CN108934260A - A method of yield of rape and lodging resistance are improved using suitable soil ploughed depth simultaneously - Google Patents
A method of yield of rape and lodging resistance are improved using suitable soil ploughed depth simultaneously Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108934260A CN108934260A CN201810935781.1A CN201810935781A CN108934260A CN 108934260 A CN108934260 A CN 108934260A CN 201810935781 A CN201810935781 A CN 201810935781A CN 108934260 A CN108934260 A CN 108934260A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rape
- yield
- ploughed depth
- lodging resistance
- depth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to rapeseed cultivation technical fields, and in particular to a method of yield of rape and lodging resistance are improved using suitable soil ploughed depth simultaneously.This improves the method for yield of rape and lodging resistance using suitable soil ploughed depth the following steps are included: carrying out Soil tillage before sowing simultaneously, and the suitable ploughed depth taken is 15~25cm.The method that yield of rape and lodging resistance are improved simultaneously using suitable Soil tillage depth provided by through the invention, can simultaneously the grain yield for significantly improving rape and plant lodging tolerance, it can inhibit the generation of weeds well again, to can further improve the yield and lodging resistance of direct-sowing rape again.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rapeseed cultivation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of to improve oil simultaneously using suitable soil ploughed depth
The method of dish yield and lodging resistance.
Background technique
Rape is one of big oil crops in the world four and the fifth-largest crop in China and important food plant oil source,
Stablize and improve supply contradiction of the rapeseed yield to the edible vegetable oil for alleviating China, increases the supply of forage protein to closing weight
It wants.
Obtain higher Oil-seed yield, it can be ensured that the economic well-being of workers and staff of peasant household, improve Cotton Varieties by Small Farming Households rape enthusiasm and
Stablize rapeseed cultivation area, play the role of the contradiction for alleviating the supply of China's edible vegetable oil, and forage protein supply can be increased；
The lodging resistance of the culm for improving direct-sowing rape can reduce the mechanical harvest loss late of rape, improve mechanical work efficiency, be conducive to
The popularization of rape production mechanization production technology reduces labour's investment, improves income.But in the actual production of rape, high yield and anti-
Property often contradiction each other.The application of some unreasonable cultivation steps causes while pursuing high yield, along with lodging resistance
It declines to a great extent.After lodging resistance decline, rape mechanical harvest loss late is not only resulted in and is sharply increased, mechanical work efficiency decline, and
And it can also reduce the yield and quality of rapeseed.Therefore, in actual production, using suitable cultivation technique, collaboration improves rape
Yield is particularly important with lodging resistance.
Rapeseed yield can be improved in good root system development, and rape stem lodging resistance also can be improved in good root system development.
But China rape main producing region is mainly distributed on the Yangtze river basin.The rape in the area 80% uses Rice-rape rotation mode, the region mould
Under formula, soil moisture content is higher, and the glutinous weight of soil property, rape root development is poor, limits the performance of yield of rape Yu anti-fall potentiality.
And Soil tillage can improve a variety of physics and chemistry of rice field topsoil soils as a main tillage control measure for improving soil texture
Character is conducive to rape root development, so as to cooperate with the yield and lodging resistance that improve rape.In addition, Soil tillage may be used also
Largely to reduce the Teaching practice base density of topsoil soils, so that some number of weeds for being difficult to sprout in deep soil
Amount greatly reduces, to mitigate weeds in Rapeseed Field, a situation arises, improves the utilization rate of fertilizer of rape, further increases rape
Yield and lodging resistance.The important parameter of Soil tillage quality is to ensure that using suitable ploughed depth.But it is practical in rice stubble rape
In production, peasant household and operator of farm machinery not yet recognize that suitable soil ploughed depth can coordinate direct-sowing rape yield well and resist
The contradiction of property.Therefore, in actual production, especially under highly dense planting conditions, rapeseed plants root system and overground part are competed
Aggravation, and use be suitable for ploughed depth, promote rape root growth, to its yield further increase and the enhancing of lodging resistance
It is particularly important.
