CN114793732A - Cultivation method for increasing planting survival rate of atriplex canescens in desert - Google Patents
Cultivation method for increasing planting survival rate of atriplex canescens in desert Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/04—Machines for making or covering holes for sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0243—Protective shelters for young plants, e.g. tubular sleeves
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G2013/0218—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings for removing
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cultivation method for improving planting survival rate of atriplex canescens in desert, which comprises the following steps: selecting land and seedling: selecting fixed or semi-fixed dunes and slightly salinized soil for atriplex canescens forestation; selecting a atriplex canescens strong seedling as a forestation seedling; lay and drip irrigation: 1 drip irrigation pipe is laid at intervals of 3 meters, and drip irrigation is laid in a mode that the distance between water outlet holes is 1-2 meters; the cultivation and field planting: digging a planting pit below each water outlet along the drip irrigation tape in spring and autumn, and planting atriplex canescens; fourth, protecting the seedlings: adopting a protection device to protect the newly planted atriplex canescens seedlings; and fifthly, carrying out supplementary irrigation. The invention aims at the main environmental factors and interferences which influence the survival of the atriplex canescens, reduces the harm of the factors and the interferences through corresponding measures, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the survival rate of the atriplex canescens, and further providing necessary technical support for the large-area popularization and planting of the atriplex canescens.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of artificial cultivation of desert vegetation, in particular to a cultivation method for improving planting survival rate of atriplex canescens in desert.
Background
In recent years, ecological construction and ecological protection work are greatly promoted in northwest arid areas of China, the quality of ecological environment is gradually improved, ecological management systems are continuously improved, the management capability is continuously improved, and the ecological civilized construction of the arid areas is promoted to take a new step. Particularly, the method has the remarkable achievement in the aspect of desertification prevention and control, greatly improves and optimizes the ecological environment conditions of the desert and the surrounding areas while lightening the sand wind hazard of arid areas. However, in recent years, new problems have been developed, such as extensive degradation of artificial vegetation constructed in the early stages of desert areas.
At present, common artificial vegetation used in desertification control mainly comprises haloxylon ammodendron, tamarix chinensis, Calligonum mongolicum, tarragon and the like, the number of species is small, and the ecological adaptability is limited by regional natural conditions such as rainfall, temperature and the like. In most regions, only species with high survival rate and strong regional adaptability are often selected to ensure quick response and reduce cost when desertification control is carried out. Therefore, in the case of single species large-area planting in the same region, the forestation and scale formation can be rapidly realized in the early stage, but the problems of plant aging, low diversity and the like are caused in the later stage, so that the vegetation degradation and the stability of an ecosystem are reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce and screen new wind-proof and sand-fixing vegetation to solve the problem of single species of artificial vegetation in desert regions, so as to effectively prevent the artificial vegetation in desert regions from degrading.
Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt.) genus Chenopodiaceae genus evergreen or quasi-evergreen shrub, native to the middle and western region of the United states, is a good feed shrub with drought and cold resistance, barren resistance, saline and alkaline resistance and rich nutrition, bred by multiple units such as agricultural test station of the United states Colorado State university, mountain forest and pasture test station of the agricultural department, and the like, and selected in 25 years. The atriplex canescens has extremely strong drought and barren resistance characteristics, and can still normally grow in barren areas with annual rainfall below 350 mm and annual average temperature of about 5 ℃, even extreme lowest temperature of-40 ℃. The atriplex canescens has developed root system, has good fixing effect on soil, and can effectively reduce water and soil loss of cultivation land. The atriplex canescens has the beauty of a biological desalter, can still maintain the normal growth of the atriplex canescens under the condition of high-salinity soil, and can secrete a large amount of absorbed salt to the outside of the body, thereby effectively reducing the salt content of the soil. In a word, the atriplex canescens is an excellent pioneer tree species, not only can provide a good soil foundation for the survival and succession of other plants on the barren soil, but also can promote the recovery of vegetation in a soil degradation area, so that the atriplex canescens can be used as a biological barrier for effectively preventing wind and sand from spreading in a desertification area with severe ecological conditions.
