CN108800383A - A kind of triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system - Google Patents
A kind of triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108800383A CN108800383A CN201810651391.1A CN201810651391A CN108800383A CN 108800383 A CN108800383 A CN 108800383A CN 201810651391 A CN201810651391 A CN 201810651391A CN 108800383 A CN108800383 A CN 108800383A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
- F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/007—Ventilation with forced flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
- F24F2005/0064—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground using solar energy
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Abstract
A kind of triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system, including indoor air inlet that the outdoor air inlet of solar chimney, solar chimney lower end being arranged on the wall of greenhouse side and the upper end are communicated with wall sidewall upper；Meanwhile further including the exhaust outlet of the multiple air outlets of different sizes and greenhouse other side wall bottom that are arranged at the top of greenhouse.The deficiency of heat in winter greenhouse greenhouse is compensated for, preferable growth microenvironment is provided for fruits and vegetables by the air outlet at the top of indoor air inlet and greenhouse to sending hot wind in canopy using the hot pressing effect of solar chimney.Make the Temperature Distribution in canopy more uniform by air port of different sizes, in addition, the air outlet of size variation can also make the reduction of wind turbine stagnation pressure, reduces entire ventilating system energy expenditure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ventilating system carrying out increased winter temperature rising to greenhouse, specifically a kind of triangle greenhouse is big
Canopy solar chimney ventilating system.
Background technology
Greenhouse is a kind of important modern agriculture measure, while being also a complicated microenvironment ecosystem, because
This needs suitable to make substance environment to adapt to growth.Common greenhouse is frequently with the bone in bamboo-wood structure or steel construction
The artificial frame structure of film of one or more layers thermal insulation plastic film is covered with above frame.Identical as greenhouse effects, the film is at night
Prevent long-wave radiation in a large amount of canopy, material is thus formed independent greenhouse space make in the daytime to have with night in canopy it is good
Good temperature guarantee.In addition, outer membrane can effectively prevent the loss of carbon dioxide caused by fruits and vegetables respiration, promote
The photosynthesis of plant.Therefore, greenhouse can not be limited by outdoor climate conditions, and artificial creation is suitable for fruits and vegetables growth
Moist heat can adjust fruits and vegetables production season, promote fruits and vegetables counter-seas on production.However, under cold weather conditions, due to normal
Rule cover film is relatively thin, and thermal coefficient is big, and heat dissipation in canopy is caused comparatively fast, to be in most cases unable to reach fruits and vegetables life in canopy in winter
Long required temperature range.
Currently, heat loss is reduced to the solution of the above problem is the additional insulating layer of covering mostly, to cover straw mat
For usual way.But be capped these opaque materials not only and can reduce incident solar radiation in the daytime, and can influence plant into
Row photosynthesis reduces so as to cause temperature of shed simultaneously, and plant growth receives inhibition.In addition, the knot of conventional greenhouse
Structure feature is that length is longer, and solar radiation is unevenly distributed sooner or later so that heat is uneven along greenhouse distribution of lengths, causes fruits and vegetables in canopy
The heated difference in vitellarium, to influence the quality of growth.
Invention content
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art and insufficient, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of triangle greenhouse sun
It can chimney draft system.
To realize that above-mentioned technical assignment, the present invention are achieved using following technical proposals：
A kind of triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system, including the solar energy that is arranged on the wall of greenhouse side
Chimney, the outdoor air inlet of solar chimney lower end and solar chimney upper end are communicated with greenhouse wall sidewall upper
Indoor air inlet, at least provided with two air outlets at the top of greenhouse, the wind outlet sectional area of air outlet is from indoor air inlet
It is sequentially increased to far from indoor air inlet, air outlet connects wind turbine；Greenhouse other side wall bottom is equipped with exhaust outlet, air-supply
Mouth is parallel to setting at the top of greenhouse, and the cross sectional shape of air outlet is consistent with the cross sectional shape at the top of corresponding greenhouse,
Air outlet is triangle, bottom edge and high equal length, and definition bottom edge length is the triangle length of side;Or air outlet is triangle
The optimization structure of shape, the bottom edge for optimizing structure is constant, and optimization sideline is overlapped with temperature isopleth.
