CN108794279A - A kind of water retention type organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of water retention type organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B15/00—Organic phosphatic fertilisers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of water retention type organic fertilizer material and preparation method thereof, and raw material components are as follows：Maize straw, plant ash, wheat bran, bean dregs, humic acid, urea phosphate, vinasse, water-retaining agent, are as follows：1）It by maize straw, plant ash, wheat bran, bean dregs, humic acid, urea phosphate, vinasse, is moved in fermentation tank after mixing, adds water to water content 50-60%, be sealed fermentation, be ground after then drying fermentation material, fermentation material powder is made；2）Water-retaining agent is added in fermentation material powder, can be prepared by after granulation after stirring.Water retention type organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention, preparation process is simple, at low cost, pollution-free to soil, can meet the nutrient needed for plant growth, and with improvement soil texture, increase the gas permeability of soil, reduce the effect of water loss, be with a wide range of applications.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to organic fertilizer processing technique fields, and in particular to a kind of water retention type organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Drought and water shortage has seriously restricted the development of China's agricultural and has accelerated desertification of land, and China's agricultural water accounts for water money
80% or so of source wastage in bulk or weight, however the scarcity of water resource makes agricultural that must walk water-saving evolutionary path.Therefore Agricultural Water money is improved
The utilization rate in source is the central task of China's agricultural development.With the getting worse of environmental pollution and subtracting year by year for green vegetation
It is few, acid test is proposed to environment for human survival, wherein soil moisture is easy to run off, and causes soil hardening, soil desert
The problems such as change, therefore how rainwater or irrigation water to be absorbed and be kept rapidly in the soil, and then ensure being grown to serve as plant
Important research direction.
In recent years, water-retaining agent is as a kind of NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE auxiliary agent that can effectively enhance soil water holding capacity and moisture holding capacity,
It makes important progress in agricultural water conservation drought resisting field.There are many current existing water-retaining agent type, but mostly use high molecular material system greatly
Standby to form, there are of high cost, problem of easy degradation, long-term existence do not be easy to cause soil hardening, be unfavorable for ecological environment can
Sustainable development.Therefore it provides a kind of water retention type organic fertilizer of the novel environment friendly of low cost, has very high market value.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is for existing problem, provide a kind of water retention type organic fertilizer material and preparation method thereof.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of water retention type organic fertilizer material, by weight component are as follows：20-30 parts of maize straw, 10-15 parts of plant ash, wheat bran 5-8
Part, 4-7 parts of bean dregs, 3-5 parts of humic acid, 2-3 parts of urea phosphate, 2-3 parts of vinasse, 10-15 parts of water-retaining agent.
Preferably, a kind of water retention type organic fertilizer material, wherein humic acid be by potassium humate, humic acid magnesium, zinc humic acid and
Humic acid urea is according to 1:1:1.5:2 weight ratio composition.
Preferably, a kind of water retention type organic fertilizer material, the preparation method of wherein water-retaining agent are as follows：
1）20-30 parts of gelatin is taken, 200 mesh sieve is crossed after grinding, is then added in the distilled water that 3-5 times is measured, is heated to 30-40
DEG C, after gelatin expansion dissolving, 2-3 parts of polyethylene glycol is added, 4-5 parts of starch, 3-4 parts of glucose are added after mixing,
It is warming up to 50-70 DEG C, stirs 20-30min in the case where rotating speed is 300-400r/min, then isothermal reaction 3-4h；
2）It waits for after reaction, filtering reacting liquid, filtrate is centrifuged into 30-40min in the case where rotating speed is 4000-5000r/min,
Sediment is moved in vacuum tank, pressure 0.04-0.06MPa, temperature is 50-60 DEG C, dry to constant weight, you can be changed
Property gelatin；
3）10-15 parts of expanded vermiculite is taken, is sieved with 100 mesh sieve after grinding, is added in the deionized water that 2-3 times is measured, in 300-400W
Then vibrating dispersion 30-35min under ultrasonic wave is added 2-3 parts of potassium peroxydisulfate, 2 is added after mixing）In modification it is bright
Glue is warming up to 60-80 DEG C, isothermal reaction 4-5h；
4）It waits for after reaction, taking out product, moving in baking oven and be dried, temperature is 60-70 DEG C, and drying to constant weight can make
It obtains modified gelatin and is crosslinked expanded vermiculite compound, as water-retaining agent.
