CN108812185A - It is a kind of without native sod culture matrix and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of without native sod culture matrix and preparation method thereof, belongs to agricultural technology technical field.The present invention is using the corn Heading Date In Maize stick rich in plant endogenous hormones as raw material, promote as carbon source and the energy growth of microorganism using the organic matter, the mushroom residue that are rich in the bed mud of fish pond, it is form that is readily soluble, easily absorbing by important element exchanges such as N, P, K in mixed-matrix, improve organic fertilizer fertility, the comprehensive nutrient matrix of nutrition being easily absorbed by plants is made；The present invention utilizes Rare Earth Lanthanum, enhances turf permeability of cell membranes, so enhance cell to the absorption of nutriment, using with conversion, promote the growth of cell and the synthesis and release of secondary metabolite, improve matrix environment, so that the available nutrient content in matrix increases, to promote turf grass growth, reduce nutrient element loss, inhibit the evaporation of bottom water supply in media, increase water content, improves the content of organic matter, further promote lawn growth, shortens growth cycle.

Description

It is a kind of without native sod culture matrix and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of without native sod culture matrix and preparation method thereof, belongs to agricultural technology technical field.

Background technique

Lawn can not only beautify the living environment, and purification air improves miniclimate, reduce noise, and big certainly in maintenance The right ecological balance and the aspect that prevents erosion plays an important role.With the gradual improvement of people's living standard, to life More stringent requirements are proposed for environment living, and traditional sod production is slow in rolls at level ground, and emergence is uneven, and weeds are more, and move every time The topsoil of 3cm or so is taken away when grass planting skin, wastes land resources, destroy original soil texture, and transportation cost is high, Sod less effective.And it is short without the native turf grass growth period, it is fast at the coiled speed in level ground, it is convenient and easy, it can be with intensive factory's metaplasia It produces, therefore the superiority without native turf is further obvious, gradually substitutes traditional turf, become mainly becoming for current Development of Turf Gesture.It was to utilize soilless culture substrate peat, rock wool, perlite, vermiculite etc., but these in the past in terms of without native compounded turf matrix selection Material relative cost is higher, and is then greatly reduced and be produced into without native turf by the production of the wastes such as sludge, rubbish, mushroom residue This, and there has also been certain development for the research of this aspect, using the waste in production and living, can both reduce in city and give up Gurry is piled up, beautifying urban environment, and can make the cyclic utilization of waste, is turned waste into wealth, and is met China's sustainable development and is followed Ring expanding economy requirement, while there is huge environmental benefit and economic benefit.

The research starting of external non-earth greensward cultivation ground mass is more early.Research direction mainly using agriculture and industry waste as The organic substrate of soilless cultivation, for example, cocoanut fiber, peat, sucrose, bank up bark, saw dust, rice husk, mushroom residue, humus, Sludge etc..In contrast, nutritive element content is relatively fewer in the inorganic cultivation matrix such as foamed plastics, glass fibre, it is difficult to full The needs of sufficient turfgrass plant growth, and application and management cost are relatively high, are not suitable for being widely applied, but organic The physicochemical character the change of divergence amplitude of soilless culture substrate is larger, and stability is relatively poor, usually makes lawn uneven, therefore By organic soilless cultivation matrix and inorganic soilless culture substrate carry out it is appropriate be used in mixed way, can maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones, solve single The defect of type soilless culture substrate.Currently, being produced without native turf using the mixed-matrix of inorganic matrix and organic substrate As the new hot spot without native sod culture area research.

Summary of the invention

The technical problems to be solved by the invention：Long for traditional sod production period, when harvest, takes away a large amount of surface soils, wave It provides a kind of without native sod culture matrix and preparation method thereof the problem of taking land resources, destroying original soil texture.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that：

Described be laid in above bottom matrix without native sod culture matrix by nutrient matrix is composed.

The nutrient matrix and the mass ratio of bottom matrix are 2：1~3：1.

