CN108575480B - Late-maturing mango cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mango cultivation, and discloses a late-maturing mango cultivation method, wherein wild mangoes (commonly called carambola fruits) are picked for one-year cultivation, cultivated wild mango seedlings are used as female parents, local ivory mango branches are selected as scions in 4-6 months each year, the wild mango seedlings are grafted on the wild mango seedlings by adopting a bud grafting method, after the wild mango seedlings survive for 2 years, local three-year mango branches are used as the scions to perform 2-time grafting by adopting a cleft grafting method, after the 2-time grafted seedlings survive for 1 year, the local three-month mango branches are used as the scions to perform 3-time grafting by adopting the cleft grafting method, and after the fourth year, the branches of mango trees which survive after 3-time grafting can be used as the scions of the late-maturing mangoes to be grafted on the wild mango seedlings or to reform old ivory trees.

Description

Late-maturing mango cultivation method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mango cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating late-maturing mangoes.

Background

The late-maturing mango is produced in Jingdong county, a elephant bud mango branch is grafted on a mother tree (carambola mango tree) to survive, mango is grafted on a second elephant bud mango tree to survive after 2 years, a elephant bud kidney branch is grafted on a three-year mango mother tree after 4 years, and mango which is smaller than the elephant bud mango and larger than the three-year mango is grafted after 5 years. The existing cultivation technology has harsh requirements and conditions and low survival rate, and is not suitable for large-area popularization and use. The grafting cut is longer than the common length by more than 2cm and is cut below the large surface.

In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows: the existing cultivation technology has harsh requirements and conditions and low survival rate, and is not suitable for large-area popularization and use.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for cultivating late-maturing mangoes.

The late-maturing mango cultivation method is characterized in that local wild mangoes are picked for one year cultivation, cultivated wild mango seedlings serve as female parents, and local ivory mango branches serve as scions in 4-6 months each year; grafting on wild mango seedlings by adopting a bud grafting method, after the wild mango seedlings survive for 2 years, using local three-year mango branches as scions to perform 2-time grafting by adopting a cleft grafting method, and after the 2-time grafted seedlings survive for 1 year, using local three-month mango branches as scions to perform 3-time grafting by adopting a cleft grafting method; and in the fourth year, taking branches of mango trees which survive after 3 times of grafting as scions of late-maturing mangoes to be grafted on wild mango seedlings or carrying out reconstruction on old ivory mango trees.

Further, the method for cultivating the late-maturing mangoes comprises the following steps:

selecting trees which are free of diseases and insect pests and have the diameter of 10-40cm, and selecting trees in 4-6 months in a transplanting season;

step two, grafting and planting, wherein the root system of the mango tree can be broken during transplanting;

step three, covering a mulching film;

step four, feeding the mulberry into the double-layer mould.

Further, the grafting, transplanting and surviving method of the mango trees with the diameter of 5-10cm comprises the following steps:

taking out 5-10cm thick mango trees without diseases and insect pests;

step two, keeping the root system of the transplanted mango tree at 15 cm;

step three, a method for grafting the big bark by using an 8cm mango variety branch is adopted, and a cutting opening is 5-6cm away from a bud head;

step four, binding the grafting opening with the white mulberry, and then binding the main body of the tree;

and fifthly, planting the seedlings to the ground in a shady and cool place during transportation for seven days, adding rooting water and covering the ground with a mulching film.

Further, the method for grafting the mango seedlings with bare roots in the small common denominator comprises the following steps:

step one, taking mango seedlings with the diameter of more than 1 cm;

step two, keeping the main rod for 30cm, and turning off the head;

step three, grafting a disease-free and robust variety branch on a fracture, wherein the branch is 5-6cm long, reserving an upper bud cutting opening by using a grafting method, and then performing white mulberry binding;

fourthly, pruning roots to obtain new root openings, and adding rooting powder;

and fifthly, planting the seeds into the ground with the depth of 1-2cm, adding rooting water, and observing for one month.

Another object of the present invention is to provide mangoes bred using the late-maturing mango breeding method.

The invention carries out large-area nursery base construction to form a scion base for the development of the late-maturing mangoes, repeated cultivation of the technical method is not needed, the late-maturing mangoes reformed and invented by the technology provide guarantee for the local large-area development of the mango industry, the old mangoes have more root systems after being transplanted and grow, the method is better for fertilization management, a method for breaking the bark on the main root every year can be used, a new root system can be arranged beside the main root, the method is better for fertilization management, positioning pipes are empty, dwarfed, broken root bark and large root bark are arranged in management, and the diameter of the section is small, so that the method is good in growth vigor and beneficial to dwarfing management. And thirdly, carefully cleaning the garden, trimming, ensuring ventilation and light transmission in management, and performing garden cleaning fertilization, flowering-period fertilization, seven-maturity multi-point scapular fertilization and other measures. The late-maturing mango managed in this way is fragrant and sweet, and has the advantages of high yield and good quality. The method has the following characteristics: the technology is simple and easy to learn, the popularization is convenient, the grafting survival rate is high, the seedling utilization rate is high, the investment is low when the degenerated old mango is transformed, the effect is quick, the later-stage management investment of the new variety is low, and compared with other local mango varieties, the new variety has the distinct characteristics: the utilization rate of the seedling is improved by 32 percent, the grafting survival rate is improved by 38 percent, the investment cost is reduced by 28 percent, and the benefit is increased by 40 percent. The late-maturing mango disclosed by the invention has the following advantages: the mango blooms in the same period with local mango but ripens late for about 100 days, the transplanting survival rate of seedlings is high, the investment for transforming a degenerated old mango garden is less, the effect is quick, and the transformed Jingdong mango garden has strong disease resistance, simple management and low investment cost and is beneficial to large-area popularization and planting. Has the advantages of three-year mango and March mango, and also has the characteristics of no fruit cracking, late ripening, fragrance, rich trace elements, high fruit setting rate, large and smooth fruit, tender texture, compact tissue, rich nutrition and the like which are not possessed by three-year mango and March mango. The late-maturing mango has the advantages that most of mangoes are picked up in 5-7 months and only in 10 months compared with a mango which is matured one time by one hundred days, the late-maturing mango is unique in advantages, and the mango is fragrant and sweet, stands in the middle of autumn and is widely used in national celebration.

Mango seedlings with different thicknesses can be grafted, the budding rate reaches over 95 percent, and the grafted fruits have fragrant taste and rich nutrition.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a late-maturing mango cultivation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for grafting, transplanting and surviving mango trees with a diameter of 5-10cm provided by the embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for grafting small common-centimeter mango seedlings with bare roots according to an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The following detailed description of the principles of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the method for transplanting the old mango trees provided by the embodiment of the invention includes the following steps:

s101, selecting trees which are free of diseases and insect pests and have the diameter of 10-40cm, and selecting the trees in 4-6 months in a selective manner in a transplanting season;

s102, grafting and planting, wherein the root system of the mango tree can be broken during transplanting;

s103, covering a mulching film;

s104, Momo bilayers.

As shown in fig. 2, the mango tree grafting, transplanting and survival method with the diameter of 5-10cm provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:

s201, taking out 5-10cm thick mango trees without diseases and insect pests;

s202, keeping the root system of the transplanted mango tree at about 15 cm;

s203, grafting the big bark with an 8cm mango variety branch, wherein a cutting opening is 5-6cm away from a bud head;

s204, binding the grafting opening with the white morel, and then binding the main body of the tree;

s205, during transportation, the seedlings can be planted on the ground in shady and cool places for about seven days, then root fixing water is added, the seedlings are planted on the ground, and the survival rate can reach more than 95%.

As shown in fig. 3, the method for grafting a small-centimeter mango seedling to a bare root provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:

s301, taking mango seedlings with the diameter of more than 1 cm;

s302, the main rod is left for about 30cm, and the head of the main rod is removed;

s303, grafting a disease-free and robust variety branch on a fracture, wherein the branch is 5-6cm long, reserving an upper bud cutting opening by using a grafting method, and then performing white mulberry binding;

s304, pruning roots to obtain new root openings, and adding rooting powder for germination;

s305, planting the seeds into the ground with the depth of about 1-2cm, adding rooting water, observing for one month, and ensuring that the seeds survive without water shortage.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A late-maturing mango cultivation method is characterized in that local wild mangoes are picked for one year of cultivation, cultivated wild mango seedlings serve as female parents, and local ivory mango branches serve as scions in 4-6 months of each year; grafting on wild mango seedlings by adopting a bud grafting method, after the wild mango seedlings survive for 2 years, using local three-year mango branches as scions to perform 2-time grafting by adopting a cleft grafting method, and after the 2-time grafted seedlings survive for 1 year, using local three-month mango branches as scions to perform 3-time grafting by adopting a cleft grafting method; in the fourth year, branches of mango trees which survive after 3 times of grafting are used as scions of late-maturing mangoes and grafted on wild mango seedlings or old ivory mango trees are reformed;

the method comprises the following steps of grafting branches of mango trees which survive grafting for 3 times as scions of late-maturing mangoes on wild mango seedlings or reforming old ivory mango trees:

selecting trees which are free of diseases and insect pests and have the diameter of 10-40cm, and selecting trees in 4-6 months in a transplanting season;

step two, grafting and planting, wherein the root system of the mango tree can be broken during transplanting;

step three, covering a mulching film;

and step four, applying a tree film double-layer film.

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