CN107135769A - The shallow green tape orientation knot potato cultural method of Chinese yam - Google Patents

The shallow green tape orientation knot potato cultural method of Chinese yam Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107135769A
CN107135769A CN201710352797.5A CN201710352797A CN107135769A CN 107135769 A CN107135769 A CN 107135769A CN 201710352797 A CN201710352797 A CN 201710352797A CN 107135769 A CN107135769 A CN 107135769A
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chinese yam
green tape
shallow
shallow green
potato
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史新敏
李勇
杨峰
樊继德
陆信娟
赵林
李刚波
张婷
刘灿玉
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XUZHOU AGRICULTURE SCIENCE INST XUHUAI AREA JIANGSU
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XUZHOU AGRICULTURE SCIENCE INST XUHUAI AREA JIANGSU
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of shallow green tape orientation knot potato cultural method of Chinese yam, belong to yam cultivation technical field;By directional cultivation, by ground, man slope steps on orientation oblique angle, replaces shallow raw groove to realize 11 13 ° of gradient with shallow green tape with being changed to downwards upwardly.Reduce the shallow raw groove of Chinese yam and cultivate orientation knot planting potato, harvest cost, lowering of watertable rise is to having a strong impact on that Chinese yam production is caused, the technology and the traditional yam cultivation Technical comparing of this kind, and every mu can save 50 60 labors;Per mu yield increases by 500 800kg, volume increase 15 20%;Produced Chinese yam French fries are neat, full, smooth, color of the leather is good, do not damaged during harvest, stem tuber storage tolerance, and commodity value is high.

Description

The shallow green tape orientation knot potato cultural method of Chinese yam
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of shallow green tape orientation knot potato cultural method of Chinese yam, belong to yam cultivation technical field;Mainly For the shallow green tape orientation knot potato cultivation of high added value Chinese yam, plantation, harvest Portable power saving can be realized simultaneously, spacing in the rows, knot potato are uniform Unanimously, so as to reach abridged edition, efficiently plant target.
Background technology
Chinese yam is the high-efficiency and economic crop of a kind of grain, dish, medicine dual-purpose, is also that China's export is earned foreign exchange one of Specialty vegetable.Mesh The planting type of the preceding big Chinese yam main producing region of China four is that the cultivation of fraction excavated by manual work zanjon and large area machinery melt zanjon powdery ridge Cultivation, unique harvesting approach is exactly artificial ditching harvest, and harvest time length, difficulty are big, cost is high.The current upper main cultivation mountain of production Medicine kind is respectively provided with relatively by force to ground growth characteristics, and Chinese yam underground Tuber length is concentrated in the range of 80-110cm, and all Yam variety is drought-enduring, intolerant to waterlogging.Part Chinese yam main producing region in recent years, in month summer 8-9 Chinese yam stem tuber knot potato expanding stage, rainfall Amount causes level of ground water to raise than larger and concentration, and rut ditch phenomenon of collapsing is serious, causes Chinese yam yield to be greatly reduced, or even total crop failure, The enthusiasm that numerous sweet potato growers plant Chinese yam is seriously dampened.
Method for directional tank shallow planting for Chinese yam is invented in woods osmanthus in Jiedong County of Guangdong Province(Patent No. ZL2007100282667), manually changed Chinese yam stem tuber and be grown to vertically downward close to the orientation life of layer of ground soil constant slope It is long, using the advantage that shallow soil layer day and night temperature is big, loosing soil, permeability are good, make that the long potato of Chinese yam is fast, harvest easily, can be many Type soil is widely applied plantation.General single file plantation, shallow raw groove specification is long 80-110cm, width 6-8cm, depth 3-5cm. Line-spacing 140-160cm, excavates spacing(Spacing in the rows)The parallel oblique ditch of 25-30cm, width 6-8cm, 15-18 ° of gradient, lower end depth 25- 27cm, every mu about 2000-2200 plants.Potato seed is placed in parallel with shallow raw groove, it is desirable to potato seed kind skin upward, mulching soil 5-10cm It is thick.
The shallow raw groove orientation knot potato cultivation southern hillses hillside fields of Chinese yam is simple and easy to apply, ditches on the slope just.But the north It is cumbersome that plains region will place the shallow raw groove of orientation on ground, must also man slope trench digging complete, take a lot of work, time-consuming, laborious.And The shallow raw groove groover of Chinese yam of Hunan Province Shaodong County Yang Jian Chu invention(Patent No. ZL201620285924)Structure is again too complicated, Not easy to operate, hold successfully also needs artificial secondary to put groove operation and could complete after groove.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the shallow raw groove cultivation orientation knot planting potato of reduction Chinese yam, harvest cost, reduce underground water Position rise to Chinese yam produce cause have a strong impact on, by ground upwardly man slope step on downwards with being changed to orientation oblique angle, with Shallow green tape replaces shallow raw groove to realize 11-13 ° of gradient.