The side equation of the air outlet contour line optimization structure is as follows：
In formula：X, y is respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, m；x0=-3.9, yc=0.0016, w=16.4, A=10.2, A1=0.32, A2=0, A3
=2.56。
Air outlet is integrally connect with a telescopic load carrier.
Air outlet shares 6, they are arranged along greenhouse length direction in three row, the appearance and size of each column inner wind outlet
Identical, the appearance and size of adjacent column air outlet is different.
The relationship of the three row air outlet length of sides is as follows, i.e.,
In formula,l 1,l 2,l 3The respectively length of side of the first, second and third row air outlet.
The first, second, third row air outlet length of side is respectively 400mm, 500mm and 750mm.
Air outlet is whole under load carrier drive can lower movement in the vertical direction.
First row air outlet centre distance solar chimney air outlet is 2L/15, between remaining two row air outlet spacing at
4L/15 is arranged, and the spacing of each air outlet is 4W/15 in each column, wherein W indicates the bottom edge side of triangle greenhouse base triangle
Long, i.e., greenhouse width, L indicate the height on the bottom edge of triangle greenhouse base triangle, i.e. greenhouse length.
First row air outlet, secondary series air outlet, third row air outlet centre-to-centre spacing indoor air inlet be respectively 2m, 6m,
10m；The spacing of each air outlet is 4m in each column, and the mounting height of air outlet is 9.5m.
The air supply velocity of first row air outlet is：
The air supply velocity of the secondary series air outlet is：
The air supply velocity of the third row air outlet is：
In formula,v 1,v 2,v 3 Respectively the first, second and third row air outlet air supply velocity,l 1,l 2,l 3Respectively first, second and third row
The length of side of air outlet.
Compared with the existing technology, beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention is directed under cold season outdoor climate conditions, be blown for greenhouse by solar chimney effect, with supplement
The heat loss of greenhouse reduction, while the uniform heat distribution degree that plant growth takes is improved, and then realize greenhouse inner ring
Border controls.
The present invention is directed under cold season outdoor climate conditions, be blown for greenhouse by solar chimney effect, with
The heat loss of greenhouse reduction is supplemented, while improving the uniform heat distribution degree that plant growth takes, and then realizes greenhouse
Interior environmental Kuznets Curves.
1, the present invention uses passive solar energy technology, ensures the microenvironment that fruits and vegetables are grown under cold conditions in winter, with
It is suitble to its normal growth in winter.In addition, the present invention uses clean renewable energy solar energy, heating canopy is driven using hot pressing
Interior air can greatly save the energy and power consumption compared with using traditional energy.
2, it is to ensure that fruits and vegetables growth district is heated evenly in canopy, the present invention is arranged of different sizes more along canopy length direction
A triangle air outlet ensures that the total amount of heat that each column air port is sent out is consistent.And combine greenhouse inner blower open height position section
Temperature field, the shape sideline of air outlet is optimized, establishes side equation, the more original air port pair in the air port of optimization
Solve the problems, such as that temperature is uneven with more superiority along greenhouse distribution of lengths.
3, the growth of fruits and vegetables is not only influenced by temperature, while also by air speed influence.In the present invention, to ensure temperature field
Uniformity, air port of different sizes is set in greenhouse length direction.Compared with using the air outlet of same size, using difference
The total output that the wind turbine of the air port power drive vertical fluid of size needs reduces, and realizes the energy-saving of ventilating system.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is front view of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is side view of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is vertical view of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is air outlet layout drawing of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is Ball shape nozzle of the present invention and 4 axis speed figure of triangle air outlet；
Fig. 7 is temperature profile at air outlet mounting height of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the present invention without air outlet facade velocity contour；
Fig. 9 is that the present invention increases air outlet facade velocity contour；
Figure 10 is triangle air outlet temperature distribution of contours figure of the present invention；
Figure 11 is triangle air outlet optimization structure temperature distribution of contours figure of the present invention；
Whether there is or not workspace temperature profiles under air outlet operating mode by Figure 12.
