CN107750506A - A kind of tobacco field soil improvement method for effectively improving quality of tobacco - Google Patents
A kind of tobacco field soil improvement method for effectively improving quality of tobacco Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tobacco field soil improvement method for effectively improving quality of tobacco, described tobacco field soil improvement method comprises the following steps：1）Constituency；2）Select vega；3）Ridging beats the pool；4）Base fertilizer is applied；5）Farm manure mixes the pool；6）Top dressing is applied.The present invention mixes the pool by farm manure and handles vega soil, obtained tobacco leaf chemical composition is more coordinated, tobacco leaf score of smokeing panel test is up to more than 82.5, aroma quality is more prominent, and concentration is higher, and strength is bigger, a kind of effective means that can be improved as clayed soil, total dose of soil after present invention improvement simultaneously is the 90% of conventional fertilizer application amount, effectively reduces dose, reduces cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tobacco cultivation technical field, and in particular to a kind of vega soil improvement for effectively improving quality of tobacco
Method.
Background technology
Compared with external high-quality cigarette district, Yunnan tobacco growing soils generally existing quality viscous, bigger than normal, the permeability deviation of unit weight etc. partially are asked
Topic, restrict flue-cured tobacco root system development and field is resistance to nourishs one's nature.Therefore the selection to vega and being modified to carry to vega soil
The key factor of high quality of tobacco, existing production technology fails to solve the problems, such as to plant sound tobacco in clayed soil very well, first
In plot selection before this, should try one's best the loose field of the selection soil texture, and the soil weight is in 1.0~1.2g/cm3In the range of, have
Formed beneficial to tobacco growth and quality of tobacco, but the tobacco-growing soil unit weight in Yunnan tobacco production at present is higher, and unit weight is 1.3
g/cm3Soil above is more, limits the normal development of flue-cured tobacco；Next is a lack of the side of more effective improved soil viscosity
Method, current produce mix the modifying agents such as sand, addition zeolite using soil moved in improve the original, change the permeability of soil, but these technologies are by raw material
Limitation, it is difficult to be widely applied；Applications of farmyard manure is a major measure of improved soil viscosity, but deposits in actual applications
In problems, for example how preparing farm manure, using how much properly, chemical fertilizer how with applying, it is improper that apply by farm manure,
Tobacco plant nutrition can be caused bad, using excessive, later stage mineralising is more, sufficient for nitrogen, causes tobacco leaf remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe late-maturing, and administration is very few,
The effect of improved soil is not had.It is therefore desirable to develop a kind of Rational Application farm manure, tobacco-growing soil is improved, improves tobacco leaf product
The tobacco field soil improvement method of matter.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of tobacco field soil improvement method for effectively improving quality of tobacco.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, comprises the following steps：
1）Constituency：Select 1000~2000m of height above sea level, late September temperature on average>18.0 DEG C, late September sunshine time>40h area
Domain, for further selecting vega；
2）Select vega：Select medium fertility, the partially viscous field of the soil texture；
3）Ridging beats the pool：Deep plough 28 ~ 32cm, ridging, 18 ~ 22cm of ridge face width, the high 28 ~ 32cm in ridge, every 45 ~ 55cm on the face of ridge
Beat the pool, the pool deep 14 ~ 16cm, the pool 33 ~ 37cm of diameter；
4）Base fertilizer is applied：Spread manuer in holes composite fertilizer, using 55% ~ 65% that pure nitrogen level is total amount of nitrogen, every mu is applied calcium magnesium phosphate 24 ~ 26
Kg, mixed with soil around, be laid on pool bottom；
5）Farm manure mixes the pool：0.5 ~ 0.8Kg of farm manure is taken, is put into the pool, is mixed thoroughly farm manure and surrounding soil with transplanting instrument,
The pool bottom for applying base fertilizer is not disturbed；
6）Top dressing is applied：Every mu of 6 ~ 8d, which is watered to pour, after transplanting applies potassium nitrate, and amount of nitrogen is the 5 ~ 15% of total amount of nitrogen；33 after transplanting ~
37d, Huan Shi composite fertilizer, amount of nitrogen is the 25 ~ 35% of total amount of nitrogen, while carries out cultivation and banking, and ridge is up to 33 ~ 37 cm.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, the present invention mixes the pool by farm manure and handles vega soil, and obtained tobacco leaf chemical composition is more coordinated, and tobacco leaf is smoked panel test
It is divided into 82.5, aroma quality is more prominent, and concentration is higher, and strength is bigger, a kind of effective means that can be improved as clayed soil, together
When the present invention improvement after soil total dose be conventional fertilizer application amount 90%, effectively reduce dose, reduce cost.