Turn waste into wealth the invention provides one kind, gather materials on the spot, simple in construction, cost is extremely low, easy to operate, save labor Chinese yam shallow green tape orientation knot potato cultural method.The technology and the traditional yam cultivation Technical comparing of this kind, every mu can save 50- 60 labors;Per mu yield increases 500-800kg, increases production 15-20%;Produced Chinese yam French fries are neat, full, smooth, color of the leather It is good, do not damaged during harvest, stem tuber storage tolerance, commodity value is high.
The present invention is realized with following technical scheme:The shallow green tape orientation knot potato cultural method of Chinese yam, enters as follows OK:
Step 1)Subsoiling, leveling rake deep plough carefully:The Ching Ming Festival to grain rains during, high-quality well-rotted farmyard manure 3000- is applied on every mu of ground 5000kg, become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer 100-150kg, nitrogenous fertilizer 5-10kg, phosphate fertilizer 10-15kg, potash fertilizer 15-20kg;
After fertilising, Chinese yam is pressed to working width 1.5m, tilling depth 35cm, once, then leveling rake is thin, ploughs into deep ploughing deep for deep ploughing subsoiling The thin Chinese yam of pine, leveling rake;
Hydraulic pressure deep ploughing can be worn to the thin Chinese yam of the deep ploughing subsoiling, leveling rake with 60-90 horsepowers of large-scale four-wheel tractors deep Loose Bidirectional plough, working width 1.5m, tilling depth 35cm, once, then leveling rake is thin for subsoiling that Chinese yam is deep ploughed;Or with Guangxi agriculture section The rotary-grinding type multifunctional machine for deep tillage of powder ridge of the inventions such as this brightness of institute's industrial crops research institute Wei(Patent No.: ZL2010102706143, patent name is:Rotary-grinding type multifunctional machine for deep tillage of powder ridge)Powdery ridge is once.Soil can so be improved Structure, is conducive to the smooth laying of the shallow green tape of Chinese yam again.
Step 2)The making of shallow green tape:Wide 13-15cm, long 80-100cm shallow green tape are cut into woven bag;
The shallow green tape can use waste and old fertilizer(Or feed)Woven bag is cut into shallow green tape, turns waste into wealth, with shallow green tape Instead of shallow raw groove.The shallow green tape of woven bag material was both durable in use, it is permeable to inhale fertilizer, can hinder wearing for Chinese yam as shallow raw groove again More, the direction of Chinese yam growth is changed.
Step 3)Directional cultivation:In step 1)The thin Chinese yam of the deep ploughing subsoiling ploughed, leveling rake on the ground, is oriented knot potato Chinese yam potato seed is cultivated, first shallow green tape is placed on soil, then entered into shallow green tape is oblique in Chinese yam ground so that shallow green tape and Chinese yam Ground horizontal plane is placed in parallel Chinese yam potato seed with shallow green tape into 11-13 ° of oblique angle, it is desirable to potato seed kind skin upward, line-spacing 140- 160cm, spacing in the rows 25-30cm;Mulching soil 3-5cm is thick;Future, Chinese yam stem tuber was conducive to the autumn along the orientation knot potato growth of shallow green tape Season Chinese yam harvesting, Portable power saving.
Step 4)Chinese yam harvesting:Before Frost's Descent mid or late October, progress removes frame, cuts climing, harvest;Shallow cut exposes Chinese yam mouth Son, gently draws shallow green tape, and whole piece takes out Chinese yam.Reach Chinese yam harvesting abridged edition, saving of labor, it is laborsaving, efficiently plant target.
It is further preferred that the step 3)In shallow green tape and Chinese yam horizontal plane into 11 ° of oblique angle.
Embodiment
Following examples are that the present invention is further illustrated, are not limitations of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:The Guihuai No.6 for 5 mu having been carried out in Xuzhou City of Jiangsu Province economic development zone great Miao towns great Miao villages in 2016 The shallow green tape orientation knot potato experiment in cultivation of Chinese yam.