The nutrient matrix is pretreatment fish pond bed mud, pretreatment corn ear powder, pretreatment mushroom residue, domestic waste Landfill percolate is fitted into fermentation in fermenter after mixing and is made.

Pretreatment fish pond bed mud, pretreatment corn ear powder, pretreatment mushroom residue, city life garbage landfill diafiltration The parts by weight of liquid are 3~4 parts of pretreatment fish pond bed muds, 0.5~0.8 part of pretreatment corn ear powder, 1.0~1.2 parts of pretreatment mushrooms Mushroom slag, 0.3~0.5 part of percolation liquid of city life garbage landfill.

The fermentation process is to be fitted into fermenter that be placed in dissolved oxygen be to control temperature in the environment of 0.8~1.2mg/L Be 20~28 DEG C, humidity be 70~80%, fermentation reactor system 15~20 days.

The pretreatment corn ear powder is made to crush after corn Heading Date In Maize stick natural air drying, the pretreatment fish pond Bed mud is that fish pond bed mud is fitted into natural wind dry doubling after filters pressing to water content is 70~80% in filter press and crushes and is made, the pre- place Mushroom residue is managed to be made for mushroom residue drying and crushing.

It with mass fraction is 0.1% that the bottom matrix, which is after vermiculite, river sand, perlite, zeolite, the sieving of Carapax Eriocheir sinensis ball milling, Lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, which is uniformly mixed, to be made.

The vermiculite, river sand, perlite, zeolite, Carapax Eriocheir sinensis, lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate parts by weight be 4~8 parts of vermiculites, 6~12 Part river sand, 4~8 parts of perlites, 1~2 part of zeolite, 3~5 parts of Carapax Eriocheir sinensis, 1~2 part of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate.

It is a kind of without native sod culture matrix, the specific steps are：

（1）It by corn Heading Date In Maize stick, is added in pulverizer and crushes after natural air drying, cross 60 meshes, obtain pretreatment corn ear Powder；

（2）It is 70~80% that fish pond bed mud, which is fitted into filters pressing to water content in filter press, is fitted into powder in pulverizer after natural air drying It is broken, 40 meshes are crossed, fish pond bed mud must be pre-processed；

（3）Mushroom residue is added in blast drier, is dried at 105~110 DEG C to constant weight, then be transferred in pulverizer and crush, 60 meshes are crossed, pretreatment mushroom residue is obtained；

（4）Pretreatment fish pond bed mud, pretreatment corn ear powder, pretreatment mushroom residue, percolation liquid of city life garbage landfill are taken, It is fitted into fermenter and ferments after mixing, obtain nutrient matrix；

（5）It is mixed after taking vermiculite, river sand, perlite, zeolite, the sieving of Carapax Eriocheir sinensis ball milling with mass fraction for 0.1% lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate Uniformly, bottom matrix is obtained；

（6）Bottom matrix is laid on mulch, then is in mass ratio 2：1~3：1, nutrient matrix is laid in bottom matrix Side, obtains without native sod culture matrix.

The present invention is compared with other methods, and advantageous effects are：

（1）The present invention has using the corn Heading Date In Maize stick rich in plant endogenous hormones as raw material with what is be rich in the bed mud of fish pond Machine matter, mushroom residue are carbon source and the energy come the growth for promoting microorganism, generate a large amount of protease, lipase, dehydrogenase fiber The enzyme systems such as plain enzyme and amylase adjust microbial nutrition element, activate microorganism, and utilize a large amount of micro- lifes contained in percolate Object ferments, and is digested by fermentations such as plant polyose and albumen into nutrient matrix, contains biological polyoses, amino acid and microorganism Growth promoter can effectively facilitate the fast breeding of microorganism, improve the tolerance of microorganism, enhance the activity of microorganism, So that in material in polysaccharide abundant, protein, crude fibre, amino acid, fatty acid, vitamin, several mineral materials and plant The dissolution of source growth regulating-activity substance, and realize the decomposition of the ammoniation of protein, glucide, promote point of fat The important element exchanges such as N, P, K in mixed-matrix are form that is readily soluble, easily absorbing, improved by the formation of solution, humus The comprehensive nutrient matrix of nutrition being easily absorbed by plants is made in organic fertilizer fertility；

