CN108770583A - A kind of persimmon disjunctor cultural method and verify its advanced check experiment method - Google Patents
A kind of persimmon disjunctor cultural method and verify its advanced check experiment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108770583A CN108770583A CN201810634648.2A CN201810634648A CN108770583A CN 108770583 A CN108770583 A CN 108770583A CN 201810634648 A CN201810634648 A CN 201810634648A CN 108770583 A CN108770583 A CN 108770583A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
- A01G2/35—Cutting; Inserting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of persimmon disjunctor cultural method and verifies its advanced check experiment method, includes the following steps：Persimmon is done surely according to sustained height, two major branches, the major branch between adjacent two persimmons is stayed to carry out grafting connection, the grafting junction of two major branches is fixed on horizontal stand；The side shoot that major branch is sprouted carries out drawing branch processing, and drawing branch, treated that side shoot top is fixed in the support wire of tree body both sides；To drawing the side shoot of branch processing to carry out gibberellin processing, continuously spray three times, every time sprinkling interval one month；The persimmon later stage is grafted.Present invention progress 80 cm height of persimmon determines dry-cure, can induce the pumping number of base portion branch；Major branch is grown, the increment for drawing branch to add gibberellin processing that can increase persimmon major branch is carried out.The germination rate of side shoot can be improved by drawing branch and carrying out gibberellin processing.The graft technology of tree body fusion, may be used be abutted against, cleft grafting and cut-grafting, high graft survival rate.
Description
Technical field
Technical field of cultivation is merged the present invention relates to tree body, specially a kind of persimmon disjunctor cultural method and to verify its advanced
The check experiment method of property.
Background technology
Persimmon is that a kind of distribution is wide, and long lifespan is as a result early, and yield is high, and manageability, quality is good, shelf-stable, resistance to transport it is excellent
One of main woody grain seeds of good fruit tree and China.Persimmon is both economic tree and ecological seeds, and with sight
Reward value.Persimmon is got well and managed because such, for uplifting the people's living standard, increases orchard worker's income, improves the ecological environment
It is significant.
Tree body fusion cultivation technique is the technology for making tree body be combined by graft technology, connection independent individual fruit tree,
It is a kind of laborsaving, low-consumption high-efficiency cultivation mode.
Persimmon needs to operate tree body, how realize in the course of cultivation in carrying out tree body fusion cultivation
The pumping of base portion branch promotes the increment of persimmon major branch, has significant impact for the cultivation of persimmon.Gibberellin is wide
A general existing Plant Hormone.Chemical constitution belongs to Diterpenes acid, is obtained by four ring skeletons derivative.Gibberellin type at least 38
Kind, it is applied to agricultural production, the growth of leaf and bud can be stimulated.Therefore, the present invention seeks a kind of advanced to promote persimmon disjunctor
Cultural method, and the checking test method of this method advance is provided.
Invention content
In order to overcome above-mentioned technical problem, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of persimmon disjunctor cultural method and it is verified
Advanced check experiment method.
A purpose according to the present invention, provides the following technical solutions：
A kind of persimmon disjunctor cultural method, includes the following steps：
S1, persimmon do surely, are done surely according to sustained height to persimmon, stay two major branches, between adjacent two persimmons
Major branch carries out grafting connection, and the grafting junction of two major branches is fixed on horizontal stand；
S2 draws branch processing, the side shoot that major branch is sprouted to carry out drawing branch processing, and drawing branch, treated that side shoot top is fixed on tree
In the support wire of body both sides；
S3, sprinkling gibberellin is continuous to spray three times to drawing the side shoot of branch processing to carry out gibberellin processing, every time between sprinkling
Every one month；
S4, the grafting of persimmon later stage.
Further, in S1, along the line located level holder of persimmon plantation, the height of horizontal stand and persimmon are surely dry
It is highly consistent.
Further, in S1, the height of persimmon fixed pole is 0.8 meter.
Further, in S2, in each embedded Y type holders in the both ends of every row persimmon plantation row, between two Y type holders
Drawing sets support wire, and branch is drawn for side shoot.