Figure acceptance of the bid scores and is not：1, outdoor air inlet；2, solar chimney；3, indoor air inlet；4, air outlet；5, air draft
Mouthful；6, load carrier；X, the bottom edge short transverse of the length direction of greenhouse or air outlet；Y, the width direction or air outlet of greenhouse
Bottom edge direction.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and its present invention is discussed in detail in specific implementation mode.
As shown in Fig. 1-Figure 12, main thought of the invention is：Using solar chimney draught principle, by big in greenhouse
Canopy side（Left side in Fig. 1）Solar chimney is built on wall, and outdoor air inlet, indoor air inlet and exhaust outlet are set, this
Kind of mode according to the Natural Ventilation Principle under hot pressing function, using solar radiation to the density contrast generated in solar chimney as air
The driving force of flowing converts radiant heat energy to aerodynamic energy, to increase air pressure head and exhaust air rate, and heated air is sent into
Chimney top is sent directly into inside greenhouse by indoor air outlet 3.Said program is deposited due to jet stream in greenhouse length direction
There are vertical decrease in level decaying and greenhouse short transverse, thus the present invention at the top of the greenhouse along its length on,
According to air outlet vertical temperature-difference jet axis speed, different size of multiple rectangular air outlets are provided with, while being determined different
The pressure of air outlet, and air outlet 4 is optimized in conjunction with canopy temperature field, to ensure to be sent out downwards by air outlet 4
Hot-fluid heat it is identical, realize greenhouse micro environment control uniformity.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating systems, including are arranged in temperature
Solar chimney 2 on the wall of room greenhouse side, 2 lower end of solar chimney are equipped with the outdoor air inlet 1 that Open Side Down, the upper end
It is communicated with the indoor air inlet 3 of wall sidewall upper；Meanwhile further include be arranged at the top of greenhouse it is multiple of different sizes
The exhaust outlet 5 of triangle air outlet 4 and greenhouse other side wall bottom.
The characteristics of above-mentioned technical proposal drives by using solar chimney hot pressing, the hot-air of solar energy heating is passed through
Solar chimney is sent into greenhouse, and the rectangular air outlet 4 of various sizes of triangle, air outlet and greenhouse are arranged at the top of greenhouse
Top surface is similar, and air-supply mouth-shaped is made to coincide with Indoor Flow Field, is conducive to reduce disturbance of the air-supply to air-flow, it is equal to improve Temperature Distribution
Even property, while the wind turbine for controlling air outlet 4 is blown using different air supply velocities into canopy, is wanted in the wind speed for meeting fruits and vegetables vitellarium
The wind turbine total output made while asking reduces, and different air outlet sizes also ensures that cold season is sent into heat in greenhouse chamber
Uniformity.Therefore, above-mentioned technical proposal utilizes the hot pressing effect of solar chimney, at the top of indoor air inlet 3 and greenhouse
Air outlet 4 to sending hot wind in canopy, compensate for the deficiency of heat in winter greenhouse greenhouse, preferable growth micro-loop provided for fruits and vegetables
Border.
The present invention according to《Greenhouse heating system construct and design specification》, as follows to the design of solar chimney 2：It determines first
Need the air capacity heated, i.e., the volume and rate of ventilation product in the required greenhouse heated.Rate of ventilation of the present invention is pressed《Greenhouse adds
Hot systems construct and design specification》Take 1 time/h.For ensure sun wall system initial cost economy, and can obtain it is higher add
Hot temperature, select unit area solar wallboard by air capacity when, generally take 30~50m3/h·m2.Therefore, according to above
Data are logical to determine the usable floor area of solar wallboard, air capacity/unit area solar wallboard of solar wallboard area=needs processing
The air capacity crossed.
Preferably, the air outlet 4 shares 6, they are mounted on by load carrier 6 at the top of greenhouse, load-bearing dress
It sets 6 and uses frame body.
Through experiment, 6 air ports make the Temperature Distribution in canopy more uniform, they are along greenhouse length direction in three row
Arrangement；6 air ports have been able to meet in canopy microenvironment requirement, arranged multiple air ports will cause vegetable growth area overheat and
The wasting of resources.