In addition, the atriplex canescens has rich nutrient content and extremely high feeding value. Atriplex canescens belongs to the fast-growing plants, the overground part can be quickly recovered to grow after being damaged, the quantity of the covered leaves is large, branches are not thorny, the palatability is good, and the atriplex canescens can be eaten by animals all the year round. In arid and semi-arid barren areas, the cultivation of the atriplex canescens can promote the development of related animal husbandry to a certain extent, thereby realizing win-win of ecological benefit and economic benefit. Moreover, the exploration of grafting the valuable medicinal material cistanche salsa on the atriplex canescens has been successful in Gansu and Xinjiang, and the economic benefit is obvious.
The atriplex canescens has great application potential in the improvement and recovery of wind prevention, sand fixation, degradation pasture and saline-alkali land in the desert and semi-desert regions, and is introduced into countries such as Australia, south Africa, north Africa, Israel, India and the like. China was introduced from the United states at the end of the last eighties, and the breeding test was performed successively in Qinghai, Xinjiang, Ningxia, Gansu, inner Mongolia and other places. Although atriplex canescens has been introduced into China for many years, the planting and retention areas are small, and the atriplex canescens is not popularized in a large area. The main reason is that the atriplex canescens has higher requirements on the cultivation technology and later-period management, and the current cultivation technology is not mature, so that the planting survival rate is low, and the atriplex canescens is difficult to be applied as a pioneer species for regional wind prevention and sand fixation.
At present, atriplex canescens is mainly cultivated and planted by indoor cutting seedling and field planting. The atriplex canescens is influenced by external factors after field planting, the planting survival rate is low, and three main factors limit the survival after field planting. Firstly, under the moisture condition, once the atriplex canescens is planted and survived, the atriplex canescens can completely depend on natural rainfall to ensure the normal growth and development of the atriplex canescens; however, the water demand in the initial stage of field planting is relatively high, certain supplementary irrigation is needed to ensure the growth and development of the seedlings, and the seedlings die due to water shortage under relatively arid soil conditions and high soil evaporation. And secondly, the erosion of wind and sand, which is one of the main hazards in vegetation construction in desert regions, is relatively strong in wind erosion near the surface of the earth in spring and autumn cultivation, has prominent problems of sand cutting and sand burying, and can not survive due to poor resistance to the erosion of wind and sand. And thirdly, wild animals gnaw, and since the atriplex canescens has better palatability, seedlings of the atriplex canescens are easily eaten by the wild animals after being planted, and the atriplex canescens plants after being eaten can not grow normally, thereby dying in a large area.
Therefore, at present, there is a need to further optimize and improve the atriplex canescens cultivation technology, increase the planting survival rate and reduce the planting cost, so that the ecological and economic benefits can be truly exerted, and the contribution is made to the regional ecological construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a cultivation method for improving planting survival rate of atriplex canescens in desert.
In order to solve the problems, the cultivation method for improving the planting survival rate of the atriplex canescens in the desert comprises the following steps:
selecting land and seedling:
selecting fixed or semi-fixed dunes and slightly salinized soil for atriplex canescens forestation; selecting a atriplex canescens strong seedling as a forestation seedling; meanwhile, the seedling-lifting time is selected from the early spring season from 3 months to the early spring season before germination or the autumn season after the dormancy of the tree body in the middle and last 10 months;
lay and drip irrigation:
1 drip irrigation pipe is laid at intervals of 3 meters, and drip irrigation is laid in a mode that the distance between water outlet holes is 1-2 meters;
the cultivation and field planting:
digging a planting pit below each water outlet along the drip irrigation tape in spring and autumn, and planting atriplex canescens;
fourth, protecting the seedlings:
adopting a protection device to protect the newly planted atriplex canescens seedlings;
fifthly, supplementary irrigation:
and (3) performing field planting on the atriplex canescens by using a drip irrigation belt, and then performing supplementary irrigation for 3-4 times.
The method comprises the steps that the water content of soil is more than 2%, and the underground water level is 1-8 meters.
The method comprises the steps of preparing the atriplex canescens strong seedlings, wherein the atriplex canescens strong seedlings are seedlings which are disease-free in 1 year, 20-50 cm in plant height, more than 0.5 cm in main stem thickness, more than 3 roots, 25-35 cm in main root field and more than 50 cm in root width.
