CN103355023A - Rice field milk vetch uncovering and pressing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rice field milk vetch uncovering and pressing method, which comprises the following steps: a) field ditch cleaning dewatering: in the milk vetch growth period, dredging and cleaning a drainage ditch for a milk vetch planting land for growing field crops, and ensuring that the highest water level of the land surface of the field is not higher than 0.5cm; b) the dry ploughing of the milk vetch: in the full-bloom stage of the milk vetch, turning over the milk vetch when the water height of the land surface of the field is 0.25-1.25cm; c) shallow water moisture management: after the milk vetch is uncovered and pressed, maintaining that the field is provided with water and the highest water level is not higher than 1.25cm, bubbling the milk vetch for 3-8 days to carry out rice field raking, fertilization and early rice transplanting production projects; and d) early rice shallow water management: after the early rice is transplanted, ensuring that the water height of the water surface of the field is less than 3cm. According to the rice field milk vetch uncovering and pressing method disclosed by the invention, the milk etch biomass and the nutrient accumulation amount are optimal, the turning over power demand is lowered, the reductant toxic substance is reduced, and the labor efficiency is sharply improved.

Description

A kind of rice field Chinese milk vetch turns over method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of rice field Chinese milk vetch and turn over method.

Background technology

China produces on the historical records and utilizes one of green manure country the earliest, also is the country of area under cultivation maximum.Green manure once safely etc. was brought into play important effect in the aspect to China's agricultural production, national food.After the founding of New, the Chinese government and various circles of society are fully recognized that all green manure has the important function of activation and enrichment soil nutrient, the aspects such as raising Crops production and quality, fertilizing soil in agricultural production.Therefore, the development of China's green manure is very swift and violent.China's Green manuring area by liberation just (nineteen fifty) 2,600 ten thousand mu develop into late 1980s and be stabilized in about 1.8 hundred million mu, 1.7% develop into 12.5% by what account for national total cultivated area.In this period of history period, China's grain production increasing mainly depends on the increase of Green manuring area.

In the historical progress of very long green manure production and utilization, our older generation has summed up a series of effective green manure productions and has utilized experience, but has also formed some unscientific green manure utilization customs.Chinese milk vetch is the main green manure crop of paddy fields in south china production and utilization.Chinese milk vetch easily causes early rice " stiff seedling " after turning over utilization.Early rice " stiff seedling " phenomenon that causes after turning over for Chinese milk vetch, our older generation finds that liming or zinc fertilizer can effectively prevent and treat.Yet in the situation that the rural laborer lacks, the farming operation that increases once control " stiff seedling " has become and has been difficult to carry out.

It is early or mid March that the tradition Chinese milk vetch is utilized mode, seals the field drainage mouth, makes rice field ponding.At the beginning of 4 months, under the flooding condition of rice field, turn over Chinese milk vetch with ox or rotovator.Chinese milk vetch turn over after under flooding condition retting carry out again shoot transplanting equipment about 15 days.This traditional Chinese milk vetch turns over the problem that method brings to be had: one, south rainwater in April is more, under flooding condition during the retting Chinese milk vetch, often cause rice field Man Shui, produce runoff, make the Nutrient runoff that Chinese milk vetch discharges and run off in the retting process, not only cause Chinese milk vetch to utilize effect to descend, also cause widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area and the wasting of resources; Two, Chinese milk vetch is in waterflooding retting process, because the decomposition of the residual body of Chinese milk vetch under the anaerobic environment easily produces reducing substances, reducing substances can injure the root system of rice shoot, thereby causes early rice " stiff seedling "; Three, because traditional Chinese milk vetch turns over and needed retting 15 days, produce season for adapting to the modern early rice that shifts to an earlier date, peasant's mid or late March of being everlasting just turns over Chinese milk vetch, and the biomass of Chinese milk vetch is not high at this moment, and nutrition accumulation is few, the optimum efficiency that does not reach the Chinese milk vetch plantation and utilize; Four, the waterflooding Chinese milk vetch of turning over need increase Modern Agriculture facility power, and tradition is very slow with the turn over speed of Chinese milk vetch of ox waterflooding, and the physical demands of ox is larger.Five, because the development of Rice Production technology, early rice is transplanted by original and washes rice transplanting and change into and be with native rice transplanting, rice striking root phase to become not obvious, paddy rice to demand phase of nutrient in advance, the new varieties paddy rice also obviously increases the demand of nutrient.Therefore, traditional Chinese milk vetch turns over the requirement of the inapplicable modern agricultural development of technology, and this series of problems has become one of important technological problems that hinders the development of paddy fields in south china Chinese milk vetch.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of Chinese milk vetch biomass and nutrition accumulation of making to reach best, the power demand of turning over descends, and the reproducibility noxious material reduces, and the rice field Chinese milk vetch that efficiency increases substantially turns over method.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose:

A kind of rice field Chinese milk vetch turns over method, comprises the steps:

A, field ditch cleaning draining:

The Chinese milk vetch growing period is dredged and is cleared up the drain ditch in Chinese milk vetch plantation land for growing field crops, so that field, field face peak level is not higher than 0.5cm;

B, Chinese milk vetch non watered ploughing:

When the face water height 0.25～1.25cm of the field, full-bloom stage field of Chinese milk vetch, Chinese milk vetch is turned over;

C, shallow water moisture management:

After Chinese milk vetch is turned over, keep the field face to have water and peak level not to be higher than 1.25cm, the operation of so that Chinese milk vetch macerated 3～8 days, can carry out raking in the rice field, fertilising and early rice being transplanted;

D, the management of early rice shallow water:

After early rice is transplanted, before dividing late tillering state, early rice keep field, field face water height to be lower than 3cm.

Adopt said method, the present invention has following advantage:

1, the present invention's contradiction of having overcome Chinese milk vetch nutrient accumulation under the modern Farming System and having shifted to an earlier date early rice farming season.Current South Rice Region of China early rice is transplanted and generally finished-20 days on the 15th April.And traditional rice field Chinese milk vetch of turning over is generally carried out by the end of March, and Chinese milk vetch biomass and the nutrient accumulation that turn over this moment not yet reach the highest period.The present invention turns over the rice field and postpones full-bloom stage to Chinese milk vetch, and Chinese milk vetch reaches biomass and the highest full-bloom stage of nutrient content.

2, the present invention takes non watered ploughing to turn over the method for Chinese milk vetch, has overcome traditional Chinese milk vetch and has turned over requirement to farm machinery power.The waterflooding of tradition Chinese milk vetch turns over, and the field waterflooding is large to the resistance of farm machinery, and farm machinery power is required height, and energy consumption is high, and the present invention can reduce the energy consumption of turning over.

3, the invention solves early rice " stiff seedling " problem after the utilization of South Rice Region of China Chinese milk vetch.Under the non watered ploughing shallow water moisture management condition, rice field reproducibility noxious material generation is less, early rice " stiff seedling " phenomenon can not occur.

4, the present invention has reduced nutrient loss risk in traditional Chinese milk vetch retting process, can farthest bring into play the effect of utilizing of green manure crop.

In sum, the time lengthening that the present invention macerates Chinese milk vetch, make Chinese milk vetch biomass and nutrition accumulation reach best, thereby paddy rice can be at growing period, fully absorb the nutrient of Chinese milk vetch, the labour intensity of turning over that has solved in the production of South Rice Region of China Chinese milk vetch and the utilization is large, nutrient loss has a big risk, early rice is problems such as " stiff seedlings " easily, to play direct impetus to the green manure development that China rises again, have larger application and popularization value at aspects such as soil organic matter lifting and minimizing applying quantity of chemical fertilizer.

Embodiment

The below further describes the embodiment of this patent.