For fruits and vegetables normal growth in canopy under guarantee in winter cold conditions, invention emphasis is will be above-mentioned multiple of different sizes
Air outlet 4 to the micro environment control carried out in canopy, generates the hot-fluid of high uniformity as a whole.The present invention will pass through following procedure
It determines each air outlet air supply velocity, outlet air heat and outlet style is optimized.
The determination of the air supply velocity, outlet air heat of air outlet
First, the axis speed of isothermal jet is represented by following form：
Formula（1）In：
v 0 Air outlet wind speed, m/s；
v m Isothermal jet axis speed, m/s；
A- turbulence factors, cylindrical jet pipe are 0.08, and slit spout is 0.11 ~ 0.12；
S- plasma jet range length, m；
R0Air-supply port radius or equivalent radius, m；
In present invention, it is desirable to calculating non-isothermal jet axis speed, the derivation of calculation formula is built upon the former Soviet Union
R.H. on the basis of the obtained related achievement in research of A Bola Abramovich, when jet stream is there are when temperature difference, non-isothermal difference jets
A buoyancy item because of caused by fluid density contrast more than isothermal jet.Therefore, the Air Temperature caused by solar energy heating plate
Difference has the acceleration a risenm：
amAir-flow climb acceleration（m/s2 ）；
T i -Jet stream isiAbsolute temperature at row air-supply air outlet, K；
THAbsolute temperature of the jet stream at the 0.1H height of vitellarium, K；
ΔT0-=T i -TH- theiThe jet stream temperature difference, K at row air outlet；
G- acceleration of gravity, m/s2。
Therefore, it is needed in non-isothermal jet to jet axis speedIt is modified.For non-isothermal jetIf
Its axis speed knots modification, for the jet stream that direction is downward, the acceleration of the jet stream is, peer-to-peer both sides into
The calculating formula of the available temperature difference circular jet axis speed vertically downward of row time integral：
For triangle wind gap, when the ratio between the long side in its air port and short side are no more than 3:1, jet stream at this time can be quickly from triangle
Circle is developed into, then is handled according to Circular Jet；It, should be with the equivalent radius of triangle wind gap when air port is triangleIt substitutes into the calculating formula of Circular Jet and calculates, be the triangle length of side, the bottom edge length of side is defined as the triangle length of side.
The final axis speed of Heated Jets vertically downward is expressed as form：
It consults《The practical heat supplying air conditioning design manual second edition》It is found that the turbulence factor of circular spout is 0.08, for formula（4）In
The determination of turbulence factor a is then by carrying out experiment test under isothermal jet operating mode, compared using circular spout and use
4 jet axis speed of triangle air outlet proposed by the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, can release air outlet 4 proposed by the present invention pair
The turbulence factor value answered is 0.14.Therefore bring a=0.14 into formula（4）Formula can be obtained（5）：
There are certain coupled relations between three row air ports, can not independently solve, in order to determine the air supply velocity of air outlet, still need to
Predefine the temperature difference at air-supply open area and air port.According to air outlet regular size size, in conjunction with greenhouse length direction
Change of temperature field, in 0.95H（H indicates greenhouse height）The triangle air outlet 4 of the different length of sides of setting 6 at height（See
Fig. 1）, and install pressure fan for them.3 air outlets are arranged in the side apart from solar chimney 2, and each column reduces one thereafter
It is a, three row are arranged altogether.First row air outlet is based on hoisting safety and considers with air-supply uniformity, apart from solar chimney air outlet
2 L/15 (L indicate greenhouse length), interval 4L/15 arrangements between remaining air outlet, spacing is 4W/ between the air outlet of each column
15（W indicates greenhouse width）Arrangement, as shown in Figure 5.
