CN107576610A - A kind of more measuring physicals and detection method based on mantle friction - Google Patents
A kind of more measuring physicals and detection method based on mantle friction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of more measuring physicals and detection method based on mantle friction, belong to more measuring physicals and detection method.Including high frequency beam, synchronous coupled beams, low frequency beam, brake pad, support location structure, piezoelectric exciting structure, horizontal piezoelectricity big displacement driving structure, longitudinal piezoelectricity big displacement driving structure, L-type supporting construction etc..The vibration pick-up structure of low frequency beam picks up frictional vibration signal to detect surface roughness and hardness.Low frequency beam collectively constitutes synchro-resonance structure with high frequency beam, synchronous coupled beams, and for detecting the coefficient of kinetic friction, and multiplied output frequency is to improve sensitivity.The present invention utilizes better simply structure, realizes the detection of the coefficient of kinetic friction, surface roughness and hardness, is had broad application prospects in Surface testing and material identification field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection of more physical quantitys of achievable coefficient of kinetic friction, surface roughness and hardness composite sensing
Device and detection method.
Background technology
At present, with the fast development of intelligent precise process technology, process part surface quality and precision more and more
It is high.When carrying out the inspection and screening of part, judge whether the surface mechanical properties parameter of processed part can meet to use and want
Ask and seem most important.In the context of detection of single surface physics amount, domestic and international existing theory and technology can substantially expire
Sufficient requirement.The sensor for being designed to realize the more physical quantity detections in surface is domestic and international scientific worker emphasis of concern
Problem.
Have related research institutes at present to obtain multiple physical quantitys of body surface, the mechanism and structure of sensor are entered
Go and explored and design.Lund, Sweden university utilizes frictional vibration principle, the frequency attribute of vibration signal according to caused by friction
The detection of surface texture and hardness is realized with Self-organizing Maps unsupervised approaches.University of Southern California passes through in robot
Acceleration transducer is configured on hand, records signal caused by tapping to identify the hardness of unknown surface, elasticity, rigidity, with this point
Type objects, classification accuracy rate is up to 85%.Tongbiao Standard Technology Service Co., Ltd (Shanghai) etc. utilizes and contacts frictional vibration signal
The method for exploring reflection fiber type.Jessica DacleuNdengue et al. realize to be realized by frictional vibration parameter
Differentiate the different materials with similar wood grain.Zhu Nan-nan etc. use 650nm, the laser of 1310nm and 1550nm wavelength
The detection of the surface roughness and surface scattering feature of high accuracy is realized using multi-wavelength light fiber sensor.Sriram
Sundar etc. realizes the estimation of the coefficient of friction of mechanical system using frictional vibration caused by rolling-sliding contact.Finally, atomic force
Microscope (AFM) is used as a kind of comprehensive survey tool, can realize the inspection of many physical quantitys such as surface roughness, modulus of elasticity
Survey.But AFM detection speeds are slow, surface too big, and that Nano grade roughness can only be detected is influenceed by popping one's head in, it is impossible to as
Conventional detection means.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of more measuring physicals and detection method based on mantle friction, for realizing dynamic friction
More physical quantitys detection of coefficient, surface roughness and hardness determination, and the coefficient of kinetic friction and surface roughness can be mutually authenticated,
Improve detection accuracy.
