CN107142748A - 一种抗菌防褪色的纺织染料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗菌防褪色的纺织染料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107142748A
CN107142748A CN201710531336.4A CN201710531336A CN107142748A CN 107142748 A CN107142748 A CN 107142748A CN 201710531336 A CN201710531336 A CN 201710531336A CN 107142748 A CN107142748 A CN 107142748A
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程明水
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种抗菌防褪色的纺织染料及其制备方法，由下列重量份的原料制成：天然染料原材料30‑50份、有机染色原料1‑3份、丁苯乳胶5‑10份、乙基纤维素1‑5份、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠10‑12份、5‑ 二氨基苯乙醇硫酸盐6‑10份、棕榈酸1‑4份、十二水合硫酸铝钾4‑7份、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐7‑9 份、季戊四醇1‑3份、角鲨烷1‑2份、三月桂胺3‑5份、氧铁红3‑6份、十二烷基磺酸钠1‑4份、酒石酸2‑5份、半胱氨酸1‑3份、脱乙酰壳聚糖多糖1‑2份、苄基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵1‑2份、偶联剂2‑5份、助剂1‑4份。制备而成的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料,其染料色彩持久不褪色，安全无刺激。同时，还公开了这种抗菌防褪色的纺织染料的制备方法。

Description

一种抗菌防褪色的纺织染料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及染色剂领域，特别涉及到一种抗菌防褪色的纺织染料及其制备方法。
背景技术
人们生活水平在不断的提高，纺织品的需求量也越来越大，纺织品的要求越来越高，对舒适度有了更高的要求，而且对纺织品的美观有了新的要求。纺织技术的不断发展，但染料却存在一些缺陷，采用大量的化学染料，对人体健康存在一定的安全隐患，皮肤会出现过敏现象，严重者具有致癌性，而且极易褪色。现有技术中，染色出来的织物在长期的洗涤日晒过程中，褪色较为明显，染色不牢固，适应不了人们对色彩的要求。目前，大多数染料工艺复杂，且需要技术过高，成本较高，生产过程副产品过多。目前，服装面料用染色剂染色效果不好，常常需要对其进行固色，但是一般的化工原料即使经过固色后，经多次水洗仍容易褪色。所以现在研制出一款抗菌防腿色的纺织染料来满足市场及行业的需求。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种抗菌防褪色的纺织染料及其制备方法，通过采用特定原料进行组合，配合相应的生产工艺，得到的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料，其染料色彩持久不褪色，安全无刺激，能够满足行业的要求，具有较好的应用前景。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现：
一种抗菌防褪色的纺织染料，由下列重量份的原料制成：天然染料原材料30-50份、有机染色原料1-3份、丁苯乳胶5-10份、乙基纤维素1-5份、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠10-12份、5-二氨基苯乙醇硫酸盐6-10份、棕榈酸1-4份、十二水合硫酸铝钾4-7份、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐7-9 份、季戊四醇1-3份、角鲨烷1-2份、三月桂胺3-5份、氧铁红3-6份、十二烷基磺酸钠1-4份、酒石酸2-5份、半胱氨酸1-3份、脱乙酰壳聚糖多糖1-2份、苄基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵1-2份、偶联剂2-5份、助剂1-4份。
优选地，所述天然染料原材料为蓼蓝、菘蓝、荩草、姜黄、紫草、龙胆、茜草、凤仙花、薯莨、五倍子中的一种或几种。
优选地，所述偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三（β-甲氧基乙氧基）硅烷、3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的任意一种。
优选地，所述助剂选自柠檬酸、新戊二醇、酒石酸、木质素磺酸钠中的任意一种或几种。
所述的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）按照重量份称取各原料；
（2）将天然染料原材料洗净、干燥、研磨至粉末，过300目筛；
（3）将步骤（2）中的粉末溶于等体积的去离子水中，超声分散，超声时间为45分钟，超声频率为220-250KW；
（4）将步骤（3）的超声分散混合物加热至45-60℃，再加入等体积的无水乙醇，加压蒸馏，得到冷凝的滤液；
（5）将丁苯乳胶、乙基纤维素、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠、5- 二氨基苯乙醇硫酸盐、棕榈酸、十二水合硫酸铝钾、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐、季戊四醇、角鲨烷、三月桂胺、偶联剂、助剂注入反应釜中，混合搅拌，搅拌速度为125-150转/分钟，反应时间为45分钟，反应温度为160-190℃；
（6）将步骤（5）中的反应物至于惰性气体环境下冷却至室温；
（7）往步骤（6）的冷却物中加入步骤（4）的冷凝滤液和有机染色原料、氧铁红、十二烷基磺酸钠、酒石酸、半胱氨酸、脱乙酰壳聚糖多糖、苄基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵混合均匀，注入发泡机，充分鼓起发泡，静置45分钟；
（8）将步骤（7）中的混合液过滤，压缩喷雾，得到粉末状的染料成品，分装即可。
优选地，所述惰性气体为二氧化碳。
本发明与现有技术相比，其有益效果为：
（1）本发明的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料，以天然染料原材料、丁苯乳胶、乙基纤维素、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠、5- 二氨基苯乙醇硫酸盐、棕榈酸、十二水合硫酸铝钾、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐、季戊四醇、角鲨烷、三月桂胺为主要成分，通过加入有机染色原料、氧铁红、十二烷基磺酸钠、酒石酸、半胱氨酸、脱乙酰壳聚糖多糖、苄基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵、偶联剂、助剂，辅以研磨过筛、超声分散、加压蒸馏、搅拌反应、冷却发泡、压缩喷雾等工艺，使得制备而成的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料，其染料色彩持久不褪色，安全无刺激，能够满足行业的要求，具有较好的应用前景。
（2）本发明的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料原料廉价、工艺简单，适于大规模工业化运用，实用性强。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
（1）按照重量份称取蓼蓝15份、菘蓝35份、有机染色原料1份、丁苯乳胶5份、乙基纤维素1份、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠10份、5- 二氨基苯乙醇硫酸盐6份、棕榈酸1份、十二水合硫酸铝钾4份、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐7 份、季戊四醇1份、角鲨烷1份、三月桂胺3份、氧铁红3份、十二烷基磺酸钠1份、酒石酸2份、半胱氨酸1份、脱乙酰壳聚糖多糖1份、苄基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵1份、γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷2-份、柠檬酸1份；
（2）将蓼蓝、菘蓝洗净、干燥、研磨至粉末，过300目筛；
（3）将步骤（2）中的粉末溶于等体积的去离子水中，超声分散，超声时间为45分钟，超声频率为220KW；
（4）将步骤（3）的超声分散混合物加热至45℃，再加入等体积的无水乙醇，加压蒸馏，得到冷凝的滤液；
（5）将丁苯乳胶、乙基纤维素、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠、5- 二氨基苯乙醇硫酸盐、棕榈酸、十二水合硫酸铝钾、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐、季戊四醇、角鲨烷、三月桂胺、γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、柠檬酸注入反应釜中，混合搅拌，搅拌速度为125转/分钟，反应时间为45分钟，反应温度为160℃；
（6）将步骤（5）中的反应物至于二氧化碳环境下冷却至室温；
（7）往步骤（6）的冷却物中加入步骤（4）的冷凝滤液和有机染色原料、氧铁红、十二烷基磺酸钠、酒石酸、半胱氨酸、脱乙酰壳聚糖多糖、苄基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵混合均匀，注入发泡机，充分鼓起发泡，静置45分钟；
（8）将步骤（7）中的混合液过滤，压缩喷雾，得到粉末状的染料成品，分装即可。
制得的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料的性能测试结果如表1所示。
实施例2
（1）按照重量份称取荩草10份、姜黄40份、有机染色原料2份、丁苯乳胶7份、乙基纤维素3份、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠11份、5- 二氨基苯乙醇硫酸盐7份、棕榈酸2份、十二水合硫酸铝钾5份、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐7 份、季戊四醇2份、角鲨烷1份、三月桂胺3份、氧铁红4份、十二烷基磺酸钠2份、酒石酸3份、半胱氨酸2份、脱乙酰壳聚糖多糖1份、苄基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵1份、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷3份、新戊二醇2份；