（2）The present invention utilizes Rare Earth Lanthanum, enhances turf permeability of cell membranes, so enhance cell to the absorption of nutriment, Using with conversion, promote the growth of cell and the synthesis of secondary metabolite and release, while the chitin in Carapax Eriocheir sinensis can promote Into urase, catalase, invertase, the active increase of Soil neutral phosphatase in the nutrient matrix of upper layer, improve matrix environment, so that Available nutrient content in matrix increases, to promote turf grass growth, reduces nutrient element loss, bottom water supply in media is inhibited to steam Hair increases water content, improves the content of organic matter, further promotes lawn growth, shortens growth cycle.

Specific embodiment

It by corn Heading Date In Maize stick, is added in pulverizer and crushes after natural air drying, cross 60 meshes, obtain pretreatment corn ear Powder, it is 70~80% that fish pond bed mud, which is fitted into filters pressing to water content in filter press, is fitted into pulverizer and crushes after natural air drying, mistake 40 meshes must pre-process fish pond bed mud, and mushroom residue is added in blast drier, dry at 105~110 DEG C to constant weight, then It is transferred in pulverizer and crushes, cross 60 meshes, obtain pretreatment mushroom residue, 3~4kg is taken to pre-process fish pond bed mud, 0.5~0.8kg is pre- Corn ear powder is handled, 1.0~1.2kg pre-processes mushroom residue, and 0.3~0.5kg percolation liquid of city life garbage landfill, mixing is Is fitted into fermenter after even, is placed in dissolved oxygen as in the environment of 0.8~1.2mg/L, controlled at 20~28 DEG C, humidity 70 ~80%, fermentation reactor system 15~20 days, nutrient matrix is obtained, takes 4~8kg vermiculite, 6~12kg river sand, 4~8kg perlite, 1~ 2kg zeolite, 3~5kg Carapax Eriocheir sinensis are fitted into 2~4h of ball milling in ball mill, cross 200 meshes, then with 1~2kg mass fraction are 0.1% Lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate is uniformly mixed, and obtains bottom matrix, bottom matrix is laid on mulch, then is in mass ratio 2：1~3：1, it will Nutrient matrix is laid in above bottom matrix, is obtained without native sod culture matrix.

It by corn Heading Date In Maize stick, is added in pulverizer and crushes after natural air drying, cross 60 meshes, obtain pretreatment corn ear Powder, it is 70% that fish pond bed mud, which is fitted into filters pressing to water content in filter press, is fitted into pulverizer and crushes after natural air drying, crosses 40 mesh Sieve, must pre-process fish pond bed mud, and mushroom residue is added in blast drier, dry at 105 DEG C to constant weight, then be transferred to pulverizer Middle crushing crosses 60 meshes, obtains pretreatment mushroom residue, and 3kg is taken to pre-process fish pond bed mud, and 0.5kg pre-processes corn ear powder, 1.0kg Mushroom residue is pre-processed, 0.3kg percolation liquid of city life garbage landfill is fitted into fermenter after mixing, is placed in dissolved oxygen For in the environment of 0.8mg/L, controlled at 20 DEG C, humidity 70% fermentation reactor system 15 days, obtains nutrient matrix, takes 4kg vermiculite, 6kg river sand, 4kg perlite, 1kg zeolite, 3kg Carapax Eriocheir sinensis are fitted into ball milling 2h in ball mill, cross 200 meshes, then with 1kg mass Score is uniformly mixed for 0.1% lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, obtains bottom matrix, bottom matrix is laid on mulch, then is in mass ratio 3： 1, nutrient matrix is laid in above bottom matrix, is obtained without native sod culture matrix.

