CN107244947B - Method for continuously and efficiently preparing edible fungus culture medium by utilizing sugarcane sugar production byproducts - Google Patents
Method for continuously and efficiently preparing edible fungus culture medium by utilizing sugarcane sugar production byproducts Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for continuously and efficiently preparing an edible fungus culture medium by utilizing sugar cane sugar production byproducts. The invention adds a special edible fungus culture medium continuous production batching device on a bagasse output device of a cane pressing production line, collocates cane sugar production byproducts (bagasse, molasses, filter mud and filter water) according to a certain proportion, realizes automatic, continuous and efficient edible fungus culture medium production, sterilizes the culture medium by using the residual heat of evaporation and sugar boiling, realizes the integration of sugar production and edible fungus culture medium production, and provides a new idea for the conversion of the cane industry mode; the edible fungus culture medium prepared by the method has reasonable nutrition proportion, can meet the nutrient elements required by the growth of the edible fungus at each stage, can accelerate the fruiting speed, shortens the cultivation period and has high biological conversion rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of waste resource utilization, and particularly relates to a method for continuously and efficiently preparing an edible fungus culture medium by utilizing sugar cane sugar production byproducts.
Background
The edible fungi have rich nutrition and delicious taste, and become a new favorite on dining tables of people. Nowadays, the edible fungi industry becomes the fifth planting industry following the food, oil, fruit and vegetable industries, and the edible fungi industry also shows an increasing trend in terms of scale, yield, quality, safety, processing and benefit, which means that higher requirements are put on the industrial production and processing technology of edible fungi.
At present, the commonly used edible fungus culture medium raw materials mainly comprise wood chips, crop straws, corn flour, bean pulp, vinasse and the like, however, the prices of some main cultivation raw materials are continuously increased, so-called water rising boat height causes the edible fungus price to be high. Therefore, a way for reducing the cultivation cost of the edible fungi and improving the quantity and quality of the edible fungi is sought, and higher market competitive value can be obtained.
Sugarcane is used as an energy crop and has important significance for national safety and development. The sugar production amount of sugarcane in China is large, 8800 more than ten thousand tons of sugarcane are processed in the whole country, however, the development of the sugarcane industry is restricted by the problems of more sugarcane sugar production byproducts and difficult treatment, so that the sugar production benefit is poor, the enthusiasm of sugarcane planting is low, and the environment is polluted by improper treatment of wastes. Therefore, the conversion of the sugarcane industry mode and the reasonable realization of the resource utilization of the sugarcane sugar production byproducts are very urgent.
The sugar production by-products of the sugarcane comprise bagasse, molasses, filter mud and sugar production wastewater. Wherein, the bagasse is a main byproduct in sugar industry, which accounts for about 24-27% of the amount of the pressed bagasse, the current main utilization ways of the bagasse are directly burning to generate heat, generate electricity and make paper, account for more than 85% of the amount of the bagasse, the added value of the product is low, and secondary pollution is often accompanied. The molasses is the thick liquid left after the sugar is made from the squeezed sugarcane juice through the working procedures of heating, neutralizing, precipitating, filtering, concentrating, crystallizing and the like, and has the sugar content of 48 percent generally and larger viscosity. The filter mud is CaCO generated in the sugar production process of a sugar refinery3The waste, which is the main component, discharges about 1 ton of filter mud per 1 ton of sugar produced, and has been used directly in the field for fertilizing or discarding for a long time. The environment-friendly tea not only occupies a large amount of land, but also is easy to mildew and smell due to the fact that the environment-friendly tea contains various organic matters and saccharides, flies are bred, air is polluted, and sanitation is affected. The sugar-making waste water is mainly the washing and filtering water in the sugar-making process, the washing and filtering water quantity of a sugar refinery which presses 500 tons per day reaches as much as 1000-2000 tons per day, and the SS content in the washing and filtering waterUp to 0.3-1.0%, COD content of 1000-5000 mgL, and certain sugar content. Most sugar mills discharge the filtered water together with other waste water without any treatment, thus causing serious environmental pollution. The water quantity of the filter cloth is large, the filter cloth is easy to smell after being discharged, the treatment difficulty is large, and the filter cloth is one of three pollution sources (alcohol waste liquid, boiler ash flushing water and filter water) of a sugar refinery. At present, methods such as aeration or oxidation pond treatment, coal cinder clarification and the like are mainly adopted for treating the washing and filtering water, but the methods need wide fields, large investment and high operating cost.