2nd, the present invention solve thes problems, such as that existing tobacco-growing soil has that quality is partially glutinous, unit weight is bigger than normal, permeability deviation,
Improve 0-20 cm mass water content of soil, and the tobacco obtained after improveing effective blade number, leaf-area coefficient, stem girth,
In terms of the economical characters such as biomass and yield, the output value, average price, better-than-average cigarette ratio, hence it is evident that better than prior art.
3rd, the present invention uses discarded object such as pig manure and maize straw in agricultural production etc. to prepare organic fertilizer, and not only raw material comes
Source is extensive, and cost is low, and it is immense pressure caused by environment to efficiently solve existing crop straw burning pig manure and arbitrarily discharge, real
The circulation development pattern of environmental protection and economy is showed, has turned waste into wealth.
4th, the present invention mixes the dosage on the pool according to the situation adjustment organic fertilizer of the physicochemical character of soil so that dose science is closed
Reason, while soil texture is effectively improved, the soil weight is reduced, improves the water-holding capacity of soil.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but the present invention is not any limitation as in any way,
Based on present invention teach that any conversion or replacement made, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The tobacco field soil improvement method of the present invention for effectively improving quality of tobacco, comprises the following steps：
1）Constituency：Select 1000~2000m of height above sea level, late September temperature on average>18.0 DEG C, late September sunshine time>40h area
Domain, for further selecting vega；
2）Select vega：Select medium fertility, the partially viscous field of the soil texture；
3）Ridging beats the pool：Deep plough 28 ~ 32cm, ridging, 18 ~ 22cm of ridge face width, the high 28 ~ 32cm in ridge, every 45 ~ 55cm on the face of ridge
Beat the pool, the pool deep 14 ~ 16cm, the pool 33 ~ 37cm of diameter；
4）Base fertilizer is applied：Spread manuer in holes composite fertilizer, using 55% ~ 65% that pure nitrogen level is total amount of nitrogen, every mu is applied calcium magnesium phosphate 24 ~ 26
Kg, mixed with soil around, be laid on pool bottom；
5）Farm manure mixes the pool：0.5 ~ 0.8Kg of farm manure is taken, is put into the pool, is mixed thoroughly farm manure and surrounding soil with transplanting instrument,
The pool bottom for applying base fertilizer is not disturbed；
6）Top dressing is applied：Every mu of 6 ~ 8d, which is watered to pour, after transplanting applies potassium nitrate, and amount of nitrogen is the 5 ~ 15% of total amount of nitrogen；33 after transplanting ~
37d, Huan Shi composite fertilizer, amount of nitrogen is the 25 ~ 35% of total amount of nitrogen, while carries out cultivation and banking, and ridge is up to 33 ~ 37 cm.
Step（2）Described in soil pH 5.0~7.0, chlorion<30mg/Kg, 20~35mg/Kg of organic matter, hydrolyzable nitrogen
100~200mg/Kg, available phosphorus>10mg/Kg, available potassium>100mg/Kg.
When the described soil organism is 30~35 mg/Kg, it is 0.5 Kg that described farm manure, which mixes pool amount,.
Step（2）Described in the soil texture glue partially for 1.3~1.6g/cm of the soil weight3。
The N ︰ P of described composite fertilizer2O5︰ K2O=1：（1~1.5）：（2~3）.
