CN111448883A - Potato grading harvester - Google Patents

Potato grading harvester Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111448883A
CN111448883A CN202010351621.XA CN202010351621A CN111448883A CN 111448883 A CN111448883 A CN 111448883A CN 202010351621 A CN202010351621 A CN 202010351621A CN 111448883 A CN111448883 A CN 111448883A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
conveying
separating device
wheel shaft
driving wheel
conveyor belt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202010351621.XA
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李卫
刘兴
李志星
杨珍
李文钊
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Northwest A&F University
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Northwest A&F University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Northwest A&F University filed Critical Northwest A&F University
Priority to CN202010351621.XA priority Critical patent/CN111448883A/en
Publication of CN111448883A publication Critical patent/CN111448883A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D17/00Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D33/00Accessories for digging harvesters
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D33/00Accessories for digging harvesters
    • A01D33/08Special sorting and cleaning mechanisms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D33/00Accessories for digging harvesters
    • A01D33/10Crop collecting devices, with or without weighing apparatus
    • A01D33/105Devices for gathering the crop in a row
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D33/00Accessories for digging harvesters
    • A01D33/12Driving mechanisms, with or without motor

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Root Crops (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a potato grading harvester, wherein soil and potatoes are dug and shoveled to enter a first conveying and separating device to separate the soil from the potatoes, and the potatoes are continuously conveyed backwards to enter a second conveying and separating device. The potato grading harvester disclosed by the invention can well solve the problems of digging and grading of potatoes and can greatly reduce the labor intensity.