CN104341236A discloses a preparation method and use of bagasse as a culture medium for oyster mushroom, however, there is no preparation method for preparing a culture medium for edible fungi by completely recycling the four sugar-making byproducts, and particularly, the method for comprehensively utilizing the sugar-making byproducts of the sugarcane and converting the sugar-making byproducts into the culture medium for the edible fungi is of practical significance for developing the filter-washing water of a sugar refinery which has high solid content and organic matter content, is relatively acidic, is easy to decay and pollute and is difficult to treat. In addition, because the bagasse contains a small amount of sugar, the bagasse accompanied with sugar-making wastewater is easy to be infected with infectious microbe, the fiber is long and thin, the viscosity of the added molasses is high, the material mixing process by using the existing equipment is easy to cause blocking, the efficiency is low, and much trouble is brought to the preparation of the bagasse edible fungus culture medium.
In conclusion, the method for continuously and efficiently preparing the edible fungus culture medium by utilizing the sugarcane sugar production byproducts is developed, the integration of sugar production and edible fungus culture medium production is realized, and a new thought can be provided for the conversion of the sugarcane industry mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for continuously and efficiently preparing an edible fungus culture medium by utilizing sugar cane sugar production byproducts, which can realize the integration of sugar production and edible fungus culture medium production.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the method for continuously and efficiently preparing the edible fungus culture medium by utilizing the sugar cane sugar production byproducts comprises the following steps:
(1) a special edible fungus culture medium continuous production batching device is added and matched on a bagasse output device of a sugarcane pressing production line, and the batching device comprises a conveying device, an alkali adding mechanism, a water supplementing mechanism and a nitrogen adding mechanism;
(2) the alkali adding mechanism is provided with an alkali adding tank and an alkali adding regulating valve, filter mud and molasses are added into the alkali adding tank in advance, a stirring device in the alkali adding tank is started, the stirring speed is set to be 100-200 r/min, the flow rate of the alkali adding regulating valve is set to be 175-500 mL/min, and the mixture of the filter mud and the molasses is uniformly sprayed on bagasse conveyed on a conveying device through a spray head;
(3) the water supplementing mechanism is provided with a water supplementing tank and a water supplementing adjusting valve, the sugar making wastewater is connected into the water supplementing tank in advance through a pipeline, the flow of the water supplementing adjusting valve is set to be 250-500 mL/min, and the sugar making wastewater is uniformly sprayed on bagasse conveyed on the conveying device through the spray head;
(4) the nitrogen adding mechanism is provided with a nitrogen source tank and a rotary vibration screen, an organic nitrogen source is added into the nitrogen source tank in advance, the rotary vibration screen is used for uniformly scattering the organic nitrogen source on bagasse conveyed on a conveying device, and the rotary vibration frequency is set to be 120-180 r/min;
(5) setting the conveying speed of a conveying device to be 1.75-2.5 kg/min, synchronously operating an alkali adding mechanism, a water supplementing mechanism and a nitrogen adding mechanism while the bagasse enters the conveying device, and setting the stirring speed to be 180-300 r/min in the conveying device;
(6) the bagasse is continuously and forwardly transmitted along with the conveying device, is continuously output from the discharge port after being uniformly mixed by the alkali adding mechanism, the water supplementing mechanism and the nitrogen adding mechanism, and enters the bagging machine for bagging;
(7) sterilizing the bagged materials by using waste steam generated by a boiler of a sugar refinery and hot steam generated in an evaporation process to obtain an edible fungus culture medium; the obtained edible fungus culture medium has a pH of 7-8 and a water content of 60-65%, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-100 parts of bagasse, 5-15 parts of filter mud, 10-20 parts of sugar-making wastewater, 2-5 parts of molasses and 0-10 parts of organic nitrogen source.
Preferably, the organic nitrogen source is at least one of brewer's grains, bran, corn meal and soybean meal.
As a further preferable mode of the scheme, the edible fungus culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 82-90 parts of bagasse, 5-10 parts of filter mud, 12-18 parts of sugar-making wastewater, 3-5 parts of molasses, 0-6 parts of brewer's grain and 0-2 parts of bran.
