenhouse, and W indicates the width of greenhouse.
Further, first row air outlet, secondary series air outlet, third column air outlet center are respectively away from indoor air inlet
2m,6m,10m；Each column inner wind outlet spacing is 3m；The mounting height of air outlet is 9.5m.
Further, the relationship of the three column air port side length is as follows, i.e. l2=1.375l1,l3=1.75l1；l1、l2、l3Point
Not Wei the first, second and third column air outlet side length.
Further, the side length of the first, second and third column air outlet is respectively 400mm, 550mm and 700mm.
Further, the air supply velocity of the first row air outlet are as follows:
The air supply velocity of the secondary series air outlet are as follows:
The air supply velocity of the third column air outlet are as follows:
In formula, v1,v2,v3Respectively the first, second and third column air outlet air supply velocity.
The present invention is directed to be greenhouse air-supply by solar chimney effect under cold season outdoor climate conditions, with
The heat loss of greenhouse reduction is supplemented, while improving the uniform heat distribution degree that plant growth takes, and then realizes greenhouse
Interior environmental Kuznets Curves.The present invention has the advantage that
1, using passive solar energy technology, guarantee the microenvironment that fruits and vegetables are grown under cold conditions in winter, to be suitble to it
Normal growth in winter.In addition, the present invention uses clean renewable energy solar energy, sky in hot pressing driving heating greenhouse is utilized
Gas can greatly save the energy and power consumption compared with using traditional energy.
2, it is heated evenly for fruits and vegetables vitellarium in guarantee greenhouse, multiple ladders of different sizes is set along greenhouse length direction
Shape air outlet, the total amount of heat for guaranteeing that each column air port is sent out are consistent.Compared with using the air outlet of same size, using different size
Air port power drive vertical fluid blower need total output reduce.
3, the present invention combines the temperature field inside greenhouse air-supply open height, has studied its temperature gradient distribution, and to sending
The shape sideline in air port is optimized, and establishes side equation, and the more original air port in the air port of optimization guaranteeing to grow
It goes air output under temperature conditions to reduce, the energy-saving of air supply device is realized while reducing noise, and warm to temperature edge is solved
The problem of room distribution of lengths unevenness has more superiority.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention.It (a) is total structural schematic diagram of the invention, it is (b) logical for solar chimney
Wind schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the energy-saving air port air supply device three-view diagram of green house of vegetables of the invention；(a) it is main view, (b) is side view
Figure (c) is top view；
Fig. 3 is the energy-saving air port air supply device air outlet layout drawing of green house of vegetables of the invention；
Fig. 4 is Ball shape nozzle and regular pentagon air port axis speed in the energy-saving air port air supply device of green house of vegetables of invention
Comparison diagram；
Fig. 5 is temperature profile at the air outlet mounting height of the energy-saving air port air supply device of green house of vegetables of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the energy-saving air port air supply device facade VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION comparison diagram (a) of green house of vegetables of the invention without air outlet
Velocity contour；It (b) is increase velocity profiles of outlet figure；
Fig. 7 is pressure-plotting at the energy-saving air port air supply device air outlet mounting height of green house of vegetables of the invention, (a)
It is distributed for the pressure of no air outlet；It (b) is to there is the pressure of air outlet to be distributed；
Fig. 8 is the air outlet temperature comparisons figure of air outlet and optimization；
Fig. 9 is that air outlet influences vitellarium temperature.
Specific embodiment
Main thought of the invention is: solar chimney draught principle is utilized, by regular pentagon greenhouse side
Solar chimney is built on (left side in Fig. 1) wall, and outdoor air inlet 1, indoor air inlet 3 and exhaust outlet 5 are set, it is this
Mode is stream to the atmospheric density difference generated in solar chimney with solar radiation according to the Natural Ventilation Principle under hot pressing function
Radiant heat energy is converted aerodynamic energy by dynamic driving force, to increase air pressure head and exhaust air rate, and heated air is sent into cigarette
At the top of chimney, inside greenhouse is sent directly by indoor air outlet 3.Above scheme is since jet stream is in the presence of greenhouse length direction
There are vertical decrease in level decaying and greenhouse short transverse, thus the present invention at the top of the greenhouse along its length on, root
According to air outlet vertical temperature-difference jet axis speed, provided with different size of multiple rectangular air outlets, while determining that difference is sent
The pressure in air port, and air outlet 4 is optimized in conjunction with canopy temperature field, it is sent out downwards with guarantee by air outlet 4
Hot-fluid heat is identical, realizes the uniformity of greenhouse micro environment control.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of energy-saving air port air supply device of green house of vegetables, which is positive five sides
Shape, the air supply device include the solar chimney 2 being arranged on the wall of greenhouse side, 2 lower end of solar chimney it is outdoor into
The indoor air inlet 3 that air port 1 and the upper end are communicated with wall sidewall upper；Meanwhile further include be arranged at the top of greenhouse to
The exhaust outlet 5 of few two air outlets 4 two wall bottoms opposite with 2 place wall of solar chimney is arranged in, the air outlet 4
For regular pentagon.The wind outlet sectional area of the air outlet is from indoor air inlet to far from being sequentially increased at indoor air inlet；
Air outlet is parallel to setting at the top of greenhouse.
The characteristics of above-mentioned technical proposal using solar chimney hot pressing by being driven, the hot-air of solar energy heating is passed through
Solar chimney is sent into greenhouse, and various sizes of regular pentagon air outlet 4 is arranged at the top of greenhouse, air outlet and big ceiling
Face is similar, and air-supply mouth-shaped and Indoor Flow Field is made to coincide, and is conducive to reduce disturbance of the air-supply to air-flow, raising uniformity of temperature profile
Property, while the blower for controlling air outlet 4 is blown using different air supply velocities into canopy, in the wind speed requirement for meeting fruits and vegetables vitellarium
While the blower total output that makes reduce, different air outlet sizes also ensures that cold season is sent into heat in greenhouse chamber
Uniformity.Therefore, above-mentioned technical proposal utilizes the hot pressing effect of solar chimney, at the top of indoor air inlet 3 and greenhouse
Air outlet 4 compensates for the deficiency of heat in winter greenhouse greenhouse to hot wind is sent in canopy, provides preferable growth micro-loop for fruits and vegetables
Border.
The present invention is as follows to the design of solar chimney 2 according to " greenhouse heating system construct and design specification ": determining first
The air capacity for needing to heat, i.e., the volume and rate of ventilation product in the required greenhouse heated.Rate of ventilation of the present invention is by " greenhouse adds
Hot systems construct and design specification " take 1 time/h.For guarantee sun wall system initial cost economy, and can obtain it is higher add
Hot temperature generally takes 30~50m in the air capacity for selecting unit area solar wallboard to pass through3/h·m2.Therefore, according to above
Data determine the usable floor area of solar wallboard, solar wallboard area=needs processing air capacity/unit area solar wallboard
By air capacity.
Preferably, the air outlet 4 shares 10, they are mounted at the top of greenhouse by load carrier 6, load-bearing dress
6 are set using frame body.
Through testing, when the number of air outlet 4 is 10 and is in three column distributions, so that the Temperature Distribution in canopy is more uniform,
They are along greenhouse length direction in three column arrangements；10 air ports have been able to meet microenvironment requirement in canopy, and arrangement is excessive
A air port will will cause vegetable growth area overheat and the wasting of resources.
For fruits and vegetables normal growth in canopy under guarantee in winter cold conditions, invention emphasis is will be above-mentioned multiple of different sizes
Air outlet 4 to the micro environment control carried out in canopy, generates the high hot-fluid of uniformity as a whole.The present invention will pass through following procedure
It determines each air outlet air supply velocity, outlet air heat and outlet style is optimized.
