CN107211814A - A kind of dust storm forward position Oasis economy shelter-forest implantation methods - Google Patents
A kind of dust storm forward position Oasis economy shelter-forest implantation methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN107211814A CN107211814A CN201710604938.8A CN201710604938A CN107211814A CN 107211814 A CN107211814 A CN 107211814A CN 201710604938 A CN201710604938 A CN 201710604938A CN 107211814 A CN107211814 A CN 107211814A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of dust storm forward position oasis protection forest implantation methods, this method selection extreme arid desert region oasis forward position carries out the plantation of shelter-forest directly facing desert without vegetation area.This method uses selection of land, lays drip irrigation pipe, and different plants configurations are planted, irrigated, and management process is completed.The present invention uses different plant species collocation forestation method, its advantage is this elite stand method according to different plant characteristics in the Wind-sandy Area forward position of Extremely arid area, sand storm protection system can effectively be built up, the sandstorm inside wind speed, preventing and treating oasis is significantly reduced, improves agroecological environment.Arranged in pairs or groups by different plants, add the diversity of species, prevent and treat pest and disease damage, meanwhile, Chinese tamarisk and the big rue of sacsaoul inoculation can be brought certain economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
It is husky area's dust storm forward position Oasis economy shelter-forest plantation side of Extremely arid area the present invention relates to afforestation technology field
Method
Background technology
District oasis protection system is the protective barrier in oasis, is that oasis production and the important guarantee lived are anti-in oasis
The selection of plant species is crucial in shield System Construction.The plant of checking winds and fixing drifting sand of selection adaptation by force is arid biogeographic zone Eco-farming shelterbelt system
The basic premise that protection benefit is played.Meanwhile, rational configuration and distribution are also vital.
Shelter-forest should possess the features such as protection benefit good, economic value is high, strong stress resistance, water saving.Therefore, this method is adopted
The water-saving method irrigated with dropper, meanwhile, focus on the selection and configuration of nursery stock kind.
Selection of seedling:
Husky honey raisin tree:Husky honey raisin tree is polygonaceae shrub.It is distributed across northern China desert, a kind of Major Sand-fixing of half-desert is planted
Thing.Husky honey raisin tree has the characteristics of growth is fast, easily breeding, drought-enduring, weather-proof, resistance to sand are buried, and is excellent exploiting species of checking winds and fixing drifting sand.Cause
This, according to husky honey raisin tree growth characteristic, the first band for selecting it to be shelter-forest plays resistance sand, the wind speed effect of reduction near surface.
Diversiform-leaved poplar:Diversiform-leaved poplar is Salicaceae, a kind of plant of Populus, is the medium-sized natural arbor of fallen leaves, diameter is up to 1.5 meters, tree
It is dry logical straight, it is high 10-15 meters.Drought-enduring waterlogging, life is indomitable, is grown in extremely non-irrigated Desert Regions.According to diversiform-leaved poplar it is tall and big the features such as, select it
For the second band of shelter-forest, reduction wind speed is played, the effect such as sand and dust is prevented.
Chinese tamarisk:Tamarix, be desert area salinization, sandy soil and river lakeshore dune-fixating forestation and saline land greening make
The fine tree species of woods, are the key species and constructive species in Tarim Basin desert, semi desert ecosystem, are planted in China's desert
Occupy critical role by and be distributed in NORTHWEST CHINA arid, Extremely arid area, buried with drought resisting, cold-resistant, high temperature resistant, resistance to sand, resistance to
The good characteristics such as saline and alkaline, strong adaptability, are arid, one of main seeds of Extreme Dry drought and sand area afforestation, except check winds and fix drifting sand with
Outside, the host plant of Tamarix ramosissima or sand industry inoculating tube flower herba cistanches, is widely used in forestry and ecological construction.
Sacsaoul:Sacsaoul, is a kind of Chenopodiaceae, sacsaoul platymiscium, is the long sand-fixation plant on sand ground.Sacsaoul is distributed in China
Northwest drought, Extremely arid area, are buried, the good characteristic such as Salt And Alkali Tolerance, strong adaptability with drought resisting, cold-resistant, high temperature resistant, resistance to sand, are
One of arid, main seeds of Extreme Dry drought and sand area afforestation, in addition to checking winds and fixing drifting sand, sacsaoul or sand industry inoculation desert meat
The host plant of desert cistanche, is widely used in forestry and ecological construction.