Summary of the invention
To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, rape is improved using suitable soil ploughed depth simultaneously the present invention provides a kind of
The method of yield and lodging resistance.The grain yield of rape and the lodging tolerance of plant are significantly improved, and can be pressed down well
The generation of weeds processed, to can further improve direct-sowing rape yield and lodging resistance.
Technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:
A method of yield of rape and lodging resistance being improved using suitable soil ploughed depth simultaneously, which is characterized in that packet
It includes following steps: carrying out Soil tillage before sowing, ploughed depth is 5~30cm.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, by carrying out Soil tillage before sowing, grain yield and the plant of rape can be improved
Lodging tolerance, and be able to suppress the generation of weeds.
Specifically, the mode of live streaming is taken to carry out rapeseed cultivation after turning over.
Specifically, ploughed depth is 15~25cm.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, when ploughed depth is 15~25cm, the single plant silique numbers of rapeseed plants, Seed number per pod,
For single plant yield with the increase of Soil tillage depth, presentation first increases the trend reduced afterwards, and is 15 in Soil tillage depth
Reach high value when~25cm；And seed mass of 1000 kernel and at strain rate then with ploughed depth increase and increase.Actual production and theory
Yield is with the increase of Soil tillage depth, and presentation first increases the trend reduced afterwards, and in 15~25cm of Soil tillage
Reach high value.Test result shows that soil deep tillage processing can be improved rapeseed yield, and with deep 15~25cm treatment effect
Preferably, effect of increasing production is most significant.
Specifically, the planting density of rape is more than or equal to 500,000 plants of hm-2。
Further, the planting density of rape is more than or equal to 600,000 plants of hm-2
Further, ploughed depth is 18~22cm.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, when ploughed depth is 18~22cm, the single plant silique numbers of rapeseed plants, Seed number per pod,
For single plant yield with the increase of Soil tillage depth, presentation first increases the trend reduced afterwards, and is 18 in Soil tillage depth
Reach peak when~22cm；And seed mass of 1000 kernel and at strain rate then with ploughed depth increase and increase.Actual production and theory
Yield is with the increase of Soil tillage depth, and presentation first increases the trend reduced afterwards, and in 18~22cm of Soil tillage
Reach peak.Test result shows that soil deep tillage processing can be improved rapeseed yield, and with deep 18~22cm treatment effect
Preferably, effect of increasing production is most significant.
It is specific:
Yield is more than or equal to 3400kghm-2；
Lodging index is less than or equal to 1.40gcmg-1；
The biomass of weeds ox chickweed is less than or equal to 660kghm-2；The biomass of weeds caput grass is less than or equal to
175kg·hm-2；The biomass of weeds amur foxtail is less than or equal to 55kghm-2。
When ploughed depth is 20cm, yield, lodging index and the weed biomass of rapeseed cultivation can achieve above-mentioned
Optimum value.
Specifically, applying 550~650kghm before sowing-2Compound fertilizer and 14~16kghm-2Borax makees base manure；Five leaves
Phase applies 110~115kghm-2Urea makees seed manure；A kind of sedge phase applies 35~40kghm-2Urea makees a kind of sedge fertilizer.
Generally, provided through the invention that yield of rape and lodging resistance are improved using suitable soil ploughed depth simultaneously
Method, the grain yield of rape and the lodging tolerance of plant can be significantly improved, and the hair of weeds can be inhibited well
It is raw, to can further improve direct-sowing rape yield and lodging resistance.While the high grain yield of rapeseed of acquisition and lodging resistance,
And it can preferably inhibit the generation of weeds.
Specific embodiment
The principles and features of the present invention are described below, and illustrated embodiment is served only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to
It limits the scope of the invention.
Content of the test
This test was carried out in -2018 years 2017 in Hua Zhong Agriculture University proving ground, and processing factor is that Soil tillage is deep
It spends (5cm, 10cm, 20cm, 30cm), test material is that China is No. 5 double, using 600,000 plants of hm-2High-density planting, in 2017 9
The moon is sowed by the way of artificial drilling on the 28th, line-spacing 25cm, seedling during 3 leaves, 5 leaf phase final singlings, plot area 20m2, each place
3 repetitions are managed, each cell is consistent with fertilizer, applies 600kghm before sowing-2Compound fertilizer (N: P2O5∶K2O=15%: 15%:
And 15kghm 15%)-2Borax makees base manure, and five leaf phases applied 112.5kghm-2Urea (nitrogen content 46%) makees seed manure, a kind of sedge phase
Apply 37.5kghm-2Urea makees a kind of sedge fertilizer, other management are the same as conventional.