1, the determination of the air supply velocity of air outlet, outlet air heat
Firstly, the axis speed of isothermal jet is represented by following form:
In formula (1):
v0Air outlet wind speed, m/s；
vmIsothermal jet axis speed, m/s；
A- turbulence factor, cylindrical jet pipe are 0.08, and slit spout is 0.11~0.12；
S- plasma jet range length, m；
R0Air-supply port radius or equivalent radius, m；
In present invention, it is desirable to calculating non-isothermal jet axis speed, the derivation of calculation formula is built upon preceding Soviet Union
On the basis of joining the obtained related research achievement of r.H. A Bola Abramovich, when jet stream is there are when temperature difference, non-isothermal difference is penetrated
Stream buoyancy item because of caused by fluid density contrast more than isothermal jet.Therefore, the Air Temperature Difference as caused by crop belts has
There is the acceleration a of risingm:
In formula (2):
amAir-flow climb acceleration (m/s2)；
TiAbsolute temperature of the jet stream at the i-th column air-supply air outlet, K；
THAbsolute temperature of the jet stream at the 0.1H height of vitellarium, K；
ΔT0=Ti-THThe jet stream temperature difference at-the i-th column air outlet, K；
G- acceleration of gravity, m/s2。
Therefore, it is needed in non-isothermal jet to jet axis speed vmIt is modified.For non-isothermal jet vm', if its
Axis speed knots modification dvm', for the jet stream that direction is downward, the acceleration of the jet stream isPeer-to-peer two sides
Carry out the calculating formula of the available temperature difference circular jet axis speed vertically downward of time integral:
For rectangle air port, when the ratio between the long side in its air port and short side are no more than 3:1, jet stream at this time can be quickly from rectangle
Development is circle, then handles according to Circular Jet；It when air port is square, then can be handled according to round air port, and should be with
The equivalent radius R in square air port0It is calculated in the calculating formula of=0.565l substitution Circular Jet.The final temperature difference vertically downward is penetrated
Stream axis speed is expressed as form:
" the practical heat supplying air conditioning design manual second edition " is consulted it is found that the turbulence factor of cylindrical spout is 0.08, for
The determination of turbulence factor a in formula (4) is then that compared by carrying out experiment test under isothermal jet operating condition using circular jetting
Mouth and use 4 jet axis speed of square air outlet proposed by the present invention, as shown in figure 4, proposed by the present invention send can be released
Turbulence factor value corresponding to air port 4 is 0.15.Therefore it brings a=0.15 into formula (4) and formula (5) can be obtained:
Since the present invention three arranges between air port, there are certain coupled relations, can not independently solve, in order to determine air outlet
Air supply velocity, still need to predefine at air-supply open area and air outlet with the temperature difference in vegetable growth section.According to common air-supply
Mouth size is arranged at 0.95H (H indicates greenhouse height) height in conjunction with the change of temperature field of greenhouse length direction
6 different size of square air outlets, arrange arrangement (see Fig. 1) at two rows three, and install breeze fan for them.Too from distance
Positive energy chimney air outlet 3 is numbered, respectively the first air outlet 4-1, the second air outlet 4-2 to the tenth air outlet 4-10, and three
The number for the air outlet 4 that column air outlet includes is successively three, four and three, and straight line where each column air outlet is respectively parallel to
Metope where solar chimney.First row air outlet is based on hoisting safety and air-supply uniformity considers, is arranged apart from solar energy
Chimney air outlet is 5/34L (L indicates greenhouse length), and interval 5/17L arrangement between remaining air outlet, each column air outlet is in width
The spacing of direction air outlet is 3/14W (W indicates greenhouse width), as shown in Figure 3.