Preferably, the sugar-making wastewater is water for washing and filtering in a sugar refinery.
Preferably, the special edible fungus culture medium continuous production batching device comprises a conveying device directly butted with a sugarcane pressing production line, an alkali adding mechanism capable of uniformly adding filter mud and molasses, a water supplementing mechanism capable of uniformly adding sugar-making wastewater and a nitrogen adding mechanism capable of uniformly adding an organic nitrogen source on sugarcane bagasse conveyed by the conveying device, wherein the conveying device is provided with a side frame arranged along the conveying direction, the side frame is provided with a stirring mechanism, the stirring mechanism comprises a plurality of transversely arranged stirring rollers and a driving mechanism capable of driving the stirring rollers to rotate, and a gap for the sugarcane bagasse to pass through is reserved between the stirring rollers and the conveying device.
Preferably, the surface of the stirring roller is provided with a plurality of conical stirring fins.
Preferably, two ends of each stirring roller are mounted on the side frame through bearing seats, and the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, a driving sprocket arranged at the output end of the driving motor, a driven sprocket coaxially driven with each stirring roller, and a transmission chain for driving and connecting the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket.
Preferably, a plurality of spray heads are arranged above the conveying device along the conveying direction, the alkali adding mechanism comprises an alkali adding tank and an alkali adding regulating valve arranged at a liquid outlet of the alkali adding tank, the liquid outlet of the alkali adding tank is connected with the spray heads through a liquid adding pipe, and an electric stirring device is arranged in the alkali adding tank; the water supplementing mechanism comprises a water supplementing tank and a water supplementing regulating valve arranged at a liquid outlet of the water supplementing tank, and the liquid outlet of the water supplementing tank is connected with the spray head through a liquid adding pipe.
Preferably, the nitrogen adding mechanism comprises a nitrogen source tank, a nitrogen adding regulating valve arranged at the outlet of the nitrogen source tank and a rotary vibration screen arranged below the outlet of the nitrogen source tank, and the diameter of a mesh of the rotary vibration screen is 0.5-1 cm.
Preferably, the conveyor comprises a conveyor belt, the end of the conveyor belt being provided with a guide structure engageable with the bag loader.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention adds a special edible fungus culture medium continuous production batching device on a bagasse output device of a sugarcane pressing production line, collocates sugarcane sugar production byproducts (bagasse, molasses, filter mud and filter water) according to a certain proportion, realizes automatic, continuous and efficient edible fungus culture medium production, sterilizes the culture medium by using the residual heat of evaporation and sugar boiling, realizes the integration of sugar production and edible fungus culture medium production, and provides a new idea for the change of sugarcane industry modes.
(2) According to the method for continuously and efficiently manufacturing the edible fungus culture medium by utilizing the sugarcane sugar production byproducts, in the manufacturing process, the filter water is added to adjust the water content and the nitrogen of the culture medium, the filter mud is added to adjust the pH of the culture medium, the molasses is added to improve the sugar content of the culture medium, the addition of ingredients such as lime, sugar and the like is not required to be additionally added, the addition amount of an organic nitrogen source can be greatly saved, the uniformity is better, the waste recycling is realized, the edible fungus culture medium cost is effectively reduced, the economic benefit is improved, and the environmental pollution is reduced.
(3) The method for continuously and efficiently preparing the edible fungus culture medium by utilizing the sugarcane sugar production byproducts fully recycles the bagasse, the molasses, the filter mud and the filter water, has reasonable nutrition proportion of the continuously prepared edible fungus culture medium, can meet the nutrient elements required by the growth of the edible fungus at each stage, can accelerate the fruiting speed, shortens the cultivation period, and has high biological conversion rate.
(4) The special edible fungus culture medium batching device for continuous production is characterized in that bagasse is forwards driven by a conveying device, filter mud and molasses are added through an alkali adding mechanism, filter water is added through a water supplementing mechanism, an organic nitrogen source is added through a nitrogen adding mechanism, stirring is completed through a stirring roller during conveying, a plurality of stirring rollers are arranged along the conveying direction to ensure that the bagasse is uniformly stirred, and finally the bagasse enters a bagging machine for bagging through a discharge port.