（2）将荩草、姜黄洗净、干燥、研磨至粉末，过300目筛；
（3）将步骤（2）中的粉末溶于等体积的去离子水中，超声分散，超声时间为45分钟，超声频率为230KW；
（4）将步骤（3）的超声分散混合物加热至50℃，再加入等体积的无水乙醇，加压蒸馏，得到冷凝的滤液；
（5）将丁苯乳胶、乙基纤维素、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠、5- 二氨基苯乙醇硫酸盐、棕榈酸、十二水合硫酸铝钾、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐、季戊四醇、角鲨烷、三月桂胺、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、新戊二醇注入反应釜中，混合搅拌，搅拌速度为130转/分钟，反应时间为45分钟，反应温度为170℃；
（6）将步骤（5）中的反应物至于二氧化碳环境下冷却至室温；
（7）往步骤（6）的冷却物中加入步骤（4）的冷凝滤液和有机染色原料、氧铁红、十二烷基磺酸钠、酒石酸、半胱氨酸、脱乙酰壳聚糖多糖、苄基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵混合均匀，注入发泡机，充分鼓起发泡，静置45分钟；
（8）将步骤（7）中的混合液过滤，压缩喷雾，得到粉末状的染料成品，分装即可。
制得的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料的性能测试结果如表1所示。
实施例3
（1）按照重量份称取紫草15份、龙胆20份、有机染色原料2份、丁苯乳胶9份、乙基纤维素4份、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠12份、5- 二氨基苯乙醇硫酸盐9份、棕榈酸3份、十二水合硫酸铝钾6份、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐8份、季戊四醇2份、角鲨烷2份、三月桂胺4份、氧铁红5份、十二烷基磺酸钠3份、酒石酸4份、半胱氨酸3份、脱乙酰壳聚糖多糖2份、苄基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵2份、乙烯基三（β-甲氧基乙氧基）硅烷4份、酒石酸3份；
（2）将天然染料原材料洗净、干燥、研磨至粉末，过300目筛；
（3）将步骤（2）中的粉末溶于等体积的去离子水中，超声分散，超声时间为45分钟，超声频率为240KW；
（4）将步骤（3）的超声分散混合物加热至55℃，再加入等体积的无水乙醇，加压蒸馏，得到冷凝的滤液；
（5）将丁苯乳胶、乙基纤维素、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠、5- 二氨基苯乙醇硫酸盐、棕榈酸、十二水合硫酸铝钾、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐、季戊四醇、角鲨烷、三月桂胺、乙烯基三（β-甲氧基乙氧基）硅烷、酒石酸注入反应釜中，混合搅拌，搅拌速度为140转/分钟，反应时间为45分钟，反应温度为180℃；
（6）将步骤（5）中的反应物至于二氧化碳环境下冷却至室温；
（7）往步骤（6）的冷却物中加入步骤（4）的冷凝滤液和有机染色原料、氧铁红、十二烷基磺酸钠、酒石酸、半胱氨酸、脱乙酰壳聚糖多糖、苄基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵混合均匀，注入发泡机，充分鼓起发泡，静置45分钟；
（8）将步骤（7）中的混合液过滤，压缩喷雾，得到粉末状的染料成品，分装即可。
制得的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料的性能测试结果如表1所示。
实施例4
（1）按照重量份称取天茜草25份、凤仙花25份、有机染色原料3份、丁苯乳胶10份、乙基纤维素5份、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠12份、5- 二氨基苯乙醇硫酸盐10份、棕榈酸4份、十二水合硫酸铝钾7份、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐9 份、季戊四醇3份、角鲨烷2份、三月桂胺5份、氧铁红6份、十二烷基磺酸钠4份、酒石酸5份、半胱氨酸3份、脱乙酰壳聚糖多糖2份、苄基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵2份、3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷5份、木质素磺酸钠4份；
（2）将茜草、凤仙花洗净、干燥、研磨至粉末，过300目筛；
（3）将步骤（2）中的粉末溶于等体积的去离子水中，超声分散，超声时间为45分钟，超声频率为250KW；
（4）将步骤（3）的超声分散混合物加热至60℃，再加入等体积的无水乙醇，加压蒸馏，得到冷凝的滤液；
（5）将丁苯乳胶、乙基纤维素、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠、5- 二氨基苯乙醇硫酸盐、棕榈酸、十二水合硫酸铝钾、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐、季戊四醇、角鲨烷、三月桂胺、3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、木质素磺酸钠注入反应釜中，混合搅拌，搅拌速度为150转/分钟，反应时间为45分钟，反应温度为190℃；