According to sacsaoul and Chinese tamarisk feature, select its be shelter-forest third and fourth, five bands, be able to can both be connect again with sand-proof
Big rue is planted, economic benefit is brought.In order to be inoculated with, the need for production, it plants into wide-and narrow-row.
The structure configuration of shelter-forest, by model in wind tunnel, employs species close under being dredged on prevailing wind direction direction and takes
The Optimized intercropping configuration pattern matched somebody with somebody.
So far, Chinese patent (A of CN 102283072) discloses vertical configuration method for protection forest system, to region
Vegetation distribution situation, group species are built to candidate and carry out clustering, specific kind is not related to.Chinese patent (CN
103563629A) disclose a kind of degeneration grassland protection forest and build the method formed a complete and comprehensive system for collecting real estate fees, with forest belt, grid, sparse woods, piece woods
The form that tall shrub is combined carries out degeneration grassland protection forest system integrated configuration;Drought-enduring, strong stress resistance the seeds of selection make
For Degenerated pasture reproducting tree species;Drought-relief site preparation and four seasons afforestation supporting technology are carried out to Degenerated pasture.Chinese patent
The planting and establishing method of (CN 105191744A) arid-desert area oasis protection forest, this method disclosure of the invention arid-desert area oasis
The planting and establishing method of shelter-forest, is that selection arid-desert area Edge of Oasis has Sha Yuan, the region that rainfall is more than 100mm is protected
Woods first band to the 6th band planting.Chinese patent (A of CN 102318536) is bright to be related to a kind of district oasis shelter-forest more
New remodeling method, this method carries out clear felling in the ranks in dust storm forward position to original Xinjiang poplar forest belt, and existing shelter-forest is changed
Make.
The regional environment and other inventions of the present invention is quite different, mainly for husky area's dust storm forward position of Extremely arid area,
There is provided a kind of method of the economic shelter-forest plantation of arid oasis.Meanwhile, according to the characteristics of different tree species, it is placed on different positions
Put, plant different seeds, add protection forest land bio-diversity, prevent pest and disease damage.Adding several can produce
Raw economic seeds, not only act as protective action, also increase economic well-being of workers and staff.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of dust storm forward position Oasis economy shelter-forest implantation methods, this method is using choosing
Ground, lays drip irrigation pipe, and different plants configurations are planted, irrigated, and management process is completed.The present invention is in the Wind-sandy Area of Extremely arid area
Forward position, uses different plant species collocation forestation method, its advantage be this elite stand method according to different plant characteristics, can effectively build
Into dust storm protection system, the sandstorm inside wind speed, preventing and treating oasis is significantly reduced, improves agroecological environment.Pass through
Different plant collocation, adds the diversity of species, prevents and treats pest and disease damage, meanwhile, Chinese tamarisk and sacsaoul are inoculated with big rue and can given
Bring certain economic benefit.
A kind of dust storm forward position Oasis economy shelter-forest implantation methods of the present invention, are carried out in the steps below:
A, selection of land:The Extremely arid area less than 40mm in rainfall is selected, on the prevailing wind direction of oasis forefront, without vegetation
Desert shifting sand area be reproducing area;
B, plants configuration:First band is husky honey raisin tree, and the second band is Xinjiang poplar, diversiform-leaved poplar or desert mulberry, the 3rd band for Chinese tamarisk with
Sacsaoul row is mixed to be handed over, and the 4th band is Chinese tamarisk and sacsaoul Mixed in belt, and the 5th band is handed over for Chinese tamarisk and sacsaoul sheet are mixed;
C, laying drip irrigation:Drip irrigation pipe is laid on reproducing area, according to the plants configuration in step b, drip irrigation pipe, first is laid
Band 2 meters of line-spacing, second band 1 meter of line-spacing, the 3rd band be wide-and narrow-row, 4 meters of wide row line-spacing, 1 meter of narrow row line-spacing, the 4th band be width
OK, 4 meters of wide row line-spacing, 1 meter of narrow row line-spacing, the 5th band is wide-and narrow-row, 4 meters of wide row line-spacing, 1 meter of narrow row line-spacing;
D, plantation:Sowing time selects dripped 6 hours to the first dropper at present that plants seedlings from early April, is planted mid-March in spring, every
Long a width of 40cm is dug in individual dropper water dropper humid region, and the small of various plants is planted in deep 30cm hole according to the plants configuration in step b
Seedling, spacing in the rows is 1 meter, bankets and treads after plantation;
E, irrigation:Irrigated at once after plantation, drip irrigation 10 hours, afterwards drip irrigation 1 time weekly, each drip irrigation 10 hours, 1 month
Afterwards, seedling is survived, monthly drip irrigation 1 time, each drip irrigation 10 hours;
F, management:Sow Second Year after manage, every month drip irrigation 1 time, drip irrigation 10-12 hour, meanwhile, the 3rd with,
Inoculating cistanche salsa on 4th band and the 5th band sacsaoul and Chinese tamarisk.