It by corn Heading Date In Maize stick, is added in pulverizer and crushes after natural air drying, cross 60 meshes, obtain pretreatment corn ear Powder, it is 75% that fish pond bed mud, which is fitted into filters pressing to water content in filter press, is fitted into pulverizer and crushes after natural air drying, crosses 40 mesh Sieve, must pre-process fish pond bed mud, and mushroom residue is added in blast drier, dry at 108 DEG C to constant weight, then be transferred to pulverizer Middle crushing crosses 60 meshes, obtains pretreatment mushroom residue, and 3kg is taken to pre-process fish pond bed mud, and 0.6kg pre-processes corn ear powder, 1.1kg Mushroom residue is pre-processed, 0.4kg percolation liquid of city life garbage landfill is fitted into fermenter after mixing, is placed in dissolved oxygen For in the environment of 1.0mg/L, controlled at 24 DEG C, humidity 75% fermentation reactor system 18 days, obtains nutrient matrix, takes 6kg vermiculite, 9kg river sand, 6kg perlite, 1kg zeolite, 4kg Carapax Eriocheir sinensis are fitted into ball milling 3h in ball mill, cross 200 meshes, then with 1kg mass Score is uniformly mixed for 0.1% lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, obtains bottom matrix, bottom matrix is laid on mulch, then is in mass ratio 3： 1, nutrient matrix is laid in above bottom matrix, is obtained without native sod culture matrix.

It by corn Heading Date In Maize stick, is added in pulverizer and crushes after natural air drying, cross 60 meshes, obtain pretreatment corn ear Powder, it is 80% that fish pond bed mud, which is fitted into filters pressing to water content in filter press, is fitted into pulverizer and crushes after natural air drying, crosses 40 mesh Sieve, must pre-process fish pond bed mud, and mushroom residue is added in blast drier, dry at 110 DEG C to constant weight, then be transferred to pulverizer Middle crushing crosses 60 meshes, obtains pretreatment mushroom residue, and 4kg is taken to pre-process fish pond bed mud, and 0.8kg pre-processes corn ear powder, 1.2kg Mushroom residue is pre-processed, 0.5kg percolation liquid of city life garbage landfill is fitted into fermenter after mixing, is placed in dissolved oxygen For in the environment of 1.2mg/L, controlled at 28 DEG C, humidity 80% fermentation reactor system 20 days, obtains nutrient matrix, takes 8kg vermiculite, 12kg river sand, 8kg perlite, 2kg zeolite, 5kg Carapax Eriocheir sinensis are fitted into ball milling 4h in ball mill, cross 200 meshes, then with 2kg mass Score is uniformly mixed for 0.1% lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, obtains bottom matrix, bottom matrix is laid on mulch, then is in mass ratio 2： 1, nutrient matrix is laid in above bottom matrix, is obtained without native sod culture matrix.

Reference examples：Wuhan company production without native sod culture matrix.

By detecting without native sod culture matrix for example and reference examples, specific detection is as follows：

Sod quality：Directly weigh.

Turf-establishment time：It is into level ground that cover degree, which reaches 85%,.

Sod-forming days：Turf is not torn from lifting on the ground, rear roll of sod is rolled and does not occur the number of days in crack as grass The skin coiled time.

Physical property：Using the measuring method of U.S. Hummel, measuring content includes：Aeration porosity and capillary pore Degree.

Root activity：Using the measuring method of improvement

Specific testing result such as table 1.

1 performance characterization contrast table of table

Detection project	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Reference examples
					Turf weight/gdm﹣ 2	141.3	142.1	145.0	217.8
Turf-establishment time/day	79.0	79.6	80.2	100.3
					Sod-forming days/day	74.0	74.0	77.0	96.0
Aeration porosity %	41.4	40.5	42.3	18.9
					Capillary porosity %	47.9	46.6	46.8	25.84
Root activity mgTTFg﹣ 1·h﹣ 1	60.7	59.3	59.8	41.9

As shown in Table 1, prepared by the present invention with good performance without native sod culture matrix, turf good water-retaining property, Cheng Ping at Volume number of days is short, and root activity is good, can be used for practical sod production.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of without native sod culture matrix, which is characterized in that described to be laid in bottom by nutrient matrix without native sod culture matrix It is composed above layer matrix.