Species test in May, 2018 is surveyed and is produced.Continuous 10 plants of maturity period each cell are taken, the effective silique number of single plant, every silique grain are investigated
Number, mass of 1000 kernel, single plant yield Isoquant composing indexes take 10m in each cell2Unbroken part harvesting, which is surveyed, to be produced.
Primary effectively branch position height is measured, after removing contracting stem section, divides it in average into 4 sections (labeled as 1,2,3,4
Section, using most proximal segment is paragraph 1 from the ground, upwards in turn, one section close to branch is the 4th section), it is limited using Zhejiang Top instrument
The YYD-1 straw stiffness analyzer of company's production measures four sections of intermediate position fracture resistence forces respectively.Lodging index (cmgg-1)=
Highly (cm) × fresh weight (g)/fracture resistence force (g), (herein height and fresh weight be measurement stem section to respective heights at the top of plant with it is fresh
Weight, fracture resistence force are fracture resistence force at the intermediate 10cm of this section).(maximum) of the lodging index maximum value crop plant in four sections is taken to lodge
Index, corresponding this section of stalk fracture resistence force are plant stalk fracture resistence force.
Postpartum is surveyed, takes 4m in each cell at random2, weeds type is measured, then, is respectively gathered in various weeds from root,
Drying measures biomass.
Test result and analysis
1, influence of the ploughed depth to yield of rape and constituent element
It can be obtained by 1 data of table, the single plant silique numbers of rapeseed plants, Seed number per pod, single plant yield are with Soil tillage
The increase of depth, presentation first increases the trend reduced afterwards, and reaches maximum value when Soil tillage depth is 20cm；And seed thousand
Grain is heavy and then increases with ploughed depth at strain rate and increases.Actual production and theoretical yield are with the increasing of Soil tillage depth
Add, presentation first increases the trend reduced afterwards, and reaches maximum value in Soil tillage 20cm.Test result shows soil depth
Turning over processing can be improved rapeseed yield, and best to plough deeply 20cm treatment effect, and effect of increasing production is most significant.
Influence (2017-2018) of 1 ploughed depth of table to direct-sowing rape yield and yield forming
Note: different letters indicate that difference reaches the level of signifiance (P < 0.05).
2, ploughed depth influences rape stem lodging index of correlation
It can be obtained by 2 data of table, with the increase of Soil tillage depth, plant height, the rootstock of rapeseed plants slightly become in increase
Gesture, and reach maximum value when Soil tillage is 30cm；The overground part fresh weight of rapeseed plants and the fracture resistence force of stalk are with soil
The increase of ploughed depth reaches maximum value in first increasing the trend reduced afterwards, and when ploughed depth is 20cm.Rape stem falls
It lies prostrate index and is its minimum value, says in increased trend after first reducing, and when turning over 20cm with the increase of Soil tillage depth
It is bright under this ploughed depth, the lodging resistance of rape stem is most strong.Show that soil difference ploughed depth has rapeseed plants lodging resistance
It significantly affects, ploughs deeply processing and be better than shallowly turning over processing, and is best to plough deeply 20cm effect, rapeseed plants is anti-under this ploughed depth
Property is best.
Influence (2017-2018) of 2 ploughed depth of table to rape stem lodging index of correlation
Note: different letters indicate that difference reaches the level of signifiance (P < 0.05).