Drawings
FIG. 1: a schematic diagram of a special edible fungus culture medium batching device for continuous production;
FIG. 2: the butt joint schematic diagram of the special edible fungus culture medium continuous production batching device and the sugarcane squeezing production line.
Detailed Description
Special edible mushroom culture medium dosing unit of continuous production
A special edible fungus culture medium batching device for continuous production, which is shown in figure 1; the batching device is butted with a sugarcane pressing production line, and the method is shown in figure 2.
The special continuous production edible fungus culture medium batching device comprises a conveying device 2 directly butted with a sugarcane squeezing production line 1, an alkali adding mechanism capable of uniformly adding filter mud and molasses on sugarcane bagasse conveyed by the conveying device 2, a water supplementing mechanism capable of uniformly adding sugar-making wastewater and a nitrogen adding mechanism capable of uniformly adding an organic nitrogen source, wherein the conveying device 2 comprises a conveying belt, and a guide structure 21 capable of being butted with a bagging machine is arranged at the tail end of the conveying belt; conveyor 2 has the side frame 22 that sets up along direction of transfer, forms the passageway of carrying the bagasse between the side frame 22 of both sides, be equipped with rabbling mechanism on the side frame 22, the rabbling mechanism includes a plurality of stirring roller 23 that transversely set up and can drive stirring roller 23 pivoted actuating mechanism, be equipped with a plurality of conical stirring wing pieces on the roll surface of stirring roller 23, avoid arousing the card machine. A gap for bagasse to pass through is reserved between the stirring roller 23 and the conveying device 2; the production efficiency and uniformity of the culture medium are ensured under the stirring action of the conveyer belt conveying and stirring rollers 23.
The blending device utilizes a conveying device to forward drive bagasse, filter mud and molasses are added through an alkali adding mechanism, sugar making wastewater is added through a water supplementing mechanism, an organic nitrogen source is added through a nitrogen adding mechanism, the humidity and the pH are controlled to be the most suitable humidity and the pH for the growth of edible fungi, and meanwhile, stirring is completed through a stirring roller 23 during conveying, wherein a plurality of stirring rollers 23 are arranged along the conveying direction to ensure that the bagasse is uniformly stirred, and finally, the bagasse enters a bagging machine from a discharge port for bagging; the batching device is directly arranged at the rear of a sugarcane sugar production line, the edible fungus culture medium is continuously and efficiently made by utilizing the wet bagasse material, the automatic and continuous efficient making of the edible fungus culture medium is realized, the production efficiency is high, the quality is excellent, the sterilization time is short, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the production efficiency and the culture medium uniformity are greatly improved.
The two ends of each stirring roller 23 are mounted on the side frame 22 through bearing seats, and the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, a driving chain wheel arranged at the output end of the driving motor, a driven chain wheel coaxially driven with each stirring roller 23 and a transmission chain for driving and connecting the driving chain wheel and the driven chain wheel. Each stirring roller 23 is driven by a driving motor to synchronously rotate, and the output rotating speed of the driving motor is adjustable.
A plurality of spray heads 3 are arranged above the conveying device 2 along the conveying direction, the alkali adding mechanism comprises an alkali adding tank 41 and an alkali adding regulating valve 42 arranged at the liquid outlet of the alkali adding tank 41, and an electric stirring device 43 is arranged in the alkali adding tank 41 to avoid precipitation; the liquid outlet of the alkali adding tank 41 is connected with the spray head 3 through a liquid adding pipe 31. The water supplementing mechanism comprises a water supplementing tank 51 and a water supplementing regulating valve 52 arranged at a liquid outlet of the water supplementing tank 51, and the liquid outlet of the water supplementing tank 51 is connected with the spray head 3 through a liquid adding pipe 31. The alkali adding regulating valve 42 and the water replenishing regulating valve 52 are used for controlling the addition amount of the materials in the alkali adding tank 41 and the water replenishing tank 51. The materials in the alkali adding tank 41 and the water replenishing tank 51 can be uniformly sprayed on the bagasse conveyed by the conveying belt through the spray head 3.
The nitrogen adding mechanism in the batching device comprises a nitrogen source tank 61, a nitrogen adding regulating valve 62 arranged at the outlet of the nitrogen source tank 61 and a rotary vibration screen 63 arranged below the outlet of the nitrogen source tank 61, wherein the rotary vibration screen 63 can uniformly scatter an organic nitrogen source on bagasse conveyed by the conveying device; the diameter of the mesh of the rotary vibration screen 63 is 0.5-1 cm, and the rotary vibration frequency of the rotary vibration screen 63 is used for controlling the addition amount of the organic nitrogen source in the nitrogen source tank.
The sugar-making wastewater is the water for washing and filtering in a sugar refinery.
The present invention is further explained below by referring to examples and experimental examples.
The special edible fungus culture medium batching device for continuous production is applied, and when sugar is produced by sugarcane, the edible fungus culture medium is continuously and efficiently produced by sugarcane sugar production byproducts, so that an integrated industrial production mode of sugar production and edible fungus culture medium production is realized. The specific implementation is as described in examples 1 to 3.
The basic parameters of the sugar production by-products of sugarcane in examples 1 to 3 are as follows:
bagasse: 30-48% of cellulose, 19-24% of hemicellulose, 20-32% of lignin and 40-50% of water content;
and (3) mud filtration: the calcium carbonate content is 70-80%, the water content is 50-70%, and the pH value is 9-10;
molasses: the sugar content is 45%;
the sugar-making wastewater is the water for washing and filtering in a sugar refinery.
Water for sugar refinery washing and filtering: the COD is 1500mg/L, the SS is 6500mg/L, and the pH is 6.5-7.0.
Example 1 method for continuously and efficiently preparing edible fungus culture medium by using sugar cane sugar production byproducts
The edible fungus culture medium which is continuously and efficiently manufactured has the pH of 7.5 and the water content of 63 percent and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 82 parts of bagasse, 10 parts of filter mud, 12 parts of sugar mill filter water, 4 parts of molasses, 6 parts of brewer's grain and 2 parts of bran.
According to the formula amount, the method for continuously and efficiently preparing the edible fungus culture medium comprises the following steps:
(1) a special edible fungus culture medium continuous production batching device is added and matched on a bagasse output device of a sugarcane pressing production line, and the batching device is provided with a conveying device, an alkali adding mechanism, a water supplementing mechanism and a nitrogen adding mechanism;
(2) the alkali adding mechanism is provided with an alkali adding tank and an alkali adding regulating valve, filter mud and molasses are added into the alkali adding tank in advance, a stirring device in the alkali adding tank is started, the stirring speed is set to be 150r/min, the flow of the alkali adding regulating valve is set to be 350mL/min, and the filter mud and the molasses are uniformly sprayed on bagasse conveyed on a conveying device through a spray head;
(3) the water supplementing mechanism is provided with a water supplementing tank and a water supplementing regulating valve, the sugar mill filter water washing water is connected into the water supplementing tank in advance through a pipeline, the flow rate of the water supplementing regulating valve is set to be 300mL/min, and the sugar mill filter water washing water is uniformly sprayed on bagasse conveyed on the conveying device through the spray head;
(4) the nitrogen adding mechanism is provided with a nitrogen source tank and a rotary vibration screen, the brewer grains and the bran are uniformly mixed in advance and then added into the nitrogen source tank, the mixture of the brewer grains and the bran is uniformly scattered on bagasse conveyed on a conveying device by using the rotary vibration screen with the aperture of 0.8cm, and the rotary vibration frequency is set to be 150 r/min;
(5) setting the conveying speed of a conveying device to be 2kg/min, synchronously operating an alkali adding mechanism, a water supplementing mechanism and a nitrogen adding mechanism while bagasse enters the conveying device, and setting the stirring speed to be 200r/min in the conveying device;
(6) the bagasse is continuously and forwardly transmitted along with the conveying device, is continuously output from the discharge port after being uniformly mixed by the alkali adding mechanism, the water supplementing mechanism and the nitrogen adding mechanism, and enters the bagging machine for bagging;
(7) and sterilizing the bagged materials by using waste steam generated by a boiler of a sugar refinery and hot steam generated in an evaporation process to obtain the edible fungus culture medium.
Example 2 method for continuously and efficiently preparing edible fungus culture medium by using sugar cane sugar production byproducts
The edible fungus culture medium which is continuously and efficiently manufactured has the pH of 7.5 and the water content of 65 percent and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of bagasse, 10 parts of filter mud, 18 parts of sugar mill filter water and 5 parts of molasses.