The present invention selects to plant and utilize the South Rice Region of China of Chinese milk vetch, select the suitable early blossoming type Chinese milk vetch kind of producing, other Chinese milk vetch production measure is identical with traditional Chinese milk vetch plantation, the drain ditch in early or mid March cleaning Chinese milk vetch rice field, the field is become a fine day do not stay water, not ponding rains.Produce season according to local early rice, April turn over tradition about day farm machinery or ox of 5-8 in the solid carbon dioxide situation of field, turn over Chinese milk vetch.After Chinese milk vetch has turned over, seal the paddy field drainage mouth, pour water to the rice field depending on weather condition, as in 1-2 days without effective precipitation, then pour water to the field, water irrigating depth is that the field face be can't see ponding.In 1-2 days, precipitation is arranged, then need not pour water.Can carry out basal dressing and early rice transplanting or rice transplanting by normal mode after can adopting the Traditional Agricultural facility that the field face is raked after 3-8 days.The early rice field face of transplant living behind the root and stem of certain plants keeps the shoaling layer of 1-3cm get final product that (turning over rear temperature height can 3 day, and temperature hangs down should postpone to 8 days; The directly shallow water management of early rice balled transplanting, rice transplanting period of seedling establishment weak point has period of seedling establishment about 3 days but wash rice transplanting, carries out the shallow water management after should having certain depth of water with the root and stem of certain plants of living again).

Embodiment 1

1, select one double cropping rice production area, Nan County---San Xianhu town, about 500 mu, March 20 cleaned out a drain, and the field was reached become a fine day not stay water, rainy not ponding.

2, April 8, adopt rotovator to turn over Chinese milk vetch.

3, pour water after Chinese milk vetch turns over, irrigation quantity to be keeping field soil moistening, and the field face not ponding be standard.Kept this field water regime 4 days.April 12 is with rotovator leveling field face, April 13 basal dressing, April 14 shoot transplanting equipment, rice transplanting is identical with the operation of traditional early rice farming.

4, poured water April 15, pouring water keeps the degree of depth of 2cm water layer to the field face, and this water depth begins dry field after being retained to May 2, and other farming operation is with traditional identical.

5, in this way, the field has no " stiff seedling " generation.

Embodiment 2

1, select one double cropping rice production area, Yuanjiang City---grass town, about 800 mu, March 18 cleaned out a drain, and the field was reached become a fine day not stay water, and not ponding rains.

2, April 10, adopt rotovator to turn over Chinese milk vetch.

3, pour water after Chinese milk vetch turns over, irrigation quantity to be keeping field soil moistening, and the field face not ponding be standard.Kept this field water regime 5 days.April 15 is with rotovator leveling field face, April 16 basal dressing, April 17 rice transplanting, rice transplanting is identical with the operation of the traditional early rice farming in this ground.

4, poured water April 19, pouring water keeps the degree of depth of 2cm water layer to the field face, and this water depth begins dry field after being retained to May 4, and other farming operation is with traditional identical.

5, in this way, the field has no " stiff seedling " generation.

Claims (1)

1. a rice field Chinese milk vetch turns over method, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:

A, field ditch cleaning draining:

The Chinese milk vetch growing period is dredged and is cleared up the drain ditch in Chinese milk vetch plantation land for growing field crops, so that field, field face peak level is not higher than 0.5cm;

B, Chinese milk vetch non watered ploughing:

Between the full-bloom stage of Chinese milk vetch, keep field, field face water height at 0.25～1.25cm, and Chinese milk vetch is turned over;

C, shallow water moisture management:

After Chinese milk vetch is turned over, keep the field face to have water and peak level not to be higher than 1.25cm, the operation of so that Chinese milk vetch macerated 3～8 days, can carry out raking in the rice field, fertilising and early rice being transplanted;

D, the management of early rice shallow water:

After early rice is transplanted, before dividing late tillering state, early rice keep field, field face water height to be lower than 3cm.