3, the influence that weeds occur for ploughed depth
Weeds largely occur, and the mineral nutrient amount of consumption is increase accordingly, to limit mentioning for yield of rape and lodging resistance
It is high.It can be obtained by 3 data of table, as Soil tillage depth increases, weeds type and biomass are in the trend of reduction, are turned in soil
Tilling depth degree reaches minimum value when being 30cm.Weed biomass when Soil tillage depth is 30cm, reduces when relatively turning over 5cm
58.54%, it is remarkably decreased.Dominant weed ox chickweed, amur foxtail biomass soil deep tillage processing under be also significantly suppressed,
It is consistent with weeds total biomass result, increase with Soil tillage depth and reduce, has minimum value in Soil tillage 30cm；When
When Soil tillage depth is shallower than 20cm, the influence to dominant weed caput grass biomass is not significant, and when ploughed depth reaches
When 30cm, biomass is significantly reduced.Show that soil deep ploughing significantly suppresses the generation of weeds, and with Soil tillage depth
Increase, weeds are by being inhibited more significant.Nutrient needed for growth of rape is protected, and can obtain higher yield and resist
Property.
The influence (2017-2018) that direct-sowing rape weeds occur for 3 ploughed depth of table
Note: different letters indicate that difference reaches the level of signifiance (P < 0.05).
Based on the above results, soil deep ploughing processing processing significantly improves the grain yield of rape and the energy resistant to lodging of plant
Power, and the generation of weeds can be inhibited well, to can further improve direct-sowing rape yield and lodging resistance.High density live streaming
The best ploughed depth of rapeseed cultivation is 20cm, and under this ploughed depth, the grain yield highest of rape, lodging resistance is best, and
The generation of weeds can preferably be inhibited.Therefore, in actual production, it is not necessary that it is too deep to Soil tillage, it is turned in certain
Just can ensure to obtain higher rapeseed yield and preferable plant lodging resistance under tilling depth degree, but can reduce the energy need not
Production cost is saved in the consumption wanted.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for improving yield of rape and lodging resistance simultaneously using suitable soil ploughed depth, which is characterized in that including
Following steps: carrying out Soil tillage before rape seed, ploughed depth is 5~30cm.
2. the method according to claim 1 that yield of rape and lodging resistance are improved simultaneously using suitable soil ploughed depth,
It is characterized by: the mode of live streaming is taken to carry out rapeseed cultivation after turning over.
3. the method according to claim 2 that yield of rape and lodging resistance are improved simultaneously using suitable soil ploughed depth,
It is characterized by: ploughed depth is 15~25cm.
4. the method according to claim 3 that yield of rape and lodging resistance are improved simultaneously using suitable soil ploughed depth,
It is characterized by: the planting density of rape is more than or equal to 500,000 plants of hm-2。
5. the method according to claim 4 that yield of rape and lodging resistance are improved simultaneously using suitable soil ploughed depth,
It is characterized by: ploughed depth is 18~22cm.
6. the method according to claim 5 that yield of rape and lodging resistance are improved simultaneously using suitable soil ploughed depth,
It is characterized by:
The yield of rape is more than or equal to 3400kghm-2；
The lodging index of rape is less than or equal to 1.40gcmg-1；
The biomass of weeds ox chickweed is less than or equal to 660kghm in field-2；The biomass of weeds caput grass is less than or equal to
175kg·hm-2；The biomass of weeds amur foxtail is less than or equal to 55kghm-2。
7. according to any one of claims 1 to 6 improve yield of rape and lodging resistance using suitable soil ploughed depth simultaneously
Method, it is characterised in that: sowing before apply 550~650kghm-2Compound fertilizer and 14~16kghm-2Borax makees base manure；
Five leaf phases applied 110~115kghm-2Urea makees seed manure；A kind of sedge phase applies 35~40kghm-2Urea makees a kind of sedge fertilizer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810935781.1A CN108934260A (en) | 2018-08-16 | 2018-08-16 | A method of yield of rape and lodging resistance are improved using suitable soil ploughed depth simultaneously |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810935781.1A CN108934260A (en) | 2018-08-16 | 2018-08-16 | A method of yield of rape and lodging resistance are improved using suitable soil ploughed depth simultaneously |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108934260A true CN108934260A (en) | 2018-12-07 |
Family
ID=64470137