Each column air port identified below carries out out wind velocity respectively:
(1) determine first row air port goes out wind velocity:
Numerical Simulation is carried out in the case where no air outlet 4 to solar chimney greenhouse, to observe in greenhouse
Thermo parameters method；The temperature cloud picture at air outlet mounting height is intercepted, the Temperature Distribution along greenhouse length direction is obtained, is advised
Rule meets the expDec1 curve distribution in exponential function, function expression are as follows:
T1=-0.04exp (11.325x/L)+312.9 (0≤x≤L) (6)
In formula: x is the position coordinates (positive direction of x is from indoor air inlet 3 to air outlet) along greenhouse length direction, m；
L is greenhouse length, m；T1For at 4 mounting height of greenhouse air outlet along greenhouse length direction absolute temperature, K；It will be in formula (6)
T1Formula (5) are substituted into as absolute temperature of the jet stream at air outlet 4, first row air outlet jet stream can be obtained to corresponding vitellarium
Locate axis speed:
It is calculated by the Indoor Flow Field Numerical Simulation in the case where no air outlet, obtains adding at the 0.1H height of vitellarium
Weight average temperature THFor 307.05K；And according to the requirement in greenhouse for vitellarium wind speed, penetrating at the height of vitellarium
Flow axis speed v 'mIt is taken as 1m/s, using formula (7), is calculated at first row air outlet and goes out wind velocity v1,
Show for the heat one for sending out the air outlet of different installed positions and meets plant growth area Temperature Distribution
Reach uniformity, the present invention need to devise various sizes of air outlet along greenhouse length direction, to guarantee canopy temperature field point
Cloth is uniform.According to heat Calculation formula, heat of blowing at first row air outlet are as follows:
In formula: c- specific heat capacity, J/kg K；
M- air-supply quality, kg；
The temperature difference at Δ T- first row air outlet and vitellarium, K；
ρ-atmospheric density, kg/m3；
l1First row air outlet side length, m；
THWeighted mean of the jet stream at the 0.1H height of vitellarium, K；
Position coordinates of the x- air outlet along greenhouse length direction, m；
L- greenhouse length, m.
(2) determine secondary series air port goes out wind velocity:
Numerical simulation mould is carried out under the operating condition for being disposed with first row air outlet to using the greenhouse of solar chimney
It is quasi-, obtain the Temperature Distribution in greenhouse.And the Temperature Distribution at air outlet mounting height is extracted, it obtains along greenhouse length direction
Temperature Distribution, rule meet the expDec1 curve distribution in exponential function, function expression are as follows:
T2=-2.97 × 10-47exp(220x/L)+0.13exp(7.73x/L)+312.41(0≤x≤L) (10)
In formula: x is the position coordinates (positive direction of x is from indoor air inlet 3 to air outlet) along greenhouse length direction, m；
L is greenhouse length, m.By the T in formula (10)2As absolute temperature of the jet stream at secondary series air outlet, substitutes into formula (5), can obtain
To secondary series air outlet jet stream at corresponding vitellarium axis speed:
In formula (11), vitellarium 0.1H high is calculated by the Indoor Flow Field Numerical Simulation in the case where no air outlet
Weighted mean T at degreeHFor 307.05K；And according to the requirement in greenhouse for vitellarium wind speed, in vitellarium height
Jet axis speed v ' at degreemIt is taken as 1m/s, using formula (11), is calculated at secondary series air outlet and goes out wind velocity v2:
Arrange that air port is the requirement for reaching balanced ventilation in greenhouse, at first row air outlet and secondary series air outlet
Air-supply heat it is equal, can obtain:
Q1=Q2
That is:
In formula:
C- specific heat capacity, J/kg K；
ρ-atmospheric density, kg/m3；
l1First row air outlet side length, m；
l2Secondary series air outlet side length, m；
v1First row air outlet wind speed, m/s；
v2Secondary series air outlet wind speed, m/s；
THWeighted mean of the jet stream at the 0.1H height of vitellarium, K；
Position coordinates of the x- air outlet along greenhouse length direction, m；
L- greenhouse length, m.