The present invention adopts the technical scheme that：The root of high frequency beam, synchronous coupled beams and low frequency beam and support location structure
It is connected, is connected on the inside of low frequency beam and with synchronous coupled beams, be also connected on the inside of high frequency beam with synchronous coupled beams, the low frequency beam uses
Cantilever beam or two-end fixed beam structure, piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure include high frequency beam piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure and low frequency beam piezoelectricity pick-up knot
Structure, high frequency beam piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure and low frequency beam the piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure is fixed with the top of high frequency beam and low frequency beam respectively to be connected
Connect；When low frequency beam uses cantilever beam, brake pad is fixed on the free end of low frequency beam and forms friction pair with measured surface, when low
When frequency beam uses two-end fixed beam, brake pad is fixed on the middle part of low frequency beam and forms friction pair with measured surface；Piezoelectric exciting
Structure is fixed on the outside of the closed end of support location structure, and one end of longitudinal piezoelectricity big displacement driving structure is fixed on piezoelectricity and swashed
The outside for structure of shaking, the other end are connected with L-type supporting construction, and horizontal piezoelectricity big displacement driving structure one end is supported by L-type and tied
Structure is fixed on the right side of longitudinal piezoelectricity big displacement driving structure, and the other end is fixedly connected with base, and high frequency beam and low frequency beam are free
The lower surface at end has deposited electrode one, electrode three respectively, with supporting surface electrode two, the electrode four of location structure to separately constitute electricity
Hold vibration pick-up structure one, capacitor vibration pick-up structure two.
The high frequency beam, synchronous coupled beams, low frequency beam collectively constitute synchro-resonance structure, according to synchro-resonance principle, when
Low frequency beam intrinsic frequency is ω1, high frequency beam intrinsic frequency is ω2, its intrinsic frequency meets equation below：
mω1=n ω2
Wherein, m, n are integer, and m/n is the multiplication factor of frequency, and the low frequency beam, high frequency beam are rectangular beam.
The brake pad is the annular friction block around central axis.
The brake pad has different surface roughnesses to match roughness of measured surface etc. along annular circumferential surface
Level.
The high frequency beam piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure is identical with the structure of low frequency beam piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure.
The structure of the high frequency beam piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure is：Piezoelectric layer upper and lower part connect respectively piezoelectric layer Top electrode and
Piezoelectric layer bottom electrode.
The structure of the piezoelectric exciting structure is：Piezoelectric layer upper and lower part connects piezoelectric layer Top electrode and piezoelectric layer respectively
Bottom electrode.
A kind of detection method of more physical quantitys based on mantle friction, including：
(1), the detection method of the coefficient of kinetic friction is carried out according to the following steps：
(1) fixing end of the device is connected with drive device, whole device is moved to above measured surface and make
Its boss location structure contacts with measured surface, and because the bottom of boss location structure is less than the bottom of brake pad, brake pad will
With certain pressure compaction measured surface；
(2) swept frequency excitation piezoelectric exciting structure, under certain excited frequency, the first natural frequency of low frequency beam is leveled off to, it is low
Frequency beam, high frequency beam produce amplitude multiplication, and synchro-resonance occurs, now, according to synchro-resonance principle, the resonance frequency of low frequency beam
Rate shifts under frictional force effect, and twice of multiplication occurs for the resonance frequency shift amount of high frequency beam；
△ω2=ω '2-ω2=2 (ω '1-ω1)
Wherein ω1And ω1' it is respectively that low frequency beam acts on front and rear resonant frequency, ω in frictional force2With ω '2It is respectively high
Frequency beam is in the front and rear resonant frequency of frictional force effect, △ ω2For the offset of high frequency beam resonant frequency；
(3) size of frictional force can be tried to achieve according to the resonance frequency shift amount of low frequency beam, thus can be by the frequency of low frequency beam
Rate offset determines the coefficient of kinetic friction, and formula is as follows：
fd=μ FN
Wherein L is the length of low frequency beam,And ζ1It is the single order natural mode of vibration and damping ratio of low frequency beam respectively, whereinxFIt is normal pressure FNRelative to the distance of fixing end.M1And A1It is the generalized mass and mode amplitude of low frequency beam respectively,
fdIt is frictional force and the coefficient of kinetic friction respectively with μ；
(4) because relative to low frequency beam twice of multiplication can occur for synchro-resonance, the offset of the resonant frequency of high frequency beam, from
And the mathematical relationship of the resonance frequency shift amount of the coefficient of kinetic friction and high frequency beam can be established：