According to the formula amount, the method for continuously and efficiently preparing the edible fungus culture medium comprises the following steps:
(1) a special edible fungus culture medium continuous production batching device is added and matched on a bagasse output device of a sugarcane pressing production line, and the batching device is provided with a conveying device, an alkali adding mechanism, a water supplementing mechanism and a nitrogen adding mechanism;
(2) the alkali adding mechanism is provided with an alkali adding tank and an alkali adding regulating valve, filter mud and molasses are added into the alkali adding tank in advance, a stirring device in the alkali adding tank is started, the stirring speed is set to be 150r/min, the flow of the alkali adding regulating valve is set to be 375mL/min, and the filter mud and the molasses are uniformly sprayed on bagasse conveyed on a conveying device through a spray head;
(3) the water supplementing mechanism is provided with a water supplementing tank and a water supplementing regulating valve, the sugar mill washing and filtering water is connected into the water supplementing tank in advance through a pipeline, the flow of the water supplementing regulating valve is set to be 450mL/min, and the sugar mill washing and filtering water is uniformly sprayed on bagasse conveyed on the conveying device through the spray head;
(4) setting the conveying speed of a conveying device to be 2.25kg/min, synchronously operating an alkali adding mechanism and a water replenishing mechanism when bagasse enters the conveying device, and setting the stirring speed to be 250r/min in the conveying device;
(5) the bagasse is continuously and forwardly transmitted along with the conveying device, is continuously output from the discharge port after being uniformly mixed by the alkali adding mechanism, the water supplementing mechanism and the nitrogen adding mechanism, and enters the bagging machine for bagging;
(6) and sterilizing the bagged materials by using waste steam generated by a boiler of a sugar refinery and hot steam generated in an evaporation process to obtain the edible fungus culture medium.
Example 3 method for continuously and efficiently preparing edible fungus culture medium by using sugar cane sugar production byproducts
The edible fungus culture medium which is continuously and efficiently manufactured has the pH of 7.0 and the water content of 60 percent and consists of the following components in parts by weight: 82 parts of bagasse, 5 parts of filter mud, 12 parts of sugar mill filter water, 3 parts of molasses, 6 parts of brewer's grain and 2 parts of bran.
According to the formula amount, the method for continuously and efficiently preparing the edible fungus culture medium comprises the following steps:
(1) a special edible fungus culture medium continuous production batching device is added and matched on a bagasse output device of a sugarcane pressing production line, and the batching device is provided with a conveying device, an alkali adding mechanism, a water supplementing mechanism and a nitrogen adding mechanism;
(2) the alkali adding mechanism is provided with an alkali adding tank and an alkali adding regulating valve, filter mud and molasses are added into the alkali adding tank in advance, a stirring device in the alkali adding tank is started, the stirring speed is set to be 150r/min, the flow of the alkali adding regulating valve is set to be 200mL/min, and the filter mud and the molasses are uniformly sprayed on bagasse conveyed on a conveying device through a spray head;
(3) the water supplementing mechanism is provided with a water supplementing tank, a spray head and a water supplementing regulating valve, the sugar mill washing and filtering water is connected into the water supplementing tank in advance through a pipeline, the flow of the water supplementing regulating valve is set to be 300mL/min, and the sugar mill washing and filtering water is uniformly sprayed on bagasse conveyed on the conveying device through the spray head;
(4) the nitrogen adding mechanism is provided with a nitrogen source tank and a rotary vibration screen, the organic nitrogen source is uniformly mixed in advance and then added into the nitrogen source tank, the rotary vibration screen with the aperture of 0.8cm is used for uniformly scattering the organic nitrogen source on bagasse conveyed on a conveying device, and the rotary vibration frequency is set to be 150 r/min;
(5) setting the conveying speed of a conveying device to be 2kg/min, synchronously operating an alkali adding mechanism, a water supplementing mechanism and a nitrogen adding mechanism while bagasse enters the conveying device, and setting the stirring speed to be 250r/min in the conveying device;
(6) the bagasse is continuously and forwardly transmitted along with the conveying device, is continuously output from the discharge port after being uniformly mixed by the alkali adding mechanism, the water supplementing mechanism and the nitrogen adding mechanism, and enters the bagging machine for bagging;
(7) and sterilizing the bagged materials by using waste steam generated by a boiler of a sugar refinery and hot steam generated in an evaporation process to obtain the edible fungus culture medium.