The width of the drip irrigation pipe is 3-5 centimeters in the step two, and the pressure resistance is 2-3 atmospheric pressures.
And step three, the diameter of the planting pit in the step three is 8-12 cm, and the depth is 25 cm.
The step four middle protection device is a common water bucket with the bottom removed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention adopts the drip irrigation technology, improves the soil moisture, effectively reduces the water evaporation, reduces the irrigation water consumption and improves the irrigation efficiency. In addition, the fertilizer can be conveniently dissolved in the drip irrigation, and certain nutrients can be supplemented to the atriplex canescens at proper time.
2. The invention adopts the common sampling drill to dig the four-wing atriplex canescens planting pit, improves the digging efficiency of the planting pit, and the size and specification of the planting pit are the same. In addition, digging the planting pits with the sampling drill reduces damage to surrounding soil and can reduce water evaporation loss caused by soil disturbance.
3. The invention adopts the protection device to protect after the planting of the atriplex canescens, and can play three roles simultaneously. Firstly, the evaporation of soil moisture can be effectively reduced, and the soil around the atriplex canescens planting pit can be kept moist for a long time; secondly, the sand erosion can be effectively prevented and controlled, and the sand erosion harm such as sand cutting, sand burying and the like can be effectively resisted; and thirdly, the protective effect on wild animals such as hares, chinchillas and the like is good, and the wild animals can be effectively prevented from gnawing atriplex canescens seedlings. The mode protects external factors causing death of the atriplex canescens after field planting to the maximum extent, and can improve the survival rate of the atriplex canescens to more than 95%.
4. The protective device is formed by simply processing the water taking barrel which can be purchased in the market, the materials are convenient to obtain, and the cost is lower because the materials are not required and the materials with low price can be selected. Meanwhile, the protective device only needs to remove the bottom of the water bucket during processing, so that labor and time are saved. The implementation process is simple, has no special technical and normative requirements, and is simple and easy to implement. In addition, the protective material can be weathered and degraded after the atriplex canescens nursery stock is planted, and has no influence on the atriplex canescens.
5. The invention aims at the main environmental factors and interferences which influence the survival of the atriplex canescens, reduces the harm of the factors and the interferences through corresponding measures, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the survival rate of the atriplex canescens, and further providing necessary technical support for the large-area popularization and planting of the atriplex canescens.
Drawings
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a general soil sampler of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the protection device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-bottom; 2-common bucket.
Detailed Description
A cultivation method for improving planting survival rate of atriplex canescens in desert comprises the following steps:
selecting land and seedling:
selecting fixed or semi-fixed sand dunes with soil water content of more than 2% and underground water level of 1-8 m and slightly salinized soil for atriplex canescens afforestation; the floating sand dune is not easy to be selected to plant the atriplex canescens.
Selecting a atriplex canescens strong seedling which is 1 year-old and has no disease, the plant height of 20-50 cm, the main stem thickness of more than 0.5 cm, more than 3 root systems, the main root field of 25-35 cm and the root width of more than 50 cm as an afforestation seedling; meanwhile, the seedling-lifting time is selected from the early spring season from 3 months to the early spring season before germination or the autumn season after the dormancy of the tree body in the middle and last 10 months; when lifting seedlings, the root system needs to be kept complete.
Lay and drip irrigation:
drip irrigation is adopted for the atriplex canescens, and drip irrigation pipes with the width of 3-5 cm and the pressure resistance of 2-3 atmospheric pressures are selected. Lay 1 and drip irrigation the pipe according to 3 meters at an interval, and the apopore interval is driped irrigation and is laid for the mode of 1~2 meters.
The distance between the drip irrigation pipes and the distance between the water outlets determine the planting density of the atriplex canescens, and the distance and the hole pitch of the atriplex canescens can also be determined after the proper density is determined according to regional precipitation, underground water level and soil conditions. The height and the crown width of the atriplex canescens after the forestation can reach more than 2 meters, so the planting density is not easy to be too large, the canopy density after the forestation is increased, not only nutrient and water competition is caused, but also plant diseases and insect pests are easy to occur to cause vegetation degradation.