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810935781.1A Pending CN108934260A (en) | 2018-08-16 | 2018-08-16 | A method of yield of rape and lodging resistance are improved using suitable soil ploughed depth simultaneously |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108934260A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104365335A (en) * | 2014-11-08 | 2015-02-25 | 全椒县尹氏油脂有限公司 | Oilseed rape planting method |
| CN105165370A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2015-12-23 | 池州市农业技术推广中心 | Planting method for preventing sclerotinia rot of colza |
| CN105766305A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-07-20 | 张掖市农业科学研究院 | Oilseed rape cultivation method |
| CN106941907A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-07-14 | 吴明明 | The method that full film double-furrow broadcasts corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter rape |
| CN107197669A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-26 | 甘肃华协农业生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Opius dimidiatus Ashmead nonirrigated farmland micro-ridge transplanting membrane high quality and yield cultivation techniques |
| CN107637448A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2018-01-30 | 天长市高新技术创业服务中心 | A kind of rice, rape rotation method |
-
2018
- 2018-08-16 CN CN201810935781.1A patent/CN108934260A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104365335A (en) * | 2014-11-08 | 2015-02-25 | 全椒县尹氏油脂有限公司 | Oilseed rape planting method |
| CN105165370A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2015-12-23 | 池州市农业技术推广中心 | Planting method for preventing sclerotinia rot of colza |
| CN105766305A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-07-20 | 张掖市农业科学研究院 | Oilseed rape cultivation method |
| CN107637448A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2018-01-30 | 天长市高新技术创业服务中心 | A kind of rice, rape rotation method |
| CN106941907A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-07-14 | 吴明明 | The method that full film double-furrow broadcasts corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter rape |
| CN107197669A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-26 | 甘肃华协农业生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Opius dimidiatus Ashmead nonirrigated farmland micro-ridge transplanting membrane high quality and yield cultivation techniques |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 周晓彬等: "油菜倒伏问题研究进展", 《湖北农业科学》 * |
| 赵启菊等: "油菜倒伏原因及其防止措施", 《农业灾害研究》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105340514B (en) | A kind of drought lotus root volume increase improves the efficient cultivation method of content of starch | |
| CN107306634B (en) | Combined rotation tillage method for wheat and jade double cropping high yield and organic carbon content increase | |
| CN105027940A (en) | Forage grass planting method for rocky desert area and use method thereof | |
| CN105191654A (en) | Intercropping cultivation method of corn and rice beans | |
| CN104396510B (en) | A kind of water cape jasmine land for growing field crops cuttage and seedling culture method | |
| CN104255281A (en) | Sealwort cultivation method | |
| CN103960020A (en) | Lotus root triple-cropping cultivation technique | |
| CN103229656A (en) | Corn-soybean intercropping planting method | |
| CN104620812A (en) | Grass cultivation method of fiery dragon fruit garden | |
| CN103703959A (en) | Method of interplanting ryegrass on pitaya cultivation land | |
| CN104255376A (en) | Method for improving soil fertility of pear gardens at hilly areas of northern subtropical regions in south of China | |
| CN106941907A (en) | The method that full film double-furrow broadcasts corn regrowth hair zero tillage winter rape | |
| CN102715052A (en) | Organic rice cultivation method by utilizing farmland and rice chaff weeding | |
| ZHENG et al. | Effects of soil tillage practice on dry matter production and water use efficiency in wheat | |
| CN104585014A (en) | Improved variety soybean breeding method | |
| CN108848728A (en) | Shajiang black soil topsoil modification method under the conditions of the crop rotation of winter wheat-summer maize system anniversary | |
| CN102523887A (en) | Castor oil plant and polygonatum odoratum interplanting technique | |
| CN104521465A (en) | Cultivation method for interplanting pumpkin in sugar cane field | |
| CN105493802A (en) | Anti-disease high-yield millet cultivation technology | |
| CN107493931A (en) | A kind of method for improveing orchard soil | |
| CN103371035A (en) | Full-film-coating intercropping and plating method for corn and soybeans | |
| CN105103910A (en) | Method for increasing seed production yield of dandelions | |
| CN108076993A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of wild rice stem | |
| CN108934260A (en) | A method of yield of rape and lodging resistance are improved using suitable soil ploughed depth simultaneously | |
| Pepó | Effects of nutrient supply and sowing time on the yield and pathological traits of winter oilseed rape |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20181207 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |