CN107238460A - A kind of torque coefficient of bolt test device and method - Google Patents
A kind of torque coefficient of bolt test device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107238460A CN107238460A CN201710607794.1A CN201710607794A CN107238460A CN 107238460 A CN107238460 A CN 107238460A CN 201710607794 A CN201710607794 A CN 201710607794A CN 107238460 A CN107238460 A CN 107238460A
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- bolt
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- pressure rings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/24—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0028—Force sensors associated with force applying means
- G01L5/0042—Force sensors associated with force applying means applying a torque
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to transmission route survey instrument and equipment technical field, specifically related to a kind of torque coefficient of bolt test device and method, device includes fixture, pressure rings, bolt connection pair to be measured, torque wrench and resistance strain gauge, bolt connection pair to be measured includes bolt to be measured and the clamp nut being engaged with bolt to be measured, pressure rings are set on the screw rod of bolt to be measured, and pressure rings are an entirety by clamp nut and bolt to be measured fastening；Pressure rings are connected with resistance strain gauge；Fixture is fixedly installed and is used to clamp clamp nut；The sleeve being adapted to the head of bolt to be measured is connected with torque wrench, sleeve is set in the head of bolt to be measured.It can be operated on universal testing machine using the device, and precision is high, speed is fast, simple and convenient, safe and reliable, the test of particularly suitable batch torque coefficient of bolt.
Description
【Technical field】
The invention belongs to transmission route survey instrument and equipment technical field, and in particular to a kind of torque coefficient of bolt test dress
Put and method.
【Background technology】
It is formed by connecting more than electric power pylon node using connecting plate by common galvanized bolt, in installation process, absolutely mostly
Number bolt must all apply pretightning force.Because directly control pretightning force is relatively difficult, typically by controlling Tightening moment come indirectly
Ground controls pretightning force.Tightening moment is too small to cause structure partially dangerous, and Tightening moment, which crosses conference, causes gasket seal to be crushed to death
And the fracture for the screw rod that follows the string, causes.The relation (i.e. torque coefficient) between Tightening moment and pretightning force is thus determined, to knot
The safe operation of structure and reliable use have important practical significance.
At present, the test to torque coefficient is main by bolt adhering resistance strain sheets or using the side of axle power meter
Formula.The former needs to paste every suit tested bolt foil gauge, and troublesome poeration, the experiment preparatory period is longer；The latter needs
The supporting experimental rig of row is tested.Experimentation cost is very high, cumbersome, especially for non-professional fastener measuring unit
It is difficult to possess these special equipments, this just carrys out great inconvenience to the measuring band of torque coefficient.
【The content of the invention】
To solve the above problems, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of torque coefficient of bolt test device and method, adopting
It can be operated on universal testing machine with the device, and precision is high, speed is fast, it is simple and convenient, safe and reliable, particularly fit
Close the test of batch torque coefficient of bolt.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of torque coefficient of bolt test device, including fixture, pressure rings, torque wrench and resistance strain gauge, pressure rings
On the screw rod for being set in bolt to be measured, clamp nut is threaded with the screw rod of bolt to be measured, pressure rings, clamp nut are with treating
It is an entirety to survey bolt fastening；Pressure rings are connected with resistance strain gauge；Fixture is fixedly installed and is used to clamp clamp nut；Turn round
The sleeve being adapted to the head of bolt to be measured is connected with square spanner, sleeve is set in the head of bolt to be measured.
The bolt to be measured is arranged with the first pad and the second pad respectively in the both sides of pressure rings.
The surface of first pad and the second pad is provided with anti-skid structure.
Sliding sleeve is also arranged with the screw rod of the bolt to be measured, between being between sliding sleeve and the screw rod of bolt to be measured
Gap coordinates, and pressure rings are sheathed on the outer ring of sliding sleeve, coordinates between pressure rings and sliding sleeve for gap, the length of sliding sleeve
Thickness of the degree less than pressure rings.
The inner surface of pressure rings offers chute vertically, and the position that the outer surface of sliding sleeve is corresponding with chute is provided with
The tongue being adapted with chute.
Upper table of the chute along pressure rings is opened up downwards, and length is less than the thickness of pressure rings；Tongue is along sliding sleeve
Upper surface is set from top to bottom, and the length of tongue is less than the length of chute.
The fixture includes left fixture and right fixture, and left fixture and right fixture are offered for pressing from both sides in their intersection
Hold the groove of clamp nut.
The groove is V-shaped groove.
The fixture is fixedly installed on pedestal.
A kind of torque coefficient of bolt method of testing, is carried out by said apparatus, comprised the following steps：
Step one, bolt to be measured, pressure rings and clamp nut are joined together to form bolt connection pair to be measured, pressure rings
It is connected with resistance strain gauge, the registration of adjustment resistance strain gauge is zeroed；
Step 2, applies compressive load, to bolt to be measured by universal testing machine to the bolt connection pair to be measured of step one
Pretightning force and strain demarcated, obtain both linear relationships；
Step 3, then fixed by clamp clamp nut, and by fixture；According to the size selection of bolt head to be measured
Suitable sleeve, the hex-shaped recess of sleeve lower end and the head of bolt to be measured is closely coupled, and upper end and the moment of torsion of sleeve are pulled
Palmistry connects；
Step 4, when needing test, steadily balancedly applies the moment of torsion drafted to torque wrench, torsion is drafted when being applied to
During square, torque wrench is sounded the alarm, and strain registration is now read on the display of resistance strain gauge；
Step 5, pretightning force and the linear relationship of strain and the drafting for step 4 of bolt to be measured are demarcated by second step
Moment of torsion, draw the torque coefficient of bolt to be measured.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
The torque coefficient of bolt test device of the present invention applies fixed torsion to bolt to be measured by torque wrench and sleeve
Square, measures the pretightning force of screw rod by pressure rings and shows axial strain by resistance strain gauge, pass through surveyed axial strain
And the torque arithmetic drafted obtains torque coefficient k, all operations of the invention can be completed on universal testing machine, and conveniently
Simply, safe and reliable, cost is very low, is adapted to the test of batch torque coefficient of bolt so that the efficiency of manual work obtains very big
Improve to degree.
Further, the present invention can reduce pressure suffered by pressure rings by the first pad and the second pad, not rapid wear
Bad, while pressure that can also be suffered by counterpressure ring surface, makes pressure rings have preferable axially loaded condition, it is accurate to produce
Axial strain so that test the data obtained it is more accurate, it is ensured that the reliability of torque coefficient of bolt to be measured.
Further, the present invention by the anti-skid structure of the first pad and the second gasket surface can prevent clamp nut with
Skidded between fixture；Skidded between first pad and pressure rings and between the second pad and pressure rings.
Further, the present invention on the screw rod of bolt to be measured by being arranged sleeve, the spiral shell of sliding sleeve and bolt to be measured
Coordinate between bar for gap, pressure rings are sheathed on the outer ring of sliding sleeve, coordinate between pressure rings and sliding sleeve for gap, protect
The center that bolt to be measured is in pressure rings hole is demonstrate,proved, so as to eliminate because pressure czermak space causes bolt screw rod to be measured to exist
In pressure rings hole activity and produce error, meanwhile, need measure different size bolt when, only need to change and spiral shell to be measured
The sliding sleeve that bolt lattice match can meet the test of different size bolt, so as to greatly reduce experimentation cost.
【Brief description of the drawings】
Fig. 1 is the overall schematic of the torque coefficient of bolt test device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the fixture of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the bolt connection pair to be measured of the present invention and the position view before the assembling of sleeve and torque wrench；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the pressure rings of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the sliding sleeve of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 it is pedestal, 2 is that fixture, 2-1 are that groove, 2-2 are that right fixture, 2-3 are left fixture, 3 are pressure rings, 3-1
For chute, 3-2 be the first hole, 4 be sleeve, 5 be torque wrench, 6 be connecting line, 7 be resistance strain gauge, 8 be bolt to be measured,
8-1 is that the first pad, 8-2 are the second pad, 9 are clamp nut, 10 are that sliding sleeve, 10-1 are tongue, the holes of 10-2 second.
