CN101743891B - Straw-type soilless culture medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Straw-type soilless culture medium and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101743891B CN101743891B CN2009101632737A CN200910163273A CN101743891B CN 101743891 B CN101743891 B CN 101743891B CN 2009101632737 A CN2009101632737 A CN 2009101632737A CN 200910163273 A CN200910163273 A CN 200910163273A CN 101743891 B CN101743891 B CN 101743891B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- straw
- soilless culture
- culture medium
- type soilless
- rare earth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 nitric acid rare earth Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000223760 Cinnamomum zeylanicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000528 Ricinus communis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004443 Ricinus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017803 cinnamon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009363 floriculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003898 horticulture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a straw-type soilless culture medium and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of crushing, fermenting and composting tobacco straws, then carrying out compounding with a porous material according to the volume ratio of 1: 0.5-1: 2, further adding rare earth according to the using amount of 6-12g/m3 of the medium, evenly mixing and preparing the straw-type soilless culture medium. The method can make full use of the tobacco straws which do not be reasonably utilized, not only realize the resource utilization of the tobacco straws and save the consumption of feed straw resources, but also reduce the environmental problems caused by burning or abandonment of the tobacco straws. Furthermore, the method has good physical and chemical properties, and simple production process, and can be produced and applied in a large range.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the cultivation technique without soil field, be specifically related to a kind of straw-type soilless culture medium.Simultaneously, the invention still further relates to the preparation method of this straw-type soilless culture medium.
Background technology
Soilless culture is a kind of novel planting type, has now become the important content of facilities horticulture and the principal mode that the horticultural crop batch production is produced, extensive use in floriculture in recent years.Compare with traditional soil cultivation, have water-saving, economize fertilely, laborsaving, can improve crop yield and quality, avoid soil continuous cropping obstacle, and be not subjected to advantage such as regional condition restriction.
Utilize agricultural organic waste synthesis of solid matrix to become the selection direction and research focus of present soilless culture substrate.Disclose synthesis of solid matrix such as utilizing rice husk, cotton seed hulls as CN 1561688A (200410023791.6) Chinese patent, CN 1552187A (2003117994.0) Chinese patent discloses synthesis of solid matrix such as utilizing cornstalk, husk, straw, straw.CN 101250071A (200810015200.9) Chinese patent discloses synthesis of solid matrix such as utilizing maize straw and wheat stalk.The raw materials for production of these solid matrixs mainly are various cereal crops stalks (as maize straw and little wheat stalk etc.), and these raw materials also are commonly used to make the feed of plant-eating animal.But tabacco straw, as the accessory substance of a kind of special economic crop, owing to be unsuitable for doing feed, utilization ratio is extremely low, and quite a few stalk is arbitrarily burned or is put aside as useless, causes serious environmental to pollute and the wasting of resources.Tabacco straw accounts for about 1/3 of cigarette strain total biomass, and it contains abundant cellulose, carbohydrate, protein, wax etc., and especially nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium cellulose content are higher than the cereal crops stalk, are a kind of huge living resources.CN 1231275A (98106838.3) Chinese patent discloses with tabacco straw by heating, acid (alkali) is handled or spontaneous fermentation is become thoroughly decomposed preparation fertilizer.CN 1857057A (200510003056.3) Chinese patent discloses with tobacco leaf straw and tobacco leaf offcuts, with expanded preparation nutritive cubes of material heating pressurization such as yellow cinnamon leaf, castor bean leaf and other fertilizer.But this type of formula for a product and production process are complicated, have limited the production on a large scale and the application of product.In the prior art, do not see as yet that as the main material production soilless culture substrate relevant report is arranged with tabacco straw.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, providing a kind of is the soilless culture substrate of primary raw material with the tabacco straw, satisfy field of horticultural production to high-quality soilless culture substrate demand in, turn waste into wealth, realize the recycling of tabacco straw.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of method for preparing described straw-type soilless culture medium.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.
Except as otherwise noted, percentage of the present invention is percetage by weight.
A kind of straw-type soilless culture medium, tabacco straw through pulverize, ferment, become thoroughly decomposed handle after, undertaken compositely by 1: 0.5～1: 2 volume ratio with porous materials, by the consumption adding rare earth of 6～12g/m3 matrix, make after mixing again.