Solution formula (13) can obtain meeting along greenhouse length direction different location, guarantee air-supply heat identical lower second
Column air outlet side length l2With first row air outlet side length l1Relationship:
l2=1.375l1 (14)
(3) determine third column air port goes out wind velocity:
Numerical value is carried out under operating condition of the greenhouse of solar chimney when being disposed with the first, second column air outlet to using
Analogue simulation obtains the thermo parameters method in greenhouse.And the Temperature Distribution at air outlet mounting height is extracted, it obtains long along greenhouse
The Temperature Distribution in direction is spent, rule meets the expDec1 curve distribution in exponential function, function expression are as follows:
T3=-1.96exp (2.43x/L)+313.45 (0≤x≤L) (15)
In formula: x is the position coordinates (positive direction of x is from indoor air inlet 3 to air outlet) along greenhouse length direction, m；
L is greenhouse length, m.By the T in formula (15)3As absolute temperature of the jet stream at secondary series air outlet, substituting into formula (5) can be obtained
To third column air outlet jet stream at corresponding vitellarium axis speed:
Adding for vitellarium 0.1H height, can be obtained by the Numerical Simulation in the case where no air outlet in formula (16)
Weight average temperature THFor 302.7K；And according to the requirement in greenhouse for vitellarium wind speed, at the height of vitellarium
Jet axis speed v 'mIt is taken as 1m/s, using formula (16) formula, is calculated at third column air outlet and goes out wind velocity v3:
Arrange that air port is the requirement for reaching balanced ventilation in greenhouse, at first row air outlet and third column air outlet
Air-supply heat it is equal, can obtain:
Q1=Q3, it may be assumed that
cρv1l1 2(-0.04exp(11.325x/L)+312.9-TH)=c ρ v2l3 2(-1.96exp(2.43x/L)+
313.45-TH) (18)
In formula:
C- specific heat capacity, J/kg K；
ρ-atmospheric density, kg/m3；
l1First row air outlet side length, m；
l3Third column air outlet side length, m；
v1First row air outlet wind speed, m/s；
v3Third column air outlet wind speed, m/s；
THWeighted mean of the jet stream at the 0.1H height of vitellarium, K；
Position coordinates of the x- along greenhouse length direction, m；
L- greenhouse length, m.
Solution formula (18) can obtain meeting along greenhouse length direction different location, guarantee air-supply heat identical lower second
Column air outlet side length l3With first row air outlet side length l1Relationship:
l3=1.75l1 (19)
So far, the calculating formula of revised vertical temperature-difference jet axis speed according to the present invention, has obtained the speed of air outlet
Degree distribution.The method for using recursion simultaneously, in conjunction with temperature field of solar chimney greenhouse in the case where no air outlet 4 point
Cloth releases the latter air outlet parameter from previous air outlet parameter, final to determine along greenhouse length direction different location air port
Functional relation between size, balanced draft heat realize balanced ventilation.
2, the optimization of air outlet form
According to the flow-pressure characteristic curve of blower, it is found that air outlet speed is with pressure fan pressure, there are certain functions
Relationship, and then jet flow can be calculated according to jet velocity and jet stream area of section, to calculate the pressure at air outlet.Separately
Outside, the present invention has also determined in situation air outlet wind speed, pressure, in conjunction with flow field temperature distributing characteristic, to part air outlet form
It is optimized.Sideline specifically to the air outlet (i.e. 4-4,4-7,4-8,4-10) for being located at secondary series and third column two-end-point
It optimizes, the method is as follows:
Firstly, not arranging 4 operating condition of air outlet progress Numerical Simulation to the greenhouse using solar chimney, obtain
Thermo parameters method in greenhouse extracts the Temperature Distribution cloud atlas at 4 mounting height of air outlet.By Temperature Distribution cloud atlas it is found that
At 4 arrangement of air outlet, there are biggish temperature gradient, each temperature isopleth shows identical distribution rule in entire temperature field
Rule chooses a wherein progress data fitting, obtains the distribution that the isothermal regularity of distribution of each item meets Lorentz function curve
Pattern.Air outlet sideline after optimization meets function expression (20): y=y0+(2A/pi)*(w/(4*(x-xc)2+w2)(20)
In formula: x, y are respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, the bottom edge midpoint of wall where solar chimney is arranged in coordinate origin
Place, the positive direction of x-axis are horizontally directed to the intersecting lens of two exhaust outlets 5 by 2 one end of solar chimney, and y-axis is perpendicular to x-axis and puts down
For row in greenhouse bottom surface, the positive direction of z-axis is upward along the short transverse of greenhouse.Remaining constant term parameter is y0=-3.403； xc=-
5.337；A=-11.246；W=6.648.Length, the width direction of greenhouse are respectively the direction x, y；The length L of greenhouse is interior
Maximum distance of the air inlet one end to exhaust outlet；The width W of greenhouse be with the distal end line of two metopes where exhaust outlet 5 away from
From.