(5) now the piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure of high frequency beam and the superimposed alternate electrical signal of capacitor vibration pick-up structure determine to rub for pickup
Wipe the resonance frequency omega of the lower high frequency beam of power effect2', realize that the coefficient of kinetic friction detects；
(2), the detection method of surface roughness and hardness is carried out according to the following steps：
(1) fixing end of the device is connected with drive device, whole device is moved to above measured surface and make
Its boss location structure contacts with measured surface, and because the bottom of boss location structure is less than the bottom of brake pad, brake pad will
With certain pressure compaction measured surface；
(2) longitudinal piezoelectricity big displacement driving structure is driven to do linear uniform motion, annular friction block produces with measured surface
Relative motion, frictional vibration phenomenon occurs；Pick up the piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure on low frequency beam and the superimposed friendship of capacitor vibration pick-up structure
Varying electrical signals；
(3) according to the frequency and amplitude of electric signal, the roughness grade of rough estimate measured surface；
(4) drive horizontal piezoelectricity big displacement driving structure to do linear uniform motion, so as to drive annular friction block to rotate, make
The surface and measured surface for forming the annular friction block of friction pair have same or like roughness grade, realize roughness
Ratings match；
(5) longitudinal piezoelectricity big displacement driving structure is driven, picks up piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure and capacitor vibration pick-up structure on low frequency beam
Superimposed alternate electrical signal；
(6) amplitude based on the alternate electrical signal and frequency realize the detection in surface roughness amplitude and cycle respectively；
(7) hardness determination can be realized with Self-organizing Maps unsupervised approaches based on the frequency attribute of the alternate electrical signal.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Synchro-resonance physical principle is entered into action applied to resonant mode cantilever beam sensing arrangement to rub
Coefficient detection is wiped, frequency multiplication can be achieved, improves the sensitivity of detection means；Frictional vibration principle is applied to surface roughness
And hardness determination, surface roughness information and hardness information are converted into frictional vibration signal, can significantly simplify detection means knot
Structure and the sensing efficiency for improving detection means；Brake pad is designed as can be around the annular friction block of central axis.And along
Annular circumferential surface, the brake pad have different surface roughnesses, so as to be carried out with the roughness grade of measured surface
Matching, it can significantly expand the surface roughness range of the device；When the device carries out coefficient of friction detection, low frequency beam is utilized
Coefficient of friction sensing is carried out, high frequency beam is detected, and is realized sensing and detection separation, is reduced influence of noise.
The applicable detection range of the present invention depends on own dimensions size, has very strong applicability, you can realize superfinishing
The coefficient of kinetic friction, surface roughness and the hardness determination on close surface, it can also realize the coefficient of kinetic friction, the rough surface of rough surface
Degree and hardness determination.Contact and position with measured surface using boss location structure, the device position portion and quilt can be reduced
The contact area on surface is surveyed, reduces the error that extra friction is brought.Between surface roughness and the coefficient of kinetic friction have positive correlation (
In the case of dry friction) or negatively correlated (in the case of wet friction) relation, the two, which is mutually authenticated, can improve detection accuracy.
The present invention designs frictional vibration principle and synchro-resonance principle applied to more measuring physicals, and utilization is simpler
Single structure, realize the high precision test of the coefficient of kinetic friction, surface roughness and hardness.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the front view of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 top view；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of synchro-resonance structure of the present invention and brake pad；
Fig. 5 is the surface roughness profile figure of brake pad；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of present invention support location structure；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of L-type supporting construction of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of high frequency beam piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of piezoelectric exciting structure of the present invention；
Figure 10 is boss location structure working state figure of the present invention, wherein：Measured surface 14；
Figure 11 is coefficient of kinetic friction detection method flow chart of the present invention；
Figure 12 is surface roughness of the present invention and hardness detection method flow chart；
Figure 13 is embodiment outward appearance overall schematic when low frequency beam is two-end fixed beam；
Figure 14 is front view when low frequency beam is two-end fixed beam.
Embodiment
The root of high frequency beam 2, synchronous coupled beams 3 and low frequency beam 4 is connected with support location structure 1, on the inside of low frequency beam 4 and with
Synchronous coupled beams 3 are connected, and the inner side of high frequency beam 2 is also connected with synchronous coupled beams 3, and the low frequency beam 4 is consolidated using cantilever beam or both-end
Branch girder construction, piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure 6 include high frequency beam piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure 601 and low frequency beam piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure 602, the height
Frequency beam piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure 601 and low frequency beam piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure 602 are fixed with the top of high frequency beam 2 and low frequency beam 4 respectively to be connected
Connect；When low frequency beam 4 is using cantilever beam, brake pad 5, which is fixed on the free end of low frequency beam 4 and formed with measured surface 14, to rub
Pair, when low frequency beam 4 is using two-end fixed beam, brake pad 5, which is fixed on the middle part of low frequency beam 4 and formed with measured surface 14, to rub
It is secondary；Piezoelectric exciting structure 7 be fixed on support location structure 1 closed end outside, the one of longitudinal piezoelectricity big displacement driving structure 8
The outside of piezoelectric exciting structure 7 is fixed at end, and the other end is connected with L-type supporting construction 9, horizontal piezoelectricity big displacement driving structure 10
One end is fixed on the right side of longitudinal piezoelectricity big displacement driving structure 8 by L-type supporting construction 9, and the other end is fixed with base 13 to be connected
Connect, base 13 is used for the lower surface of the locus for connecting other devices and determining device, high frequency beam 2 and the free end of low frequency beam 4
Deposition has electrode 1, electrode 3 1201 respectively, 4 1202 points of surface electrode 2 1102, the electrode with supporting location structure 1
Zu Cheng not capacitor vibration pick-up structure 1, capacitor vibration pick-up structure 2 12.
High frequency beam 2, synchronous coupled beams 3, low frequency beam 4 collectively constitute synchro-resonance structure, according to synchro-resonance principle, when low
Frequency beam intrinsic frequency is ω1, high frequency beam intrinsic frequency is ω2, its intrinsic frequency meets equation below：
mω1=n ω2
Wherein, m, n are integer, and m/n is the multiplication factor of frequency, and the low frequency beam, high frequency beam are rectangular beam.
Before coefficient of friction detection is carried out, there is certain intrinsic frequency in girder construction, can be determined by testing or calculating.
In embodiment, it is assumed that the first natural frequency of low frequency beam 4 is ω1, the first natural frequency of high frequency beam 2 is ω2, low frequency beam 4
The natural frequency ratio of intrinsic frequency and high frequency beam 2 is 1:2, i.e. ω2=2 ω1。
The brake pad 5 is the annular friction block rotated around central shaft 501.
The brake pad has different surface roughnesses to match the roughness of measured surface 14 along annular circumferential surface
Grade.
The high frequency beam piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure 601 is identical with the structure of low frequency beam piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure 602.
The structure of the high frequency beam piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure 601 is：The upper and lower part of piezoelectric layer 6011 connects piezoelectric layer respectively
Top electrode 6012 and piezoelectric layer bottom electrode 6013.
The structure of the piezoelectric exciting structure 7 is：The upper and lower part of piezoelectric layer 702 connects piezoelectric layer Top electrode 701 respectively
With piezoelectric layer bottom electrode 703.
There is upper insulating barrier low frequency beam 4 and the upper surface of high frequency beam 2 by oxidation or other technological designs；Similarly, lower surface leads to
Peroxidating or other technological designs have lower insulating barrier.
Further, the high frequency beam and low frequency beam can also use a variety of girder constructions except rectangular beam structures, such as U-shaped beam, T-shaped
The symmetrical girder construction such as beam, triangular beam.