Description

Potato grading harvester
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of potato harvesters, in particular to a potato grading harvester.
Background
China is a big potato producing country. Although the potato planting area and the potato yield are large in China, the existing potato harvester can only harvest the potatoes, cannot classify the sizes of the potatoes, needs manual picking and classification, and greatly increases the labor intensity.
Therefore, how to provide a potato harvester which reduces the labor intensity of workers is a problem which needs to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a potato grading harvester which can well solve the problems of digging and grading of potatoes and greatly reduce the labor intensity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a potato grading harvester, comprising: the device comprises a rack, a digging shovel, a first conveying and separating device, a second conveying and separating device, a guide plate, a large collecting box, a small collecting box and a transmission system;
the digging shovel is arranged at the front end of the frame;
the first conveying and separating device and the second conveying and separating device are both arranged on the rack and are sequentially positioned at the rear end of the digging shovel; the first conveying and separating device and the second conveying and separating device are driven by the transmission system; gaps are formed in the first conveying and separating device and the second conveying and separating device, and the gaps in the first conveying and separating device are smaller than the gaps in the second conveying and separating device;
the guide plate is arranged on the rack and is positioned inside the second conveying and separating device, and a gap on the guide plate is smaller than a gap on the second conveying and separating device and smaller than a gap on the first conveying and separating device; the small collecting boxes are arranged on two sides of the guide plate and are used for collecting potatoes rolled off the guide plate;
the large collecting box is arranged at the rear end of the second conveying and separating device.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: a hanger and a gearbox;
the suspension bracket is arranged on the frame;
the gear box is installed on the suspension bracket and connected with the transmission system.
Preferably, the guide plate is of an arch structure with a high middle part and two low ends.
Preferably, the first conveying and separating device comprises: the front driving wheel shaft, the front driving wheel, the large chain wheel, the first conveying belt and the front carrier belt wheel shaft; wherein the first conveyor belt has a gap;
the front driving wheel is arranged on the front driving wheel shaft; the front driving wheel shaft is arranged on the frame;
two ends of the front driving wheel shaft are provided with large chain wheels; the large chain wheel at one end is connected with the power output end of the gear box through a transmission belt, and the large chain wheel at the other end is connected with the second conveying and separating device through the transmission belt;
the front driving wheel shaft and the front supporting belt wheel shaft are connected through a first conveyor belt, wherein the front supporting belt wheel shaft is installed on the rack.
Preferably, the second conveying and separating device includes: the rear driving wheel shaft, the rear driving wheel, the small chain wheel, the second conveyor belt and the rear supporting belt wheel shaft; the second conveyor belt is provided with a gap, and the gap on the second conveyor belt is larger than the gap on the first conveyor belt;
the rear driving wheel is arranged on the rear driving wheel shaft; the rear driving wheel shaft is arranged on the rack;
a small chain wheel is arranged on the rear driving wheel shaft; the small chain wheel is connected with the large chain wheel through a transmission belt;
the rear driving wheel shaft is connected with the rear supporting belt wheel shaft through a second conveying belt, wherein the rear supporting belt wheel shaft is arranged on the rack.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: the wheels are mounted at the bottom of the frame.
Preferably, the potato grading harvester is mounted on the agricultural machine through a three-point suspension device.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention discloses the potato grading harvester, soil and potatoes are dug and shoveled to enter the first conveying and separating device, the soil and the potatoes are separated, the potatoes are continuously conveyed backwards to enter the second conveying and separating device, and as the gap of the second conveying and separating device is large, the small potatoes can leak from the gap and enter the small collecting boxes on the two sides of the rack through the guide plates, and the rest potatoes continuously move backwards to enter the large collecting box. The potato grading harvester disclosed by the invention can well solve the problems of digging and grading of potatoes and can greatly reduce the labor intensity.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the whole structure of a potato grading harvester provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first conveying and separating device and a second conveying and separating device provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a guide plate provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a guide plate and a second conveying and separating device provided by the invention.
Wherein, 1, digging a shovel; 2, a suspension bracket; 3, a gear box; 4 a first conveying and separating device; 5, a frame; 6, a small collecting box; 7, a large collecting box; 8, a second conveying and separating device; 9, a guide plate; 10. a transmission system; 11 wheels; 12 rear idler shaft; 13 rear drive wheel axle; 14 rear drive wheels; 15 small chain wheels; 16 a second conveyor belt; 17 a front drive axle; 18 front drive wheels; 19 large chain wheel; 20 a first conveyor belt; 21 forward carrying the wheel axle.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to the attached figure 1, the embodiment of the invention discloses a potato grading harvester, which comprises: the device comprises a rack 5, a digging shovel 1, a first conveying and separating device 4, a second conveying and separating device 8, a guide plate 9, a large collecting box 7, a small collecting box 6 and a transmission system 10;
the digging shovel 1 is arranged at the front end of the frame 5 and mainly used for digging potatoes in soil;
the first conveying and separating device 4 and the second conveying and separating device 8 are both arranged on the frame 5 and are sequentially positioned at the rear end of the digging shovel 1; the first conveying and separating device 4 and the second conveying and separating device 8 are driven by a transmission system 10; gaps are formed in the first conveying and separating device 4 and the second conveying and separating device 8, and the gaps in the first conveying and separating device 4 are smaller than the gaps in the second conveying and separating device 8;
the guide plate 9 is arranged on the frame 5 and is positioned inside the second conveying and separating device 8, and the gap on the guide plate 9 is smaller than the gap on the second conveying and separating device 8 and smaller than the gap on the first conveying and separating device 4; the small collecting boxes 6 are arranged at two sides of the guide plate 9 and are used for collecting potatoes rolled off the guide plate 9; the guide plates 9 are used for guiding the potatoes leaking from the gaps of the second conveying and separating device 8 out of the left side and the right side of the rack 5 and into the small collecting boxes 6 on the two sides.
The large collecting box 7 is arranged at the rear end of the second conveying and separating device 8.
According to the potato grading harvester provided by the invention, soil and potatoes are dug and shoveled and enter the first conveying and separating device to separate the soil from the potatoes, and the potatoes are continuously conveyed backwards to enter the second conveying and separating device. The potato grading harvester disclosed by the invention can well solve the problems of digging and grading of potatoes and can greatly reduce the labor intensity.
Referring to fig. 1, in order to further optimize the above technical solution, in an embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes: a suspension bracket 2 and a gear box 3;
the suspension bracket 2 is arranged on the frame 5;
the gearbox 3 is mounted on the suspension frame 2 and the gearbox 3 is connected to the transmission system 10.
The suspension bracket 2 is arranged at the upper part of the front end of the frame 5 and mainly plays a role in drawing the frame 5.
Preferably, the guide plate 9 is of an arch structure with a high middle part and two low ends.
The guide plate 9 is arranged to be of an arch structure, so that the leaked small potatoes can roll down to the small collecting boxes 6 on the two sides along the inclined surface of the guide plate under the action of gravity.
Referring to fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a specific structural composition of the first conveying and separating device and the second conveying and separating device, specifically, the first conveying and separating device 4 includes: a front drive wheel shaft 17, a front drive wheel 18, a large chain wheel 19, a first conveyor belt 20 and a front carrier wheel shaft 21; wherein, the first conveyor belt 20 has a gap;
the front driving wheel 18 is arranged on the front driving wheel shaft 17; the front driving wheel shaft 17 is arranged on the frame 5;
two ends of the front driving wheel shaft 17 are provided with a big chain wheel 19; wherein, the large chain wheel 19 at one end is connected with the power output end of the gear box 3 through a transmission belt, and the large chain wheel 19 at the other end is connected with the second conveying and separating device 8 through the transmission belt;
the front drive wheel shaft 17 and the front idler wheel shaft 21 are connected by a first conveyor belt 20, wherein the front idler wheel shaft 21 is mounted on the frame 5.
Specifically, the front carrier belt wheel shaft 21 is arranged below the front end of the frame 5, has a certain guiding function on the first conveyor belt 20, and can prevent the potato soil separating screen from deviating and interfering with a side plate of the frame; the front driving wheel shaft 17 is arranged above the middle end of the frame 5 and plays a role in driving the first conveyor belt 20; the front driving wheel 18 is arranged on the front driving wheel shaft 17, is positioned in the middle of the inner side of the frame 5 and is used for driving the first conveyor belt 20; the big chain wheel 19 is arranged on the front driving wheel shaft 17 and positioned outside the frame 5 to play the roles of driving and transmitting power.
The first conveying and separating device is used for separating the soil from the potatoes, and conveying the potatoes backwards to enter the second conveying and separating device.
In order to further optimize the above solution, the second conveying and separating device 8 comprises: a rear driving wheel shaft 13, a rear driving wheel 14, a small chain wheel 15, a second conveyor belt 16 and a rear supporting belt wheel shaft 12; wherein, the second conveyor belt 16 has a gap, and the gap on the second conveyor belt 16 is larger than the gap on the first conveyor belt 20;
the rear driving wheel 14 is arranged on the rear driving wheel shaft 13; the rear driving wheel shaft 13 is arranged on the frame 5;
a small chain wheel 15 is arranged on the rear driving wheel shaft 13; the small chain wheel 15 is connected with the large chain wheel 19 through a transmission belt;
the rear drive wheel shaft 13 and the rear idler wheel shaft 12 are connected by a second conveyor belt 16, wherein the rear idler wheel shaft 12 is mounted on the frame 5.
The plurality of rear supporting belt wheel shafts 12 are respectively arranged above the front end, below the front end and below the rear end of the second conveying belt 16, have a certain guiding function on the second conveying belt 16, and can prevent the deviation of the second conveying and separating device 8 from interfering with a side plate of the rack 5; the rear driving wheel shaft 13 is arranged at the rear end of the frame 5 and above the rear end of the second conveyor belt 16, and drives the second conveyor belt 16; the rear driving wheel 14 is arranged on the rear driving wheel shaft 13 and is positioned in the middle of the inner side of the frame 5 and used for driving the second conveyor belt 16; the small chain wheel 15 is arranged on the rear driving wheel shaft 13 and is positioned outside the frame 5 for driving.
The second conveying and separating device is large in gap, small potatoes leak from the gap, enter the small collecting boxes on the two sides through the guide plate, and other large potatoes continue to move backwards and enter the large collecting box, so that automatic grading of the potatoes is achieved, and labor intensity is reduced.
In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the method further comprises: and the wheels 11 are arranged at the bottom of the frame 5.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the potato grading harvester is arranged on the agricultural machine through a three-point suspension device.
It should be noted here that in the field of agricultural machines, the mounting of the equipment on the agricultural machine by means of a three-point suspension is a common way, for example: the potato grading harvester can be installed on a tractor through a three-point suspension device, so that harvesting and grading of potatoes are achieved. In addition, the structure of the three-point suspension device is not the focus of the discussion in the present application, and the three-point suspension device can be implemented by using the existing three-point suspension device, which is not limited herein.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (7)