The cultivation and field planting:
digging planting pits below each water outlet along the drip irrigation belt in spring and autumn, and planting atriplex canescens.
The field planting of the atriplex canescens can be carried out in two seasons of spring and autumn, seedlings are raised and forested in spring, the water loss of the seedlings is less, and in addition, snow melting water is dissolved into a sand layer, so that the water absorption of the seedling root system is facilitated, and the survival rate is obviously higher than that in autumn. The afforestation time in autumn is at the end of autumn and at the beginning of winter, and is generally carried out from the bottom of 10 months to the beginning of 11 months.
During field planting, the field planting pits are dug along the drip irrigation tape below each water outlet hole, the depth, the size and the uniformity of the field planting pits can be guaranteed by adopting a common sampler to dig the field planting pits, soil disturbance can be reduced as much as possible, the soil structure is kept, and the standardization of the field planting pits is equivalently carried out. The soil sampler can be purchased or processed by self, and has the caliber of 8-12 cm and the depth of 25 cm (figure 1). When the soil sampler is used, the soil sampler is vertically inserted into soil and rotationally pressed into the soil, and after all drill bits of the sampler enter the soil, the sampler is slowly lifted out, so that a planting pit with the diameter of 8-12 cm and the depth of 25 cm is formed.
During field planting, 2-3 atriplex canescens seedlings are placed in a field planting pit, 3-4 kg of clear water is poured, and then backfilling is carried out. When backfilling, firstly filling wet sand for half, and then lifting seedlings while compacting, so as to ensure the root system to stretch; then backfilling wet sand and compacting until the sand is level to the ground; and finally covering the seedling base with dry sand. The backfill needs to be compacted to prevent a large amount of water from evaporating.
Fourth, protecting the seedlings:
and (4) adopting a protection device to protect the newly planted atriplex canescens seedlings. The guard means is a normal water tub 2 with the bottom 1 removed.
The protection device is simply processed by a water containing barrel which is available in the market and has low price. The bottom 1 of the water containing barrel is cut off, and the barrel is placed on the newly planted atriplex canescens in an inverted manner (figure 2). The device can effectively increase the soil moisture content in the protection range, reduce the temperature, reduce the soil evaporation, effectively protect the atriplex canescens from being eroded by wind and sand and being eaten by wild animals, and greatly improve the survival rate of the atriplex canescens.
Fifthly, supplementary irrigation:
and (3) performing supplementary irrigation on the atriplex canescens after field planting by using a drip irrigation tape for about 20 days or irrigating for 3-4 times according to the seedling condition.
The following comparative examples and examples were carried out by means of the national field scientific observation and research station of Lingzhou Farmland of the Chinese academy of sciences.
Comparative example 1:
the test adopts the traditional atriplex canescens planting method for comparison with the related method provided by the invention, and the implementation process does not adopt drip irrigation, field planting pit excavation and protection devices, and the steps are as follows:
firstly, soil preparation and seedling selection:
in 3, in the middle ten days of the month, a test place after a fixed dune is selected and leveled at a research station of a watershed of a inland river in Linze, greenhouse self-cultivated atriplex canescens seedlings are selected, and all the seedlings are annual strong seedlings.
The method comprises the following steps of:
and 3, seedling lifting in the middle ten days of the month, and planting in the selected test field. Digging a planting pit by using a shovel, putting 2-3 atriplex canescens seedlings into the planting pit at a planting density, watering 3-4 kg of clear water, and backfilling. When backfilling, firstly filling wet sand for half, and then lifting seedlings while compacting, so as to ensure the root system to stretch; then backfilling wet sand and compacting until the sand is level to the ground; and finally covering the seedling base with dry sand. The backfill needs to be compacted to prevent a large amount of water from evaporating. The row spacing of the planting is 3 meters, and the planting spacing is 1.5 meters.
The third step of supplementary irrigation:
irrigating the atriplex canescens about 20 days after field planting according to the seedling condition, and irrigating for 7 times by adopting a large water flood irrigation mode, wherein each time is 80 square/mu.
After planting, the atriplex canescens is irrigated with 560 prescription together, the survival rate in the initial stage is 88%, the hares in the later stage bite a large area and die, and finally survive 34%.
Comparative example 2:
the test adopts the traditional atriplex canescens planting method for comparing with the related method provided by the invention, drip irrigation is adopted in the implementation process, but a planting pit digging and protecting device is not adopted, and the steps are as follows:
firstly, soil preparation and seedling selection:
and 3, selecting the adjacent land blocks in comparative example 1 in the middle ten days of the month, selecting self-cultured atriplex canescens seedlings in the greenhouse, and selecting all the seedlings to be annual strong seedlings.
Lay and drip irrigation:
drip irrigation is adopted for the atriplex canescens, and drip irrigation with the width of 3-5 cm and the pressure resistance of 2-3 atmospheric pressures is selected. The laying mode is that 1 drip irrigation pipe is laid at an interval of 3 meters, and the distance between water outlet holes is 1.5 meters.
The cultivation and field planting:
and 3, seedling lifting in the middle ten days of the month, and planting in the selected test field. Digging a planting pit at the water outlet of each drip irrigation zone by using a shovel, putting 2-3 atriplex canescens seedlings into the planting pit, watering 3-4 kg of clear water, and backfilling. When backfilling, firstly filling wet sand for half, and then lifting seedlings while compacting, so as to ensure the root system to stretch; then backfilling wet sand and compacting until the sand is level to the ground; and finally covering the seedling base with dry sand. The backfill needs to be compacted to prevent a large amount of water from evaporating.
Fourth supplementary irrigation:
irrigating the atriplex canescens about 20 days after field planting according to the seedling condition, and irrigating for 4 times by adopting a drip irrigation belt, wherein 50 square/mu is irrigated each time.
After planting, the atriplex canescens is irrigated for 200 prescriptions, the initial survival rate is 92 percent, the hares bite to die in a large area in the later period, and finally survive for 36 percent.
Comparative example 3:
the test adopts the traditional atriplex canescens planting method for comparison with the related method provided by the invention, and the implementation process does not adopt drip irrigation, field planting pit excavation and protection devices, and the steps are as follows:
firstly, soil preparation and seedling selection:
in 3 middle ten days of the month, selecting the adjacent plots of the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2, selecting self-breeding atriplex canescens seedlings in a greenhouse, and selecting all the seedlings to be annual strong seedlings.
Lay and drip irrigation:
drip irrigation is adopted for the atriplex canescens, and drip irrigation with the width of 3-5 cm and the pressure resistance of 2-3 atmospheric pressures is selected. The laying mode is that 1 drip irrigation pipe is laid at an interval of 3 meters, and the distance between water outlet holes is 1.5 meters.
The cultivation and field planting:
and 3, seedling lifting in the middle ten days of the month, and planting in the selected test field. During planting, a planting pit is dug below each water outlet hole along the drip irrigation tape by adopting a common sampler, the diameter of the planting pit is about 10 cm, and the depth of the planting pit is about 25 cm. Placing 2-3 atriplex canescens seedlings into a planting pit, watering 3-4 kg of clear water, and backfilling. When backfilling, firstly filling wet sand for half, and then lifting seedlings while compacting, so as to ensure the root system to stretch; then backfilling wet sand and compacting until the sand is level to the ground; and finally covering the seedling base with dry sand. The backfill needs to be compacted to prevent a large amount of water from evaporating.
Fourth supplementary irrigation:
irrigating the atriplex canescens about 20 days after field planting according to the seedling condition, and irrigating for 4 times by adopting a drip irrigation belt, wherein the irrigation time is 50 square/mu each time.
After planting, the atriplex canescens is irrigated with 200 prescription together, the survival rate in the initial stage is 94%, the hares in the later stage eat and die in a large area, and finally survive for 44%.
Example (b):
firstly, soil preparation and seedling selection:
in 3 middle ten days of the month, selecting the adjacent plots of comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, selecting greenhouse self-breeding atriplex canescens seedlings, and selecting all the seedlings to be annual strong seedlings.
Lay and drip irrigation:
the atriplex canescens adopts drip irrigation, and drip irrigation with the width of 3-5 cm and the pressure resistance of 2-3 atmospheric pressures is selected. The laying mode is that 1 drip irrigation pipe is laid at an interval of 3 meters, and the distance between water outlet holes is 1.5 meters.