A kind of detection method of more physical quantitys based on mantle friction, including：
(1), the detection method of the coefficient of kinetic friction is carried out according to the following steps：
(1) fixing end 13 of the device is connected with drive device, whole device is moved to the top of measured surface 14
And its boss location structure 102 is contacted with measured surface 14, because the bottom of boss location structure 102 is less than brake pad 5
Bottom, brake pad 5 is by with certain pressure compaction measured surface 14；
(2) swept frequency excitation piezoelectric exciting structure 7, under certain excited frequency, the first natural frequency of low frequency beam 4 is leveled off to,
Low frequency beam 4, high frequency beam 2 produce amplitude multiplication, and synchro-resonance occur, now, according to synchro-resonance principle, low frequency beam it is humorous
Vibration frequency shifts under frictional force effect, and twice of multiplication occurs for the resonance frequency shift amount of high frequency beam；
△ω2=ω '2-ω2=2 (ω '1-ω1)
Wherein ω1And ω1' it is respectively that low frequency beam acts on front and rear resonant frequency, ω in frictional force2With ω '2It is respectively high
Frequency beam 2 is in the front and rear resonant frequency of frictional force effect, △ ω2For the offset of the resonant frequency of high frequency beam 2；
(3) size of frictional force can be tried to achieve according to the resonance frequency shift amount of low frequency beam, thus can be by the frequency of low frequency beam
Rate offset determines the coefficient of kinetic friction, and formula is as follows：
fd=μ FN
Wherein L is the length of low frequency beam.And ζ1It is the single order natural mode of vibration and damping ratio of low frequency beam respectively, whereinxFIt is normal pressure FNRelative to the distance of fixing end.M1And A1It is the generalized mass and mode amplitude of low frequency beam respectively.
fdIt is frictional force and the coefficient of kinetic friction respectively with μ；
(4) because relative to low frequency beam 4 twice of multiplication can occur for synchro-resonance, the offset of the resonant frequency of high frequency beam 2,
So as to establish the mathematical relationship of the resonance frequency shift amount of the coefficient of kinetic friction and high frequency beam 2：
(5) pickup now the piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure 601 of high frequency beam and the superimposed alternate electrical signal of capacitor vibration pick-up structure 11
Determine the resonance frequency omega of the lower high frequency beam 2 of frictional force effect2', realize that the coefficient of kinetic friction detects.
(2), the detection method of surface roughness and hardness is carried out according to the following steps：
(1) fixing end 13 of the device is connected with certain drive device, whole device is moved to measured surface 14
Top simultaneously makes its boss location structure 102 be contacted with measured surface 14, because the bottom of boss location structure 102 is less than brake pad
5 bottom, brake pad 5 is by with certain pressure compaction measured surface 14；
(2) longitudinal piezoelectricity big displacement driving structure 8 is driven to do linear uniform motion, annular friction block 5 and measured surface 14
Relative motion is produced, frictional vibration phenomenon occurs；Pick up the piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure 602 and capacitor vibration pick-up structure 12 on low frequency beam 4
Superimposed alternate electrical signal；
(3) according to the frequency and amplitude of electric signal, the roughness grade of rough estimate measured surface 14；
(4) horizontal piezoelectricity big displacement driving structure 10 is driven to do linear uniform motion, so as to drive annular friction block to rotate.
The surface for the annular friction block 5 for making to form friction pair has same or like roughness grade with measured surface 14, realizes
Roughness grade number matches；
(5) longitudinal piezoelectricity big displacement driving structure 8 is driven, picks up piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure 602 and capacitor vibration pick-up on low frequency beam 4
12 superimposed alternate electrical signal of structure；
(6) amplitude based on the alternate electrical signal and frequency realize the detection in surface roughness amplitude and cycle respectively；
(7) hardness determination can be realized with Self-organizing Maps unsupervised approaches based on the frequency attribute of the alternate electrical signal.
The 6 producible quantity of electric charge of piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure can be represented by equation below：
Wherein, d31For horizontal piezoelectric constant, EpFor piezoelectric layer Young's modulus, ZPFor piezoelectric layer to neutral axis distance, l is pressure
Electric structure length, L are the length w of beamEFor monolithic piezoelectric structure width, IiIt is the i-th layer material to itself neutral equatorial moment of inertia, Ai
For the i-th layer material cross-sectional area, Q piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure output charge amounts；
The output voltage of piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure 6 can be expressed from the next：
Wherein, VtotalTo export total voltage, Q is the quantity of electric charge of piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure, and C is the electric capacity of piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure 6；
In addition, the capacitance of capacitor vibration pick-up structure can be represented by equation below in the present embodiment：
Wherein, ε is constant, and S is the facing area of capacitor plate, and d is the distance of capacitor plate, and k is electrostatic force constant.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. more measuring physicals based on mantle friction, it is characterised in that：High frequency beam, synchronous coupled beams and low frequency beam Root be connected with support location structure, be connected on the inside of low frequency beam and with synchronous coupled beams, on the inside of high frequency beam also with synchronous coupling Beam is connected, and the low frequency beam uses cantilever beam or two-end fixed beam structure, and piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure includes high frequency beam piezoelectricity pick-up knot Structure and low frequency beam piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure, high frequency beam piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure and low frequency beam the piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure respectively with high frequency beam It is fixedly connected with above low frequency beam；When low frequency beam uses cantilever beam, brake pad be fixed on the free end of low frequency beam and with quilt Survey surface formed friction pair, when low frequency beam uses two-end fixed beam, brake pad be fixed on the middle part of low frequency beam and with tested table Face forms friction pair；Piezoelectric exciting structure is fixed on the outside of the closed end of support location structure, longitudinal piezoelectricity big displacement driving The outside of piezoelectric exciting structure is fixed in one end of structure, and the other end is connected with L-type supporting construction, horizontal piezoelectricity big displacement driving Structure one end is fixed on the right side of longitudinal piezoelectricity big displacement driving structure by L-type supporting construction, and the other end is fixed with base to be connected Connect, the lower surface of high frequency beam and low frequency beam free end has deposited electrode one, electrode three respectively, the surface electricity with supporting location structure Pole two, electrode four separately constitute capacitor vibration pick-up structure one, capacitor vibration pick-up structure two.
- A kind of 2. more measuring physicals based on mantle friction according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The height Frequency beam, synchronous coupled beams, low frequency beam collectively constitute synchro-resonance structure, according to synchro-resonance principle, when low frequency beam intrinsic frequency For ω1, high frequency beam intrinsic frequency is ω2, its intrinsic frequency meets equation below：mω1=n ω2Wherein, m, n are integer, and m/n is the multiplication factor of frequency, and the low frequency beam, high frequency beam are rectangular beam.
- A kind of 3. more measuring physicals based on mantle friction according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to rub Cleaning block is the annular friction block around central axis.
- A kind of 4. more measuring physicals based on mantle friction according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is described to rub Cleaning block has different surface roughnesses to match the roughness grade number of measured surface along annular circumferential surface.
- A kind of 5. more measuring physicals based on mantle friction according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The height Frequency beam piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure is identical with the structure of low frequency beam piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure.
- A kind of 6. more measuring physicals based on mantle friction according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The height The structure of frequency beam piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure is：Piezoelectric layer upper and lower part connects piezoelectric layer Top electrode and piezoelectric layer bottom electrode respectively.
- A kind of 7. more measuring physicals based on mantle friction according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The pressure The structure of electric excitation structure is：Piezoelectric layer upper and lower part connects piezoelectric layer Top electrode and piezoelectric layer bottom electrode respectively.