（6）将步骤（5）中的反应物至于二氧化碳环境下冷却至室温；
（7）往步骤（6）的冷却物中加入步骤（4）的冷凝滤液和有机染色原料、氧铁红、十二烷基磺酸钠、酒石酸、半胱氨酸、脱乙酰壳聚糖多糖、苄基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵混合均匀，注入发泡机，充分鼓起发泡，静置45分钟；
（8）将步骤（7）中的混合液过滤，压缩喷雾，得到粉末状的染料成品，分装即可。
制得的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料的性能测试结果如表1所示。
对比例1
（1）按照重量份称取蓼蓝15份、菘蓝35份、有机染色原料1份、丁苯乳胶5份、乙基纤维素1份、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠10份、5- 二氨基苯乙醇硫酸盐6份、棕榈酸1份、十二水合硫酸铝钾4份、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐7 份、角鲨烷1份、三月桂胺3份、氧铁红3份、十二烷基磺酸钠1份、半胱氨酸1份、脱乙酰壳聚糖多糖1份、苄基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵1份、γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷2-份、柠檬酸1份；
（2）将蓼蓝、菘蓝洗净、干燥、研磨至粉末，过300目筛；
（3）将步骤（2）中的粉末溶于等体积的去离子水中，超声分散，超声时间为45分钟，超声频率为220KW；
（4）将步骤（3）的超声分散混合物加热至45℃，再加入等体积的无水乙醇，加压蒸馏，得到冷凝的滤液；
（5）将丁苯乳胶、乙基纤维素、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠、5- 二氨基苯乙醇硫酸盐、棕榈酸、十二水合硫酸铝钾、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐、角鲨烷、三月桂胺、γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、柠檬酸注入反应釜中，混合搅拌，搅拌速度为125转/分钟，反应时间为45分钟，反应温度为160℃；
（6）将步骤（5）中的反应物至于二氧化碳环境下冷却至室温；
（7）往步骤（6）的冷却物中加入步骤（4）的冷凝滤液和有机染色原料、氧铁红、十二烷基磺酸钠、半胱氨酸、脱乙酰壳聚糖多糖、苄基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵混合均匀，注入发泡机，充分鼓起发泡，静置45分钟；
（8）将步骤（7）中的混合液过滤，压缩喷雾，得到粉末状的染料成品，分装即可。
制得的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料的性能测试结果如表1所示。
对比例2
（1）按照重量份称取天茜草25份、凤仙花25份、有机染色原料3份、丁苯乳胶10份、乙基纤维素5份、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠12份、5- 二氨基苯乙醇硫酸盐10份、棕榈酸4份、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐9 份、季戊四醇3份、角鲨烷2份、三月桂胺5份、氧铁红6份、十二烷基磺酸钠4份、酒石酸5份、脱乙酰壳聚糖多糖2份、苄基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵2份、3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷5份、木质素磺酸钠4份；
（2）将茜草、凤仙花洗净、干燥、研磨至粉末，过300目筛；
（3）将步骤（2）中的粉末溶于等体积的去离子水中，超声分散，超声时间为45分钟，超声频率为250KW；
（4）将步骤（3）的超声分散混合物加热至60℃，再加入等体积的无水乙醇，加压蒸馏，得到冷凝的滤液；
（5）将丁苯乳胶、乙基纤维素、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠、5- 二氨基苯乙醇硫酸盐、棕榈酸、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐、季戊四醇、角鲨烷、三月桂胺、3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、木质素磺酸钠注入反应釜中，混合搅拌，搅拌速度为150转/分钟，反应时间为45分钟，反应温度为190℃；
（6）将步骤（5）中的反应物至于二氧化碳环境下冷却至室温；
（7）往步骤（6）的冷却物中加入步骤（4）的冷凝滤液和有机染色原料、氧铁红、十二烷基磺酸钠、酒石酸、脱乙酰壳聚糖多糖、苄基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵混合均匀，注入发泡机，充分鼓起发泡，静置45分钟；
（8）将步骤（7）中的混合液过滤，压缩喷雾，得到粉末状的染料成品，分装即可。
制得的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料的性能测试结果如表1所示。