It is determined each column air port individually below and goes out wind velocity：
（1）Determine first row air port goes out wind velocity：
Numerical Simulation is carried out to Indoor Flow Field of the greenhouse using solar chimney in the case of no air-supply arrangement,
Obtain the thermo parameters method in greenhouse；The cross-section temperature field cloud atlas along greenhouse length direction at air outlet mounting height is intercepted, is obtained
To the Boltzmann curves met along the temperature distributing rule of greenhouse length direction in Origin basic function functions
Distribution pattern, function expression are：
In formula：X is position coordinates of the air outlet along greenhouse length direction（Direction is from indoor air outlet 3 to exhaust outlet 5）, m；L
For greenhouse length, m；T1The absolute temperature along greenhouse length direction, K；
By formula（6）In T1The absolute temperature at air outlet, which is penetrated, as stream substitutes into formula（5）, obtain the jet axis in workspace
Speed：
It is calculated by the Indoor Flow Field Numerical Simulation in the case of no air-supply arrangement, obtains the weighting at the 0.1H height of workspace
Mean temperature TH, it is taken as 307.8K；And according to the requirement for workspace wind speed in greenhouse, penetrating at the height of workspace
Flow axis speedIt is taken as 1m/s, first row scenery resource quality is at 2L/15（I.e. x takes 2L/15）, utilize formula（7）, it is calculated
One lists and goes out wind velocity v at air port1, specific to indicate such as formula 8：
Arrange that air outlet need to reach the requirement of balanced ventilation in greenhouse, in order to make the air outlet of different installed positions send out
Heat reaches uniform, i.e. the air-supply heat flow of different location air outlet is identical, then need to design different sizes along greenhouse length direction
The air outlet of size, to ensure that canopy temperature field distribution is uniform.According to heat Calculation formula, obtain sending at first row air outlet
The calculating formula of wind-heat amount：
In formula：
C- specific heat capacities, J/kg K；
M- air-supply quality, kg；
Supply air temperature difference, K；
ρ-atmospheric density, kg/m3；
l1The first row air outlet length of side, m；
v1First row air outlet wind speed, m/s;
THAbsolute temperature of the jet stream at the 1m height of workspace, K；
X- air outlets are along the position coordinates of greenhouse length direction, m；
L- greenhouse length, m.
（2）Determine secondary series air port goes out wind velocity：
Numerical simulation mould is carried out to Indoor Flow Field of the greenhouse using solar chimney when being disposed with first row air outlet
It is quasi-, obtain the Temperature Distribution in greenhouse.And the Temperature Distribution at air outlet mounting height in the x-direction is extracted, it obtains long along greenhouse
The temperature distributing rule in degree direction meets the Boltzmann curve distribution patterns in Origin basic function functions,
Function expression is：
In formula：X is the position coordinates along greenhouse length direction, m；L is greenhouse length, m.
By formula（10）In T2As absolute temperature of the jet stream at air outlet, formula is substituted into（5）, obtain penetrating in workspace
Flow axis speed：
Formula（11）In, workspace 0.1H height is calculated by the Indoor Flow Field Numerical Simulation in the case of no air-supply arrangement
The weighted mean T at placeH, it is taken as 307.8K；And according to the requirement for workspace wind speed in greenhouse, in workspace
Jet axis speed at heightIt is taken as 1m/s, secondary series air outlet is arranged at 2L/5（I.e. x takes 2L/5）, by（11）Formula
It is calculated at secondary series air outlet and goes out wind velocity v2, as shown in Equation 12：
Arrange that air port need to reach the requirement of balanced ventilation in greenhouse, for the heat for making the air outlet of different installed positions send out
Amount reaches uniform, i.e. the air-supply heat of different location air outlet is identical, and the present invention is big along the different sizes of greenhouse length direction design
Small air outlet, to ensure that canopy temperature field distribution is uniform.According to the air-supply at first row air outlet and secondary series air outlet
Heat is equal, can obtain：
In formula：
C- specific heat capacities, J/kg K；
M- air-supply quality, kg；
ρ-atmospheric density, kg/m3；
l1The first row air outlet length of side, m；
l2The secondary series air outlet length of side, m；
v1First row air outlet wind speed, m/s;
v2Secondary series air outlet wind speed, m/s;
THAbsolute temperature of the jet stream at the 1m height of workspace, K；
X- air outlets are along the position coordinates of greenhouse length direction, m；
L- greenhouse length, m.
Solution formula（13）, can obtain secondary series air outlet length of side l2, as shown in Equation 14：
Thus it obtains meeting along greenhouse length direction different location, under ensureing that air-supply heat is identical, between different air ports sizes
Correspondence.
（3）Determine third row air port goes out wind velocity：
It is imitative that numerical value is carried out to Indoor Flow Field of the greenhouse using solar chimney when being disposed with the first, second row air outlet
True simulation, obtains the thermo parameters method in greenhouse.And the section temperature distribution at air outlet mounting height in the x-direction is extracted, it obtains
To the Poly curve distribution patterns met along the temperature distributing rule of greenhouse length direction in Polynomial functions, function table
It is up to formula：
In formula：X is the position coordinates along greenhouse length direction, m；L is greenhouse length, m.
It will（15）T in formula3As absolute temperature of the jet stream at air outlet, substitute into（5）Formula can be obtained in workspace
Jet axis speed calculation formula, as follows：
Formula（16）In, workspace 0.1H height is calculated by the Indoor Flow Field Numerical Simulation in the case of no air-supply arrangement
The weighted mean T at placeH, it is taken as 307.8K；And according to the requirement for workspace wind speed in greenhouse, in workspace
Jet axis speed at heightIt is taken as 1m/s, third row air outlet is arranged at 2L/3, therefore x values are 2L/3, by
（16）Formula, which is calculated at third row air outlet, goes out wind velocity v3, concrete form is as shown in Equation 17：
Arrange that air port need to reach the requirement of balanced ventilation in greenhouse, for the heat for making the air port of different installed positions send out
Reach uniform, the air outlet of different sizes need to be designed along greenhouse length direction, to ensure that canopy temperature field distribution is uniform.
It is equal with the air-supply heat at third row air outlet according to first row air outlet, it can obtain：
In formula：
C- specific heat capacities, J/kg K；
M- air-supply quality, kg；
ρ-atmospheric density, kg/m3；
l1The first row air outlet length of side, m；
l3The third row air outlet length of side, m；
v1First row air outlet wind speed, m/s;
v3Third row air outlet wind speed, m/s;
THAbsolute temperature of the jet stream at the 1m height of workspace, K；
X- is along the position coordinates of greenhouse length direction, m；
L- greenhouse length, m.
Solution formula（18）, can obtain third row air outlet length of side l3, as shown in Equation 19：
Thus it obtains meeting along greenhouse length direction different location, under ensureing that air-supply heat is identical, between different air ports sizes
Correspondence.
So far, according to the calculating formula of the revised vertical temperature-difference jet axis speed of the present invention, the speed of air outlet has been obtained
Degree distribution.Simultaneously using the method for recursion, in conjunction with temperature field of solar chimney greenhouse in the case of no air outlet 4 point
Cloth releases the latter air outlet parameter from previous air outlet parameter, final to determine along greenhouse length direction different location air port
Functional relation between size, balanced draft heat realize balanced ventilation.
The optimization of air outlet form
According to the flow-pressure characteristic curve of wind turbine it is found that air outlet speed and pressure fan pressure are there are certain functional relation,
And then jet flow can be calculated according to jet velocity and jet stream area of section, to calculate the pressure at air outlet.In addition, this hair
It is bright also air outlet wind speed, pressure have been determined in the case of, in conjunction with flow field temperature distributing characteristic, air outlet form is improved.