The cultivation and field planting:
and 3, seedling lifting in the middle ten days of the month, and planting in the selected test field. During planting, a planting pit is dug along the drip irrigation tape under each water outlet hole, a common sampler is adopted to dig the planting pit, the diameter of the planting pit is about 10 cm, and the depth of the planting pit is about 25 cm. Placing 2-3 atriplex canescens seedlings into a planting pit, watering 3-4 kg of clear water, and backfilling. When backfilling, firstly filling wet sand for half, and then lifting seedlings while compacting, so as to ensure the root system to stretch; then backfilling wet sand and compacting until the sand is level to the ground; and finally covering the seedling base with dry sand. The backfill needs to be compacted to prevent a large amount of water from evaporating.
Fourth, protecting the seedlings:
and (3) adopting a protective device to protect the newly planted atriplex canescens seedlings, and placing the protective device on the newly planted atriplex canescens seedlings in a buckling manner when in use.
Fifthly, supplementary irrigation:
irrigating the atriplex canescens about 20 days after field planting according to the seedling condition, and performing supplementary irrigation by adopting a drip irrigation belt, wherein the water is irrigated for 2 times, and each time is irrigated with 50 square/mu.
After planting, the atriplex canescens is irrigated with 100 formulas together, the survival rate at the initial stage is 98%, no hare is gnawed at the later stage, and the survival rate reaches 98%.
The irrigation water consumption and survival rate of the examples and comparative examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of irrigation water consumption and survival rate for different experimental examples
As can be seen from the table 1, compared with the cultivation method of the comparative example 1, the atriplex canescens cultivation method of the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the irrigation water consumption is reduced by 82%, and the survival rate is improved by 64%.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A cultivation method for improving planting survival rate of atriplex canescens in desert comprises the following steps:
selecting land and seedling:
selecting fixed or semi-fixed dunes and slightly salinized soil for atriplex canescens forestation; selecting a atriplex canescens strong seedling as a forestation seedling; meanwhile, the seedling-lifting time is selected from the early spring season from 3 months to the early spring season before germination or the autumn season after the dormancy of the tree body in the middle and last 10 months;
lay and drip irrigation:
1 drip irrigation pipe is laid at intervals of 3 meters, and drip irrigation is laid in a mode that the distance between water outlet holes is 1-2 meters;
the cultivation and field planting:
digging a planting pit below each water outlet along the drip irrigation tape in spring and autumn, and planting atriplex canescens;
fourth, protecting the seedlings:
adopting a protection device to protect the newly planted atriplex canescens seedlings;
fifthly, supplementary irrigation:
and (3) performing field planting on the atriplex canescens by using a drip irrigation belt, and then performing supplementary irrigation for 3-4 times.
2. The cultivation method for increasing planting survival rate of atriplex canescens in desert as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the steps that the water content of soil is more than 2%, and the underground water level is 1-8 meters.
3. The cultivation method for increasing planting survival rate of atriplex canescens in desert as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the steps of preparing the atriplex canescens strong seedlings, wherein the atriplex canescens strong seedlings are seedlings which are disease-free in 1 year, 20-50 cm in height, more than 0.5 cm in main stem thickness, more than 3 roots, 25-35 cm in main root field and more than 50 cm in root width.
4. The cultivation method for increasing planting survival rate of atriplex canescens in desert as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the width of the drip irrigation pipe is 3-5 centimeters in the step two, and the pressure resistance is 2-3 atmospheric pressures.
5. The cultivation method for increasing planting survival rate of atriplex canescens in desert as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and step three, the diameter of the planting pit in the step three is 8-12 cm, and the depth is 25 cm.
6. The cultivation method for increasing planting survival rate of atriplex canescens in desert as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the step four middle protection device is a common water bucket (2) with the bottom (1) removed.
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| CN101965788A (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2011-02-09 | 南京农业大学 | Method for improving survival rate of haloxylon seedlings |
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| CN101965788A (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2011-02-09 | 南京农业大学 | Method for improving survival rate of haloxylon seedlings |
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