Preferably, a kind of preparation method of water retention type organic fertilizer material, is as follows：
1）Take 20-30 parts of maize straw, 10-15 parts of plant ash, 5-8 parts of wheat bran, 4-7 parts of bean dregs, 3-5 parts of humic acid, urea phosphate
2-3 parts, 2-3 parts of vinasse, move in fermentation tank after mixing, add water to water content 50-60%, be sealed fermentation, wait for fermentation ends
After take out fermentation material, be ground, sieve with 100 mesh sieve after dry, fermentation material powder is made；
2）It goes bail for 10-15 parts of aqua, is added in fermentation material powder, the high-speed stirred 20- in the case where rotating speed is 3000-4000r/min
Then 30min can be prepared by after granulation.
Preferably, a kind of preparation method of water retention type organic fertilizer material, wherein step 1）In, the temperature of the fermentation is 30-
40 DEG C, fermentation time 4-5d.
Preferably, a kind of preparation method of water retention type organic fertilizer material, wherein step 1）In, the drying is freeze-drying,
1-2h is freezed at -30--20 DEG C, is then moved in the vacuum tank of 20-40Pa, is heated to 30-40 DEG C, dry 10-12h.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with prior art：
It is first containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium needed for plant etc. in maize straw and plant ash 1. water retention type organic fertilizer material prepared by the present invention
Element, meets the needs of plant growth, and wheat bran contains abundant vitamin and mineral element, in bean dregs rich in protein and calcium, phosphorus,
A variety of nutriments such as iron, humic acid and urea phosphate have the function of fertilizer synergistic, improvement soil, stimulation plant growth, vinasse
Not only contain abundant crude protein various trace elements, vitamin, but also rich in microbial bacterias such as saccharomycete, object can be accelerated
The fermentation of material improves the quality of organic fertilizer.
2. water retention type organic fertilizer material prepared by the present invention, the water-retaining agent by being modified preparation to expanded vermiculite has very
Good water storage water-retaining property, it is possible to reduce the loss of moisture, while the gas permeability and the property of water-bearing of soil can also be improved；First, will
Addition adds polyethylene glycol after distilling water dissolution after gelatin grinding, grape sugar and starch carries out heating reaction, due to glucose
Contain a large amount of hydroxyl group with starch, under the catalytic action of polyethylene glycol, and cross linking of gelatin, in gelatin molecule
A large amount of hydroxyl is introduced on chain, to improve the water absorption rate of gelatin；Secondly, be added to after expanded vermiculite is ground in distilled water into
Row supersonic oscillations so that expanded vermiculite is fully dispersed in water, adds potassium peroxydisulfate and modified gelatin is reacted, drawing
Under the action of sending out agent potassium peroxydisulfate, modified gelatin is adsorbed in surface or hole and is occurred graft reaction by expanded vermiculite, is formed
Expanded vermiculite is core, and modified gelatin is the compound of shell, enhances the water imbibition of expanded vermiculite, to reach excellent water suction water storage
Purpose.
3. water retention type organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention, preparation process is simple, at low cost, pollution-free to soil, can meet
Nutrient needed for plant growth, and with improvement soil texture, increase the gas permeability of soil, reduce the effect of water loss.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to specific implementation method, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of water retention type organic fertilizer material, by weight component are as follows：20 parts of maize straw, 10 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of wheat bran, bean dregs 4
Part, 3 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of urea phosphate, 2 parts of vinasse, 10 parts of water-retaining agent.
Preferably, wherein humic acid is by potassium humate, humic acid magnesium, zinc humic acid and humic acid urea according to 1:1:
1.5:2 weight ratio composition.
Preferably, the preparation method of wherein water-retaining agent is as follows：
1）20 parts of gelatin is taken, 200 mesh sieve is crossed after grinding, is then added in the distilled water of 3 times of amounts, is heated to 30 DEG C, waits for gelatin
After expansion dissolving, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol is added, 4 parts of starch, 3 parts of glucose are added after mixing, is warming up to 50 DEG C, is turning
Speed is to stir 20min under 300r/min, then isothermal reaction 3h；
2）It waits for after reaction, filtering reacting liquid, filtrate is centrifuged into 30min in the case where rotating speed is 4000r/min, by sediment
It moves in vacuum tank, pressure 0.04MPa, temperature is 50 DEG C, dry to constant weight, you can to obtain modified gelatin；
3）10 parts of expanded vermiculite is taken, is sieved with 100 mesh sieve after grinding, is added in the deionized water of 2 times of amounts, shakes under 300W ultrasonic waves
Dispersion 30min is swung, 2 parts of potassium peroxydisulfate is then added, 2 are added after mixing）In modified gelatin, be warming up to 60 DEG C, it is permanent
Temperature reaction 4h；
4）It waits for after reaction, taking out product, moving in baking oven and be dried, temperature is 60 DEG C, and drying to constant weight can be prepared by
Modified gelatin is crosslinked expanded vermiculite compound, as water-retaining agent.
