CN111678627A - Stress test method for shield tunnel segment connecting bolt - Google Patents
Stress test method for shield tunnel segment connecting bolt Download PDFInfo
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- CN111678627A CN111678627A CN202010435694.7A CN202010435694A CN111678627A CN 111678627 A CN111678627 A CN 111678627A CN 202010435694 A CN202010435694 A CN 202010435694A CN 111678627 A CN111678627 A CN 111678627A
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- stress
- bolt
- strain
- lead
- data processing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
- G01L1/2268—Arrangements for correcting or for compensating unwanted effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
- G01L1/2287—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges constructional details of the strain gauges
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a stress test method for a shield tunnel segment connecting bolt. The method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a bolt to be tested, a stress meter, a lead and a waterproof gasket; one end of the stress meter is sleeved into the root of the bolt to be tested, a waterproof gasket is arranged at the other end of the stress meter, one end of the lead is connected with a resistance strain bridge in the stress meter, and the other end of the lead is connected with a strain data processing terminal; the stress gauge converts the strain quantity of the bolt into a voltage signal, the voltage signal output by the stress gauge is transmitted to the strain data processing terminal through a lead, and the strain data processing terminal processes the voltage signal and then detects the stress value of the bolt. The gasket type one-way stress meter adopted by the method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, light dead weight and easiness in installation, the efficiency of bolt stress test is improved, and the long-term monitoring on the large hexagon head connecting bolt of the shield tunnel segment can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of stress test of shield tunnel segments, in particular to a stress test method of shield tunnel segment connecting bolts.
Background
The connecting bolt for the pipe segments in the shield tunnel is a special fastener for connecting and fastening the pipe segments in the tunneling process of the shield tunneling machine, and a plurality of arched pipe segments can be connected into a ring through the bolt connection, so that the whole tunnel is supported. The pretightening force applied to the bolts enables the waterproof sealing gaskets between the segment joints to form contact pressure and have waterproof capacity, and meanwhile, the bolts bear tensile stress generated by water and soil pressure on the joint surfaces or earthquake action, so that the segment bolts determine the rigidity, deformation and waterproof performance of the tunnel structure to a great extent, and therefore, the segment bolts of the shield tunnel are very necessary to be subjected to stress test.
The stress test of the segment connecting bolt mainly adopts the following two methods; 1. the surface of the screw is pasted with the strain gauge for testing, but in the bolt fastening process, the strain gauge is tightly contacted with the inner wall of the concrete screw hole, the survival of components is difficult to ensure, the testing efficiency is low, and the cost is higher. 2. The groove is formed in the screw rod along the shaft, the strain gauge is placed in the groove, the strain sensor can be effectively protected and is not influenced by bolt fastening, but a lead of the strain gauge is not easy to lead out, the groove of the screw rod influences the mechanical property of the bolt, and the stress test result is not accurate enough. In addition, at present, no method for directly testing the actual stress value of the large hexagon head bolt during the connection of the duct piece exists in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a stress test method for a shield tunnel segment connecting bolt, which aims to overcome the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A stress test method for shield tunnel segment connecting bolts comprises the following steps:
sleeving one end of a stress meter (2) into the root of the bolt (1) to be tested, arranging a waterproof gasket (4) at the other end of the stress meter (2), connecting one end of a lead (3) with a resistance strain bridge in the stress meter (2), and connecting the other end of the lead (3) with a strain data processing terminal;
the stress gauge (2) converts the strain quantity of the bolt (1) into a voltage signal, the voltage signal output by the stress gauge (2) is transmitted to the strain data processing terminal through the lead (3), and the strain data processing terminal processes the voltage signal and then detects the stress value of the bolt (1).
Preferably, the bolt (1) is a large hexagon head bolt (1).
Preferably, the stress meter (2) is a shim type unidirectional stress meter (2).
Preferably, the stress meter (2) comprises a low-creep self-compensation sensor and a resistance strain bridge serving as a sensitive element, the sensor comprises high-strength spring steel or high-elasticity aluminum alloy, the resistance strain bridge comprises a self-compensation adhesive metal resistance strain gauge, and the sensor and the resistance strain bridge are subjected to adhesive protection and bridging.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the gasket type one-way stress meter adopted by the method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, light dead weight and easiness in installation, and the efficiency of bolt stress test is improved. Structural characteristics of a gasket type unidirectional stressometer; a connecting bolt stress testing method and a linkage relation between matched equipment. The long-term monitoring of the large hexagon-head connecting bolt of the shield tunnel segment can be realized, and the segment connecting bolt stress development law under the space-time characteristic is analyzed.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an installation of a stress testing component of a tube sheet connecting bolt provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where the installation includes: 1-large hexagon head bolt; 2-a gasket type one-way strain gauge; 3-a wire; 4-waterproof gasket.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be further explained by taking several specific embodiments as examples in conjunction with the drawings, and the embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an installation of a stress testing component of a tube sheet connecting bolt provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where the installation includes: the test device comprises a large hexagon head bolt 1 to be tested, a gasket type one-way stress gauge 2, a lead 3 and a waterproof gasket 4.
Different from the traditional strain gauge test mode, the gasket type unidirectional stressometer can greatly improve the survival rate and the test efficiency of components. Meanwhile, the stress meter is directly sleeved into the bolt for use, so that grooving on the bolt is avoided, and the mechanical property of the bolt is not influenced.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the bolt types of the large hexagon head bolt are only examples, and other existing or future bolt types may be suitable for the embodiments of the present invention, and are included in the scope of the present invention and are herein incorporated by reference.
The embodiment of the invention provides a stress testing method of a shield tunnel segment connecting bolt by using key testing devices such as a gasket type one-way stress meter, a waterproof gasket and the like, wherein the operation flow of the method comprises the following steps:
selecting a stress meter. The inner ring clearance size of the stress meter 2 is correctly selected according to the diameter of the bolt 1, the proper measuring range of the stress meter 2 is correctly selected according to the size of the measured one-way force value, and a certain overload allowance is reserved;
and mounting a stress meter. One end of the stress meter 2 is sleeved into the root of the bolt 1 to be tested, a waterproof gasket 4 is arranged at the other end of the stress meter 2, and the waterproof gasket 4 is tightly attached to the stress meter 2.
Tightening the bolt 1 by using a torque wrench to apply pretightening force;
and fixing the lead line. One end of a lead 3 is connected with a resistance strain bridge of a stress meter 2, and the lead 3 is led into a welded iron box from the root of the bolt 1 to protect a cable joint from being damaged;
and fourthly, monitoring. And the other end of the wire 3 is connected into a strain data processing terminal, and the strain data processing terminal detects a corresponding test value while applying external force.
Matters of attention
The stress meter 2 is arranged between the end of the bolt 1 and the waterproof gasket 4, the bolt 1 is screwed into the bolt hole by applying torsion, the required strength is moderate, the stress meter 2 is damaged due to too large torsion, the bolt 1 is loosened due to too small torsion, and the potential danger is formed by assembling the pipe sheets.
The stress meter 2 adopts a low-creep self-compensation sensor, the sensor adopts high-strength spring steel or high-elasticity aluminum alloy which is specially processed and formed, and then a high-precision self-compensation sticking type metal resistance strain gauge is selected as a sensitive element for strict sticking protection and bridging. An external force action towards the root direction of the bolt 1 is exerted on the bolt 1, the strain gauge 2 converts the strain quantity of the bolt 1 with non-electric quantity into a voltage signal to be output by utilizing the bridge arm and the addition and subtraction characteristics of the resistance strain bridge, and the voltage signal output by the strain gauge 2 is transmitted to the strain data processing terminal through the lead 3. The strain data processing terminal can process static, static and dynamic strain data, and detects the unidirectional stress value of the bolt 1 after processing the voltage signal by adopting a special software function.
The lead-out connecting wire 3 is a specially-made wire, is used for connecting resistance strain amplifiers or data acquisition systems of different types, and is subjected to strict moisture-proof sealing treatment.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a stress testing method for a shield tunnel segment large hexagon head connecting bolt, and a waterproof gasket is used for preventing a stress meter from rubbing with the surface of concrete, so that the stress meter is ensured to be stably used.
The adopted gasket type one-way stress meter has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, light dead weight and easy installation, and improves the efficiency of bolt stress test.
Structural characteristics of a gasket type unidirectional stressometer; a connecting bolt stress testing method and a linkage relation between matched equipment.
The long-term monitoring of the large hexagon-head connecting bolt of the shield tunnel segment can be realized, and the segment connecting bolt stress development law under the space-time characteristic is analyzed.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the figures are merely schematic representations of one embodiment, and the blocks or flow diagrams in the figures are not necessarily required to practice the present invention.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for apparatus or system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, they are described in relative terms, as long as they are described in partial descriptions of method embodiments. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus and system are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A stress test method for shield tunnel segment connecting bolts is characterized by comprising the following steps:
sleeving one end of a stress meter (2) into the root of the bolt (1) to be tested, arranging a waterproof gasket (4) at the other end of the stress meter (2), connecting one end of a lead (3) with a resistance strain bridge in the stress meter (2), and connecting the other end of the lead (3) with a strain data processing terminal;
the stress gauge (2) converts the strain quantity of the bolt (1) into a voltage signal, the voltage signal output by the stress gauge (2) is transmitted to the strain data processing terminal through the lead (3), and the strain data processing terminal processes the voltage signal and then detects the stress value of the bolt (1).
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the bolt (1) is a large hexagon head bolt (1).
3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the strain gage (2) is a shim-type unidirectional strain gage (2).
4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the strain gauge (2) comprises a low creep, self-compensating sensor comprising high-strength spring steel or high-elasticity aluminium alloy and a resistive strain bridge as sensing element comprising a self-compensating adhesive metal resistive strain gauge, the sensor and the resistive strain bridge being adhesively protected and bridged.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010435694.7A CN111678627A (en) | 2020-05-21 | 2020-05-21 | Stress test method for shield tunnel segment connecting bolt |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010435694.7A CN111678627A (en) | 2020-05-21 | 2020-05-21 | Stress test method for shield tunnel segment connecting bolt |
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| CN111678627A true CN111678627A (en) | 2020-09-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010435694.7A Pending CN111678627A (en) | 2020-05-21 | 2020-05-21 | Stress test method for shield tunnel segment connecting bolt |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112596441A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-02 | 广东启泰传感科技有限公司 | Railway turnout transverse bolt anti-loosening monitoring system and monitoring method |
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