CN107836145B - Machine for recovering residual film from field of large-root stubble crops such as sunflower and corn - Google Patents
Machine for recovering residual film from field of large-root stubble crops such as sunflower and corn Download PDFInfo
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- CN107836145B CN107836145B CN201711118649.3A CN201711118649A CN107836145B CN 107836145 B CN107836145 B CN 107836145B CN 201711118649 A CN201711118649 A CN 201711118649A CN 107836145 B CN107836145 B CN 107836145B
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- hollowed
- spring tooth
- picking
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- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims description 16
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 title 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 241000208818 Helianthus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001875 Ebonite Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000003643 Callosities Diseases 0.000 abstract description 8
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 abstract description 8
- 241000209149 Zea Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B43/00—Gatherers for removing stones, undesirable roots or the like from the soil, e.g. tractor-drawn rakes
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
- Harvesting Machines For Root Crops (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for recycling residual films of large stubble crop fields such as sunflowers, corns and the like, which is characterized in that structures such as a spring tooth film protecting belt, a hollowed-out separating frame, an N-level rolling vertical roller, a spring tooth slideway, hollowed-out gaps, a stripping film and the like are innovatively arranged in the structure of a complete machine. A land wheel is arranged below the front part of the frame; the appearance of the hollowed-out separation frame is approximately in inverted Z-shaped arrangement, and the hollowed-out separation frame is provided with a film lifting shovel, an N-level rolling vertical roller, a spring tooth slideway and a hollowed-out gap; the appearance trend of the protective film conveying belt and the transmission chain is consistent with that of the hollowed-out separating frame; a stripping film piece is arranged on the right side of the protective film conveying belt at the upper part of the collecting box; the lower part of the collecting box is provided with a supporting travelling wheel; the bottom of the collecting box is a gravity self-discharging device. The device integrates rolling, film lifting, picking up, transporting and collecting, is suitable for recycling the residual film of large-root-stubble crop fields such as sunflowers, corns and the like, and can greatly improve the mechanized recycling degree of the residual film of the large-root-stubble crop.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to farmland residual film recovery equipment, in particular to a waste residual film recovery device for large-stubble crop fields such as sunflowers, corns and the like.
Background
At present, the film-covered planting technology is widely applied to the planting process of crops such as sunflowers, corns and the like in inner Mongolia areas, but brings economic benefit and a series of problems to cultivated lands. Due to the immature residual film recovery technology, a large amount of residual films are left in the soil, and accumulated in the soil, a blocking layer is formed in the soil, so that the absorption of moisture and nutrients by crops is influenced, rotten seeds and rotten buds are caused, and the germination and emergence of seeds are influenced.
Aiming at adverse effects caused by the residual film, some scientific research institutions and enterprises aim at exploring and researching a residual film recycling machine. On the basis of a potato harvester, a novel roller type residual film recycling machine is successfully developed by the Hefeng Shenniu company, and aims at recycling residual films in sandy soil; the residual film recovery machine in Xinjiang is aimed at the recovery of residual films in cotton fields. In general, the existing plastic film residue recycling machine has the defects of complex structure, poor universality, low plastic film residue recycling rate and the like, and is not suitable for plastic film residue recycling of large-root stubble crop fields such as sunflower, corn and the like in inner Mongolia areas, so that development of the plastic film residue recycling machine capable of recycling the large-root stubble crop fields such as sunflower, corn and the like is not slow.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a plastic film residue recycling machine which is suitable for large-root crops such as sunflowers and corns, and aims to solve the problem that the existing plastic film residue recycling machine device in the market cannot recycle plastic films of large-root crops, by means of a great deal of research and improvement, structures such as a spring tooth film protecting belt, a hollowed-out separating frame, an N-stage rolling vertical roller, a spring tooth slideway, a hollowed-out gap and a film removing device are innovatively arranged in the structural design of the whole machine, wherein the rotating direction of the spring tooth film protecting belt is consistent with the walking direction of a tractor (the existing equipment is opposite). The device can effectively pick up the field residual film of the autumn sunflower field and the corn field, and is suitable for application and popularization in river regions.
The basic technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the plastic film residue recovering machine suitable for sunflower, corn and other crops with large root stubble is composed of land wheel, frame, traction seat, herringbone frame, cross commutator, hollowed separating frame, N-stage rolling vertical roller, film protecting conveyer belt, middle driving system, conveying chain, picking up spring tooth shaft, supporting chain wheel, idler wheel, demoulding device, collecting box, gravity self-unloading plate and other structures. Wherein, the lower side of the front part of the frame is provided with a land wheel; two sides of the front part of the frame are respectively provided with a group of intermediate transmission systems; the middle part of the frame is provided with a hollow separating frame, the outline of the hollow separating frame is approximately in inverted Z-shaped arrangement, and the hollow separating frame is provided with a film lifting shovel, an N-level rolling vertical roller, a spring tooth slideway and a hollow gap; the appearance trend of the protective film conveying belt and the transmission chain is consistent with that of the hollowed-out separating frame; a stripping film piece is arranged on the right side of the protective film conveying belt at the upper part of the collecting box; the lower part of the collecting box is provided with a supporting travelling wheel; the bottom of the collecting box is a gravity self-discharging device.
In order to achieve the function, when in operation, the tractor is connected with a traction seat and a propeller strut on the residual film machine, power is distributed to the cross commutator through the universal joint, and output shafts are respectively arranged on two sides of the cross commutator box to drive chain wheel systems on two sides to rotate. In the plastic film residue recovery process, the land wheel rolls field plastic film and root stubble earlier, the root stubble, earth and plastic film are shoveled up through the film shovel of welding in fretwork separation frame bottom afterwards, pick up the spring tooth and pick up the plastic film simultaneously, pick up the spring tooth and get into the spring tooth slide, the plastic film residue is pressed from both sides between spring tooth slide and protection film conveyer belt, and slide along the upper end backward along the fretwork separation frame trend, when rolling stand the roller on the fretwork separation frame, the N level can freely rotate roll stand the roller and will pick up the plastic film residue that the spring tooth transported, root stubble, earth and block mixture rolls, root stubble and earth block after rolling follow the spring tooth of picking up and follow spring tooth slide direction and continue to carry backward, partial plastic film residue can drop automatically when conveying to the collecting box top, the plastic film residue that does not drop is scraped from picking up the spring tooth by the piece and drops to the collecting box, when reaching certain weight, self-discharging device in the collecting box takes place the slope and lifts off the plastic residue in the collecting box, circulation like this.
The appearance of the hollowed-out separation frame is approximately in inverted Z-shaped arrangement, and a film lifting shovel, an N-level rolling vertical roller and a spring tooth slideway and hollowed-out gaps are arranged on the hollowed-out separation frame.
The lower end of the hollowed-out separation frame is provided with a film lifting shovel, the inclination angle between the film lifting shovel and the ground is 3-15 degrees, and the width of a single film lifting shovel plate is 5-15cm.
The hollow separation frame is provided with a spring tooth slideway, the width of the spring tooth slideway is 1-2mm larger than the outer diameter of the picking spring tooth, and the spring tooth slideway is uniformly distributed along the width direction of the hollow separation frame.
The rolling vertical roller on the hollowed separating frame consists of a rolling vertical roller shaft and a rolling vertical roller shell, N-level rolling vertical rollers are arranged on two sides of a spring tooth slideway in the oblique direction of the hollowed separating frame, the gap of the N-level rolling vertical rollers is from large to small, and the minimum distance is 1-2mm larger than the outer diameter of a picking spring tooth.
The two sides of the picking up elastic tooth shaft are in a sheet shape, the middle of the picking up elastic tooth shaft is in a round shaft shape, and two cylindrical holes are formed in the sheets on the two sides of the picking up elastic tooth shaft and are coaxially fixed with the hanging chain lug seat; the picking elastic teeth are fixed on the picking elastic tooth shaft at equal intervals, penetrate through the protective film conveying belt and are fixed with the protective film conveying belt through bolts and nuts.
The trend of the protective film conveying belt and the trend of the conveying chain are consistent with the appearance trend of the hollowed-out separating frame.
The conveying chain consists of a common chain link and a hanging chain link, the upper conveying chain is supported by a supporting chain wheel, and the lower conveying chain is supported by an idler wheel, so that the transition from tilting to horizontal is completed.
The demolding device comprises a demolding sheet and a demolding sheet fixing plate, the demolding sheet and the demolding sheet fixing plate are arranged on the upper portion of the collecting box, the right side of the hollowed-out separating frame is provided with a notch, the picking-up elastic tooth rotates through the notch, and the picking-up elastic tooth rotates through the notch, wherein: the release film is made of hard rubber.
The collecting box consists of a net-shaped collecting frame and a gravity self-discharging bottom plate, the gravity self-discharging bottom plate is fixed at the rear end of the frame through a bearing with a seat, and the balance point is based on the fact that the bottom plate is not inclined.
The land wheel, the supporting travelling wheel and the ground are at the same horizontal height, and the depth of the spring tooth entering the soil reaches 3-10mm.
The rotating direction of the elastic tooth protective film belt is consistent with the walking direction of the tractor.
The invention has the practical beneficial effects that: the residual film recycling machine is provided with a group of transmission systems on two sides of the frame respectively, so that the stress balance of the whole machine in the working process can be effectively ensured. The adopted picking spring tooth is a standard component, so that the cost is low, the structure is simple, and the flexibility of the spring tooth is good; n-level rolling vertical rollers are welded on the hollowed separating frame, the mixture of the stubble, the residual film and the soil block is rolled for multiple times, the stubble and the soil block fall into the field from the hollowed gap, and the residual film after recovery has lower impurity content. The machine has novel structural design, simple structure, convenient use, low manufacturing cost and high residual film recovery rate, integrates compacting, film lifting, picking up, rolling and transporting, is suitable for recovering the residual film of large-root crops such as sunflowers, corns and the like, can greatly improve the recovery degree of the residual film after sunflowers and corns are planted in river-cover areas, and further reduces white pollution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of a residual film recycling machine of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the residual film recycling machine of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hollow separating frame of the residual film recycling machine;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of the N rolling stand roller of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the spring tooth and spring tooth shaft according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the release film according to the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a ground wheel, a 2-frame, a 3-traction seat, a 4-propeller strut, a 5-cross commutator, a 6-intermediate transmission system, a 7-protective film conveying belt, an 8-conveying chain, 9-picking up spring teeth, a 10-supporting chain wheel, an 11-separating film, a 12-separating film fixing plate, a 13-hollowed separating frame, a 14-collecting box, a 15-gravity self-discharging plate, a 16-supporting travelling wheel, a 17-ground, a 18-film lifting shovel, a 19-I stage rolling vertical roller, a 20-II stage rolling vertical roller, a 21-N stage rolling vertical roller, a 22-idler pulley, a 23-spring tooth slideway, a 24-hollowed gap and a 25-picking up spring tooth shaft.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1,2, 3, 4,5 and 6, the residual film recycling machine device for large stubble crops such as sunflowers, corns and the like comprises a land wheel 1, a frame 2, a traction seat 3, a herringbone frame 4, a cross commutator 5, an intermediate transmission system 6, a protective film conveying belt 7, a conveying chain 8, pick-up spring teeth 9, a supporting chain wheel 10, a release film 11, a release film fixing plate 12, a hollow separating frame 13, a collecting box 14, a gravity self-discharging plate 15, a supporting travelling wheel 16, a film lifting shovel 18, I-N stage rolling vertical rollers 19-21, an idler wheel 22, a spring tooth slideway 23, a hollow gap 24, pick-up spring tooth shafts 25 and the like. When the film residue machine works, the tractor is connected with the traction seat 3 and the propeller strut 4 on the film residue machine, power is distributed to the cross commutator 5 through the universal joint, and output shafts are respectively arranged on two sides of the cross commutator 5 to drive chain wheel systems on two sides to rotate. In the residual film recovery process, the land wheel 1 rolls the field mulching film and the stubble firstly, then the stubble, the soil blocks and the mulching film are shoveled up through the film shoveling shovel 18 welded on the hollowed separation frame 13, the picking up spring teeth 9 pick up the mulching film at the same time, the picking up spring teeth 9 enter the spring teeth slide way 23, the residual film is clamped between the spring teeth slide way 23 and the protective film conveying belt 7 and slides towards the upper rear end along the hollowed separation frame 13, when the I-stage rolling vertical roller 19 on the hollowed separation frame 13 is rotated, the mixture of the residual film, the stubble and the soil blocks conveyed by the picking up spring teeth 9 is rolled for the first time, and the II-stage rolling vertical roller 20 which is gradually reduced in clearance is rolled up for a plurality of times through the N-stage rolling vertical roller 21, the rolled stubble and soil blocks drop from the hollowed clearance 24, the residual film continues to be conveyed backwards along the direction of the picking up spring teeth 9 along with the spring teeth slide way 23, and the residual film which is not dropped can automatically when the residual film is conveyed above the picking up spring teeth slide way 14, the residual film which is dropped from the spring teeth 9 falls down from the spring teeth 9 and falls down from the back to the picking up teeth 9, the film is rolled up the residual film and the residual film is automatically, the residual film which is discharged from the film is inclined to the collecting box 14 when the residual film is inclined to the film is in a certain cycle, and the film is recovered, and the residual film is recovered in the film is recovered, and the film is recovered by the film 15, and the film is repeatedly rolled.