Step（5）Described in the preparation method of farm manure be：Fresh pig manure and maize straw are pressed into fresh weight 5 ~ 7:1 ratio
Example mixing, adds water to make compost organic materials water content 55 ~ 65%, adds organic fertilizer leavening, addition for gross weight 0.5 ~
1.5%, then by ready material turning 3-4 times, fully mix, coning pile heap, outer layer are covered with plastic sheeting progress to heap
Water conservation is incubated, after 60 DEG C of pile heap Nei Wenduda, carries out first time turning, afterwards every turning in 7-10 days once, stacking hair
The ferment time is more than 30 days, and it is standby to transport to field after drying.
Described maize straw is the maize straw that chopping is 2 ~ 4cm to segment length.
Described base fertilizer is spreaded manuer in holes composite fertilizer in applying, using 60% that pure nitrogen level is total amount of nitrogen；During described top dressing is applied
Every mu of 6 ~ 8d, which is watered to pour, after transplanting applies potassium nitrate, and amount of nitrogen is the 10% of total amount of nitrogen；33 ~ 37d after transplanting, Huan Shi composite fertilizer, apply
Nitrogen quantity is the 30% of total amount of nitrogen.
Embodiment 1
A kind of tobacco field soil improvement method for effectively improving quality of tobacco, comprises the following steps：
1）Constituency：Select 1800 ~ 1900m of height above sea level, 19.0 DEG C of late September temperature on average, late September sunshine time 45h region；
2）Select vega：Select step（1）Soil pH 6.0, chlorion in selected region<30mg/Kg, organic matter 20mg/Kg,
Hydrolyzable nitrogen 100mg/Kg, available phosphorus>10mg/Kg, available potassium>100mg/Kg, soil is partially viscous, unit weight 1.4g/cm3Plot conduct
Vega；
3）Ridging beats the pool：Deep ploughed 30cm, ridging, ridge face width 20cm, the high 30cm in ridge, and the pool is beaten every 50cm on the face of ridge, and the pool is deep
15cm, pool diameter 35cm.
4）Base fertilizer is applied：Spread manuer in holes composite fertilizer, using 60%, the N ︰ P that pure nitrogen level is total amount of nitrogen2O5︰ K2O=1：（1~1.5）：
（2~3）, every mu is applied the kg of calcium magnesium phosphate 25, is mixed with soil around, is laid on pool bottom.
5）Farm manure mixes the pool：Farm manure 0.8Kg is taken, is put into the pool, is mixed thoroughly farm manure and surrounding soil with transplanting instrument,
The pool bottom for applying base fertilizer is not disturbed；
Described farm manure is by fresh weight 6 by fresh pig manure and maize straw (being chopped into 2cm length):1 ratio mixing, adds water to make
Compost organic materials water content adds a small amount of organic fertilizer fermentation agent 60% or so, and addition is the 1% of gross weight, will be ready to
Material turning 3 times, fully mix, heap coning pile heap, outer layer is covered with plastic sheeting and plays insulation water conservation, in temperature
Up to after 60 DEG C, first time turning is carried out, afterwards every turning in 7 days once, stacking fermentation time is more than 30 days, is transported after drying
It is standby to field；
6）Top dressing is applied：Every mu of 7d, which is watered to pour, after transplanting applies potassium nitrate, and amount of nitrogen is the 10% of total amount of nitrogen,；35 d after transplanting,
Huan Shi composite fertilizers, amount of nitrogen is the 30% of total amount of nitrogen, while carries out cultivation and banking, and ridge is up to 35 cm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of tobacco field soil improvement method for effectively improving quality of tobacco, comprises the following steps：
1）Constituency：Select height above sea level 2000m, 20 DEG C of late September temperature on average, late September sunshine time 50h region；
2）Select vega：Select medium fertility, the partially viscous field of the soil texture, described soil pH 5.0, chlorion<30mg/