【Embodiment】
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, torque coefficient of bolt test device of the invention, including fixture 2, pressure rings 3, moment of torsion are pulled
Hand 5 and resistance strain gauge 7, pressure rings 3 are set on the screw rod of bolt 8 to be measured, and bolt 8 to be measured is distinguished in the both sides of pressure rings 3
The surface for being arranged with the first pad 8-1 and the second pad 8-2, the first pad 8-1 and the second pad 8-2 is provided with anti-Slipped Clove Hitch
Clamp nut 9, pressure rings 3, clamp nut 9, the first pad 8-1, the second pad are threaded with structure, the screw rod of bolt 8 to be measured
Piece 8-2 is an entirety with bolt 8 to be measured fastening；Pressure rings 3 are connected with resistance strain gauge 7 by connecting line 6；Fixture 2 is removable
Unload and be fixedly installed on pedestal 1, for clamping clamp nut 9, fixture 2 includes left fixture 2-3 and right fixture 2-2, left fixture 2-3
The groove 2-1 for clamping fastener nut 9 is offered in their intersection with right fixture 2-2, groove 2-1 is V-shaped groove；Turn round
The sleeve 4 being adapted to the head of bolt 8 to be measured is connected with square spanner 5, sleeve 4 is set in the head of bolt 8 to be measured.
With reference to Fig. 3-Fig. 5, be also arranged with sliding sleeve 10 on the screw rod of bolt to be measured 8 of the invention, sliding sleeve 10 with
Coordinate between the screw rod of bolt 8 to be measured for gap, pressure rings 3 are sheathed on the outer ring of sliding sleeve 10, pressure rings 3 and sliding sleeve
Coordinate between 10 for gap, the length of sliding sleeve 10 is less than the length of pressure rings 3.As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, in pressure rings 3
The surface that the first hole 3-2, the first hole 3-2 is opened up at the heart offers two symmetrical chute 3-1, sliding sleeve 10 vertically
Center offer the second hole 10-2, the outer surface position corresponding with chute 3-1 is provided with two be adapted with chute 3-1
Individual symmetrical tongue 10-1；Upper tables of the chute 3-1 along pressure rings 3 is opened up (such as Fig. 4) downwards, and length is less than pressure rings 3
Thickness；Upper surfaces of the tongue 10-1 along sliding sleeve 10 is set (such as Fig. 5) from top to bottom, and tongue 10-1 length is less than chute 3-
1 length, sliding sleeve 10 and pressure rings 3 are entered line slip by the first hole 3-2 and tongue 10-1 and fixed.
The the first pad 8-1 and bolt to be measured 8 of the present invention belongs to same batch, the first pad 8-1 and the second pad 8-2's
Surface is provided with anti-skid structure, it is therefore an objective to increase between contact surface and the pressure rings 3 between the second pad 8-2 and fixture 2
Contact surface and the first pad 8-1 and pressure rings 3 between contact surface frictional force, prevent bolt 8 apply twist during go out
Now skid and influence the accuracy of data.
When testing the torque coefficient of bolt to be measured by the torque coefficient of bolt test device of the present invention, by walking as follows
Suddenly：
Step one, bolt 8 to be measured is penetrated in the endoporus of sliding sleeve 10, then pressure rings 3 is enclosed on sliding sleeve 10
Outer ring, then the first pad 8-1 is placed on the upper end of pressure rings 3 and sliding sleeve 10, the second pad 8-2 is placed on pressure rings
3 and the lower end of sliding sleeve 10, clamp nut 9 is connected with the screw rod of bolt 8 to be measured, clamp nut 9 is tightened, makes bolt to be measured
8th, sliding sleeve 10, pressure rings 3, the first pad 8-1, the second pad 8-2 and clamp nut 9 are connected as an entirety, and conduct
Bolt connection pair to be measured, pressure rings 3 are connected with resistance strain gauge 7, and the registration of adjustment resistance strain gauge 7 is zeroed；
Step 2, applies compressive load, to bolt 8 to be measured by universal testing machine to the bolt connection pair to be measured of step one
Pretightning force and strain demarcated, obtain both linear relationships；
Step 3, clamp nut 9 is clamped by the groove 2-1 of fixture 2, and fixture 2 is fixed on to the base of universal testing machine
On seat 1, operation universal testing machine makes the groove 2-1 of fixture 2 clamp clamp nut 9, it should be noted that in operation universal test
The fixture of machine should avoid clamping the second pad when clamping the clamp nut of bolt connection pair to be measured, it is ensured that the second pad position
In the upper surface of fixture；Then, according to the suitable sleeve 4 of size selection on the head of bolt 8 to be measured, by the hexagonal of the lower end of sleeve 4
The head of connected in star and bolt 8 to be measured is closely coupled, and the upper end of sleeve 4 is connected with torque wrench 5；
Step 4, when needing test, steadily balancedly applies the moment of torsion drafted, due to one to torque wrench 5 first
Determine in the presence of moment of torsion, pretightning force is generated at the screw rod of bolt to be measured, pretightning force is measured by pressure rings 3 and will measurement
Signal is changed to resistance strain gauge 7, when be applied to draft moment of torsion when, torque wrench 5 sounds the alarm, now in resistance strain gauge
Strain registration is read on 7 display.
The pretightning force of bolt to be measured is demarcated by step 2 and the linear relationship of strain calculates pretightning force P, due to what is drafted
Moment of torsion, it is known that according to《Code for acceptance of construction quality of steel structures》Formula k=T/ (DP) as defined in (GB50205-2001)
Go out torque coefficient, take eight sets of bolts as a test sample and the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value and standard deviation of calculated torque coefficient.To say
The test effect of the bright present apparatus, chooses battery of tests data instance and illustrates.
Bolt specification is M20, and grade is 8.8 grades of plain bolts, and anti-corrosion measure is divided into ungalvanized (being commonly called as black part) and hot dipping
Zinc-plated (being commonly called as white part), the linear formula of pretightning force-strain according to obtained by second step rating test is：Pretightning force=0.1352
× strain -2.017, is calculated, pretightning force=0.1352 × 687-2.017 by taking the strain 687 measured by black part sequence number 1 as an example
=90.87kN, obtains single set torque coefficient of bolt according to formula k=280/ (20 × 90.87)=0.154, is calculated successively
Obtain the average value and standard deviation of torque coefficient.As shown in table 1, table 1 is torque coefficient test result：
Table 1
It can be drawn by the result of table 1 to draw a conclusion：
(1) for the bolt of same levels and specification, the torque coefficient and torque coefficient of galvanizing by dipping bolt (after zinc-plated)
Standard deviation (discreteness) will be higher than black part (before zinc-plated)；
(2)GB/T1231-2006《High-strength large hexagon head bolt used for steel structure, heavy series hexagon nut, gasket techniques condition》
The torque coefficient average value for defining high-strength bolt is 0.110~0.150, and torque coefficient standard deviation not should be greater than 0.010.Compare
In high-strength bolt, the torque coefficient average value and standard deviation (discreteness) of plain bolt are all higher than the high-strength bolt of specification defined
Torque coefficient average value and standard deviation (discreteness).
Claims (10)
1. a kind of torque coefficient of bolt test device, it is characterised in that including fixture (2), pressure rings (3), torque wrench (5) and
Resistance strain gauge (7), pressure rings (3) are set on the screw rod of bolt to be measured (8), are threadedly coupled on the screw rod of bolt (8) to be measured
There is clamp nut (9), pressure rings (3), clamp nut (9) are an entirety with bolt to be measured (8) fastening；Pressure rings (3) and electricity
Hinder deformeter (7) connection；Fixture (2) is fixedly installed and for clamping clamp nut (9)；Torque wrench is connected with and treated on (5)
The sleeve (4) of the head adaptation of bolt (8) is surveyed, sleeve (4) is set in the head of bolt to be measured (8).
2. a kind of torque coefficient of bolt test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bolt (8) to be measured
The first pad (8-1) and the second pad (8-2) are arranged with respectively in the both sides of pressure rings (3).
3. a kind of torque coefficient of bolt test device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the first pad (8-
1) surface with the second pad (8-2) is provided with anti-skid structure.
4. a kind of torque coefficient of bolt test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bolt (8) to be measured
Screw rod on be also arranged with sliding sleeve (10), between sliding sleeve (10) and the screw rod of bolt to be measured (8) for gap coordinate, pressure
Power ring (3) is sheathed on the outer ring of sliding sleeve (10), coordinates between pressure rings (3) and sliding sleeve (10) for gap, slip cap
The length of cylinder (10) is less than the thickness of pressure rings (3).
5. a kind of torque coefficient of bolt test device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the interior table of pressure rings (3)
Face offers chute (3-1) vertically, and the position that the outer surface of sliding sleeve (10) is corresponding with chute (3-1) is provided with and chute
The tongue (10-1) that (3-1) is adapted.