1. A potato grading harvester, comprising: the device comprises a rack (5), a digging shovel (1), a first conveying and separating device (4), a second conveying and separating device (8), a guide plate (9), a large collecting box (7), a small collecting box (6) and a transmission system (10);
the digging shovel (1) is arranged at the front end of the frame (5);
the first conveying and separating device (4) and the second conveying and separating device (8) are both arranged on the rack (5) and are sequentially positioned at the rear end of the digging shovel (1); the first conveying and separating device (4) and the second conveying and separating device (8) are in transmission through the transmission system (10); the first conveying and separating device (4) and the second conveying and separating device (8) are provided with gaps, and the gaps on the first conveying and separating device (4) are smaller than the gaps on the second conveying and separating device (8);
the guide plate (9) is installed on the rack (5) and is positioned inside the second conveying and separating device (8), and the gap on the guide plate (9) is smaller than the gap on the second conveying and separating device (8) and smaller than the gap on the first conveying and separating device (4); the small collecting boxes (6) are arranged on two sides of the guide plate (9) and are used for collecting potatoes rolled off the guide plate (9);
the large collecting box (7) is arranged at the rear end of the second conveying and separating device (8).
2. The potato classifying harvester of claim 1, further comprising: a suspension bracket (2) and a gear box (3);
the suspension bracket (2) is arranged on the frame (5);
the gearbox (3) is installed on the suspension bracket (2), and the gearbox (3) is connected with the transmission system (10).
3. A potato grading harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide plate (9) is of an arched configuration with a high middle and low ends.
4. A potato classifying harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the first conveying and separating device (4) comprises: a front driving wheel shaft (17), a front driving wheel (18), a large chain wheel (19), a first conveyor belt (20) and a front carrier wheel shaft (21); wherein the first conveyor belt (20) has a gap thereon;
the front driving wheel (18) is arranged on the front driving wheel shaft (17); the front driving wheel shaft (17) is arranged on the frame (5);
two ends of the front driving wheel shaft (17) are provided with a large chain wheel (19); the large chain wheel (19) at one end is connected with the power output end of the gear box (3) through a transmission belt, and the large chain wheel (19) at the other end is connected with the second conveying and separating device (8) through the transmission belt;
the front driving wheel shaft (17) is connected with the front supporting wheel shaft (21) through a first conveyor belt (20), wherein the front supporting wheel shaft (21) is installed on the rack (5).
5. A potato classifying harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that the second conveying and separating device (8) comprises: a rear driving wheel shaft (13), a rear driving wheel (14), a small chain wheel (15), a second conveyor belt (16) and a rear supporting belt wheel shaft (12); wherein the second conveyor belt (16) has a gap, and the gap on the second conveyor belt (16) is larger than the gap on the first conveyor belt (20);
the rear driving wheel (14) is arranged on the rear driving wheel shaft (13); the rear driving wheel shaft (13) is arranged on the frame (5);
a small chain wheel (15) is arranged on the rear driving wheel shaft (13); the small chain wheel (15) is connected with the large chain wheel (19) through a transmission belt;
the rear driving wheel shaft (13) is connected with the rear supporting belt wheel shaft (12) through a second conveyor belt (16), wherein the rear supporting belt wheel shaft (12) is installed on the rack (5).
6. A potato grading harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising: the wheels (11), the wheels (11) are installed at the bottom of the frame (5).
7. A potato grading harvester according to claim 6, wherein the potato grading harvester is mounted on an agricultural machine by means of a three point suspension.
CN202010351621.XA 2020-04-28 2020-04-28 Potato grading harvester Pending CN111448883A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010351621.XA CN111448883A (en) 2020-04-28 2020-04-28 Potato grading harvester