(1)Subsoiling, leveling rake deep plough carefully:April 10 mu apply high-quality well-rotted farmyard manure 5000kg, become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer 150kg, nitrogen Fertile 5kg, phosphate fertilizer 15kg, potash fertilizer 20kg.Hydraulic pressure deep ploughing subsoiling Bidirectional plough, working width are worn with 82 horsepowers of large-scale four-wheel tractors 1.5m, tilling depth 35cm, once, then leveling rake is thin for subsoiling that Chinese yam is deep ploughed.
(2)Turn waste into wealth, with band for groove:Used seedling medium fertilizer woven bag is cut into wide 15cm, long 80cm Shallow green tape, turn waste into wealth, with shallow green tape replace shallow raw groove.
(3)Gather materials on the spot, make finder:6 points of thick stainless steel tubes are first welded into a length of side 100cm equilateral triangle branch Frame and 12 ° of right angled triangles orientation support, 2 triangles possess same side.Support depth 27cm is oriented, pipe range is oriented 105cm, orientation support ground pipe range 115cm.One thick 3 cun, long 108cm stainless steel tubes of welding on the outside of long 105cm oriented tubes, outside Side can place the shallow green tape of yam cultivation of 80cm length.On the thin fine earth of deep ploughing subsoiling, leveling rake, shallow green tape and shallow life are placed Groove cultivates finder(Patent name is:A kind of shallow raw groove cultivation finder, the patent No.:ZL2016212124565, Jiangsu Xu Huai Regional Xuzhou Institute of agricultural sciences Shi Xinmin etc.), one presses down with the foot at list pin, makes long 115cm oriented tubes consistent with ground, then will Shallow raw groove cultivation finder is by 12 ° of oblique angles to taking-up, and shallow green tape comes off naturally, is crushing in fine earth into 12 ° of gradients, thus may be used Easily to carry out shallow green tape orientation knot potato cultivation Chinese yam potato seed.Line-spacing 140cm, spacing 30cm, potato seed is parallel with shallow green tape to put Put, it is desirable to which upward, mulching soil 5cm is thick for potato seed kind skin.
(4)Shallow cut gently draws, saved labor:Carried out October 25 removing frame, cut climing, harvest.Shallow cut exposes Chinese yam mouthpiece, gently draws nylon The shallow green tape of braiding, whole piece takes out Chinese yam.With traditional Guihuai No.6 yam cultivation Technical comparing, every mu can save 55 work use Work, per mu yield increase 600kg, volume increase 18%.
Embodiment 2:No. 5 Chinese yams of platform agriculture for having carried out 15 mu for 2016 in great Xi towns Qian Xi villages of Taizhou Wenling city are shallow Green tape orientation knot potato experiment in cultivation.
(1)Subsoiling, leveling rake deep plough carefully:April 8 mu apply high-quality well-rotted farmyard manure 3000kg, become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer 100kg, nitrogen Fertile 5kg, phosphate fertilizer 15kg, potash fertilizer 20kg, are deep ploughed powder with the rotatably processing of the inventions such as Guangxi academy of agricultural sciences' institute of economic crops Wei this brightness Ridge multi-functional mechanical powdery ridge is once.
(2)Turn waste into wealth, with band for groove:Used fish meal woven bag is cut into wide 15cm, long 100cm shallow life Band, turns waste into wealth, and shallow raw groove is replaced with shallow green tape.
(3)Gather materials on the spot, make finder:First by 6 points of thick bamboo poles be spliced into a length of side 100cm equilateral triangles support and One 13 ° of right angled triangle orients support, and 2 triangles possess same side.Support depth 27cm is oriented, pipe range 105cm is oriented, Orient support ground pipe range 115cm.One thick 3 cun, long 108cm bamboo poles of splicing on the outside of long 105cm oriented tubes, outside can be placed The shallow green tape of yam cultivation of 100cm length.On fine earth after powdery ridge, shallow green tape and shallow raw groove cultivation finder are placed(Patent It is entitled:A kind of shallow raw groove cultivation finder, the patent No.:ZL2016212124565, Xu-Huai area Xuzhou, Jiangsu agricultural sciences is ground Study carefully institute Shi Xinmin etc.), one is pressed down with the foot at list pin, makes long 115cm oriented tubes consistent with ground, then shallow raw groove cultivation finder is pressed 13 ° of oblique taking-ups, shallow green tape comes off naturally, is crushing in fine earth into 13 ° of gradients, thus can easily carry out shallow green tape orientation Tie potato cultivation Chinese yam potato seed.Line-spacing 160cm, spacing 30cm, potato seed are placed in parallel with shallow green tape, it is desirable to potato seed kind skin upward, Mulching soil 5cm is thick.
