CN108138392B - 编织的管状套筒及其构造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
提供了一种用于引导和保护细长构件的隔热套筒及其构造方法。该套筒具有在相对的两开放端之间沿着中心轴线延伸的管状编织壁,其具有固定于其上的反射性外箔层。该壁用纵长地延伸的经纱和周向地延伸的填纱编织而成。所述填纱包括以并排邻接关系捆扎成为单纬的第一和第二填纱,由此形成彼此成轴向地间隔开的关系的分立的单纬束。第一填纱被提供为标准单丝,第二纬纱被提供为具有低熔材料,所述低熔材料熔融并粘合到邻接的第一填纱上和邻接的经纱部分上,其中,分立束之间的间隔基本保持没有熔融的材料,从而进一步增强套筒的纵向柔性。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2015年8月4日提交的美国临时申请(序列号) No.62/200,783,以及于2016年8月3日提交的美国实用专利申请(序列号) No.15/227,480的权益,这两项专利申请通过引用完整地结合于本申请中。
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及用于保护细长构件的织物套筒,更具体地涉及热保护性的编织的管状套筒。
背景技术
已知的是,例如在汽车、飞机和航空航天飞机中,在具有粘合到其上的反射箔外层的管状编织套筒和编织的织物套筒中都包含细长构件,例如各种类型的电线、线束、电缆和导管,以便为细长构件提供抗磨损、流体和热影响的保护。然而,已知的保护套的问题已被证明难以克服;即,编织套筒通常是松的并呈现扁平轮廓,而保护性的编织套通常具有非常紧密的编织结构以防止织纱相对于彼此移位,因此编织套筒通常非常硬。这两种情况都在使用中存在潜在的问题。由于编织套筒通常是扁平的,所以编织套筒难以安装,并且由于编织的壁具有相对薄的扁平化的结构,因此外箔层在运输时会出现开裂的问题。类似地,编织套筒可能难以安装在蜿蜒的金属线/导管之上,因为它非常硬并且不具柔性,这也可能导致套筒在绕拐角被引导时产生不希望的扭结。进一步知道,这两种套筒都具有端部散损的问题,特别是在被冷切成一定长度时,这在纱线从套筒的开放端掉出时会出现。
因此,需要一种套筒,它在维持圆形管状结构以便于安装在细长构件之上与防止外箔层开裂(例如在运输期间)之间提供平衡,同时具备足够的柔性以允许套筒可容易地顺着蜿蜒的路径安装,同时还防止在绕拐角被引导时产生扭结,并且进一步在使用中在被冷切成一定长度时抵抗端部散损。
发明内容
本发明的一个方面提供了用于引导和保护细长构件的隔热套筒。该套筒具有细长的管状编织壁,该壁在相对的两开放端之间沿中心轴线延伸,固定有反射箔的外层。所述壁用与中心轴线平行地延伸的经纱和横向于经纱延伸的填纱 (fill yarns)来编织而成。所述填纱被提供为第一填纱和第二填纱,其中第一填纱与第二填纱以并排邻接的关系捆扎成束。这样,第一填纱和第二填纱作为单纬 (single pick)编织在一起,从而形成绕中心轴线周向地延伸的分立的单纬束 (bundle),其中该分立束沿着套筒的长度而彼此轴向地间隔开,以增强套筒的纵向柔性。第一填纱作为例如天然PET的标准单丝提供,而第二填纱至少部分地作为低熔纱提供,其中第二填纱被熔融和粘合到邻接的第一填纱,并且粘合到邻接的经纱的部分,其中分立束之间的间隔保持基本上没有熔融材料,由此进一步改进套筒的纵向柔性。
根据本发明的另一方面,第二填纱可以作为双组分单丝提供,所述双组分单丝具有热定型芯和外鞘(outer sheath),所述外鞘熔融并与相邻纱线粘合。
根据本发明的另一方面,经纱可以作为复丝提供。
根据本发明的另一方面,经纱可以作为玻璃纤维复丝提供,
根据本发明的另一方面,外箔层可以螺旋缠绕在编织壁周围
根据本发明的另一个方面,外箔层可以卷烟式卷绕在编织壁周围。
根据本发明的又一方面,提供了一种构造隔热套筒的方法。该方法包括,用经纱和横向于所述经纱延伸的填纱来编织细长管状壁,所述经纱在所述壁的开放的相对两端之间平行于中心轴线延伸。该方法进一步包括,提供填纱,所述填纱包括以并排的关系捆扎成束的第一填纱和第二填纱,并且将捆扎成束的第一纱线和第二纱线编织为单纬,由此形成绕中心轴线周向地延伸的第一纱线和第二纱线的分立的单纬束(bundle),其中该分立束沿着套筒的长度彼此轴向地间隔开,其中,所述间隔为套筒提供增强的纵向柔性。该方法还包括,第一填纱被提供为例如天然PET的标准单丝,并且第二填纱被至少部分地提供为低熔纱。更进一步,该方法包括在编织壁的外表面上施加箔外层。该方法进一步包括,将编织壁设置在心轴之上,并加热第二填纱以使第二填纱的至少一部分熔融并粘合到邻接的第一填纱上,并且粘合到经纱的邻接部分上,从而用于将粘合的纱锁定在一起,同时在分立束之间留下至少一部分间隔没有熔融材料,从而改善套筒的纵向柔性。
根据本发明的另一方面,该方法还包括,提供第二填纱,其被提供为具有可热定型的芯和可熔的外鞘的双组分单丝,并且在加热心轴上的第二纱线的同时,使外鞘熔融并与相邻的纱线粘合以及使内芯承受热定型。
根据本发明的另一方面,该方法可以进一步包括,提供经纱作为复丝。
根据本发明的另一方面,该方法可以进一步包括,提供经纱作为玻璃纤维复丝。
根据本发明的另一方面,该方法可以进一步包括,将箔层螺旋缠绕在编织壁周围。
根据本发明的另一方面,该方法可以进一步包括,将箔层卷烟式卷绕在编织壁周围。
根据本发明的另一方面,该方法还包括,编织寸纬大于6的填纱。
根据本发明的另一方面,所述方法包括,编织寸纬在大约6和14之间的填纱。
根据本发明的另一方面,该方法可以进一步包括,在每一纬(pick)中编织两道(2passes)第一填纱和两道第二填纱。
根据本发明的另一方面,该方法可以进一步包括,在平型针织机上编织管状壁。
根据本发明的另一方面,该方法可以进一步包括,在梭织机上编织管状壁。
附图说明
结合下面对当前优选实施例和最佳方式、附图的详细描述,本发明的这些和其它的特征和优点将变得更容易理解,在附图中:
图1是根据本发明的一个方面构造的管状编织套筒的示意性透视图;
图1A是根据本发明的一个方面构造的管状编织套筒的类似于图1的视图;
图2是大体上沿图1和1A的线2-2截取的示意性截面图;
图3是图1和图1A所示套筒的管状壁的外反射层的放大的局部剖视图;
图4A是根据本发明的一个方面的纬纱的放大的截面图;和
图4B是根据本发明的另一方面的纬纱的放大的截面图。
具体实施方式
更详细地参照附图,图1示出了根据本发明的一个方面构造的热保护性管状套筒以下称为套筒10)的示意图。应该理解的是,“管状”意味着套筒10具有周向地连续的壁12,并且它不具有自由的纵长地延伸的侧边缘。套筒10旨在用于引导和保护例如为电线、线束或导管的细长构件14免于暴露于磨损和污染物、碎片等的侵入,同时也屏蔽细长构件14以防暴露于热。细长壁12沿着中心轴线16纵长地延伸,并界定在相对的两开放端20,22之间沿着中心轴线16延伸的周向地封闭的空腔18。壁12由经纱24和填纱编织而成,其中填纱包括第一填纱26a和第二填纱26b。第一填纱26a与第二填纱26b以并排的邻接关系捆扎成束。如此,第一填纱26a和第二填纱26b以并排的关系编织在一起成为单纬,由此形成绕中心轴线16周向地延伸的分立束28,其中分立束28沿着套筒10的长度方向由不连续的无填纱的间隔29而彼此轴向地间隔开。间隔29具有在相邻束28之间延伸的轴向延伸宽度,其大致等于单个束28的宽度。出于下面更详细讨论的原因,无填纱的间隔29用于为套筒10提供改善的纵向柔性。应该认识到,单个的间隔29的宽度可根据需要改变,以选择性地增加或减小套筒10的纵向柔性,这是根据预期应用的要求,通过调整寸纬来实现的。该寸纬可以在套筒10 的长度上进行调节,使得套筒10因寸纬的数量减少而可以具有柔性增加的选定区域,以及因每英寸纱挑的数量增加而可具有刚度增加的区域。
第一填纱26a被提供为例如天然PET的标准单丝,而第二填纱26b被提供为至少部分地由沿着第二填纱26b外表面的整个长度延伸的低熔材料25形成的低熔纱。通过第二填纱26b的低熔材料25在构造套筒10期间被熔融,就使第二填纱26b与邻接的第一填纱26a和经纱24的邻接部分相粘合。为了增强套筒 10的柔性,不连续的间隔29的至少一部分保持没有第二填纱26b的熔融材料。应该认识到,第二填纱26b的熔融材料通过熔融而固化,因此该固化材料具有增加的硬度。因此,没有该固化材料的间隔29就为套筒10提供了增强的纵向柔性。
为了保护和防止细长构件14暴露于外部热并防止污染物侵入,反射性外层30例如通过合适的高温粘合剂粘合而固定到编织壁12的外表面32。
壁12被构造成保持大体上圆形的形状,从而避免在其自身重量作用下扁平化,和抵抗端部散损,这借助于第二填纱26b的熔融和粘合的部分来实现,端部散损是因填纱掉出套筒端部20,22所引起的不期望的状况。为了进一步增强壁1保持其圆形的能力,第二填纱26b除了使其外表面至少部分地熔融之外,还可以被提供为进行热定型。因此,根据目前优选的实施例,第二填纱26b被提供为既是可热定型的纱也是低熔纱,例如但不限于,如图4A所示的起双重作用的双组分纱线。该双组分纬纱26b包括中心芯27和外鞘25,其中外鞘25是具有比中心芯27更低熔点的低熔材料,以便于将外鞘熔融并粘合到相邻的邻接纱线上,由此起到将相邻的填纱和经纱彼此锁定就位的作用,并防止在套筒壁12冷切割到一定长度时出现端部散损。中心芯27被提供为是可热定型的材料,以将纱26b以及因此壁12保持为大体圆形的构造,如通常横向于中心轴线16截取的横截面所示。虽然双组分纱26b优选用于第二填纱26b,但是在本文中也考虑其他类型的纱线,例如热、水或压力活化的材料,其可熔融、粘合或在某些条件下被活化,以将编织结构中的纱线彼此固定。第二填纱26b的材料还可以包括粘合剂涂覆的纱线,或者材料带,其将不同熔点和/或活化性质的材料缠结、扭转或粘合成一根纱线,无论是单丝还是多丝。另外,如图4B中所示,可以设想,第二填纱26B可以被提供为是其熔点低于第一填纱26a熔点的低熔材料25的单丝。此外,为了提供耐磨性和额外的环箍强度(hoop strength),作为例子而非限制性的是,第一填纱26a可以被提供为天然PET单丝。
在一个示例性实施例中,填纱26a,26b二者均被提供为是0.38mm的单丝,并且与经纱24—起被编织成9寸纬(PPI)的平纹编织图案,其中每个束28延伸越过并且位于每隔一根的交替的经纱24之下,并且每根经纱24在每隔一个的交替的束28之上和之下延伸。作为实例而非限制性的是,经纱24被提供为玻璃纤维复丝,其旦数为3822,并且经纱密度为21端。应该认识到,其他类型的经纱在本文中也是可考虑的,例如但不限于标准或天然PET的复丝。还应该认识到,其他类型的编织图案在本文中也是可以考虑的,例如方平编织图案和斜纹编织图案,并且进一步地,填纱的直径可以是任何合适的直径。
在编织连续壁12时,可以将反射性外层30固定或粘合到壁12的外表面 32。反射性外层30可以是任何合适的可卷绕金属箔,例如铝,其中层30可以具有适合于提供期望的耐久性和柔性的任何期望的厚度。如图1所示,反射性外层 30可以被提供为大致窄条的材料,其螺纹缠绕在套筒10的壁12的外表面32上;或者,如图1A所示,外层30’可以被提供为具有稍大于壁12外周长的宽度,使得它可以围绕套筒10’的壁12的外表面32以“卷烟”方式缠绕,以使纵长地延伸的相对的两边缘彼此形成重叠的关系。不管使用哪种缠绕构造,都可以使用合适的粘合剂将反射层30,30’的各自重叠边缘粘合到自身,和/或将反射性外层30,30’直接地粘合到壁12的外表面32上。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供了一种构造热保护管状套筒10的方法。该方法包括,用经纱24和填纱来编织细长管壁12,所述经纱24在壁12的相对的两开放端20,22之间平行或基本平行于中心轴线16延伸,并且所述填纱横向于或基本横向于经纱24延伸。该方法进一步包括,提供填纱,所述填纱包括以并排的关系彼此捆扎成束的第一填纱26a和第二填纱26b,并且将成束的第一和第二填纱26a,26b编织为单纬,由此形成绕中心轴线16周向地延伸的第一和第二纱26a,26b的分立束,其中分立的单纬束28沿着套筒10的长度而彼此轴向地间隔开不连续的间隔29,其用于为套筒10提供增强的纵向柔性。该方法还包括,将第一填纱26a提供为例如天然PET的标准单丝,并且将第二填纱26b至少部分地提供为低熔点纱线材料25。此外,该方法包括,围绕编织壁12的外表面32 缠绕箔30的外层。该方法还包括,将编织壁12设置在心轴之上,并加热第二填纱26b以使得至少一部分填纱26b熔融、固化并与邻接的第一纱26a和经纱24 的邻接部分相粘合,从而用来将粘合的纱线锁定在一起,同时留下间隔29的至少一部分没有熔融材料,由此借助于间隔29保持套筒10的增强的纵向柔性。
根据本发明的另一方面,该方法可进一步将第二填纱26b提供为双组分单丝,其具有可热定型的芯27和可熔的外鞘25,并且在加热心轴上的第二纱线 26b的同时使外鞘25熔融并与相邻的纱线24,26a粘合并使内芯27呈热定型的形状,从而为套筒10提供增强的环箍强度并用于保持套筒10具有大致圆形的形状,如在横截面中看到的那样(图2)。
根据本发明的另一方面,该方法可包括,例如,将经纱24提供为复丝,例如玻璃纤维复丝或PET复丝。
根据本发明的另一方面,该方法可包括,以卷烟卷绕方式(图1A)或螺旋缠绕方式(图1)将箔层30缠绕在编织壁上。
根据本发明的另一方面,所述方法包括,编织填纱,所述填纱具有大于 6的寸纬(PPI),并且例如在一个示例性实施例中具有介于大约6和14之间、比如为9的PPI。应该认识到,PPI可以形成为偏离至至少略微地超出上述限值,虽然测试已经显示在6至14PPI之间的测试条件下具有最佳的性能。
根据本发明的另一方面,为了提高套筒10,10’的成品环箍强度,该方法可以包括,在每一纬中编织两道第一填纱26a和两道第二填纱26b,由此使每个束28形成为具有4个邻接的纱线段,其中每个束28通过介于中间的间隔29 而彼此轴向地分开。
根据本发明的另一方面,该方法可以包括,在平型针织机上或在梭织机上编织管状壁12。
显然,根据上述教导,本发明的许多修改和变化是可能的。因此,应该理解的是,在所附权利要求的范围内,本发明可以以与这里所具体描述不同的方式来实施。
Claims (17)
1.一种用于引导和保护细长构件的织物套筒,包括:
在相对的两开放端之间沿着中心轴线延伸的细长的管状编织壁,带有固定于其上的反射箔外层,所述壁包括平行于所述中心轴线延伸的经纱和横向于所述经纱延伸的填纱,所述填纱包括以并排邻接的关系捆扎成束的第一填纱与第二填纱,以形成绕所述中心轴线周向地延伸的分立束,所述第一填纱具有第一熔点,所述第二填纱具有低熔材料的外表面,所述低熔材料具有低于所述第一熔点的第二熔点,所述低熔材料被熔融并粘合到所述第一填纱上和所述经纱的邻接部分上,所述分立束彼此轴向地隔开一定的间隔,所述间隔没有所述熔融的低熔材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的织物套筒,其中,所述第二填纱是具有可热定型芯的双组分单丝,所述可热定型芯被热定型,并且为所述壁提供相对于所述芯未热定型时增加的环箍强度。
3.根据权利要求2所述的织物套筒,其中,所述第一填纱是不可热定型的。
4.根据权利要求2所述的织物套筒,其中,所述经纱是复丝。
5.根据权利要求4所述的织物套筒,其中,所述复丝是玻璃纤维复丝。
6.根据权利要求1所述的织物套筒,其中,所述经纱是复丝。
7.根据权利要求1所述的织物套筒,其中,每个所述分立束包括两股所述第一填纱和两股所述第二填纱。
8.根据权利要求1所述的织物套筒,其中,所述反射箔外层螺旋缠绕在所述编织壁上。
9.根据权利要求1所述的织物套筒,其中,所述反射箔外层卷烟式卷绕在所述编织壁上。
10.根据权利要求1所述的织物套筒,其中,所述编织壁具有平纹编织图案。
11.一种构造织物套筒的方法,包括:
用经纱和横向于所述经纱延伸的填纱来编织细长的管状壁,所述经纱在所述壁的相对的两开放端之间平行于中心轴线延伸;
提供包括第一填纱和第二填纱的填纱,所述第一填纱具有第一熔点,所述第二填纱包括低熔材料的外表面,所述低熔材料具有低于所述第一熔点的第二熔点,并且,将所述第一填纱和第二填纱以并排的关系进行编织,以形成绕所述中心轴线周向地延伸的分立束;
在所述壁的外表面上施加箔外层;以及
将所述壁设置在心轴之上,并加热所述第二填纱以使所述第二填纱的所述低熔材料的外表面熔融并与邻接的第一填纱及所述经纱的邻接部分相粘合,以便将粘合的纱锁定在一起,通过没有所述熔融的低熔材料的间隔来使所述分立束彼此轴向地隔开。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,还包括,将所述第二填纱提供为具有可热定型芯的双组分单丝,并使所述可热定型芯进行热定型。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,还包括,将所述第一填纱提供为不可热定型的材料。
14.根据权利要求12所述的方法,还包括,将所述经纱提供为复丝。
15.根据权利要求11所述的方法,还包括,将所述壁编织为具有平纹编织图案。
16.根据权利要求11所述的方法,还包括,将所述箔外层围绕所述壁螺旋缠绕。
17.根据权利要求11所述的方法,还包括,将所述箔外层围绕所述壁卷烟式卷绕。
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BR112015023097A2 (pt) * | 2013-03-15 | 2017-07-18 | Fed Mogul Powertrain Inc | luva têxtil resistente à abrasão flexível e método de construção da mesma |
US20150093556A1 (en) | 2013-10-01 | 2015-04-02 | Federal-Mogul Powertrain, Inc. | Wrappable laminated textile sleeve with enhanced flexibility and method of reducing cracking in a foil layer of a wrappable textile sleeve |
WO2016010730A1 (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2016-01-21 | Federal-Mogul Powertrain, Inc. | Protective sleeve with bonded wire filaments and methods of construction thereof |
JP6653093B2 (ja) * | 2014-10-31 | 2020-02-26 | 株式会社 加島 | 保護スリーブ及びその製造方法 |
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2016
- 2016-08-03 US US15/227,480 patent/US10357933B2/en active Active
- 2016-08-04 EP EP16756842.7A patent/EP3332054B1/en active Active
- 2016-08-04 KR KR1020187004512A patent/KR102545876B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2016-08-04 CN CN201680057877.1A patent/CN108138392B/zh active Active
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- 2016-08-04 BR BR112018002265-9A patent/BR112018002265B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2016-08-04 JP JP2018505717A patent/JP6907185B2/ja active Active
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WO2017024094A1 (en) | 2017-02-09 |
BR112018002265A2 (pt) | 2018-09-18 |
JP6907185B2 (ja) | 2021-07-21 |
US11384457B2 (en) | 2022-07-12 |
EP3332054A1 (en) | 2018-06-13 |
BR112018002265B1 (pt) | 2022-09-06 |
US20190375181A1 (en) | 2019-12-12 |
EP3332054B1 (en) | 2020-09-23 |
KR102545876B1 (ko) | 2023-06-20 |
KR20180034491A (ko) | 2018-04-04 |
US10357933B2 (en) | 2019-07-23 |
US20170036412A1 (en) | 2017-02-09 |
CN108138392A (zh) | 2018-06-08 |
JP2018528335A (ja) | 2018-09-27 |
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