6. a kind of torque coefficient of bolt test device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that chute (3-1) is along pressure
The upper table of ring (3) is opened up downwards, and length is less than the thickness of pressure rings (3)；Tongue (10-1) is upper along sliding sleeve (10)
Surface is set from top to bottom, and the length of tongue (10-1) is less than the length of chute (3-1).
7. a kind of torque coefficient of bolt test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fixture (2) includes
Left fixture (2-3) and right fixture (2-2), left fixture (2-3) and right fixture (2-2) are offered for pressing from both sides in their intersection
Hold the groove (2-1) of clamp nut (9).
8. a kind of torque coefficient of bolt test device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the groove (2-1) is V
Shape groove.
9. a kind of torque coefficient of bolt test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fixture (2) is fixed
It is arranged on pedestal (1).
10. a kind of torque coefficient of bolt method of testing, it is characterised in that carried out by the device described in claim 1, including such as
Lower step：
Step one, bolt to be measured (8), pressure rings (3) and clamp nut (9) are joined together to form bolt connection pair to be measured,
Pressure rings (3) are connected with resistance strain gauge (7), and the registration of adjustment resistance strain gauge (7) is zeroed；
Step 2, applies compressive load, to bolt to be measured (8) by universal testing machine to the bolt connection pair to be measured of step one
Pretightning force and strain are demarcated, and obtain both linear relationships；
Step 3, then clamp nut (9) is clamped by fixture (2), and fixture (2) is fixed；According to bolt to be measured (8) head
The suitable sleeve of size selection (4), the hex-shaped recess of sleeve (4) lower end and the head of bolt to be measured (8) is closely coupled, set
The upper end of cylinder (4) is connected with torque wrench (5)；
Step 4, when needing test, steadily balancedly applies the moment of torsion drafted to torque wrench (5), torsion is drafted when being applied to
During square, torque wrench (5) is sounded the alarm, and strain registration is now read on the display of resistance strain gauge (7)；
Step 5, pretightning force and the linear relationship of strain and the drafting for step 4 of bolt to be measured (8) are demarcated by second step
Moment of torsion, draw the torque coefficient of bolt to be measured (8).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710607794.1A CN107238460A (en) | 2017-07-24 | 2017-07-24 | A kind of torque coefficient of bolt test device and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710607794.1A CN107238460A (en) | 2017-07-24 | 2017-07-24 | A kind of torque coefficient of bolt test device and method |
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| CN107238460A true CN107238460A (en) | 2017-10-10 |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108051130A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-18 | 北京理工大学 | It is a kind of to turn round caliberating device and the method for establishing unprincipled connection |
| CN109029962A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2018-12-18 | 周子翘 | Determine the pilot system of fastening arrangement and method for construction |
| CN109520922A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-26 | 山东中车风电有限公司 | A kind of test device and test method of bolt coefficient of friction and torque coefficient |
| CN110174250A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-08-27 | 力试（上海）科学仪器有限公司 | A kind of quiet torsion set composite of axle power |
| CN110657976A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2020-01-07 | 北京工业大学 | Bolt fastening experimental device for ensuring coaxiality |
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| CN112050983A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-08 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Large expansion bolt expansion force testing device and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109029962A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2018-12-18 | 周子翘 | Determine the pilot system of fastening arrangement and method for construction |
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| CN110174250A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-08-27 | 力试（上海）科学仪器有限公司 | A kind of quiet torsion set composite of axle power |
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| CN111678627A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-18 | 北京交通大学 | Stress test method for shield tunnel segment connecting bolt |
| CN114199695A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-18 | 山东华光光电子股份有限公司 | Device and method for testing welding strength of semiconductor laser tube cap |
| CN112050983A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-08 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Large expansion bolt expansion force testing device and method |
| CN113533082A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-10-22 | 东南大学 | Torque coefficient measuring device and torque coefficient measuring method |
| CN113624388A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-11-09 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Pretightening force-nut tightening torque calibration system of gas turbine pull rod rotor |
| CN116086681A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-05-09 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for determining bolt torque range of parallel groove clamp of power grid |
| CN116086681B (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2024-04-12 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for determining bolt torque range of parallel groove clamp of power grid |
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