Further, it is arranged opposite at least provided with four support wires, the support wire between the Y types holder
Between the diagonal brace of two Y types holders.
Further, in S3, gibberellin presses 1:15000 ratios are sprayed after being diluted.
Further, in S4, persimmon grafting method include be abutted against, cleft grafting or cut-grafting.
Another purpose according to the present invention provides a kind of a kind of above-mentioned pair of persimmon disjunctor cultural method advance of verification
According to test method, include the following steps：
S1, material prepare：The persimmon for selecting 12 normal growths, is classified as totally 4 groups of A, B, C, D, each group 3；It measures
And record the branch length and branch thick of 4 groups of persimmons；Each trunk base portion sprouting number is investigated and recorded；
S2, packet transaction：Persimmon fixed pole is carried out to 3 persimmons of A groups and draws branch processing, but does not spray gibberellin；To B groups
3 persimmons carry out persimmon fixed pole and draw branch processing, and spray gibberellin, continuous sprinkling three times, sprinkling interval one month every time；
Persimmon fixed pole is carried out to 3 persimmons of C groups and draws branch processing, and sprays gibberellin, sprinkling is primary；3 persimmons of D groups are without drawing
Branch processing, makes its vertical growth；
S3, growth record：Maturation history is carried out to 4 groups of persimmons,
S31, base portion branch sprouting situation investigation after each group is surely dry：
4 groups of persimmon base portion shoot growth situations are measured and recorded, date comprision is carried out；
S32, each group collateral generation situation comparative analysis：
4 groups of persimmon collateral generation situations are measured and recorded, date comprision is carried out；
S33, each group major branch growth length comparative analysis：
The increment of 4 groups of persimmon major branches is measured and recorded, date comprision is carried out；
S34, each group side shoot sprout young sprout growth length comparative analysis：
The increment that 4 groups of persimmon side shoots sprout young sprout is measured and recorded, date comprision is carried out；
S4 carries out graft survival rate comparative analysis to B group persimmons：Use 3 kinds of different grafting methods to B groups persimmon into
Row grafting, and record survival rate.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
1, a kind of exemplary persimmon disjunctor cultural method of the present invention and its advanced check experiment method is verified, to persimmon
The dry-cure of determining of 80 cm heights is carried out, the pumping number for inducing base portion branch is improved；For major branch grow, carry out draw branch add it is red mould
Element processing can increase the increment of persimmon major branch.The germination rate for drawing branch to add gibberellin processing that can improve side shoot, meanwhile, draw branch to add red
The collateral generation amount of mycin processing is handled higher than other.The graft technology of tree body fusion, may be used be abutted against, cleft grafting and cut-grafting,
High graft survival rate.
2, the present invention it is exemplary it is a kind of verification persimmon disjunctor cultural method advance check experiment method, to each group not
With the investigation of processing side shoot sprouting growing state, analysis shows the sprouting speed of growth of side shoot branch sprinkling gibberellin is higher than side shoot
The sprouting of gibberellin is not sprayed.Draw the A groups of branch processing similar to the D group sprouting growing states of check experiment vertical growth, it is red
Mycin processing side shoot sprouting developmental state is similar, but branch is drawn to add the B group side shoot sprouting speeds of growth that gibberellin handles 3 times higher than drawing
Branch plus gibberellin handle 1 C group.The two ways side shoot sprouting speed of growth of gibberellin processing is all higher than the A for drawing branch processing
Group and the D groups for compareing vertical growth.It can be seen that it is most fast to draw the B group side shoot sproutings growth that branch adds gibberellin to handle 3 times.
Later stage is grafted in different ways.It is abutted against, cleft grafting and the last survival rate of cut-grafting have all reached 100%.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of persimmon of embodiment of the present invention cultivation；
Fig. 2 is each group major branch growing state schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the growing state schematic diagram of each group side shoot young sprout of the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure, 1- persimmons, 2- horizontal stands, 3-Y types holder, 4- support wires, 5- graft junction, 6 major branches, 7- side shoots,
The ground 8-.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
A kind of persimmon disjunctor cultural method, includes the following steps：
S1, persimmon do surely, unified to persimmon 1 to determine dry-cure, fixed dry 0.8 meter of height for being set above ground 8, every persimmon
Tree 1 stays two major branches, the major branch 6 between adjacent two persimmons to be grafted, the grafting junction 5 that two major branches 6 are grafted is consolidated
It is scheduled on horizontal stand 2, horizontal stand 2 uses height to be made of 0.8 meter of horizontally disposed steel pipe；As shown in Figure 1.