Kg, organic matter 35mg/Kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen 200mg/Kg, available phosphorus>10mg/Kg, available potassium>100mg/Kg；The described soil weight
1.6g/cm3；
3）Ridging beats the pool：Deep ploughed 32cm, ridging, ridge face width 22cm, the high 32cm in ridge, and the pool is beaten every 55cm on the face of ridge, and the pool is deep
16cm, pool diameter 37cm；
4）Base fertilizer is applied：Spread manuer in holes composite fertilizer, using 65% that pure nitrogen level is total amount of nitrogen, every mu is applied the kg of calcium magnesium phosphate 26, with week
Native mixing is enclosed, is laid on pool bottom；
5）Farm manure mixes the pool：Farm manure 0.5Kg is taken, is put into the pool, is mixed thoroughly farm manure and surrounding soil with transplanting instrument, should not
The pool bottom of base fertilizer is applied in disturbance；
The preparation method of described farm manure is：By fresh pig manure and maize straw（Segment length is 4cm）By fresh weight 7:1 ratio is mixed
Close, add water to make compost organic materials water content 65%, add organic fertilizer leavening, addition is the 1.5% of gross weight, then will
Ready material turning 4 times, fully mix, heap coning pile heap, outer layer is covered with plastic sheeting and carries out insulation water conservation, in pile
After 60 DEG C of heap Nei Wenduda, carry out first time turning, afterwards every turning in 10 days once, stacking fermentation time be 30 days with
On, it is standby to transport to field after drying；
6）Top dressing is applied：Every mu of 8d, which is watered to pour, after transplanting applies potassium nitrate, and amount of nitrogen is the 10% of total amount of nitrogen；37d after transplanting, ring
Composite fertilizer is applied, amount of nitrogen is the 25% of total amount of nitrogen, while carries out cultivation and banking, and ridge is up to 37 cm.Described composite fertilizer
N ︰ P2O5︰ K2O=1：1：2.
Embodiment 3
A kind of tobacco field soil improvement method for effectively improving quality of tobacco, comprises the following steps：
1）Constituency：Select height above sea level 1000m, 19.5 DEG C of late September temperature on average, late September sunshine time 48h region；
2）Select vega：Select medium fertility, the partially viscous field of the soil texture, described soil pH 7.0, chlorion<30mg/
Kg, organic matter 25mg/Kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen 150mg/Kg, available phosphorus>10mg/Kg, available potassium>100mg/Kg；The described soil weight
1.3g/cm3；
3）Ridging beats the pool：Deep ploughed 28cm, ridging, ridge face width 18cm, the high 28cm in ridge, and the pool is beaten every 45cm on the face of ridge, and the pool is deep
14cm, pool diameter 33cm；
4）Base fertilizer is applied：Spread manuer in holes composite fertilizer, using 55% that pure nitrogen level is total amount of nitrogen, every mu is applied the kg of calcium magnesium phosphate 24, with week
Native mixing is enclosed, is laid on pool bottom；
5）Farm manure mixes the pool：Farm manure 0.6Kg is taken, is put into the pool, is mixed thoroughly farm manure and surrounding soil with transplanting instrument, should not
The pool bottom of base fertilizer is applied in disturbance；
The preparation method of described farm manure is：By fresh pig manure and maize straw（Segment length is 3cm）By fresh weight 5:1 ratio is mixed
Close, add water to make compost organic materials water content 55%, add organic fertilizer leavening, addition is the 0.5% of gross weight, then will
Ready material turning 3 times, fully mix, heap coning pile heap, outer layer is covered with plastic sheeting and carries out insulation water conservation, in pile
After 60 DEG C of heap Nei Wenduda, first time turning is carried out, afterwards every turning in 8 days once, stacking fermentation time is more than 30 days,
It is standby that field is transported to after drying.