2. as described in claim 1 a kind of without native sod culture matrix, which is characterized in that the nutrient matrix and bottom matrix Mass ratio be 2：1~3：1.

3. as described in claim 1 a kind of without native sod culture matrix, which is characterized in that the nutrient matrix is pre-treated fish Pool bed mud, pretreatment corn ear powder, pretreatment mushroom residue, percolation liquid of city life garbage landfill, are packed into hair after mixing It ferments and is made in ferment bucket.

4. as claimed in claim 3 a kind of without native sod culture matrix, which is characterized in that pretreatment fish pond bed mud, in advance Handle corn ear powder, pretreatment mushroom residue, percolation liquid of city life garbage landfill parts by weight be 3~4 parts of pretreatment fish ponds Bed mud, 0.5~0.8 part of pretreatment corn ear powder, 1.0~1.2 parts of pretreatment mushroom residues, 0.3~0.5 part of domestic waste are filled out Bury a percolate.

5. as claimed in claim 3 a kind of without native sod culture matrix, which is characterized in that the fermentation process is to be packed into fermentation It is placed in bucket in the environment that dissolved oxygen is 0.8~1.2mg/L, controlled at 20~28 DEG C, humidity is 70~80%, composting Fermentation 15~20 days.

6. as claimed in claim 3 a kind of without native sod culture matrix, which is characterized in that the pretreatment corn ear powder is jade It crushes and is made after rice Heading Date In Maize stick natural air drying, the pretreatment fish pond bed mud is that fish pond bed mud is fitted into filters pressing in filter press To water content be 70~80% after natural wind dry doubling crush and be made, the pretreatment mushroom residue is obtained for mushroom residue drying and crushing.

7. as described in claim 1 a kind of without native sod culture matrix, which is characterized in that the bottom matrix is vermiculite, river It is uniformly mixed and is made for 0.1% lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate with mass fraction after sand, perlite, zeolite, the sieving of Carapax Eriocheir sinensis ball milling.

8. as claimed in claim 7 a kind of without native sod culture matrix, which is characterized in that the vermiculite, river sand, perlite, Zeolite, Carapax Eriocheir sinensis, lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate parts by weight be 4~8 parts of vermiculites, 6~12 parts of river sands, 4~8 parts of perlites, 1~2 part boiling Stone, 3~5 parts of Carapax Eriocheir sinensis, 1~2 part of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate.

9. a kind of without native sod culture matrix as described in claim 1~8 any one, which is characterized in that the specific steps are：

（1）It by corn Heading Date In Maize stick, is added in pulverizer and crushes after natural air drying, cross 60 meshes, obtain pretreatment corn ear Powder；

（2）It is 70~80% that fish pond bed mud, which is fitted into filters pressing to water content in filter press, is fitted into powder in pulverizer after natural air drying It is broken, 40 meshes are crossed, fish pond bed mud must be pre-processed；

（3）Mushroom residue is added in blast drier, is dried at 105~110 DEG C to constant weight, then be transferred in pulverizer and crush, 60 meshes are crossed, pretreatment mushroom residue is obtained；

（4）Pretreatment fish pond bed mud, pretreatment corn ear powder, pretreatment mushroom residue, percolation liquid of city life garbage landfill are taken, It is fitted into fermenter and ferments after mixing, obtain nutrient matrix；

（5）It is mixed after taking vermiculite, river sand, perlite, zeolite, the sieving of Carapax Eriocheir sinensis ball milling with mass fraction for 0.1% lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate Uniformly, bottom matrix is obtained；

（6）Bottom matrix is laid on mulch, then is in mass ratio 2：1~3：1, nutrient matrix is laid in bottom matrix Side, obtains without native sod culture matrix.