A kind of dust storm forward position Oasis economy shelter-forest implantation methods of the present invention, the beneficial effect of this method:
Comprehensive organism protection system is built under the condition of drip irrigation of hotan regional oasis forward position shifting sand area, forms different
The configuring technical and administrative skill of thing plant species.Species configuration technology mode be:The periphery configuration multirow sand honey raisin tree band in oasis,
First of barrier of protection system is constituted, plays a part of resistance sand and fixes the sand;The second barrier of protection system is made up of diversiform-leaved poplar, is risen
To further sand break and fixation function;Protection system third and fourth, five band barriers be made up of Chinese tamarisk and sacsaoul, play preferably
Sand break and fixation function, and have obvious economic output (Cistanche tubulosa and Desert Herba Cistanches), this is ecological protective screen economic output
Main part.
Direct economic benefit:
Chinese tamarisk inoculating tube flower herba cistanches, per mu yield (fresh weight) 150kg to 220kg, based on 8 yuan/kg of market procurement price, per mu yield value
1760 yuan are brought up to by original 1200 yuan.Sacsaoul inoculating tube flower herba cistanches, per mu yield (fresh weight) 150kg to 220kg, are received by market
15 yuan/kg of purchase valency is counted, and per mu yield value brings up to 3500 yuan by original 2400 yuan.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Oasis economy shelter-forest cropping pattern figure in dust storm forward position of the present invention, wherein 1 represents first band, 2 represent second
Band, 3 represent the 3rd bands, and 4 represent the 4th bands, and 5 represent the 5th bands ,-△-for husky honey raisin tree ,- -it is Xinjiang poplar, diversiform-leaved poplar or sand
Unconcerned mulberry ,-zero-it is sacsaoul ,-●-Chinese tamarisk;
Fig. 2 is shelter-forest picture of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is not limited by following embodiments, can technique according to the invention scheme and actual conditions it is specific to determine
Embodiment.
The present invention belongs to warm temperate zone arid desert weather in hotan county.12.2 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, makes a clear distinction between the four seasons, the summer is long
Autumn is short, spring is windy, winter not severe cold, millimeter/year of precipitation 33.5, northern desert area only 12 millimeters/year, year evaporation capacity 2835
Millimeter/year.
Embodiment 1
A, selection of land:The Extremely arid area less than 40mm in rainfall is selected, on the prevailing wind direction of oasis forefront, without vegetation
Desert shifting sand area be reproducing area;
B, plants configuration:First band is husky honey raisin tree, and the second band is diversiform-leaved poplar, and the 3rd band is handed over for Chinese tamarisk and sacsaoul row are mixed, the 4th
Band is Chinese tamarisk and sacsaoul Mixed in belt, and the 5th band hands over (Fig. 1) for Chinese tamarisk and sacsaoul sheet are mixed, adds bio-diversity, prevent
Pest and disease damage occurs;
C, laying drip irrigation:Drip irrigation pipe is laid on reproducing area, according to the plants configuration in step b, drip irrigation pipe, first is laid
Band 2 meters of line-spacing, second band 1 meter of line-spacing, the 3rd band be wide-and narrow-row, 4 meters of wide row line-spacing, 1 meter of narrow row line-spacing, the 4th band be width
OK, 4 meters of wide row line-spacing, 1 meter of narrow row line-spacing, the 5th band is wide-and narrow-row, 4 meters of wide row line-spacing, 1 meter of narrow row line-spacing;
D, plantation:Sowing time selects dripped 6 hours to the first dropper at present that plants seedlings from early April, is planted mid-March in spring, every
Long a width of 40cm is dug in individual dropper water dropper humid region, and the small of various plants is planted in deep 30cm hole according to the plants configuration in step b
Seedling, spacing in the rows is 1 meter, bankets and treads after plantation, is noted simultaneously, should row triangular in shape between three seedlings between two rows
Row;
E, irrigation:Irrigated at once after plantation, drip irrigation 10 hours, afterwards drip irrigation 1 time weekly, each drip irrigation 10 hours, 1 month
Afterwards, seedling is survived, monthly drip irrigation 1 time, each drip irrigation 10 hours;
F, management:Sow Second Year after manage, every month drip irrigation 1 time, drip irrigation 10 hours, meanwhile, the 3rd band, the 4th
Inoculating cistanche salsa on band and the 5th band sacsaoul and Chinese tamarisk.