6）Top dressing is applied：Every mu of 7d, which is watered to pour, after transplanting applies potassium nitrate, and amount of nitrogen is the 15% of total amount of nitrogen；33 after transplanting ~
37d, Huan Shi composite fertilizer, amount of nitrogen is the 30% of total amount of nitrogen, while carries out cultivation and banking, and ridge is up to 33 ~ 37 cm.Described
The N ︰ P of composite fertilizer2O5︰ K2O=1： 1.5：3.
Test example 1 --- influence of the different soils ameliorative measure to cured tobacco production
1st, materials and methods
Test and carried out in Yunnan Province Kunming Yiliang County ancient city town flue-cured tobacco proving ground.Trial zone average temperature of the whole year 13.3 ~
15.6 DEG C, the mm of mean annual precipitation 716.3 ~ 1098.3, year 2045.2 h of sunshine time.Experimental field soil types is light loam,
The basic physicochemical character of soil is shown in Table 1 before turning over.
The experimental field soil physical and chemical property of table 1
2nd, experimental design
Material to be tested is local conventional cultivation kind K326.Using single factor test randomized block experiment, using conventional cultivation as control, if
Put straw-returning, mix that sand mixes the pool, farm manure mixes the processing of three, the pool, each processing sets 3 repetitions, totally 12 cells, each cell face
Product is 144 m2(9.6 m×15 m).Straw-returning is maize straw, the kg/ mus of returning to the field 1000 after stalk crushes.Farm manure is mixed
The kg/ pools of the pool 0.8, it is the kg/ pools of river sand 2 to mix sand to mix the pool.Flue-cured tobacco seeding row spacing is respectively 0.5 m and 1.2 m.March 24 turned over whole
Ground, April 28, ridging reason moisture in the soil beat the pool, high 25 cm in ridge.Transplanting on April 29 tobacco seedlings, base fertilizer administration,（Farm manure mixes the pool）, top dressing applies
With as described in example 1 above, 35 d cultivation and bankings after transplanting, high 35 cm in ridge.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and other field management measures ginseng
Performed according to local sound tobacco production management method.
In addition, straw-returning, mixing that sand mixes the pool, to mix total dose of three, pool processing experiment be the total of check experiment to farm manure
The 90% of dose.
2.1 measure projects and method
Economical character and biomass
80 days after transplanting（Ripe initial stage）Determine flue-cured tobacco Agronomic characteristic and rhizome Leaf biomass.With reference to China's tobacco industry mark
Accurate (YC/T 142-1998) calculates leaf area index, i.e. leaf area index=leaf length (cm) × leaf width (cm) × 0.6345/ (120
cm× 50 cm)。
Mass water content of soil
80 days after transplanting（Ripe initial stage）Using earth boring auger 1 is arranged on the ridge face between the continuous two plants of representative flue-cured tobaccos of each cell
Individual sample point, takes 0 ~ 10 cm, 10 ~ 20 cm, 20 ~ 30 cm and 30 ~ 40 cm soil samples, and 105 DEG C of oven drying method measure soil qualities contain
Water, it is each to handle replication 3 times.
The yield of tobacco output value
After tobacco leaf maturation, single roasting, statistics cured tobacco leaf yield is singly adopted to each cell tobacco leaf, and according to 42 grades of national standards of flue-cured tobacco
(GB 2635-92) carries out specialized classification to cured tobacco leaf, determines the flue-cured tobacco output value, average price and better-than-average cigarette ratio.
Tobacco leaf chemical composition and sensory evaluating smoking
Each kg of processing X2F, C3F and B2F representativeness tobacco leaf 1 is chosen after picking and roasting, is determined for tobacco leaf chemical composition.Choose
Each processing C3F and B2F representativeness tobacco leaf 2kg, for quality sensory evaluating smoking.
Data process＆analysis
Using the processing datas of Microsoft Excel 2007.
2.2 results and analysis
2.2.1 mass water content of soil feature under different material returning to the field
Different material returning to the field has certain influence to vega soil mass water content, and particularly shallow contribution is become apparent（Table 2）.