The specific method is as follows：
First, 4 operating mode of air outlet progress Numerical Simulation is not being arranged to the greenhouse using solar chimney, is being obtained big
Thermo parameters method in canopy extracts the Temperature Distribution cloud atlas at 4 mounting height of air outlet.By Temperature Distribution cloud atlas it is found that sending
At 4 arrangement of air port, there are larger temperature gradient, each temperature isopleth to show the identical regularity of distribution in entire temperature field,
Wherein one progress data fitting is chosen, the isothermal regularity of distribution of each item is obtained and meets in Peak Functions functions
The distribution pattern of InvsPloy curves, function expression are as shown in Equation 20：
In formula：X, y is respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, and for coordinate origin in the wall bottom centre being connected with solar chimney, wherein x is square
To the vertex for being directed toward exhaust outlet from triangle base one end, y positive directions along bottom edge direction obliquely, the vertical side of facing directly of z positive directions
To upward, other constant term parameters are x0=-3.9, yc=0.0016, w=16.4, A=10.2, A1=0.32, A2=0, A3=2.56。
According to formulaCalculate the air-supply heat of each air outlet, whereinFor temperature weighted at air outlet
The difference of temperature weighted average value in average value and workspace.As shown in Figure 7, temperature gradient is larger at air outlet, leads to length side
Rearwards each row wind pushing temperature constantly reduces the temperature difference increase so that with vitellarium, eventually causes air output increase.To reduce energy
Consumption reduces fan noise, saves operating cost, under the premise of ensureing that air-supply heat is constant, by air outlet edge line and formula 20
The thermoisopleth overlaps, and improves its weighted area wind pushing temperature, also reduces air-supply while reducing the air output of single air outlet
Mouth size realizes wind turbine consumption reduction, the dual-effect energy-saving of air port consumptive material reduction.
Preferably, under along greenhouse length direction in a manner of three row arrangements totally 6 air outlets, first row air-supply
Mouth, secondary series air outlet, third row air outlet are respectively 2m, 6m, 10m apart from indoor air inlet 3；Between each column inner wind outlet 4
Away from for 4m；The mounting height of air outlet 4 is 9.5m, as shown in Figure 5.
Preferably, air outlet 4 is all made of triangle, using triangle base as the length of side of triangle.Preferably, first,
Two, the length of side of three row air outlets is respectively 400mm, 500mm and 750mm.
Different in order to adapt to the different growth phase growing height of crop, all air outlets 4 can integrally vertically
It is moved up and down in a certain range, the 0-0.5H of lower section at mobile range 0.95H.Specifically, using can be stretched in vertical direction
The load carrier 6 of contracting, it is preferred that load carrier can be mounted on by multiple telescopic rods in the lower section of greenhouse top plate.
The telescopic rod, which can be used, to be manually controlled flexible or automatically controls flexible, under this mode, can be driven mounted on load carrier 6
It vertically moves up and down in a certain range, the distance so as to adjust air outlet 4 relative to crop, to adapt to crop difference
Growth phase in different growing height.
Embodiment：
The length of the present embodiment medium temperature chamber greenhouse is 15m, wide 15m, high 10m.Greenhouse volume 1125m3, rate of ventilation according to《Temperature
Room heating system construct and design specification》1 time/h is taken, therefore the size of solar panels is divided by according to greenhouse volume and rate of ventilation
To 1125m3/h, inlet shape is identical as greenhouse shape, by triangle base（Width）As the length of side of triangle, according to hair
To the derivation of the functional relation of the different location air port length of side in bright content, i.e.,, in the present embodiment
It is blown using triangle wind gap, presets the length of side l in first row air port1For 400mm, then according to the different location air port length of side
Functional relation can obtain, and the length of side in second, third row air port is respectively 500mm, 750mm.Simultaneously optimize inlet shape be allowed to
Thermoisopleth overlaps, and air port outer edge curve meets the distribution pattern of InvsPloy curves in Peak Functions functions, letter
Number tabular form, which reaches, is：
In formula：X, y is respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, other constant term parameters are x0=-3.9, yc=0.0016, w=16.4, A=10.2,
A1=0.32, A2=0, A3=2.56。
Effect of blowing in the present embodiment is shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, can be seen that from Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 when being fitted without air-supply arrangement,
Speed is smaller in workspace, and canopy internal upper part heat cannot be effectively delivered in workspace, and not enough heats feed vegetables life
It is long.After increasing air-supply arrangement, greenhouse top hot-air quickly enters workspace, provides preference temperature for vegetables, and then be fruits and vegetables
Create a suitable growth microenvironment.As seen from Figure 12, when not having air-supply arrangement, the Temperature Distribution in workspace is not
Uniformly, there is apparent temperature gradient in greenhouse centre position, maximum temperature difference reaches 3 DEG C, before greenhouse rear part temperature is apparently higher than
Portion region, both sides thermo parameters method is more uniform after increasing air-supply arrangement, and temperature gradient is smaller in entire workspace, maximum temperature difference
It is reduced within 1 DEG C, the temperature distribution evenness that can be effectively improved in workspace, the normal growth of fruits and vegetables during guarantee winter.