The air-supply heat of each air outlet is calculated according to formula Q=cm Δ T, wherein Δ T is temperature and growth at air outlet
The difference of temperature weighted average value in area.As shown in Figure 5, temperature gradient is larger at air outlet, causes respectively to arrange behind length direction and send
Air temperature constantly reduces the temperature difference reduction so that with vitellarium, eventually causes air output increase.To reduce energy consumption, reduces blower and make an uproar
Sound saves operating cost, under the premise of guaranteeing that air-supply heat is constant, by thermoisopleth weight described in air outlet edge line and formula 20
It closes, improves its weighted area supply air temperature, also reduce air outlet size while reducing the air output of single air outlet, realize wind
Machine consumption reduction, the dual-effect energy-saving of air port consumptive material reduction.
Preferably, along greenhouse length direction arrangement in two rows of three under the mode of totally 10 air outlets, first row
Air outlet center, secondary series air outlet center, third column air outlet center respectively apart from indoor air inlet 3 be respectively 2m, 6m,
10m；The line space of two row air outlets 4 is 4m；The mounting height of air outlet 4 is Z=9.5m, as shown in Figure 3.
Preferably, air outlet 4 is all made of square.Preferably, the side length of the first, second and third column air outlet size is respectively
400mm, 500mm and 750mm.
Different in order to adapt to the different growth phase growing height of crop, all air outlets 4 can integrally along the vertical direction
It is moved up and down in a certain range.Specifically, using the load carrier 6 that can be stretched in vertical direction, it is preferred that load-bearing can be filled
It sets and is mounted on by multiple telescopic rods in the lower section of greenhouse top plate.The telescopic rod can be used manually control it is flexible or from
Dynamic control is flexible, under this mode, can drive and be mounted on load carrier 6 and move up and down in a certain range along the vertical direction,
Distance so as to adjust air outlet 4 relative to crop, to adapt to growing height different in the different growth phase of crop.
Embodiment:
The floor space of the present embodiment medium temperature chamber greenhouse and high respectively 133.23 and 10m, greenhouse volume 1332.3m3, ventilation
Number takes 1 time/h according to " greenhouse heating system construct and design specification ", therefore the ventilation quantity heated required for solar panels is
1332.3m3/h, the air capacity interval range for selecting unit area solar wallboard to pass through is 30~50m3/h·m2, 26.64~
44.41m3/h·m2, obtain the range of choice of solar wallboard in 30~50m2Between, to guarantee enough quantity of hot air and combining
Greenhouse shape, the present embodiment select 40m2Solar wallboard.According in summary of the invention to the functional relation of different location air port side length
Derivation, l can be obtained2=1.375l1, l3=1.75l1, blown in the present embodiment using regular pentagon air port, preset first
Arrange the side length l in air port1It for 400mm, then can be obtained according to the functional relation of different location air port side length, second, third column air port
Side length be respectively 500mm, 750mm.It is numbered from apart from solar chimney side, respectively the first air outlet 4-1, second
Air outlet 4-2, third air outlet 4-3, to the tenth air outlet 4-10, point three column arrangements.The indoor air inlet of first row air outlet distance
Mouth 3 is 2m, 4m arrangement in interval between remaining air port, and spacing 3m arrangement in air port in each column is installed at Z=9.5m height, such as Fig. 3
It is shown.Optimize air port edge line simultaneously to be allowed to be overlapped with temperature isopleth, air port outer edge curve meets Lorentz function curve
Distribution pattern, function tabular form reaches are as follows:
Y=y0+(2A/pi)*(w/(4*(x-xc)2+w2)
In formula: x, y are respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, remaining constant term parameter is y0=-3.403；xc=-5.337；A=-
11.246；W=6.648.