In top layer 0-10cm, straw-returning, mix that sand mixes the pool, farm manure mixes pool processing mass water content of soil increases than control respectively
3.9%th, 18.1% and 14.2%.In subsurface stratum 10-20cm, straw-returning, mix that sand mixes the pool, farm manure is mixed pool processing soil quality and contained
Water is respectively than control increase by 10.7%, 21.4% and 17.8%.Show that farm manure mixes the pool and helps to increase vega soil water storage.
Influence of the different material returning to the field of table 2 to mass water content of soil
2.2.2 flue-cured tobacco economical character feature under different material returning to the field
Different material returning to the field has a significant impact to ripe initial stage flue-cured tobacco economical character（Table 3）.Compared with the control, straw-returning, mix
Sand mixes the pool, farm manure mixes pool processing leaf area index increases by 5.2%, 18.2% and 36.6% respectively.In effective blade number, stem girth, most
Big blade is long, the wide aspect material straw-returning of maximum blade, mixes that sand, which mixes the pool, farm manure mixes pool measure improving effect, wherein
It is optimal with the improved effect of farm manure returning to the field.
Influence of the different material returning to the field of table 3 to flue-cured tobacco economical character
2.2.3 flue-cured tobacco biology measure feature under different material returning to the field
Different material returning to the field has a significant impact to ripe initial stage flue-cured tobacco biomass（Table 4）.Compared with the control, mix sand and mix the pool, farmers'
Fertilizer, which mixes pool processing, can be obviously improved flue-cured tobacco root, stem, Leaf biomass, and wherein farm manure mixes pool processing to promoting Dry Matter Accumulation of Flue-cured Tobacco
Effect is optimal, farm manure mix pool processing flue-cured tobacco root, stem, leaf, complete stool biomass dry weight respectively than compare it is high by 21.8%, 2.7%,
17.9% and 14.3%.Flue-cured tobacco biomass is basically identical with compareing under the conditions of straw-returning.
Influence unit of the different material returning to the field of table 4 to flue-cured tobacco biomass：g
2.2.4 yield of flue-cured tobacco output value feature under different material returning to the field
Different material returning to the field has a significant impact to economic characters such as the yield of flue-cured tobacco output values（Table 5）.Straw-returning, mix sand and mix the pool, agriculture
Family fertilizer mix the pool processing yield of flue-cured tobacco respectively than control increase by 3.3%, 5.3% and 5.6%, average price respectively than control increase by 3.9%,
3.7% and 10.7%, for the output value respectively than control increase by 7.3%, 9.1% and 16.9%, better-than-average cigarette ratio also has lifting effect.Explanation
The measure of material returning to the field can increase yield of flue-cured tobacco, also have certain effect to lifting flue cured tobacco quality.
Influence of the different material returning to the field of table 5 to the yield of flue-cured tobacco output value
2.2.5 tobacco leaf chemical composition is analyzed under different material returning to the field
Table 6 shows influence of the different material returning to the field measure to top, middle part, lower tobacco leaf chemical composition.Material returning to the field helps
In lifting C3F, B2F tobacco leaf total nitrogen content, X2F has downward trend.Compared with the control, the measure of material returning to the field significantly increases bottom
The chloride content of tobacco leaf.Material returning to the field reduces X2F and C3F tobacco leaf total alkaloid contents, adds B2F tobacco leaf total alkaloids
Content.In terms of total reducing sugar and reduced sugar, material returning to the field measure reduces B2F its total sugars, content of reducing sugar, add X2F,
C3F tobacco leaf content of reducing sugar, also there is castering action to C3F its total sugars.In terms of potassium content of tobacco leaf, straw-returning and farm manure
It is effective to lifting X2F potassium content of tobacco leaf to mix pool measure, material returning to the field measure reduces C3F potassium content of tobacco leaf.Material returning to the field is arranged
Apply does not have effect to reducing Starch Content of Tobacco.