将实施例1-4和对比例1-2的制得的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料进行日晒牢度、皂洗牢度、摩擦牢度、汗渍牢度和致敏反应这几项性能测试。
表1
日晒牢度（级） 皂洗牢度（级） 摩擦牢度（干/湿；级） 汗渍牢度（级） 致敏反应
实施例1 4 4 4/3 4 无
实施例2 4 4 4/3 4 无
实施例3 4 4 4/3 4 无
实施例4 4 4 4/3 4 无
对比例1 3 2 3/2 2 无
对比例2 3 4 4/3 3 无
本发明的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料，以天然染料原材料、丁苯乳胶、乙基纤维素、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠、5- 二氨基苯乙醇硫酸盐、棕榈酸、十二水合硫酸铝钾、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐、季戊四醇、角鲨烷、三月桂胺为主要成分，通过加入有机染色原料、氧铁红、十二烷基磺酸钠、酒石酸、半胱氨酸、脱乙酰壳聚糖多糖、苄基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵、偶联剂、助剂，辅以研磨过筛、超声分散、加压蒸馏、搅拌反应、冷却发泡、压缩喷雾等工艺，使得制备而成的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料，其染料色彩持久不褪色，安全无刺激，能够满足行业的要求，具有较好的应用前景。本发明的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料原料廉价、工艺简单，适于大规模工业化运用，实用性强。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (6)

1.一种抗菌防褪色的纺织染料，其特征在于：由下列重量份的原料制成：天然染料原材料30-50份、有机染色原料1-3份、丁苯乳胶5-10份、乙基纤维素1-5份、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠10-12份、5- 二氨基苯乙醇硫酸盐6-10份、棕榈酸1-4份、十二水合硫酸铝钾4-7份、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐7-9 份、季戊四醇1-3份、角鲨烷1-2份、三月桂胺3-5份、氧铁红3-6份、十二烷基磺酸钠1-4份、酒石酸2-5份、半胱氨酸1-3份、脱乙酰壳聚糖多糖1-2份、苄基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵1-2份、偶联剂2-5份、助剂1-4份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料，其特征在于：所述天然染料原材料为蓼蓝、菘蓝、荩草、姜黄、紫草、龙胆、茜草、凤仙花、薯莨、五倍子中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料，其特征在于：所述偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三（β-甲氧基乙氧基）硅烷、3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的任意一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料，其特征在于：所述助剂选自柠檬酸、新戊二醇、酒石酸、木质素磺酸钠中的任意一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1～4任一所述的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）按照重量份称取各原料；
（2）将天然染料原材料洗净、干燥、研磨至粉末，过300目筛；
（3）将步骤（2）中的粉末溶于等体积的去离子水中，超声分散，超声时间为45分钟，超声频率为220-250KW；
（4）将步骤（3）的超声分散混合物加热至45-60℃，再加入等体积的无水乙醇，加压蒸馏，得到冷凝的滤液；
（5）将丁苯乳胶、乙基纤维素、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠、5- 二氨基苯乙醇硫酸盐、棕榈酸、十二水合硫酸铝钾、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐、季戊四醇、角鲨烷、三月桂胺、偶联剂、助剂注入反应釜中，混合搅拌，搅拌速度为125-150转/分钟，反应时间为45分钟，反应温度为160-190℃；
（6）将步骤（5）中的反应物至于惰性气体环境下冷却至室温；
（7）往步骤（6）的冷却物中加入步骤（4）的冷凝滤液和有机染色原料、氧铁红、十二烷基磺酸钠、酒石酸、半胱氨酸、脱乙酰壳聚糖多糖、苄基二甲基十二烷基氯化铵混合均匀，注入发泡机，充分鼓起发泡，静置45分钟；
（8）将步骤（7）中的混合液过滤，压缩喷雾，得到粉末状的染料成品，分装即可。
6.根据权利要求5所述的抗菌防褪色的纺织染料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述惰性气体为二氧化碳。
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