A kind of preparation method of water retention type organic fertilizer material, is as follows：
1）20 parts of maize straw, 10 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of wheat bran, 4 parts of bean dregs, 3 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of urea phosphate, 2 parts of vinasse are taken,
It is moved in fermentation tank after mixing, adds water to water content 50%, be sealed fermentation, wait for taking out fermentation material after fermentation, after dry
It is ground, sieves with 100 mesh sieve, fermentation material powder is made；
2）It goes bail for 10 parts of aqua, is added in fermentation material powder, then the high-speed stirred 20min in the case where rotating speed is 3000r/min is passed through
It can be prepared by after granulation.
Preferably, wherein step 1）In, the temperature of the fermentation is 30 DEG C, fermentation time 4d.
Preferably, wherein step 1）In, the drying is freeze-drying, and 1h is freezed at -30 DEG C, then moves to 20Pa
Vacuum tank in, be heated to 30 DEG C, dry 10h.
Embodiment 2
A kind of water retention type organic fertilizer material, by weight component are as follows：25 parts of maize straw, 12 parts of plant ash, 7 parts of wheat bran, bean dregs 5
Part, 4 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of urea phosphate, 2 parts of vinasse, 12 parts of water-retaining agent.
Preferably, wherein humic acid is by potassium humate, humic acid magnesium, zinc humic acid and humic acid urea according to 1:1:
1.5:2 weight ratio composition.
Preferably, the preparation method of wherein water-retaining agent is as follows：
1）25 parts of gelatin is taken, 200 mesh sieve is crossed after grinding, is then added in the distilled water of 4 times of amounts, is heated to 35 DEG C, waits for gelatin
After expansion dissolving, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol is added, 4 parts of starch, 3 parts of glucose are added after mixing, is warming up to 60 DEG C, is turning
Speed is to stir 25min under 300r/min, then isothermal reaction 3.5h；
2）It waits for after reaction, filtering reacting liquid, filtrate is centrifuged into 35min in the case where rotating speed is 4000r/min, by sediment
It moves in vacuum tank, pressure 0.05MPa, temperature is 55 DEG C, dry to constant weight, you can to obtain modified gelatin；
3）12 parts of expanded vermiculite is taken, is sieved with 100 mesh sieve after grinding, is added in the deionized water of 2.5 times of amounts, under 300W ultrasonic waves
Then vibrating dispersion 32min is added 2 parts of potassium peroxydisulfate, 2 is added after mixing）In modified gelatin, be warming up to 70 DEG C,
Isothermal reaction 4.5h；
4）It waits for after reaction, taking out product, moving in baking oven and be dried, temperature is 65 DEG C, and drying to constant weight can be prepared by
Modified gelatin is crosslinked expanded vermiculite compound, as water-retaining agent.
A kind of preparation method of water retention type organic fertilizer material, is as follows：
1）25 parts of maize straw, 12 parts of plant ash, 7 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of bean dregs, 4 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of urea phosphate, 2 parts of vinasse are taken,
It is moved in fermentation tank after mixing, adds water to water content 55%, be sealed fermentation, wait for taking out fermentation material after fermentation, after dry
It is ground, sieves with 100 mesh sieve, fermentation material powder is made；
2）It goes bail for 12 parts of aqua, is added in fermentation material powder, then the high-speed stirred 25min in the case where rotating speed is 3000r/min is passed through
It can be prepared by after granulation.
Preferably, wherein step 1）In, the temperature of the fermentation is 35 DEG C, fermentation time 4d.
Preferably, wherein step 1）In, the drying is freeze-drying, and 1.5h is freezed at -25 DEG C, is then moved to
In the vacuum tank of 30Pa, 35 DEG C are heated to, dry 11h.
Embodiment 3
A kind of water retention type organic fertilizer material, by weight component are as follows：30 parts of maize straw, 15 parts of plant ash, 8 parts of wheat bran, bean dregs 7
Part, 5 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of urea phosphate, 3 parts of vinasse, 15 parts of water-retaining agent.
Preferably, wherein humic acid is by potassium humate, humic acid magnesium, zinc humic acid and humic acid urea according to 1:1:
1.5:2 weight ratio composition.
Preferably, the preparation method of wherein water-retaining agent is as follows：
1）30 parts of gelatin is taken, 200 mesh sieve is crossed after grinding, is then added in the distilled water of 5 times of amounts, is heated to 40 DEG C, waits for gelatin
After expansion dissolving, 3 parts of polyethylene glycol is added, 5 parts of starch, 4 parts of glucose are added after mixing, is warming up to 70 DEG C, is turning
Speed is to stir 30min under 400r/min, then isothermal reaction 4h；
2）It waits for after reaction, filtering reacting liquid, filtrate is centrifuged into 40min in the case where rotating speed is 5000r/min, by sediment
It moves in vacuum tank, pressure 0.06MPa, temperature is 60 DEG C, dry to constant weight, you can to obtain modified gelatin；
3）15 parts of expanded vermiculite is taken, is sieved with 100 mesh sieve after grinding, is added in the deionized water of 3 times of amounts, shakes under 400W ultrasonic waves
Dispersion 35min is swung, 3 parts of potassium peroxydisulfate is then added, 2 are added after mixing）In modified gelatin, be warming up to 80 DEG C, it is permanent
Temperature reaction 5h；
4）It waits for after reaction, taking out product, moving in baking oven and be dried, temperature is 70 DEG C, and drying to constant weight can be prepared by
Modified gelatin is crosslinked expanded vermiculite compound, as water-retaining agent.
A kind of preparation method of water retention type organic fertilizer material, is as follows：
1）30 parts of maize straw, 15 parts of plant ash, 8 parts of wheat bran, 7 parts of bean dregs, 5 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of urea phosphate, 3 parts of vinasse are taken,
It is moved in fermentation tank after mixing, adds water to water content 60%, be sealed fermentation, wait for taking out fermentation material after fermentation, after dry
It is ground, sieves with 100 mesh sieve, fermentation material powder is made；
2）It goes bail for 15 parts of aqua, is added in fermentation material powder, then the high-speed stirred 30min in the case where rotating speed is 4000r/min is passed through
It can be prepared by after granulation.
Preferably, wherein step 1）In, the temperature of the fermentation is 40 DEG C, fermentation time 5d.
Preferably, wherein step 1）In, the drying is freeze-drying, and 2h is freezed at -20 DEG C, then moves to 40Pa
Vacuum tank in, be heated to 40 DEG C, dry 12h.
Comparative example 1：Remove water-retaining agent preparation process 1）In starch, remaining is same as Example 1.
Comparative example 2：Remove water-retaining agent preparation process 1）In glucose, remaining is same as Example 1.
Comparative example 3：Remove water-retaining agent preparation process 2）In centrifugation, remaining is same as Example 1.
Comparative example 4：Remove water-retaining agent preparation process 3）In potassium peroxydisulfate, remaining is same as Example 1.
Comparative example 5：The water-retaining agent in organic fertilizer component is removed, remaining is same as Example 1.
Experimental example：Pot experiment is designed, per basin soil weight 3.0kg, embodiment 1 and comparative example 1-5 are provided respectively organic
Fertilizer is mixed into soil, and apply fertilizer 4g per basin, and water before sowing per basin 100ml, 5, seeding corn seed, chemical examination of fetching earth week about,
10 basins are repeated every processing, detect water content and nutrient content in soil, as a result as shown in Table 1：
Table one
As can be seen from Table I, the soil moisture of embodiment 1 and the content of nutrient are apparently higher than comparative example 1-5, it can be seen that,
The organic fertilizer that this hair name provides has good water-retaining property, can effectively reduce the loss of moisture, plays the work of water storage water conservation
With, while nutrient can also be locked in soil and be not lost in, effectively improve the utilization rate of nutrient.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
It transforms or replaces, should all cover within the scope of the present invention without what creative work was expected.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of water retention type organic fertilizer material, which is characterized in that component is as follows by weight：20-30 parts of maize straw, plant ash
10-15 parts, 5-8 parts of wheat bran, 4-7 parts of bean dregs, 3-5 parts of humic acid, 2-3 parts of urea phosphate, 2-3 parts of vinasse, 10-15 parts of water-retaining agent.