Claims (5)
1. The device consists of a land wheel, a frame, a traction seat, a herringbone frame, a cross commutator, a hollowed separating frame, a multi-stage rolling vertical roller, a protective film conveying belt, an intermediate transmission system, a conveying chain, picking up spring teeth, picking up spring tooth shafts, a supporting chain wheel, an idler wheel, a demoulding device, a collecting box and a gravity self-discharging plate; wherein: the lower side of the front part of the frame is provided with a land wheel; two sides of the front part of the frame are respectively provided with a group of intermediate transmission systems; the middle part of the frame is provided with a hollow separating frame, the outline of the hollow separating frame is approximately in inverted Z-shaped arrangement, and the hollow separating frame is provided with a film lifting shovel, a multi-stage rolling vertical roller, a spring tooth slideway and a hollow gap; the appearance trend of the protective film conveying belt and the transmission chain is consistent with that of the hollowed-out separating frame; a stripping film piece is arranged on the right side of the protective film conveying belt at the upper part of the collecting box; the lower part of the collecting box is provided with a supporting travelling wheel; the bottom of the collecting box is a gravity self-discharging device; the multi-stage rolling vertical rollers are arranged on two sides of the spring tooth slideway in the inclined direction of the hollowed-out separating frame, and the gaps of the multi-stage rolling vertical rollers are gradually reduced from bottom to top; the two sides of the elastic tooth shaft are in a sheet shape, the middle of the elastic tooth shaft is in a round shaft shape, and two cylindrical holes are formed in the sheets at the two sides of the elastic tooth shaft and are coaxially fixed with the hanging chain lug seat; the upper conveying chain is supported by a chain wheel to change the direction, the lower conveying chain is supported by an idler wheel, a plurality of picking up spring teeth are fixed on a spring tooth shaft at equal intervals, and pass through a protective film conveying belt to be fixed with the protective film conveying belt through screw nuts; when the picking up spring tooth rotates to the rolling vertical roller on the hollowed-out separating frame, the rolling vertical roller rolls the mixture of the residual film, the stubble and the soil block conveyed by the picking up spring tooth.
2. The sunflower, corn stubble crop field residual film recycling machine device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the appearance of the hollowed-out separation frame is approximately in an inverted Z shape, a film lifting shovel is arranged at the lowest end of the hollowed-out separation frame, the inclination angle between the film lifting shovel and the ground is 3-15 degrees, and the width of each film lifting shovel plate is 5-15cm.
3. The sunflower, corn stubble crop field residual film recycling machine device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hollow separation frame is provided with spring tooth slide ways, the width of each spring tooth slide way is 1-2mm larger than the outer diameter of each picking spring tooth, and the spring tooth slide ways are uniformly distributed along the width direction of the hollow separation frame.
4. The sunflower, corn stubble crop field residual film recycling machine device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the collecting box upper portion, protection film conveyer belt right side is equipped with takes off the diaphragm, takes off to be equipped with the incision on the diaphragm, picks up the spring tooth and passes through from incision rotation, wherein: the release film is made of hard rubber.
5. The sunflower, corn stubble crop field residual film recycling machine device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the land wheel, the supporting travelling wheel and the ground are at the same horizontal height, and the depth of the picking up spring tooth to enter the soil is 3-10 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711118649.3A CN107836145B (en) | 2017-11-14 | 2017-11-14 | Machine for recovering residual film from field of large-root stubble crops such as sunflower and corn |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711118649.3A CN107836145B (en) | 2017-11-14 | 2017-11-14 | Machine for recovering residual film from field of large-root stubble crops such as sunflower and corn |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107836145A CN107836145A (en) | 2018-03-27 |
| CN107836145B true CN107836145B (en) | 2024-06-11 |
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| CN201711118649.3A Active CN107836145B (en) | 2017-11-14 | 2017-11-14 | Machine for recovering residual film from field of large-root stubble crops such as sunflower and corn |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108738408A (en) * | 2018-06-23 | 2018-11-06 | 山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所 | A kind of potato residual film machine retracting device |
| CN108811709A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-11-16 | 新疆农业大学 | It eats certain herbaceous plants with big flowers and picks up the ceding of Taiwan |
| CN110150000A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-08-23 | 河南农业大学 | One kind cutting film-recovering machine |
| CN115534172B (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-03-10 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Cleaning device and cleaning method for recycling residual films |
| CN116058151B (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2024-04-26 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Parallel chain conveying type potato picking, impurity removing and bagging machine |
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