Described porous materials is selected from a kind of in haydite, slag, perlite, vermiculite, zeolite, rock wool or the foamed plastics or several.Described rare earth is nitric acid rare earth or salt acid rare earth.
Prepare the method for described straw-type soilless culture medium, may further comprise the steps:
1, tabacco straw is crushed to 1～5cm, adjust water content 50%～90%, add urea and adjust C/N than 30～35, be piled into the ridge, pulverize with turner and to turn over throwing, in the ridge, charge into fresh air, make that temperature is controlled at 50 ℃～70 ℃ in the ridge, fermentation two to six time-of-weeks treat to reach when heap temperature is tending towards environmental temperature the state of becoming thoroughly decomposed;
2, tabacco straw behind the abundant fermentation maturity and porous materials is composite by 1: 0.5～1: 2 volume ratio, again by 6～12g/m
3The consumption of matrix adds rare earth, enters mixing and blending machine jointly, makes after mixing.
In the step (1), aerobic composite bacteria agent capable is evenly admixed promotion fermentation in the ridge, consumption is 0.01%～0.03% of a fermentation product total amount.
With respect to prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, utilizes tabacco straw to prepare soilless culture substrate, both can realize the recycling of tabacco straw, saved the feed stalk resource, can reduce its burning again or put the environmental problem that causes aside as useless.
2, Yunnan Province's tabacco straw aboundresources, and widely distributed, stalk is drawn materials easily, and the matrix production process is simple, easy to operate, for of the present invention applying on a large scale had laid a good foundation.
3, the present invention has the advantage of organic and inorganic cultivation matrix concurrently, and physicochemical properties such as moderate unit weight, electrical conductivity, porosity and acid-base value are fit to plant growing, is a kind of high-quality, health, the fertile desirable matrix of water saving province.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but they are not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Preparation tabacco straw type soilless culture substrate.Tabacco straw is crushed to 1～5cm, adjust water content 50%～70%, adjust C/N than 30～35 by adding urea, be piled into the ridge, the aerobic composite bacteria agent capable that will account for fermentation product total amount 0.02% with spade is evenly admixed in the ridge, turn over throwing with the turner pulverizing, in the ridge, charge into fresh air, make that temperature is controlled at 50 ℃～60 ℃ in the ridge, fermented for five weeks, treat to show when heap temperature is tending towards environmental temperature that it reaches the state of becoming thoroughly decomposed, fully stalk is pitchy behind the fermentation maturity.Tabacco straw that will become thoroughly decomposed and perlite are mixed by 1: 0.5 volume ratio, press 6g/m again
3The consumption of matrix adds nitric acid rare earth, and nitric acid rare earth with the low amounts of water dissolving, enters mixing and blending machine earlier jointly, mixes and can obtain the good straw-type soilless culture medium of physicochemical character.
Embodiment 2
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: tabacco straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed and perlite, vermiculite are mixed by 2: 1: 1 volume ratio, press 10g/m again
3The consumption of matrix adds nitric acid rare earth, and nitric acid rare earth dissolves with low amounts of water, enters mixing and blending machine jointly.
Embodiment 3
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: tabacco straw is pulverized the back and is adjusted water content 60%～80%, adjusts C/N than 35 by adding urea.Temperature is controlled at 60 ℃～70 ℃ in the ridge, adds the aerobic composite bacteria agent capable that accounts for fermentation product total amount 0.03%, around the fermentation.Tabacco straw that will become thoroughly decomposed and haydite, perlite are mixed by 2: 1: 1 volume ratio, press 9g/m again
3The consumption of matrix adds the salt acid rare earth, and the salt acid rare earth dissolves with low amounts of water, enters mixing and blending machine jointly.
Embodiment 4
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: tabacco straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed and perlite, zeolite, be mixed, press 12g/m again by 2: 2: 1 volume ratios
3The consumption of matrix adds nitric acid rare earth, and nitric acid rare earth dissolves with low amounts of water, enters mixing and blending machine jointly.
Embodiment 5
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: tabacco straw is pulverized the back and is adjusted water content 70%～90%.
Embodiment 6
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: tabacco straw fermented for two weeks.