S2 draws branch processing, the side shoot 7 that major branch 6 is sprouted to carry out that branch processing, the both ends that row is planted in every row persimmon 1 is drawn to bury
If a Y types holder 3, is drawn between two Y types holders 3 and set support wire 4, the quantity of support wire at least 4, it is 6 that can increase
Or more, support wire 4 is arranged between two opposite 3 corresponding diagonal braces of Y types holder, can by the way that a plurality of support wire 4 is arranged
To carry out selection use according to the height of side shoot, the treatment effect for drawing branch processing is improved.Branch will be drawn, and treated that 7 top of side shoot is consolidated
It is scheduled in the support wire 4 of tree body both sides；As shown in Figure 1.
S3, sprinkling gibberellin is continuous to spray three times to drawing the side shoot 7 of branch processing to carry out gibberellin processing, every time between sprinkling
Every one month；Gibberellin presses 1:15000 ratios are sprayed after being diluted.
S4, the grafting of persimmon later stage, persimmon grafting method include be abutted against, cleft grafting or cut-grafting.
A kind of check experiment method of the above-mentioned persimmon disjunctor cultural method advance of verification, includes the following steps：
S1, material prepare：The orchards Yunnan Prov Agriculture University Hou Shan select 12 normal growths persimmon, be classified as A, B,
C, totally 4 groups of D, each group 3；The branch length for measuring 4 groups of persimmons with vernier caliper measurement branch thick and records (referring to table 1)；
Table 1 handles the branch length and branch thick table of major branch before each group
S2, packet transaction：Persimmon fixed pole is carried out to 3 persimmons of A groups and draws branch processing, but does not spray gibberellin；To B groups
3 persimmons carry out persimmon fixed pole and draw branch processing, and spray gibberellin, continuous sprinkling three times, sprinkling interval one month every time,
Gibberellin presses 1:15000 ratios are sprayed after being diluted；Persimmon fixed pole is carried out to 3 persimmons of C groups and draws branch processing, and
Gibberellin is sprayed, sprinkling is primary, and gibberellin presses 1:15000 ratios are sprayed after being diluted；3 persimmons of D groups are without drawing
Branch processing, makes its vertical growth；
S3, growth record：Maturation history is carried out to 4 groups of persimmons,
S31, base portion branch sprouting situation investigation after each group is surely dry：
4 groups of persimmon base portion shoot growth situations are measured and recorded, date comprision (being shown in Table 2) is carried out；
2 each group base portion shoot growth situation table of table
Referring to table 2,
What May 10, base portion pumping branch number average was most is the B groups for drawing branch that gibberellin is added to handle 3 times, and minimum is
The C groups for drawing branch that gibberellin is added to handle 1 time.
To August 6 days, base portion pumping branch average it is most be the C groups for drawing branch that gibberellin is added to handle 1 time, minimum is
The D groups of vertical growth.August base portion branch pumping average on the 6th only draws branch that gibberellin is added to handle 1 time than what is risen May 10
C groups, other processing have different decline.
Therefore it can obtain：The sprouting for drawing branch to add gibberellin processing that can improve base portion branch.
S32, each group collateral generation situation comparative analysis：
It measures and records 4 groups of persimmon collateral generation situations, carry out date comprision (referring to table 3)；
3 each group side shoot germination and growth situation table of table
Note：The otherness that a b are p=0.05A when being p=0.01
Referring to table 3, side shoot young sprout germination rate is found out, it is highest to draw branch that gibberellin is added to handle the young sprout germination rate of 3 B groups
's.The B group side shoot young sprout germination rates that branch adds gibberellin to handle 3 times are drawn to be significantly higher than the A groups for drawing branch processing and upright D groups.It draws
The B groups side shoot young sprout germination rate that branch plus gibberellin handle 3 times adds 1 C group of gibberellin to be not significantly different with branch is drawn, and draws branch to add red
The C groups side shoot young sprout germination rate and draw the A groups of branch processing, upright D group side shoot young sprout germination rates not notable that mycin processing is 1 time
Difference.It can obtain：Carry out the sprouting for drawing branch to add gibberellin processing that can be conducive to side shoot.