Influence of the different material returning to the field of table 6 to tobacco leaf chemical composition（%）
2.2.6 tobacco sensory quality is smoked panel test under different material returning to the field
Table 7 reflects influence of the different material returning to the field measure to C3F and B2F tobacco leaf judging parameters.Farm manure mixes pool processing C3F cigarettes
Leaf, which is smoked panel test, is scored at 82.5, and higher than control and other processing, B2F also has consistent result.Main difference is that farm manure is mixed
Pool processing C3F and B2F tobacco leaf concentration is higher, and stimulation is smaller, and aroma quality is preferable, and perfume quantity is fuller, and miscellaneous gas is smaller, mouthfeel characteristic
Preferably.
Influence of the different material returning to the field of table 7 to tobacco leaf judging parameter
Pass through test example 1 of the present invention, soil improvement of the invention（Farm manure mixes the pool）The cigarette strain that method obtains is in effective leaf
In terms of the economical characters such as piece number, leaf-area coefficient, stem girth, biomass and yield, the output value, average price, better-than-average cigarette ratio, it is superior to
Control and other method, obtained tobacco leaf chemical composition are more coordinated, and aroma quality is more prominent, and concentration is higher, and strength is bigger, sense
Official's total score of smokeing panel test is higher.Therefore the present invention soil improvement method can be used as can as partially glue soil improvement one kind have efficacious prescriptions
Formula, while total dose of the soil after present invention improvement is the 90% of conventional fertilizer application amount, effectively reduces dose, reduces into
This.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of tobacco field soil improvement method for effectively improving quality of tobacco, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）Constituency：Select 1000~2000m of height above sea level, late September temperature on average>18.0 DEG C, late September sunshine time>40h area
Domain, for further selecting vega；
2）Select vega：Select medium fertility, the partially viscous field of the soil texture；
3）Ridging beats the pool：Deep plough 28 ~ 32cm, ridging, 18 ~ 22cm of ridge face width, the high 28 ~ 32cm in ridge, every 45 ~ 55cm on the face of ridge
Beat the pool, the pool deep 14 ~ 16cm, the pool 33 ~ 37cm of diameter；
4）Base fertilizer is applied：Spread manuer in holes composite fertilizer, using 55% ~ 65% that pure nitrogen level is total amount of nitrogen, every mu is applied calcium magnesium phosphate 24 ~ 26
Kg, mixed with soil around, be laid on pool bottom；
5）Farm manure mixes the pool：0.5 ~ 0.8Kg of farm manure is taken, is put into the pool, is mixed thoroughly farm manure and surrounding soil with transplanting instrument,
The pool bottom for applying base fertilizer is not disturbed；
6）Top dressing is applied：Every mu of 6 ~ 8d, which is watered to pour, after transplanting applies potassium nitrate, and amount of nitrogen is the 5 ~ 15% of total amount of nitrogen；33 after transplanting ~
37d, Huan Shi composite fertilizer, amount of nitrogen is the 25 ~ 35% of total amount of nitrogen, while carries out cultivation and banking, and ridge is up to 33 ~ 37 cm.
2. the tobacco field soil improvement method according to claim 1 for effectively improving quality of tobacco, it is characterised in that step（2）
Described in soil pH 5.0~7.0, chlorion<30mg/Kg, 20~35mg/Kg of organic matter, 100~200mg/Kg of hydrolyzable nitrogen,
Available phosphorus>10mg/Kg, available potassium>100mg/Kg.
3. the tobacco field soil improvement method according to claim 2 for effectively improving quality of tobacco, it is characterised in that described
When the soil organism is 30~35 mg/Kg, it is 0.5 Kg that described farm manure, which mixes pool amount,.
4. the tobacco field soil improvement method according to claim 1 for effectively improving quality of tobacco, it is characterised in that step（2）
Described in the soil texture glue partially for 1.3~1.6g/cm of the soil weight3。
5. the tobacco field soil improvement method according to claim 1 for effectively improving quality of tobacco, it is characterised in that described
The N ︰ P of composite fertilizer2O5︰ K2O=1：（1~1.5）：（2~3）.
6. the tobacco field soil improvement method according to claim 1 for effectively improving quality of tobacco, it is characterised in that step（5）
Described in the preparation method of farm manure be：Fresh pig manure and maize straw are pressed into fresh weight 5 ~ 7:1 ratio mixing, adds water to make heap
Fertile organic materials water content adds organic fertilizer leavening 55 ~ 65%, and addition is the 0.5 ~ 1.5% of gross weight, then will be prepared
Good material turning 3-4 times, fully mix, coning pile heap, outer layer are covered with plastic sheeting and carry out insulation water conservation heap, in pile heap
After 60 DEG C of Nei Wenduda, carry out first time turning, afterwards every turning in 7-10 days once, stacking fermentation time be 30 days with
On, it is standby to transport to field after drying.
7. the tobacco field soil improvement method according to claim 6 for effectively improving quality of tobacco, it is characterised in that described
Maize straw is the maize straw that chopping is 2 ~ 4cm to segment length.
8. the tobacco field soil improvement method according to claim 1 for effectively improving quality of tobacco, it is characterised in that described
Base fertilizer is spreaded manuer in holes composite fertilizer in applying, using 60% that pure nitrogen level is total amount of nitrogen；Every mu of 6 ~ 8d after described top dressing is transplanted in applying
It is watered to pour and applies potassium nitrate, amount of nitrogen is the 10% of total amount of nitrogen；33 ~ 37d after transplanting, Huan Shi composite fertilizer, amount of nitrogen are total amount of nitrogen
30%.
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| CN201711150783.1A Active CN107750506B (en) | 2017-11-18 | 2017-11-18 | Tobacco field soil improvement method for effectively improving tobacco leaf quality |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109258039A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-25 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | A kind of fertilizing method improving junior tobacco leaf potassium content |
| CN109496483A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-22 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | A kind of local root zone soil improvement cultural method suitable for low-density species plant |
| CN109691279A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-30 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of synergy upgrading in lake basins ecological region planting flue-cured tobacco, environment emission reduction fertilizing method |
| CN110121974A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-16 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of construction method of the fertile topsoil of Red Soil Sloping Land tobacco field |
| CN111386784A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-10 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Soil improvement method suitable for tobacco field in south |
| CN112219481A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-15 | 江苏中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for rapidly repairing tobacco planting soil in barrier lake sludge coverage area |
| CN113973678A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-28 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Flue-cured tobacco cultivation method capable of reducing labor, cost and fertilizer and improving efficiency |
| CN115286466A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-11-04 | 云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所 | Fertilizer for improving karst tobacco area soil and improving yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco and application method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109258039A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-25 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | A kind of fertilizing method improving junior tobacco leaf potassium content |
| CN109258039B (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2020-12-22 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Fertilizing method for improving potassium content of flue-cured tobacco leaves |
| CN109496483A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-22 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | A kind of local root zone soil improvement cultural method suitable for low-density species plant |
| CN109691279A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-30 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of synergy upgrading in lake basins ecological region planting flue-cured tobacco, environment emission reduction fertilizing method |
| CN109691279B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2021-06-01 | 云南农业大学 | Fertilizing method for enhancing and improving quality and reducing environmental emission of flue-cured tobacco planted in lake basin area |
| CN110121974A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-16 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of construction method of the fertile topsoil of Red Soil Sloping Land tobacco field |
| CN111386784A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-10 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Soil improvement method suitable for tobacco field in south |
| CN112219481A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-15 | 江苏中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for rapidly repairing tobacco planting soil in barrier lake sludge coverage area |
| CN113973678A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-28 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Flue-cured tobacco cultivation method capable of reducing labor, cost and fertilizer and improving efficiency |
| CN115286466A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-11-04 | 云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所 | Fertilizer for improving karst tobacco area soil and improving yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco and application method thereof |
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