Effect of blowing in the present embodiment is shown in Fig. 6, from fig. 6 it can be seen that when being fitted without air outlet, it is fast in vitellarium
Degree is smaller, and greenhouse booth internal upper part heat cannot be delivered in vitellarium, feeds vegetable growth without enough heats.Increase air-supply
After mouthful, greenhouse top heated air jets quickly enter vitellarium, preference temperature can be provided for vegetables, and then create one for fruits and vegetables
A suitable growth microenvironment.As seen from Figure 9, when not having air outlet, temperature distribution is non-uniform in vitellarium, in greenhouse
There is apparent temperature gradient in middle position, and maximum temperature difference reaches 5 DEG C, and two sides thermo parameters method is more equal after increasing air outlet
Even, temperature gradient is smaller in entire vitellarium, and two sides maximum temperature difference is reduced to 2 DEG C in canopy, it is ensured that fruits and vegetables are being just during winter
It is frequently grown.Meanwhile to meet power conservation requirement, by changing air outlet device form, it is allowed to consistent with thermoisopleth phase trend, such as schemes
Shown in 8.Temperature gradient is larger at former scenery resource quality, changes the supply air temperature that be averaged of air outlet after shape and improves, is guaranteeing that air port send
In the case that wind-heat amount is equivalent, air output can be reduced, to reach energy saving purpose.It can be seen that, added too in the present embodiment
Positive energy chimney and air outlet device 4 can effectively deliver heat to vitellarium, and air outlet size constantly changes along its length, can
Guarantee that each air outlet air-supply heat is consistent, so that temperature of shed is evenly distributed.In addition, the air outlet of size variation can also make wind
Machine stagnation pressure reduces, and reduces entire ventilating system energy consumption.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of energy-saving air port air supply device of green house of vegetables, which is characterized in that the green house of vegetables is regular pentagon, the air-supply
Device includes the solar chimney being arranged on the wall of greenhouse side, the outdoor air inlet of solar chimney lower end, and thereon
Hold the indoor air inlet communicated with wall sidewall upper；It meanwhile further including at least two regular pentagons being arranged at the top of greenhouse
Air outlet with solar chimney is set where the opposite two wall bottoms of wall exhaust outlet；The wind outlet of the air outlet is cut
Area is from indoor air inlet to far from being sequentially increased at indoor air inlet；Air outlet is parallel to setting at the top of greenhouse.
2. the energy-saving air port air supply device of green house of vegetables as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the air outlet can be whole
Body moves up and down along the vertical direction.
3. the energy-saving air port air supply device of green house of vegetables as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the air outlet shares 10
A, they are along greenhouse length direction in three column arrangements；The number for the air outlet that three column air outlets include is successively three, four
It is a and three.
4. the energy-saving air port air supply device of green house of vegetables as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that be located at secondary series and third
The sideline of air outlet at column two-end-point meets following equation:
Y=y0+(2A/pi)*(w/(4*(x-xc)2+w2)
In formula: x, y are respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, m；Remaining constant term parameter is y0=-3.403；xc=-5.337；A=-
11.246；W=6.648.
5. the energy-saving air port air supply device of green house of vegetables as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that first row air outlet center
It is 5/34L apart from solar chimney air outlet, interval 5/17L arrangement, the line space of each column air outlet are between remaining air outlet
3/14W, wherein L indicates the length of greenhouse, and W indicates the width of greenhouse.
6. the energy-saving air port air supply device of green house of vegetables as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that first row air outlet,
Two column air outlets, third column air outlet center are respectively 2m, 6m, 10m away from indoor air inlet；Each column inner wind outlet spacing is 3m；
The mounting height of air outlet is 9.5m.
7. the energy-saving air port air supply device of green house of vegetables as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the three column air port side length
Relationship it is as follows, i.e. l2=1.375l1,l3=1.75l1；l1、l2、l3The respectively side length of the first, second and third column air outlet.
8. the energy-saving air port air supply device of green house of vegetables as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that first, second and third column
The side length of air outlet is respectively 400mm, 550mm and 700mm.
9. the energy-saving air port air supply device of green house of vegetables as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the first row air outlet
Air supply velocity are as follows:
The air supply velocity of the secondary series air outlet are as follows:
The air supply velocity of the third column air outlet are as follows:
In formula, v1,v2,v3Respectively the first, second and third column air outlet air supply velocity.
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| CN201810651541.9A CN108934635A (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | A kind of energy-saving air port air supply device of green house of vegetables |
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| CN201810651541.9A CN108934635A (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | A kind of energy-saving air port air supply device of green house of vegetables |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112997942A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-22 | 长沙理工大学 | Coral protection structure capable of absorbing solar radiation |
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Application publication date: 20181207 |