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010351621.XA CN111448883A (en) 2020-04-28 2020-04-28 Potato grading harvester

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CN111448883A true CN111448883A (en) 2020-07-28

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CN202010351621.XA Pending CN111448883A (en) 2020-04-28 2020-04-28 Potato grading harvester

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112020980A (en) * 2020-09-17 2020-12-04 萧县禾盛种业有限公司 Sweet potato harvester desilting device with classification function
CN112703878A (en) * 2020-12-24 2021-04-27 金杨 Potato picking and grading combined harvester

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0657116U (en) * 1993-01-19 1994-08-09 株式会社クボタ Mining harvester
CN204523462U (en) * 2015-01-20 2015-08-05 白文瑞 A kind of potato cleaning plant
CN107347354A (en) * 2017-09-04 2017-11-17 新乡地隆药业机械有限公司 Self-propelled little particle root crop combined harvester
CN110663344A (en) * 2019-11-11 2020-01-10 青岛农业大学 Small-size potato combine
CN212413839U (en) * 2020-04-28 2021-01-29 西北农林科技大学 Potato grading harvester

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0657116U (en) * 1993-01-19 1994-08-09 株式会社クボタ Mining harvester
CN204523462U (en) * 2015-01-20 2015-08-05 白文瑞 A kind of potato cleaning plant
CN107347354A (en) * 2017-09-04 2017-11-17 新乡地隆药业机械有限公司 Self-propelled little particle root crop combined harvester
CN110663344A (en) * 2019-11-11 2020-01-10 青岛农业大学 Small-size potato combine
CN212413839U (en) * 2020-04-28 2021-01-29 西北农林科技大学 Potato grading harvester

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112020980A (en) * 2020-09-17 2020-12-04 萧县禾盛种业有限公司 Sweet potato harvester desilting device with classification function
CN112020980B (en) * 2020-09-17 2021-11-23 萧县禾盛种业有限公司 Sweet potato harvester desilting device with classification function
CN112703878A (en) * 2020-12-24 2021-04-27 金杨 Potato picking and grading combined harvester

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