S33, each group major branch growth length comparative analysis：
It measures and records the increment of 4 groups of persimmon major branches, carry out date comprision (referring to Fig. 1)；
Referring to Fig. 2, the summit of growth phase of each group persimmon is June 7 to July 8, wherein drawing branch that gibberellin is added to handle 3 times
B group increments be higher than each groups of other processing, draw the growth of A groups that branch adds the C groups that gibberellin handles 1 time to be handled with drawing branch to grow
Degree is notable to 6 daily variation of August July 8, is higher than the D groups of vertical growth, and the increment of the D groups of check experiment vertical growth begins
Eventually less than other processing.It can be seen that the growth of major branch can be promoted by carrying out gibberellin processing.
S34, each group side shoot sprout young sprout growth length comparative analysis：
It measures and records the increment that 4 groups of persimmon side shoots sprout young sprout, carry out date comprision (referring to Fig. 2)；
Referring to Fig. 3, the period that the young sprout growth of each group branch sprouting is most fast is June 7 to July 5.The 5 of early period
On 10 to June 7 moon, branch young sprout is slow-growing, and from June 7 to July 8, young sprout growth was rapid, July 8 to August life on the 6th
Long speed is slow.In the young sprout growth of each group different disposal, drawing branch adds the B group apple neonatal tress increments that gibberellin handles 3 times
Higher than other each groups.The A group shoot lengths of branch processing are wherein drawn to be only second to the B group young sprouts life for drawing branch that gibberellin is added to handle 3 times
Long amount.The collateral generation amount of branch processing is drawn to be more than control.The D group young sprout speeds of growth of check experiment vertical growth are consistently lower than it
The young sprout speed of growth of his each group.It can thus be concluded that：Persimmon is carried out to draw branch processing, draws branch that gibberellin is added to handle 3 times, draws branch to add red
Mycin is handled 1 time, can increase the increment of apple neonatal tress.
S4 carries out graft survival rate comparative analysis to B group persimmons：Use 3 kinds of different grafting methods to B groups persimmon into
Row grafting, and record survival rate (referring to table 4).
The survival rate of the different grafting processing of table 4
Referring to table 4, during grafting persimmon, 3 kinds of different grafting methods are used.Wherein it is abutted against, cleft grafting and cut-grafting
Survival rate be up to 100%, it is feasible to illustrate to carry out grafting under this planting type.
By taking out the investigation of hair to each group persimmon base portion branch, base portion branch sprouting, which sprouts in average, draws branch to add gibberellin
The C groups that processing is 1 time are highest.Draw branch that the B groups that gibberellin handles 3 times is added to be compared with the C groups for drawing branch that gibberellin is added to handle 1 time
Compared with drawing branch adds the C groups that gibberellin handles 1 time higher than the B groups for drawing branch that gibberellin is added to handle 3 times.The results show that carrying out check experiment
Vertical growth D group persimmons have the new Tip density of base portion branch be less than other processing group.
In the investigation to each group different disposal collateral generation situation, analysis shows the increment of side shoot branch sprinkling gibberellin
Gibberellin is not sprayed higher than side shoot.Draw the D group sprouting growing state phases of the A groups and check experiment vertical growth of branch processing
Seemingly, gibberellin processing side shoot sprouting developmental state is similar, but the B group side shoot sprouting speeds of growth for drawing branch that gibberellin is added to handle 3 times
Higher than the C groups for drawing branch that gibberellin is added to handle 1 time.The two ways side shoot sprouting speed of growth of gibberellin processing, which is all higher than, draws at branch
The A groups of reason and the D groups for compareing vertical growth.It can be seen that drawing the B group side shoot sproutings growth that branch adds gibberellin to handle 3 times most fast.
Later stage is grafted in different ways.It is abutted against, cleft grafting and the last survival rate of cut-grafting have all reached 100%.
In conclusion persimmon improves the germination rate of base portion branch sprouting by gibberellin processing, while accelerating side shoot
The persimmon speed of sprouting.Later stage, no matter which kind of grafting method survival rate was all very high.Therefore, a kind of persimmon disjunctor of the invention cultivation side
Method can significantly improve growth and the graft survival rate of persimmon.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
Understanding without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention can carry out these embodiments a variety of variations, modification, replace
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of persimmon disjunctor cultural method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S1, persimmon do surely, are done surely according to sustained height to persimmon, and two major branches, the major branch between adjacent two persimmons are stayed
Grafting connection is carried out, the grafting junction of two major branches is fixed on horizontal stand；
S2 draws branch processing, the side shoot that major branch is sprouted to carry out drawing branch processing, and drawing branch, treated that side shoot top is fixed on tree body two
In the support wire of side；
S3 sprays gibberellin, and to drawing the side shoot progress gibberellin processing of branch processing, three times, sprinkling every time is spaced one for continuous sprinkling
A month；
S4, the grafting of persimmon later stage.
2. a kind of persimmon disjunctor cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S1, along the line of persimmon plantation
The height of located level holder, horizontal stand is consistent with the height that persimmon does surely.
3. a kind of persimmon disjunctor cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S1, the height of persimmon fixed pole is
0.8 meter.
4. a kind of persimmon disjunctor cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S2, plant and go in every row persimmon
Each embedded Y type holders in both ends, drawn between two Y type holders and set the support wire, branch is drawn for side shoot.
5. a kind of persimmon disjunctor cultural method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that at least set between the Y types holder
There are four support wires, the support wire to be arranged between the diagonal brace of two opposite Y types holders.
6. a kind of persimmon disjunctor cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S3, gibberellin presses 1:15000 ratios
Example is sprayed after being diluted.
7. a kind of persimmon disjunctor cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S4, persimmon grafting method includes
It is abutted against, cleft grafting or cut-grafting.
8. verifying a kind of any check experiment methods of persimmon disjunctor cultural method advance of claim 1-7, feature
It is, includes the following steps：
S1, material prepare：The persimmon for selecting 12 normal growths, is classified as totally 4 groups of A, B, C, D, each group 3；It measures and remembers
Record the branch length and branch thick of 4 groups of persimmons；Each trunk base portion sprouting number is investigated and recorded；
S2, packet transaction：Persimmon fixed pole is carried out to 3 persimmons of A groups and draws branch processing, but does not spray gibberellin；To the 3 of B groups
Persimmon carries out persimmon fixed pole and draws branch processing, and sprays gibberellin, continuous sprinkling three times, sprinkling interval one month every time；To C
3 persimmons of group carry out persimmon fixed pole and draw branch processing, and spray gibberellin, and sprinkling is primary；3 persimmons of D groups are without drawing branch
Processing, makes its vertical growth；
S3, growth record：Maturation history is carried out to 4 groups of persimmons,
S31, base portion branch sprouting situation investigation after each group is surely dry：
4 groups of persimmon base portion shoot growth situations are measured and recorded, date comprision is carried out；
S32, each group collateral generation situation comparative analysis：
4 groups of persimmon collateral generation situations are measured and recorded, date comprision is carried out；
S33, each group major branch growth length comparative analysis：
The increment of 4 groups of persimmon major branches is measured and recorded, date comprision is carried out；
S34, each group side shoot sprout young sprout growth length comparative analysis：
The increment that 4 groups of persimmon side shoots sprout young sprout is measured and recorded, date comprision is carried out；
S4 carries out graft survival rate comparative analysis to B group persimmons：3 kinds of different grafting methods are used to transfer B group persimmons
It connects, and records survival rate.
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| CN109302903A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-02-05 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of disjunctor cultural method of persimmon |
| CN111657024A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-09-15 | 青岛汇勤农业有限公司 | Pear tree planting method |
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