Embodiment 2
A, selection of land:The Extremely arid area less than 40mm in rainfall is selected, on the prevailing wind direction of oasis forefront, without vegetation
Desert shifting sand area be reproducing area;
B, plants configuration:First band is husky honey raisin tree, and the second band is diversiform-leaved poplar, and the 3rd band is handed over for Chinese tamarisk and sacsaoul row are mixed, the 4th
Band is Chinese tamarisk and sacsaoul Mixed in belt, and the 5th band hands over (Fig. 1) for Chinese tamarisk and sacsaoul sheet are mixed, adds bio-diversity, prevent
Pest and disease damage occurs;
C, laying drip irrigation:Drip irrigation pipe is laid on reproducing area, according to the plants configuration in step b, drip irrigation pipe, first is laid
Band 2 meters of line-spacing, second band 1 meter of line-spacing, the 3rd band be wide-and narrow-row, 4 meters of wide row line-spacing, 1 meter of narrow row line-spacing, the 4th band be width
OK, 4 meters of wide row line-spacing, 1 meter of narrow row line-spacing, the 5th band is wide-and narrow-row, 4 meters of wide row line-spacing, 1 meter of narrow row line-spacing;
D, plantation:Sowing time selects dripped 6 hours to the first dropper at present that plants seedlings from early April, is planted mid-March in spring, every
Long a width of 40cm is dug in individual dropper water dropper humid region, and the small of various plants is planted in deep 30cm hole according to the plants configuration in step b
Seedling, spacing in the rows is 1 meter, bankets and treads after plantation, is noted simultaneously, should row triangular in shape between three seedlings between two rows
Row;
E, irrigation:Irrigated at once after plantation, drip irrigation 10 hours, afterwards drip irrigation 1 time weekly, each drip irrigation 10 hours, 1 month
Afterwards, seedling is survived, monthly drip irrigation 1 time, each drip irrigation 10 hours;
F, management:Sow Second Year after manage, every month drip irrigation 1 time, drip irrigation 11 hours, meanwhile, the 3rd band, the 4th
Inoculating cistanche salsa on band and the 5th band sacsaoul and Chinese tamarisk.
Embodiment 3
A, selection of land:The Extremely arid area less than 40mm in rainfall is selected, on the prevailing wind direction of oasis forefront, without vegetation
Desert shifting sand area be reproducing area;
B, plants configuration:First band is husky honey raisin tree, and the second band is desert mulberry, and the 3rd band is handed over for Chinese tamarisk and sacsaoul row are mixed, the
Four bands are Chinese tamarisk and sacsaoul Mixed in belt, and the 5th band hands over (Fig. 1) for Chinese tamarisk and sacsaoul sheet are mixed, adds bio-diversity, prevent
Only pest and disease damage occurs;
C, laying drip irrigation:Drip irrigation pipe is laid on reproducing area, according to the plants configuration in step b, drip irrigation pipe, first is laid
Band 2 meters of line-spacing, second band 1 meter of line-spacing, the 3rd band be wide-and narrow-row, 4 meters of wide row line-spacing, 1 meter of narrow row line-spacing, the 4th band be width
OK, 4 meters of wide row line-spacing, 1 meter of narrow row line-spacing, the 5th band is wide-and narrow-row, 4 meters of wide row line-spacing, 1 meter of narrow row line-spacing;
D, plantation:Sowing time selects dripped 6 hours to the first dropper at present that plants seedlings from early April, is planted mid-March in spring, every
Long a width of 40cm is dug in individual dropper water dropper humid region, and the small of various plants is planted in deep 30cm hole according to the plants configuration in step b
Seedling, spacing in the rows is 1 meter, bankets and treads after plantation, is noted simultaneously, should row triangular in shape between three seedlings between two rows
Row;
E, irrigation:Irrigated at once after plantation, drip irrigation 10 hours, afterwards drip irrigation 1 time weekly, each drip irrigation 10 hours, 1 month
Afterwards, seedling is survived, monthly drip irrigation 1 time, each drip irrigation 10 hours;
F, management:Sow Second Year after manage, every month drip irrigation 1 time, drip irrigation 12 hours, meanwhile, the 3rd band, the 4th
Inoculating cistanche salsa on band and the 5th band sacsaoul and Chinese tamarisk.