2. a kind of water retention type organic fertilizer material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that wherein humic acid be by potassium humate,
Humic acid magnesium, zinc humic acid and humic acid urea are according to 1:1:1.5:2 weight ratio composition.
3. a kind of water retention type organic fertilizer material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that wherein the preparation method of water-retaining agent is such as
Under：
1）20-30 parts of gelatin is taken, 200 mesh sieve is crossed after grinding, is then added in the distilled water that 3-5 times is measured, is heated to 30-40
DEG C, after gelatin expansion dissolving, 2-3 parts of polyethylene glycol is added, 4-5 parts of starch, 3-4 parts of glucose are added after mixing,
It is warming up to 50-70 DEG C, stirs 20-30min in the case where rotating speed is 300-400r/min, then isothermal reaction 3-4h；
2）It waits for after reaction, filtering reacting liquid, filtrate is centrifuged into 30-40min in the case where rotating speed is 4000-5000r/min,
Sediment is moved in vacuum tank, pressure 0.04-0.06MPa, temperature is 50-60 DEG C, dry to constant weight, you can be changed
Property gelatin；
3）10-15 parts of expanded vermiculite is taken, is sieved with 100 mesh sieve after grinding, is added in the deionized water that 2-3 times is measured, in 300-400W
Then vibrating dispersion 30-35min under ultrasonic wave is added 2-3 parts of potassium peroxydisulfate, 2 is added after mixing）In modification it is bright
Glue is warming up to 60-80 DEG C, isothermal reaction 4-5h；
4）It waits for after reaction, taking out product, moving in baking oven and be dried, temperature is 60-70 DEG C, and drying to constant weight can make
It obtains modified gelatin and is crosslinked expanded vermiculite compound, as water-retaining agent.
4. a kind of preparation method of water retention type organic fertilizer material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that be as follows：
1）Take 20-30 parts of maize straw, 10-15 parts of plant ash, 5-8 parts of wheat bran, 4-7 parts of bean dregs, 3-5 parts of humic acid, urea phosphate
2-3 parts, 2-3 parts of vinasse, move in fermentation tank after mixing, add water to water content 50-60%, be sealed fermentation, wait for fermentation ends
After take out fermentation material, be ground, sieve with 100 mesh sieve after dry, fermentation material powder is made；
2）It goes bail for 10-15 parts of aqua, is added in fermentation material powder, the high-speed stirred 20- in the case where rotating speed is 3000-4000r/min
Then 30min can be prepared by after granulation.
5. a kind of preparation method of slow-release organic fertilizer for pomegranate as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that step 1）
In, the temperature of the fermentation is 30-40 DEG C, fermentation time 4-5d.
6. a kind of preparation method of slow-release organic fertilizer for pomegranate as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that step 1）
In, the drying is freeze-drying, and 1-2h is freezed at -30--20 DEG C, is then moved in the vacuum tank of 20-40Pa, is heated
To 30-40 DEG C, dry 10-12h.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113880668A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-01-04 | 新疆生产建设兵团第三师农业科学研究所 | Composite microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104876686A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-09-02 | 苏州葛家坞生物科技有限公司 | Water retention agent for edible fungus planting and preparation method thereof |
| CN106146229A (en) * | 2016-07-02 | 2016-11-23 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of alkaline land improving the fertilizer of retaining water and releasing nutrients slowly and preparation method thereof |
| CN108218630A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-06-29 | 广西满珊香农林科技有限公司 | A kind of special base fertilizer of planting yew |
| CN108456077A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-08-28 | 来安县薜必英家庭农场 | A kind of high usage paddy growth dedicated fertilizer |
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2018
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104355947A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-02-18 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | Efficient water-retention organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104876686A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-09-02 | 苏州葛家坞生物科技有限公司 | Water retention agent for edible fungus planting and preparation method thereof |
| CN106146229A (en) * | 2016-07-02 | 2016-11-23 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of alkaline land improving the fertilizer of retaining water and releasing nutrients slowly and preparation method thereof |
| CN108218630A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-06-29 | 广西满珊香农林科技有限公司 | A kind of special base fertilizer of planting yew |
| CN108456077A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-08-28 | 来安县薜必英家庭农场 | A kind of high usage paddy growth dedicated fertilizer |
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| CN113880668A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-01-04 | 新疆生产建设兵团第三师农业科学研究所 | Composite microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20181113 |
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| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |