CN108029320A - Cutter guiding mechanism and beet harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of cutter guidance set, including stent, drawing mechanism, guiding mechanism and connecting rod.Drawing mechanism includes axle portion, casing, the first are drawn sword, second draw sword.Guiding mechanism includes positioning seat, swing arm, at least two spring lever.The positioning seat is rack-mount, and through an articulated shaft on the positioning seat, spring lever is fixed on the lower section of swing arm for swing arm.The first spherical hinge of middle part of connecting rod is rack-mount, and the second spherical hinge of one end of connecting rod is connected to casing, and the 3rd spherical hinge of one end of connecting rod is connected to the upper end of swing arm.Guiding mechanism is moved along the trend on beet ridge, and when beet ridge shifts, spring lever drives swing arm to rotate.Connecting rod drives drawing mechanism movement, so as to adjust the position drawn sword.Guiding mechanism is rack-mount through thrust spring, which can move up and down with relief height, and guide drawing mechanism to rotate.The invention also discloses a kind of beet harvester.

Description

Cutter guiding mechanism and beet harvester

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of cutter guiding mechanism and beet harvester, belong to agriculture harvesting apparatus.

Background technology

201620205730 .X disclose a kind of beet harvester, it configures automatic system of go the rounds.The cropper is in beet Match somebody with somebody respectively on cropper support assembly front end, at both sides position of the hitch frame with beet harvester support assembly hinge point Dress automatic go the rounds device assembly and bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder.Automatic device assembly of go the rounds accurately tracks beet dish root position, by the sweet tea of collection Dish dish root position signal feeds back to hydraulic control drive system in time, is realized by hydraulic control drive system to bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder It is flexible, beet harvester support assembly is moved in parallel in the horizontal direction.This automatic system of go the rounds is electronic type to row Device, the case do not disclose its concrete structure and working method.

《Beet harvester based on ADAMS automatically emulates row detection agency》《Towed sugar beet combine is automatic To row system development》（Nanjing Agriculturing Mechanization Inst., Ministry of Agriculture, Wang Shenying, Wu Huichang etc.）Disclose to row guiding mechanism Simulation architecture.During equipment operation, left and right detection bar perceives the left and right offset of beet root on ridge, drives hanging rod, sensor branch Plate and sensor connecting shaft rotate, and angular transducer, angle are transferred to so as to will detect the left and right displacement of bar and be converted to angle change Angle variable quantity is converted into digital pulse signal and is transmitted to controller control fluid-link steering executing agency by sensor, is realized automatic To row.

《Beet harvester is automatically to row hydraulic pressure correction Execution System Design and experiment》（Ministry of Agriculture's Nanjing agriculture mechanization is ground Study carefully institute, Wang Shenying etc.）Devise automatically to the structure of row hydraulic pressure correction execution system.In operation process, when offset signal detects System detectio to beet root Departure displacement and after communicating information to controller, controller judges to send control signal to liquid Pressure correction execution system, front steering mechanism drive vehicle frame to do and swing accordingly, and rear-axle steering mechanism drives trailing wheel deflection, matches somebody with somebody Close the correction of front steering mechanism.It is good that electronics puts luggage controllability, and shortcoming is not directly perceived enough, and it is unpredictable error occur.

The content of the invention

The present invention proposes a kind of mechanical cutter guiding mechanism, and drawing mechanism changes vertical according to the guiding of guiding mechanism To position, ensure to draw sword and cut in the soil of beet both sides.Of the invention this proposes a kind of beet with the cutter guiding mechanism Cropper.

The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：

A kind of cutter guidance set, including stent, drawing mechanism, guiding mechanism and connecting rod, the drawing mechanism include axle portion, Casing, the first are drawn sword, second draw sword, on the bracket, described sleeve pipe is sleeved on the outer of the axle portion for axle portion installation Side, the first, which draws sword to draw sword with second, is installed in the lower section of described sleeve pipe, and the guiding mechanism includes positioning seat, pendulum Arm, at least two spring lever, the positioning seat install on the bracket, the swing arm through an articulated shaft on the positioning seat, The spring lever is fixed on the lower section of the swing arm, and one first spherical hinge of middle part of the connecting rod is installed on the bracket, One second spherical hinge of one end of the connecting rod is connected to described sleeve pipe, and the 3rd spherical hinge of one end 1 of the connecting rod is connected to The upper end of the swing arm.

In the cutter guidance set of the present invention, the distance of first spherical hinge and second spherical hinge is D1, institute The distance for stating the first spherical hinge and the 3rd spherical hinge is D2, and the distance of the 3rd spherical hinge and the articulated shaft is D3, The articulated shaft spherical hinge and the distance of the spring lever end are D4, D1：D2 =D4： D3.

In the cutter guidance set of the present invention, the spring lever has a torsional part and a guide portion, and the guide portion is to pendulum The middle part of arm is close.

In the cutter guidance set of the present invention, which draws sword in an acute angle with second group of drawing sword.

In the cutter guidance set of the present invention, the stent includes a swing span, which connects through two support chips The positioning seat is connected to, which has a location division, and the positioning seat has a guide post, which passes through the positioning Portion, a thrust spring are sleeved on the outside of the guide post, and one end of the thrust spring is withstood on the guide post, and the other end withstands on described fixed In the portion of position.

In the cutter guidance set of the present invention, the positioning seat is equipped with least two infrared remote receiver, the pendulum Arm is equipped with least one infrared transmitter.

A kind of beet harvester, including the cutter guidance set, it is characterised in that further include stent, collecting mechanism, Cleaning mechanism, track down and recover mechanism, preceding threshing machine structure, impurity-removing mechanism, feeler mechanism, drawing mechanism and guiding mechanism.

Implement this cutter guiding mechanism and beet harvester of the present invention, have the advantages that：Guiding mechanism edge Movement is moved towards on beet ridge, and when beet ridge shifts, spring lever drives swing arm to rotate.Connecting rod drives drawing mechanism movement, So as to adjust the position drawn sword.Guiding mechanism is rack-mount through thrust spring, which can be with surface relief height Degree moves up and down, and guides drawing mechanism to rotate.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the beet harvester of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the other direction schematic diagram of Fig. 1, and collecting mechanism is eliminated in figure；

Fig. 3 is the partial view of Fig. 1, main presentation cleaning mechanism and tracks down and recovers mechanism；

Fig. 4 is another partial view of Fig. 3, and main presentation tracks down and recovers the installation site of mechanism；

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the other direction of Fig. 2, and stent is eliminated in figure；

Fig. 6 is the partial view of Fig. 5；

Fig. 7 is the partial view of Fig. 2, and main presentation tracks down and recovers the detailed construction of mechanism, feeler mechanism, drawing mechanism etc. in figure；

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the drawing mechanism of Fig. 7；

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the feeler mechanism of Fig. 7；

Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the guiding mechanism of Fig. 7；

Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the preceding threshing machine structure of Fig. 7；

Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of the other direction of Figure 11；

Figure 13 is the use state reference chart of the cutter guidance set of the present invention；

Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of the other direction of Figure 13；

Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of Figure 13；

Figure 16 is the schematic diagram of the collecting mechanism of Fig. 1；

Figure 17 is the sectional view of Figure 16.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Site preparation describes.

In the prior art,《The beet combined-type excavation device that automatic traveling is oriented to》（Middle machine U.S. promise science and technology share is limited Company, Li Jiandong etc.）.Offset of the device using bilateral copying spring in the plantation of single file beet and production process, passes through Spring pressure, adjust automatically digging wheel position, ensure that a certain range of beet of offset smoothly excavates.This offset certainly Excavating gear harvesting loss rate reduces by 3.56 percentage points, and leakage digging rate reduces by 3.08 percentage points, and operating efficiency improves 15%. 201620205730 .X disclose a kind of beet harvester, it configures automatic system of go the rounds.The cropper is in beet harvester machine On frame assembly front end, it is equipped with both sides position of the hitch frame with beet harvester support assembly hinge point and patrols automatically respectively Row device assembly and bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder.Automatic device assembly of go the rounds accurately tracks beet dish root position, by the beet dish root position of collection Confidence number feeds back to hydraulic control drive system in time, is realized by hydraulic control drive system and stretched to bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder, Beet harvester support assembly is set to move in parallel in the horizontal direction.This automatic system of go the rounds puts luggage for electronic type, should Case does not disclose its concrete structure and working method.Prior art discloses some electronics to put luggage.《Sweet tea based on ADAMS Dish cropper automatically emulates row detection agency》《Towed sugar beet combine is automatically to row system development》（Ministry of Agriculture south Capital mechanization of agriculture research institute, Wang Shenying, Wu Huichang etc.）Disclose the simulation architecture to row guiding mechanism.During equipment operation, Left and right detection bar perceives the left and right offset of beet root on ridge, drives hanging rod, sensor support plate and sensor connecting shaft to rotate, Angular transducer is transferred to so that the left and right displacement of bar will be detected and be converted to angle change, angular transducer turns angle variable quantity Change digital pulse signal into and be transmitted to controller control fluid-link steering executing agency, realize automatically to row.《Beet harvester is automatic To row hydraulic pressure correction Execution System Design and experiment》（Nanjing Agriculturing Mechanization Inst., Ministry of Agriculture, Wang Shenying etc.）Devise certainly The dynamic structure to row hydraulic pressure correction execution system.In operation process, when offset signal detecting system detects the inclined of beet root Off normal after moving and communicating information to controller, controller judges that sending control signal gives hydraulic pressure correction execution system, front steering Mechanism drives vehicle frame to do and swings accordingly, and rear-axle steering mechanism drives trailing wheel deflection, coordinates the correction of front steering mechanism.Electronics It is good that controllability is put to luggage, shortcoming is not directly perceived enough, and it is unpredictable error occur.

In the present embodiment, guiding mechanism 300, drawing mechanism 400 and connecting rod 450 form mechanical cutter Guiding machine Structure.One first spherical hinge 451 of middle part of connecting rod 450 is installed on stent 110, one second spherical hinge of one end of connecting rod 450 452 are connected to casing 420, and the 3rd spherical hinge 453 of one end 1 of connecting rod 450 is connected to the upper end of swing arm 320.Alley and beet During 900 generation position offset, swing arm 320 drives casing 420 to move, so as to adjust with spring pivotal under the effect of connecting rod 450 The position drawn sword.Certainly since 320 rotation amplitude of swing arm is limited, which is used to finely tune landform transverse direction tendency, is not suitable for changing Ridge operates.Referring to the drawings, swing arm 320, connecting rod 450 and casing 420 form multi-connecting-rod mechanism.Swing arm 320 and fixed component structure Into rotation, a prismatic pair（Higher pair ph）, connecting rod 450 and fixed component form a ball pair（Low secondary pl）, casing 420 is with fixing Component forms rotation, a prismatic pair（Higher pair ph）, connecting rod 450 and casing 420 and swing arm 320 respectively constitute a ball pair（It is low Secondary pl）.The free degree=3n- of whole multi-bar linkage（2pl+ph）=9-（2×3+2）=1.Whole linkage has definite shifting Dynamic direction, swing arm 320 can be transferred to cutter with the inclination of beet 900 and produce unique movement（With band partial turn）, so as to change Become and excavate position.The distance of first spherical hinge 451 and the second spherical hinge 452 is D1, the first spherical hinge 451 and the 3rd spherical hinge 453 distance is D2, and the distance of the 3rd spherical hinge 453 and articulated shaft be D3, articulated shaft spherical hinge and 330 end of spring lever Distance is D4.To ensure that offset is consistent, D1：D2 =D4： D3.

Cropper of the invention as shown in the figure, mainly by body 100, stent 110, preceding threshing machine structure 200, guiding mechanism 300th, feeler mechanism 120, drawing mechanism 400, impurity-removing mechanism 500, track down and recover mechanism 600, cleaning mechanism 700 and collecting mechanism 800 compositions.On position arrangement, preceding threshing machine structure 200, guiding mechanism 300, feeler mechanism 120, impurity-removing mechanism 500, pulling and lifting machine Structure 400, track down and recover mechanism 600, cleaning mechanism 700 and collecting mechanism 800 and install successively, preceding to beat to keep working region coaxial The position deviation of the mounting rod of leaf mechanism 200 and guiding mechanism 300.Preceding threshing machine structure 200 cuts off excessive 900 cauline leaf of beet. Guiding mechanism 300 is moved along the direction of single ridge arable land cauline leaf low with part.120 ground proximity of feeler mechanism, cutting stem knife can cut Except 900 top blue or green head of beet.Impurity-removing mechanism 500 is mainly used for cut-off 900 blue or green head of 900 leaf of beet and beet of cleaning, ensures 900 impurity of beet tracked down and recovered is reduced.Drawing mechanism 400 cuts 900 stem tuber both sides of beet, and beet 900 is released.Drawing mechanism 400, which receive the guiding of guiding mechanism 300, laterally adjusts position, avoid due to single ridge with 900 growing way of beet is inconsistent causes leakage to be cut.Rise Obtain mechanism 600 and the beet 900 of extraction is introduced into cleaning mechanism 700, the beet 900 through cleaning mechanism 700 is stored in collecting mechanism 800 In.

Body 100 is main support part, and body 100 is under the traction of the equipment such as tractor in the outer sidesway on beet ridge It is dynamic.The body 100 is by including wheel 130, frame section 140, control unit 150 and tractive unit 160.Wheel 130 is installed on the frame The lower section in portion 140, control unit 150 are installed on the top of the frame section 140, and tractive unit 160 is connected to the front of frame section 140. Tractive unit 160 has a bearing 161, for supporting body 100 in shutdown or maintenance.Frame section 140 has a cylinder 141, The output shaft of the cylinder 141 is hinged on tractive unit 160, which is used for the traction angle for adjusting tractive unit 160.Cleaning The vertical cleaning portion that mechanism 700 is connected with each other by horizontal cleaning portion forms, and horizontal cleaning portion is fixed on the lower section of frame section 140, Vertical cleaning portion is fixed on the top of frame section 140.The cleaning mechanism 700 is fixed on the rear of frame.Control unit 150 is babinet Structure, it includes the pressure control component of cylinder and valve member, and is connected by multiple medium loops with each cylinder.

The general position that beet is determined by the way of alley is directed at, precision are relatively low.It is contemplated that it is excessive to cut beet Cauline leaf, keeps root cauline leaf smooth, so that guiding mechanism aligns guiding.In 201120275826.0 beet harvester, It is made seedling device, makes seedling device, circular elevator afterwards, tilts elevator before including at least.Seedling device is made before it to be only used as to beat seedling.It is preceding to beat seedling Device is arranged on the front for cutting native disk, with digger blade correspondence.Circular elevator is vertically mounted on the rear end of rack, the circle The bottom inlet of elevator connects with the end outlet of transfer separation device.The cropper makes seedling device and beats seedling afterwards before being configured with Device, so as to quick separating cauline leaf.Circular elevator can aid in cleaning cauline leaf while beet is transported.The case it is preceding beat seedling device and The structure of elevator can be as the reference of the application.

The stent 110 of the present invention includes a swing span 111, and guiding mechanism 300 is installed on the swing span 111.As schemed Show, swing span 111 can with and can only be flipped up, to adapt to the change of alley height.Guiding mechanism 300 includes positioning seat 310th, the spring lever 330 of swing arm 320, at least two.The positioning seat 310 is installed on stent 110.Specifically, swing span 111 Positioning seat 310 is connected to through two support chips 311.Swing span 111, support chip 311 and positioning seat 310 form four bar machine of plane Structure, ensures that positioning seat 310 is vertically moved up or down.The swing span 111 has a location division 112, and positioning seat 310 has a guide post 312, should Guide post 312 passes through location division 112.Thrust spring 313 is sleeved on the outside of the guide post 312, and one end of the thrust spring 313, which is withstood on, leads On column, the other end is withstood on location division 112.Thrust spring 313 can also play the role of profiling, keep guiding mechanism 300 and alley Come into full contact with.In the present embodiment, the middle part gap of location division 112 is more than the width of guide post 312, is stopped to 312 side-sway of guide post Space.Through an articulated shaft on the positioning seat 310, spring lever 330 is fixed on the lower section of swing arm 320 for swing arm 320.Spring lever 330 It is close to the middle part of swing arm 320 with a torsional part 331 and guide portion 332, the guide portion 332.Guiding mechanism 300 is along beet ridge Move towards movement, when beet ridge shifts, spring lever 330 drive swing arm 320 rotate.Positioning seat 310 is equipped with least two A infrared remote receiver 314, swing arm 320 are equipped with least one infrared transmitter 321.RF transceivers can monitor swing arm 320 Maximum offset.

《Sugar beet harvester cauline leaf cutting technology》（Crops research institute of Heilongjiang University, Lu Bingfu etc.）Disclose master The structure for the cauline leaf topping machanism beet crown cleaning member wanted.Author thinks the working effect of beet harvester, in very great Cheng The cutting quality of root head is depended on degree, it is critically important ask to improve the course of work of residual cauline leaf and petiole on removing root head Topic.But rational solution is not proposed.201710117605.2 disclose a kind of cropper.It include the rack of frame-type, Eccentric wheel, land wheel, digger blade, three sweep tassel device, active double chain wheel, driven sprocket, two chain stretching devices.Three are swept tassel device Shaft of the shaft respectively with the shaft of active double chain wheel and two driven sprockets be connected, and three are swept tassel device and are located at sprocket wheel babinet Below；Two land wheels are respectively provided at the both sides of rack front beam.With reference to described in 0025 section of its specification, this is swept tassel device and is intended to substitute Feeler mechanism and cauline leaf cutting mechanism.But in terms of its structure, it is similar only with beating leaf process to sweep the process of tassel, can not substitute cutter Structure.

The preceding threshing machine structure 200 of the present invention includes the first strut 210, the second strut 220, cylinder 230, motor 240, turntable 250th, cutter shaft 260, multiple leaves striking rods 270, cutter 280.First strut 210 is rack-mount, one end hinge of the second strut 220 It is connected on the first strut 210, the other end is fixed on motor 240, and cylinder 230 is installed on the first strut 210, the cylinder 230 output shaft is hinged to the second strut 220.Cylinder 230 can drive workpiece to rotate, and adjustment beats leaf and cuts the height of stem. Motor 240 drives turntable 250 and cutter shaft 260, the turntable 250 and cutter shaft 260 to be mutually perpendicular to, and multiple leaves striking rods 270, which are installed on, to be turned On disk 250, cutter 280 is installed on cutter shaft 260, which is located at the front of leaves striking rod 270.Cutter 280 is approximately perpendicular to The direction of growth of beet cauline leaf.Preceding impeller structure of beating carries cauline leaf cutter 280, can will be partly higher by before workpiece enters estimated Height cauline leaf is cut off.Leaves striking rod 270 breaks up the cauline leaf after cut-out, avoids cauline leaf from being involved in workpiece.The outside of motor 240 Equipped with a guide rod 241.The bootable eminence cauline leaf of guide rod 241 cuts cauline leaf along outer lateral bend easy to 280 sharp keen place of cutter. In the present embodiment, turntable 250 is made of the first disk 251 and the second disk 252.First disk 251 has multiple first Positioning column 253, leaves striking rod 270 are installed in rotation on positioning column.Second disk 252 is installed on the first disk 251, and second Disk 252 has multiple second positioning columns 254, which is located at the both sides of leaves striking rod 270.Rotate the second disk 252, the prolonging direction of leaves striking rod 270 changes, and is conducive to change the effective length of leaves striking rod 270, while avoids replacing and beat Leaf bar 270.

《The design of beet topping machine is ground with experiment》（Machinery Equipment Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Land-Reclaimable Sciences, how to build etc.）Devise It is a kind of integrate cut tassel, profiling, cut top beet topping machine.It is mainly by trifilar suspension frame, gearbox, mainframe, centre Axis, profiling rack, hydraulic spring grease cup damper, sawtooth profiling roller, ground-contour-following device etc. form.Designer thinks spring pre-tightening Power is extremely notable to the influence for cutting top qualification rate, cutting rate less and cutting rate more.The case does not solve vertical during telescopic spring The problem of guiding.

The present invention feeler mechanism 120 include casing 121, telescopic rod 122, connecting rod 123, elastic rod 124, bearing 125 with And topper cutter 126.Casing 121 is installed on stent 110, in the upper end plug-in-sleeve 121 of telescopic rod 122.Telescopic rod 122 uses The components such as screw are installed in casing 121, and can adjust height as needed.The lower end of the telescopic rod 122 is hinged to connecting rod 123, which is connected to bearing 125.122, one groups of connecting rods 123 of telescopic rod and bearing 125 form four-bar mechanism, keep Bearing vertically moves.Topper cutter 126 is fixed on the bottom of the bearing, for cutting off 900 blue or green head of beet.The bottom tool of bearing 125 There is gauge finder 127, the bootable workpiece of flexure plane of gauge finder 127 is moved close to alley.The side of bearing 125 is equipped with and scrapes grass Plate 128, grass scraping plate 128 are lattice-shaped structure, for clearing up debris, are ensured smooth around beet 900.The side wall tool of casing 121 There is an extension 129, the upper end of elastic rod 124 is fixed on extension 129, and lower end is connected to bearing 125.In the present invention, Elastic rod 124 is, for example, high-performance spring.Its one end is hinged on bearing 125, and multiple positions at middle part are selectable to be fixed on Extension 129.When alley highly changes, feeler mechanism 120 elastic rod 124 effect under lift or fall, keep with Ground contacts.

Drawing mechanism 400, which includes axle portion 410, casing 420, the first are drawn sword 430, second draws sword 440.Axle portion 410 is pacified On stent 110, casing 420 is sleeved on the outside of axle portion 410, the first draw sword 430 and second draw sword and 440 be installed in set The lower section of pipe 420.Act the handle of a knife with extension shape of drawing sword.The first draw sword 430 with second draw sword 440 mutually it is at an acute angle, with profit In extraction 900 rhizome of beet.In addition, drawing mechanism 400 can also use an eccentric stiffener to drive, reach in periodically and dig, pull up Operation, its disclosed detailed construction of the prior art, the present invention do not repeat.

《Beet harvest technology and the research for digging loose position》（Qingdao Agricultural University's Electrical and Mechanical Engineering College, Wang Fangyan etc.）Think It is 200mm when digging loose depth, when digging pine distance is 40mm, the pulling force of beet is minimum.Agricultural machinery can be realized in product design accordingly With merging for agronomy, suitable excavation mode and position are determined.Cutter and the distance of beet both sides should be kept appropriate, to reduce Pull out force.201120407123.9 disclose a kind of beet pullout machine.It acts the connector sleeve that group of drawing sword includes being placed in connecting shaft, even Spindle is fixed on fore-stock.The both ends of connector sleeve are fixedly installed the first respectively draws sword and draws sword with second, and the first pulls out Knife and second draw sword to be set in splayed.The case also discloses offset adjustment mechanism, for beet production deviate when, The position for group of drawing sword can have been adjusted in time.But the adjustment of the offsetting mechanism relies on manual operation.《Disk digging type beet is combined Cropper designs and experiment》（Engineering college of China Agricultural University, Wang Fangyan etc.）Devise a kind of combined harvester.The owner will be by Transmission system, put luggage, the composition such as excavating gear, transfer separation device, hoisting equipment.It puts luggage and throws device Structure can be as the reference of the application.

《Research based on segmented beet harvester》（China Academy of Agriculture Mechanization, Sun Zhihong etc.）Disclose Segmented harvests the meaning of beet.Cropper is divided into dozen leaf and cuts top machine, beet digger, pick-up loader.For " dropping Beet tops between ridge can influence the work of next step beet digger so that collected beet root impurity content increase ", The publication is separated dish leaf using auger transport structure.For problem of the prior art, inventor proposes to set after top is cut Cleaning member, for handling blue or green top and cauline leaf around stem tuber.Its structure is with reference to threshing machine structure 200.The impurity-removing mechanism 500 is for example Including components such as motor 510, belts 520.

《The mechanical performance of moral Homer beet harvester and use》（Nine teacher of agriculture one six seven, easy Dongshan etc.）Disclose beet The common type of cropper, and disclose topping unit, root tuber delver and the primary structure for clearing up separator.There is part now There is technology to propose that pick-up mechanism is installed outside delver.Cropper is picked up 201410379057.7 disclosing beet and excavating, it is main It is used for the pickup and cleaning of beet.The lower end of its adjusting rod sets pickup plough and guide bar, and shaft lower end is rotated with clear material Disk connects, clear to expect that rotating disk front is adjacent with guide bar and pickup plough.Pickup plough, which buries, plows beet, and the beet plowed is being led Material bar and stock guide are lower into clear material rotating disk along leading.Set on the lower end outside of adjusting rod with serrate opening disk. Such as 0016 section of case specification, cuts off the grass kept off in mouldboard front portion positioned at the opening disk for picking up plough sidepiece.Opening disk is leaned on The passage of nearly beet, beet may be damaged during weeds are cut off.The mechanism 600 of tracking down and recovering of the present invention includes tracking down and recovering motor 610th, plectrum 620, cut stem motor 630 and cut stem knife 640.Track down and recover motor 610 and cut stem motor 630 and be installed on stent 110, The output for tracking down and recovering motor 610 is pivotally connected to plectrum 620, the plectrum 620 be located at the first draw sword and second draw sword between.Dial Beet 900 is dialled in the entrance of cleaning passage by piece 620, then brings cleaning mechanism 700 into by clear miscellaneous disk 714.Plectrum 620 for example with Hard rubber material is made.The output for cutting stem motor 630, which is pivotally connected to, cuts stem knife 640, this is cut stem knife 640 and is cleared up positioned at horizontal On the inside of passage 730 and outside the first is drawn sword（The inner side of outer fence）.It is disk-like structure that this, which cuts stem knife 640,.To avoid sweet tea 900 part cauline leaf of dish is blocked by horizontal fence 711, is cut stem knife 640 and is being cut off cauline leaf close to the position of fence.

《Sugar beet combine conveying hoisting equipment design》（MAE Northern Co., Ltd., Yang Wei etc.）It is open The structures of more ridge croppers.Its principle is that the premenstrual carrier chain of beet rhizome that digger blade is excavated is delivered to fruit soil separation Roller, gap of the soil during which largely excavated through conveyor chain are dropped, and counter-rotation fruit soil separate roller mainly removes sweet tea The soil of adhesive tape on dish stem tuber, is finally collected into fruit-collecting box by clamping hoisting equipment by beet.201610311128.9 that Sugar beet pickup device includes picking up part, picks up component and cleaning member.The cleaning member is used for by the pickup component The root crop picked is cleaned.Its cleaning member is made of multiple clearers, is unfavorable for clearing up beet weeds. Clear miscellaneous cropper is picked up 201520427288.0 disclosing a kind of beet and excavating.The case relates generally to multistage impurity-removing mechanism.Picking up The rear for picking up pears coordinates arrangement to be installed with acclivitous multistage clear miscellaneous turntable, the multistage clear miscellaneous rearmost discharge end of turntable successively It is connected to circulating elevating conveyor.Clear miscellaneous structure is integrally similar in the case, and it is miscellaneous clearly to be unfavorable for multi-angle.Its elevating conveyor There is no the structures such as shift fork, driver plate, can not be used as impurity-removing mechanism.In addition, it is in splayed symmetrical structure that it, which picks up plough, plough is picked up Between top thumb wheel is set.Beet is dialled in clear miscellaneous capstan by thumb wheel, and the structure of thumb wheel is in be uniformly arranged on wheel rim Radial rubber plectrum.The structure of the plectrum can be as the reference of the application.《Beet joint is excavated in the operation of 4LT-A type mistake rows Cropper development and experiment》（Nanjing Agriculturing Mechanization Inst., Ministry of Agriculture, Gu Fengwei etc.）The machine includes feed bin and row is detected Threshing machine structure, profiling topping mechanism, excavate conveying device etc..Its delver is arranged side by side with cutter, and threshing machine structure is positioned at excavation Device rear.Its conveying device is annular cage construction, beet can be further cleared up in transportational process, but undisclosed conveying fills The concrete structure put, and the additional designs done for cleaning beet.

The vertical cleaning portion 720 that cleaning mechanism 700 is connected with each other by horizontal cleaning portion 710 forms.Horizontal 710 He of cleaning portion Vertical cleaning portion 720 can be from multiple directions and the soil and debris of angle cleaning beet 900, and these cleaning portions can also be used as Transport section, easy to consolidated shipment beet 900.Horizontal cleaning portion 710 refers to the construction package of generally horizontal state, to use Need, also can relative level be tilted a certain angle.Horizontal cleaning portion 710 includes horizontal fence 711, the electricity of cantilevered axle 712, first Machine 713, clear miscellaneous disk 714.Horizontal fence 711,712 and first shift fork 718 of cantilevered axle are installed on the body 100.It is clear miscellaneous Disk 714 is located at the lower section of horizontal fence 711, and clear miscellaneous disk 714 forms horizontal cleaning passage 730 with horizontal fence 711, and the level is clear The entrance of reason passage 730, which corresponds to, tracks down and recovers mechanism 600, goes out corresponding vertical cleaning passage 740.Cantilevered axle 712 is located at horizontal fence 711 Center, motor is fixed on the lower section of the cantilevered axle 712, and the output of first motor 713 is pivotally connected to clear miscellaneous disk 714, this is clear Miscellaneous disk 714 drives beet 900 to be moved in level cleaning passage 730.In another embodiment, set and become in cantilevered axle 712 Fast component, deboost axle enter cantilevered axle 712 through body 100, drive clear miscellaneous disk 714 to rotate through transmission components.Horizontal fence 711 by Mutually contradictory interior fence group 715 and outer fence group 716 is formed, and fence is made of plurality of rods shape part, adjacent rod-like element composition One gap.Clear miscellaneous disk 714 is made of more centrosymmetric clear miscellaneous bars 717, and at least clear miscellaneous bar end of one extends back.Water The outside of flat fence 711 is equipped with multiple first shift forks 718, and first shift fork 718 is at least part of to stretch into horizontal fence 711.Dial In the gap of the structures such as fork insertion rod-like element, weeds are taken out of.Clear miscellaneous disk 714 also can cleaning part debris.

Vertical cleaning portion 720 includes side panel 721,722 and one vertical fence 723 of roller bearing, the second motor 724, transmission belt 725 and multiple driver plates 726.Side panel 721 is installed on body 100, the opposition arrangement of side panel 721.The outside of side panel 721 Equipped with multiple second shift forks 727, second shift fork 727 is at least part of to stretch into vertical fence 723.Vertical fence 723 is by successively Arc lower fence group 751, vertical fence group 752 and the upper arc fence group 753 of connection are formed.Vertical fence 723 and side The composition of plate 721 one vertically clears up passage 740, and the both ends of roller bearing 722 are installed in rotation on the inner side of two side panels 721.The Outside two motors, 724 affixed side panel 721, the second motor 724 drives at least one roller bearing 722.Transmission belt 725 is sleeved on roller bearing On 722, driver plate 726 is installed on the transmission belt 725.Driver plate 726 is by gusseted portion 754, recesses portion 755 and forked Extension 756 forms, and gusseted portion 754 is fixed on a moving belt, and forked extension 756 stretches into vertical fence 723.Driver plate 726 drive beets 900 move in the vertical cleaning passage 740.Vertical fence 723 can also be by spaced rod piece group Into.Driver plate 726 is stretched into gap, helps clean up the debris for being partly adhered to 900 stem tuber of beet.In use, beet 900, stem Leaf etc. enters horizontal cleaning passage 730 in the case where tracking down and recovering the promotion of mechanism 600, and clear miscellaneous disk 714 drives beet 900 to be moved to outlet Place.Part cauline leaf is dropped by rod piece gap, and part cauline leaf is tangled by shift fork.Small part cauline leaf enters vertical cleaning with beet 900 Passage 740.Vertical cleaning portion 720 further clears up debris, improves 900 clean level of beet.

Collecting mechanism 800 includes outline border 810, cylinder 820 and containing box 830.The cylinder 820 is hinged on outline border 810 On, the output shaft of the cylinder 820 is hinged on the outside of containing box 830.Cylinder 820 is overturn, and realizes 900 consolidated shipment of beet. Outline border 810 is generally L-shaped, it is made of more cross bars 811, one horizontal component of composition of cross bar 811 of at least two, at least two Cross bar 811 form a vertical portion.The top of containing box 830 is hinged in the vertical portion, which includes at least The vertical 832 and one oblique side plate 833 of side plate of bottom plate 831, three.The bottom plate 831, vertical side plate 832 and oblique side plate 833 form One accommodating area 834.Vertical side plate 832 and/or oblique side plate 833 are made of multiple truss.At least one vertical side plate 832 has There is feeding port 835, which is located at the top of the first slide plate 840 and the second slide plate 850.Containing box 830 further includes first Slide plate 840, the second slide plate 850 and elastic component 860.First slide plate 840 is prolonged by orthogonal first extension 841 and second Extending portion 842 forms, which is slidably mounted in the madial wall of vertical side plate 832, second extension 842 With a guide groove 843.Second slide plate 850 is made of mutual obtuse-angulate 3rd extension 851 and the 4th extension 852, this Three extensions 851 are leaned against on oblique side plate 833, and the 4th extension 852 is slidably inserted into guide groove 843.Elastic component 860 （Spring）One end be installed on guide groove 843 in, the other end withstands on the side wall of the 4th extension 852.Cleaning mechanism 700 is connected to Feeding port 835, beet 900 enter accommodating area 834 via vertical cleaning portion 720 and feeding port 835.Spring supports in a free state The first slide plate 840 and the second slide plate 850 are opened, the first slide plate 840 and the second slide plate 850 are slided along containing box 830, improve bottom The height of supporting surface.When beet 900 is fallen on the first slide plate 840 and the second slide plate 850, slide plate slide downward is simultaneously shunk, with Weight increase, slide plate height gradually reduces.Although slide plate height reduction, as beet 900 increases, beet 900 falls Highly without actual increase, answer beet 900 drop caused by damage be also minimized.In the present embodiment, bottom plate 831 and oblique The angle of side plate 833 is equal with the angle of the 3rd extension 851 and the 4th extension 852, and during slide plate slides, extension begins It is relatively low close to side skid, frictional resistance eventually.It is contemplated that the second extension 842 can be used with the 4th extension 852 it is smooth Rod piece be made.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on, should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of cutter guidance set, including stent, drawing mechanism, guiding mechanism and connecting rod, the drawing mechanism includes axis Portion, casing, the first draw sword, second draw sword, on the bracket, described sleeve pipe is sleeved on the axle portion for the axle portion installation Outside, the first, which draws sword to draw sword with second, is installed in the lower section of described sleeve pipe, the guiding mechanism include positioning seat, Swing arm, at least two spring lever, the positioning seat are installed on the bracket, and the swing arm is through an articulated shaft in the positioning seat On, the spring lever is fixed on the lower section of the swing arm, and one first spherical hinge of middle part of the connecting rod is installed on the stent On, one second spherical hinge of one end of the connecting rod is connected to described sleeve pipe, and the 3rd spherical hinge of one end 1 of the connecting rod connects It is connected to the upper end of the swing arm.

2. cutter guidance set according to claim 1, it is characterised in that first spherical hinge and second flexural pivot The distance of chain is D1, and the distance of first spherical hinge and the 3rd spherical hinge is D2, the 3rd spherical hinge and the hinge The distance of spindle is D3, and the articulated shaft spherical hinge and the distance of the spring lever end are D4, D1：D2 =D4： D3.

3. cutter guidance set according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the spring lever has a torsional part and guiding Portion, the guide portion are close to the middle part of swing arm.

4. cutter guidance set according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first is drawn sword and second composition of drawing sword One acute angle.

5. cutter guidance set according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the stent includes a swing span, the swing Frame is connected to the positioning seat through two support chips, which has a location division, and the positioning seat has a guide post, this is led Column passes through the location division, and a thrust spring is sleeved on the outside of the guide post, and one end of the thrust spring is withstood on the guide post, separately One end is withstood on the location division.

6. cutter guidance set according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the positioning seat equipped with least two it is red Outer receiver, the swing arm are equipped with least one infrared transmitter.

7. a kind of beet harvester, including the cutter guidance set as described in claim 1 to 6 any one, it is characterised in that Further include stent, collecting mechanism, cleaning mechanism, track down and recover mechanism, preceding threshing machine structure, impurity-removing mechanism, feeler mechanism, drawing mechanism with And guiding mechanism.