A kind of dust storm forward position Oasis economy shelter-forest implantation methods of the present invention, with field oasis forward position shifting sand area
Comprehensive organism protection system is built under condition of drip irrigation, the configuration of not jljl plant species is formed.Species configuration pattern be:In oasis
Periphery configuration multirow sand honey raisin tree band, constitutes first of barrier of protection system, plays a part of resistance sand and fixes the sand;The of protection system
Two road barriers are made up of diversiform-leaved poplar, play further sand break and fixation function;Protection system third and fourth, five band barriers by Chinese tamarisk
Constituted with sacsaoul, play more preferable sand break and fixation function, and have an obvious economic output (Cistanche tubulosa and Desert Herba Cistanches),
This is the main part of ecological protective screen economic output, adds farmers' income.The method of the invention is passed through in Hotan Prefecture and field
Ji Ya townshiies of county oasis forward position shifting sand area is applied, and with stronger adaptability and implementation result, its work(has been played now
Energy.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of dust storm forward position Oasis economy shelter-forest implantation methods, it is characterised in that carry out in the steps below:
A, selection of land:Select the Extremely arid area less than 40mm in rainfall, on the prevailing wind direction of oasis forefront, the sand without vegetation
Unconcerned shifting sand area is reproducing area;
B, plants configuration:First band is husky honey raisin tree, and the second band is Xinjiang poplar, diversiform-leaved poplar or desert mulberry, and the 3rd band is Chinese tamarisk and sacsaoul
Row is mixed to be handed over, and the 4th band is Chinese tamarisk and sacsaoul Mixed in belt, and the 5th band is handed over for Chinese tamarisk and sacsaoul sheet are mixed;
C, laying drip irrigation:Drip irrigation pipe is laid on reproducing area, according to the plants configuration in step b, drip irrigation pipe, first band row is laid
Away from 2 meters, the second 1 meter of line-spacing of band, the 3rd band is wide-and narrow-row, 4 meters of wide row line-spacing, and 1 meter of narrow row line-spacing, the 4th band is wide-and narrow-row, wide
Every trade is away from 4 meters, and 1 meter of narrow row line-spacing, the 5th band is wide-and narrow-row, 4 meters of wide row line-spacing, 1 meter of narrow row line-spacing;
D, plantation:Sowing time selects dripped 6 hours to the first dropper at present that plants seedlings from early April, is planted mid-March in spring, in each drop
Long a width of 40cm is dug in pipe water dropper humid region, and the seedling of various plants is planted in deep 30cm hole according to the plants configuration in step b,
Spacing in the rows is 1 meter, bankets and treads after plantation;
E, irrigation:Irrigated at once after plantation, drip irrigation 10 hours, afterwards drip irrigation 1 time weekly, each drip irrigation is after 10 hours, 1 month,
Seedling is survived, monthly drip irrigation 1 time, each drip irrigation 10 hours;
F, management:Sow Second Year after manage, every month drip irrigation 1 time, drip irrigation 10-12 hour, meanwhile, the 3rd with, the 4th
Big rue is inoculated with band and the 5th band sacsaoul and Chinese tamarisk.
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CN108718851A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-11-02 | 新疆农垦科学院 | A kind of implantation methods of northwest Desert Regions shelter-forest |
CN109644762A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-04-19 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | A kind of feeding sacsaoul sand-fixation forest low-density planting and establishing method of rain |
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