Simultaneously to meet power conservation requirement, by changing air outlet device form, it is allowed to consistent with thermoisopleth trend, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11
It is shown.Temperature gradient is larger at former scenery resource quality, and wind pushing temperature is made to reduce, and air outlet wind pushing temperature improves after changing shape,
In the case of ensureing that air port air-supply heat is identical, air output can be reduced, to reach energy saving purpose.It can see in the present embodiment
Go out, adding solar chimney and air outlet device can effectively be delivered to heat workspace forward position, air outlet ruler quickly
Very little variation continuous along its length, it is ensured that each air outlet air-supply heat is consistent so that temperature of shed is evenly distributed.In addition,
The air outlet of size variation can also make the reduction of wind turbine stagnation pressure, reduce entire ventilating system energy expenditure.
What has been described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art,
Under the premise of not departing from general idea of the present invention, several changes and improvements can also be made, these should also be considered as the present invention's
Protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system, including the sun that is arranged on the wall of greenhouse side
It can chimney, the outdoor air inlet of solar chimney lower end and solar chimney upper end and greenhouse wall sidewall upper phase
Logical indoor air inlet, which is characterized in that at least provided with two air outlets, the wind outlet sectional area of air outlet at the top of greenhouse
To far from being sequentially increased at indoor air inlet from indoor air inlet, air outlet connects wind turbine；Greenhouse other side wall bottom
Portion is equipped with exhaust outlet, and air outlet is parallel to setting at the top of greenhouse, and the air outlet is triangle, bottom edge and high length phase
Deng it be the triangle length of side or the optimization structure that air outlet is triangle to define bottom edge length, and the bottom edge of optimization structure is not
Become, optimization sideline is overlapped with temperature isopleth.
2. triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the air outlet
The side equation that contour line optimizes structure is as follows：
In formula：X, y is respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, m；x0=-3.9, yc=0.0016, w=16.4, A=10.2, A1=0.32, A2=0, A3=
2.56。
3. triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the air outlet
It is whole to be connect with a telescopic load carrier.
4. triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the air outlet
6 are shared, they arrange that the appearance and size of each column inner wind outlet is identical, and adjacent column is sent along greenhouse length direction in three row
The appearance and size in air port is different.
5. triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that three row are sent
The relationship of the air port length of side is as follows, i.e.,
In formula,l 1,l 2,l 3The respectively length of side of the first, second and third row air outlet.
6. triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that described first,
Second, third row air outlet length of side is respectively 400mm, 500mm and 750mm.
7. triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the air outlet
It is whole under load carrier drive lower in the vertical direction to move.
8. triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that first row is blown
Mouthful centre distance solar chimney air outlet is 2L/15, and spacing is arranged at 4L/15 between remaining two row air outlet, in each column
The spacing of each air outlet is 4W/15, wherein W indicates the bottom edge length of side of triangle greenhouse base triangle, i.e. greenhouse width, L
Indicate the height on the bottom edge of triangle greenhouse base triangle, i.e. greenhouse length.
9. triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that first row is blown
Mouth, secondary series air outlet, third row air outlet centre-to-centre spacing indoor air inlet are respectively 2m, 6m, 10m；Each air outlet in each column
Spacing is 4m, and the mounting height of air outlet is 9.5m.
10. triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described first
The air supply velocity of row air outlet is：
The air supply velocity of the secondary series air outlet is：
The air supply velocity of the third row air outlet is：
In formula,v 1,v 2,v 3 Respectively the first, second and third row air outlet air supply velocity,l 1,l 2,l 3Respectively first, second and third row are sent
The length of side in air port.
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| CN201810651391.1A CN108800383A (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | A kind of triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system |
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| CN201810651391.1A CN108800383A (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | A kind of triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110613996A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-27 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Self-adaptive water mist dust removal system for casting workshop |
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