- 8. using a kind of detection method of more measuring physicals based on mantle friction as claimed in claim 1, it is special Sign is：The detection method of detection method and surface roughness and hardness including the coefficient of kinetic friction, wherein：(1), the detection method of the coefficient of kinetic friction is carried out according to the following steps：(1) fixing end of the device is connected with drive device, whole device is moved to above measured surface and make its convex Platform location structure contacts with measured surface, and because the bottom of boss location structure is less than the bottom of brake pad, brake pad will be with one Fixed pressure compaction measured surface；(2) swept frequency excitation piezoelectric exciting structure, under certain excited frequency, the first natural frequency of low frequency beam is leveled off to, low frequency beam, High frequency beam produces amplitude multiplication, and synchro-resonance occurs, and now, according to synchro-resonance principle, the resonant frequency of low frequency beam exists Shifted under frictional force effect, twice of multiplication occurs for the resonance frequency shift amount of high frequency beam；△ω2=ω '2-ω2=2 (ω '1-ω1)Wherein ω1And ω1' it is respectively that low frequency beam acts on front and rear resonant frequency, ω in frictional force2With ω '2Respectively high frequency beam exists The front and rear resonant frequency of frictional force effect, △ ω2For the offset of high frequency beam resonant frequency；(3) size of frictional force can be tried to achieve according to the resonance frequency shift amount of low frequency beam, thus can be inclined by the frequency of low frequency beam Shifting amount determines the coefficient of kinetic friction, and formula is as follows：<mrow> <msub> <msup> <mi>&omega;</mi> <mo>&prime;</mo> </msup> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>&phi;</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mi>F</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mn>2</mn> <mi>&pi;</mi> </mfrac> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mi>d</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>&phi;</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>&phi;</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mi>F</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&xi;</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>&omega;</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <msub> <mi>&omega;</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow>fd=μ FNWherein L is the length of low frequency beam,And ζ1It is the single order natural mode of vibration and damping ratio of low frequency beam respectively, whereinxFIt is normal pressure FNRelative to the distance of fixing end, M1And A1It is the generalized mass and mode amplitude of low frequency beam respectively, fdIt is frictional force and the coefficient of kinetic friction respectively with μ；(4) because relative to low frequency beam twice of multiplication can occur for synchro-resonance, the offset of the resonant frequency of high frequency beam, so as to To establish the mathematical relationship of the resonance frequency shift amount of the coefficient of kinetic friction and high frequency beam：<mrow> <mi>&mu;</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&pi;&xi;</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>&omega;</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>nF</mi> <mi>N</mi> </msub> <msup> <msub> <mi>&phi;</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> <msqrt> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msup> <msub> <mi>&Delta;&omega;</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>H</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>&omega;</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>H</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>&Delta;&omega;</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>H</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>&phi;</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </msqrt> </mrow>(5) now the piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure of high frequency beam and the superimposed alternate electrical signal of capacitor vibration pick-up structure determine frictional force for pickup The resonance frequency omega of the lower high frequency beam of effect2', realize that the coefficient of kinetic friction detects；(2), the detection method of surface roughness and hardness is carried out according to the following steps：(1) fixing end of the device is connected with drive device, whole device is moved to above measured surface and make its convex Platform location structure contacts with measured surface, and because the bottom of boss location structure is less than the bottom of brake pad, brake pad will be with one Fixed pressure compaction measured surface；(2) longitudinal piezoelectricity big displacement driving structure is driven to do linear uniform motion, annular friction block produces relative with measured surface Motion, frictional vibration phenomenon occurs；Pick up low frequency beam on piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure and capacitor vibration pick-up structure it is superimposed alternation electricity Signal；(3) according to the frequency and amplitude of electric signal, the roughness grade of rough estimate measured surface；(4) drive horizontal piezoelectricity big displacement driving structure to do linear uniform motion, so as to drive annular friction block to rotate, make to be formed The surface of the annular friction block of friction pair has same or like roughness grade with measured surface, realizes roughness grade number Matching；(5) longitudinal piezoelectricity big displacement driving structure is driven, piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure and capacitor vibration pick-up structure on low frequency beam is picked up and is stacked Add alternate electrical signal；(6) amplitude based on the alternate electrical signal and frequency realize the detection in surface roughness amplitude and cycle respectively；(7) hardness determination can be realized with Self-organizing Maps unsupervised approaches based on the frequency attribute of the alternate electrical signal.
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| CN109457827A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-03-12 | 郑州轻工业学院 | A kind of friction induction becomes the shock-dampening method and device of mode |
| CN111189379A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-22 | 大连理工大学 | Inner cavity surface roughness in-situ detection method based on double-point rotational friction |
| CN111189379B (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2021-01-12 | 大连理工大学 | Inner cavity surface roughness in-situ detection method based on double-point rotational friction |
| CN113433213A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-09-24 | 吉林大学 | Multi-trace high-sensitivity synchronous sensing device and method based on multi-modal internal resonance |
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