Experimental example 1 evaluation of culture Effect of edible fungus culture Medium
5 groups of cultivation experiments were set up, as follows:
(1) oyster mushroom test group 1: oyster mushroom was grown using the edible fungus culture medium prepared in example 1;
(2) oyster mushroom test group 2: oyster mushroom is planted in the edible fungus culture medium prepared in the embodiment 2;
(3) oyster mushroom control group: the oyster mushroom cultivation medium prepared from conventional bagasse is used as a culture medium, and the specific formula is as follows: 79% of bagasse, 10% of brewer's grains, 5% of bran, 2% of corn flour, 1% of sugar, 2% of lime and 1% of gypsum; planting oyster mushrooms;
(4) test group of hericium erinaceus: planting hericium erinaceus in the edible fungus culture medium prepared in the example 1;
(5) and (3) a hericium erinaceus control group: a hericium erinaceus culture medium prepared from conventional bagasse is used as a culture medium, and the specific formula is as follows: 40% of bagasse, 40% of wood chips, 3% of corn flour, 1% of gypsum and 1% of calcium superphosphate; and (5) planting hericium erinaceus.
The specific culture method is as follows: inoculating corresponding strains to be planted into each group of culture medium, and placing in a darkroom for spawn running culture; when the cultivation bags are full of the planted hyphae, bud forcing is carried out by controlling the temperature difference; and then carrying out fruiting management, controlling the temperature to be 20-25 ℃ during fruiting, controlling the air humidity to be about 90%, keeping the mushroom house ventilated, picking after the cultivation is finished, and counting the biotransformation efficiency of each group, bag filling time, picking times and hypha growth vigor.
TABLE 1 cultivation of edible fungi for each group
Note: the biological conversion rate is that the fresh weight of the edible fungi/the raw material is dried to the balance weight multiplied by 100 percent.
As shown in Table 1, the biotransformation rate, the bag filling time and the picking frequency of the oyster mushroom test groups 1 and 2 are obviously superior to those of an oyster mushroom control group, and the biotransformation rate, the bag filling time and the mycelium growth vigor of the hericium erinaceus test group are obviously superior to those of the oyster mushroom control group.
The above embodiments are merely preferred examples to illustrate the present invention, and it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any obvious variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The method for continuously and efficiently preparing the edible fungus culture medium by utilizing the sugar cane sugar production byproducts comprises the following steps:
(1) a special edible fungus culture medium continuous production batching device is added and matched on a bagasse output device of a sugarcane pressing production line, and the batching device comprises a conveying device, an alkali adding mechanism, a water supplementing mechanism and a nitrogen adding mechanism;
(2) the alkali adding mechanism is provided with an alkali adding tank and an alkali adding regulating valve, filter mud and molasses are added into the alkali adding tank in advance, a stirring device in the alkali adding tank is started, the stirring speed is set to be 100-200 r/min, the flow rate of the alkali adding regulating valve is set to be 175-500 mL/min, and the mixture of the filter mud and the molasses is uniformly sprayed on bagasse conveyed on a conveying device through a spray head;
(3) the water supplementing mechanism is provided with a water supplementing tank and a water supplementing adjusting valve, the sugar making wastewater is connected into the water supplementing tank in advance through a pipeline, the flow of the water supplementing adjusting valve is set to be 250-500 mL/min, and the sugar making wastewater is uniformly sprayed on bagasse conveyed on the conveying device through the spray head;
(4) the nitrogen adding mechanism is provided with a nitrogen source tank and a rotary vibration screen, an organic nitrogen source is added into the nitrogen source tank in advance, the rotary vibration screen is used for uniformly scattering the organic nitrogen source on bagasse conveyed on a conveying device, and the rotary vibration frequency is set to be 120-180 r/min;
(5) setting the conveying speed of a conveying device to be l.75-2.5 kg/min, synchronously operating an alkali adding mechanism, a water supplementing mechanism and a nitrogen adding mechanism while the bagasse enters the conveying device, and setting the stirring speed to be 180-300 r/min in the conveying device;
(6) the bagasse is continuously and forwardly transmitted along with the conveying device, is continuously output from the discharge port after being uniformly mixed by the alkali adding mechanism, the water supplementing mechanism and the nitrogen adding mechanism, and enters the bagging machine for bagging;
(7) sterilizing the bagged materials by using waste steam generated by a boiler of a sugar refinery and hot steam generated in an evaporation process to obtain an edible fungus culture medium; the obtained edible fungus culture medium has a pH of 7-8 and a water content of 60-65%, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-100 parts of bagasse, 5-15 parts of filter mud, 10-20 parts of sugar-making wastewater, 2-5 parts of molasses and 0-10 parts of organic nitrogen source; the special edible fungus culture medium dosing unit of continuous production includes the conveyer that squeezes the direct butt joint of production line with the sugarcane and can evenly add filter mud and molasses to the bagasse that conveyer carried on add alkali mechanism, evenly add the moisturizing mechanism of sugaring waste water and evenly add the nitrogen adding mechanism of organic nitrogen source, conveyer has the side frame that sets up along the direction of transfer, be equipped with rabbling mechanism on the side frame, rabbling mechanism includes a plurality of horizontal stirring rollers that set up and can drive stirring roller pivoted actuating mechanism, leave the clearance that supplies the sugarcane bagasse to pass through between stirring roller and conveyer.