Embodiment 7
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: not with microbial inoculum, six weeks of tabacco straw spontaneous fermentation.
Claims (5)
1. a straw-type soilless culture medium is prepared by following method, and this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) tabacco straw is crushed to 1～5cm, adjust water content to 50%～90%, adding urea adjustment C/N ratio is 30～35, be piled into the ridge, pulverize with turner and to turn over throwing, in the ridge, charge into fresh air, make that temperature is controlled at 50 ℃～70 ℃ in the ridge, fermentation two to six time-of-weeks treat to reach when heap temperature is tending towards environmental temperature the state of becoming thoroughly decomposed;
(2) tabacco straw behind the abundant fermentation maturity and porous materials is composite by 1: 0.5～1: 2 volume ratio, again by 6～12g/m
3The consumption of matrix adds rare earth, enters mixing and blending machine jointly, makes after mixing.
2. straw-type soilless culture medium according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described porous materials is selected from a kind of in haydite, slag, perlite, vermiculite, zeolite, rock wool or the foamed plastics or several.
3. straw-type soilless culture medium according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described rare earth is nitric acid rare earth or salt acid rare earth.
4. straw-type soilless culture medium according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step (1), aerobic composite bacteria agent capable is evenly admixed in the ridge, consumption is 0.01%～0.03% of a fermentation product total amount.
5. straw-type soilless culture medium according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described aerobic composite bacteria agent capable accounts for 0.02% of fermentation product total amount.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101632737A CN101743891B (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2009-12-31 | Straw-type soilless culture medium and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101632737A CN101743891B (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2009-12-31 | Straw-type soilless culture medium and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101743891A CN101743891A (en) | 2010-06-23 |
| CN101743891B true CN101743891B (en) | 2011-12-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2009101632737A Expired - Fee Related CN101743891B (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2009-12-31 | Straw-type soilless culture medium and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103086787A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2013-05-08 | 天津绿动植物营养技术开发有限公司 | Formula of culture medium of ecological floating island |
| CN104412893A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2015-03-18 | 厦门塔斯曼生物工程有限公司 | Method for planting medicinal dendrobe |
| CN103583346A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-19 | 苏州维登农业有限公司 | Soilless cultivation method for citrus bergamot |
| CN104163704A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2014-11-26 | 安庆市绿茵农业发展有限公司 | Pleurotus eryngii medium with tobacco straw as raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104255334A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-01-07 | 宁夏中青农业科技有限公司 | Seedling culturing matrix with rare earth element and application thereof |
| CN104770283A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-07-15 | 李国平 | Substrate special for cymbidium kanran cultivation |
| CN105010112A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-11-04 | 刘祥义 | Light-duty soilless culture substrate preparation method |
| CN105061060A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-18 | 刘祥义 | Preparation method of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo culture substrate |
| CN106007981A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-10-12 | 塔里木大学 | Formula of organic active soilless culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN106613830A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-05-10 | 遵义联谷农业科技有限公司 | Dendrobium nobile seedling raising substrate |
| CN106688679A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-24 | 安庆市鼎升环保科技有限公司 | Nutrient substrate used for environment-friendly straw vegetation carpet and preparation method thereof |
| CN108323424B (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2021-05-07 | 雷山县方祥乡世章天麻开发有限公司 | Method for planting gastrodia elata health-care product in low-cost large scale |
| CN108849386A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-23 | 安徽润航农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of low cost soilless culture substrate |
| CN109328986A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-02-15 | 安徽多多利农业科技有限公司 | A method of organic culture substrate is prepared with sawdust-rice husk-straw decomposing fermentation |
| CN112740981A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-04 | 云南农业大学 | Chinese cabbage seedling culture nutrient medium and preparation method thereof |
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2009
- 2009-12-31 CN CN2009101632737A patent/CN101743891B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN101743891A (en) | 2010-06-23 |
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Address after: 650217 Kunming economic and Technological Development Zone, Yunnan, Pu Pu Road, No. 6 Patentee after: YUNNAN INVESTMENT ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Address before: 650217 Kunming economic and Technological Development Zone, Yunnan, Pu Pu Road, No. 6 Patentee before: Yunnan Green-land Biological Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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Granted publication date: 20111207 |