2. The method for continuously and efficiently preparing the edible fungus culture medium by utilizing the sugar cane sugar production byproducts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and a plurality of conical stirring fins are arranged on the surface of the stirring roller.
3. The method for continuously and efficiently preparing the edible fungus culture medium by utilizing the sugar cane sugar production byproducts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the two ends of each stirring roller are mounted on the side frame through bearing seats, and the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, a driving chain wheel arranged at the output end of the driving motor, a driven chain wheel coaxially driven with each stirring roller and a transmission chain for driving and connecting the driving chain wheel and the driven chain wheel.
4. The method for continuously and efficiently preparing the edible fungus culture medium by utilizing the sugar cane sugar production byproducts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a plurality of spray heads are arranged above the conveying device along the conveying direction, the alkali adding mechanism comprises an alkali adding tank and an alkali adding regulating valve arranged at a liquid outlet of the alkali adding tank, the liquid outlet of the alkali adding tank is connected with the spray heads through liquid adding pipes, and an electric stirring device is arranged in the alkali adding tank; the water supplementing mechanism comprises a water supplementing tank and a water supplementing regulating valve arranged at a liquid outlet of the water supplementing tank, and the liquid outlet of the water supplementing tank is connected with the spray head through a liquid adding pipe.
5. The method for continuously and efficiently preparing the edible fungus culture medium by utilizing the sugar cane sugar production byproducts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the nitrogen adding mechanism comprises a nitrogen source tank, a nitrogen adding regulating valve arranged at the outlet of the nitrogen source tank and a rotary vibration screen arranged below the outlet of the nitrogen source tank, wherein the diameter of a mesh of the rotary vibration screen is 0.5-1 cm.
6. The method for continuously and efficiently preparing the edible fungus culture medium by utilizing the sugar cane sugar production byproducts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the conveying device comprises a conveying belt, and a guide structure capable of being in butt joint with the bagging machine is arranged at the tail end of the conveying belt.
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| CN108546174A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-09-18 | 广东泓睿科技有限公司 | A kind of selenium-enriched edible mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN109122201A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-01-04 | 广西大学 | A kind of seedling medium and preparation method thereof using Sugarcane By-product preparation |
| CN113317130A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-31 | 上海光明森源生物科技有限公司 | Method for preparing liquid strain of needle mushroom and culture medium used by method |
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| CN102703518B (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2013-10-23 | 姜蓉生 | Method for producing alcohol and cultivating edible fungus by solid fermentation through mixing manioc waste with treacle |
| CN103155805A (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2013-06-19 | 林树 | Full-automatic fungus manufacturing machine |
| CN203340641U (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-12-18 | 桑德环境资源股份有限公司 | System utilizing kitchen waste for cultivating edible mushrooms |
| CN103467190B (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2015-12-09 | 广西大学 | A kind of Mushroom culture substrate |
| CN104341236A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2015-02-11 | 广州甘蔗糖业研究所 | Preparation method and application of pleurotus ostreatus culture medium by using bagasse |
| CN104805134A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-29 | 梁利和 | Method for synchronous alcoholic fermentation by applying straw and production of edible fungus culture medium material |
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