(4)Shallow cut gently draws, saved labor:Carried out October 30 removing frame, cut climing, harvest.Shallow cut exposes Chinese yam mouthpiece, gently draws nylon The shallow green tape of braiding, whole piece takes out Chinese yam.With traditional No. 5 yam cultivation Technical comparings of platform agriculture, every mu can save 60 work Recruitment, per mu yield increase 800kg, volume increase 20%.
Embodiment 3:The Qarnet Chinese yam mountain for 10 mu having been carried out in Xuzhou City of Jiangsu Province Feng County Wang Gouzhen Jiang Laojiacun in 2016 The shallow green tape orientation knot potato experiment in cultivation of medicine.
(1)Subsoiling, leveling rake deep plough carefully:April 20 mu apply high-quality well-rotted farmyard manure 3000kg, become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer 150kg, nitrogen Fertile 10kg, phosphate fertilizer 15kg, potash fertilizer 20kg.Hydraulic pressure deep ploughing subsoiling Bidirectional plough is worn with 82 horsepowers of large-scale four-wheel tractors, is ploughed Width 1.5m, tilling depth 35cm, once, then leveling rake is thin for subsoiling that Chinese yam is deep ploughed.
(2)Turn waste into wealth, with band for groove:By used urea fertilizer woven bag be cut into wide 15cm, long 90cm it is shallow Green tape, turns waste into wealth, and shallow raw groove is replaced with shallow green tape.
(3)Gather materials on the spot, make finder:6 points of thick cured waddys are first spliced into a length of side 100cm equilateral triangle support And 11 ° of right angled triangle orients support, 2 triangles possess same side.Support depth 27cm is oriented, pipe range is oriented 105cm, orientation support ground pipe range 115cm.One thick 3 cun, the cured waddys of long 108cm, outside of splicing on the outside of long 105cm oriented tubes The shallow green tape of yam cultivation of 90cm length can be placed.On the thin fine earth of deep ploughing subsoiling, leveling rake, shallow green tape and shallow raw groove are placed Cultivate finder(Patent name is:A kind of shallow raw groove cultivation finder, the patent No.:ZL2016212124565, Jiangsu Xu Huai Area Xuzhou Institute of agricultural sciences Shi Xinmin etc.), one presses down with the foot at list pin, makes long 115cm oriented tubes consistent with ground, then will be shallow Raw groove cultivation finder comes off naturally by 11 ° of oblique taking-ups, shallow green tape, is crushing in fine earth into 11 ° of gradients, thus can be light Pine carries out shallow green tape orientation knot potato cultivation Chinese yam potato seed.Line-spacing 140cm, spacing 30cm, potato seed are placed in parallel with shallow green tape, Seek potato seed kind skin upward, mulching soil 3cm is thick.
(4)Shallow cut gently draws, saved labor:Carried out October 23 removing frame, cut climing, harvest.Shallow cut exposes Chinese yam mouthpiece, gently draws nylon The shallow green tape of braiding, whole piece takes out Chinese yam.With traditional Qarnet Chinese yam yam cultivation Technical comparing, every mu can save 50 work Recruitment, per mu yield increase 500kg, volume increase 15%.

Claims (2)

1. the shallow green tape orientation knot potato cultural method of Chinese yam, it is characterised in that:Carry out as follows:
Step 1)Subsoiling, leveling rake deep plough carefully:The Ching Ming Festival to grain rains during, high-quality well-rotted farmyard manure 3000- is applied on every mu of ground 5000kg, become thoroughly decomposed cake fertilizer 100-150kg, nitrogenous fertilizer 5-10kg, phosphate fertilizer 10-15kg, potash fertilizer 15-20kg;
After fertilising, Chinese yam is pressed to working width 1.5m, tilling depth 35cm, once, then leveling rake is thin, ploughs into deep ploughing deep for deep ploughing subsoiling The thin Chinese yam of pine, leveling rake;
Step 2)The making of shallow green tape:Wide 13-15cm, long 80-100cm shallow green tape are cut into waste woven bag;
Step 3)Directional cultivation:In step 1)The thin Chinese yam of the deep ploughing subsoiling ploughed, leveling rake on the ground, is oriented knot potato cultivation Chinese yam potato seed, first places shallow green tape on soil, then enters into shallow green tape is oblique in Chinese yam ground so that shallow green tape and Chinese yam ground water Plane is placed in parallel Chinese yam potato seed with shallow green tape into 11-13 ° of oblique angle, it is desirable to potato seed kind skin upward, line-spacing 140-160cm, Spacing in the rows 25-30cm;Mulching soil 3-5cm is thick;
Step 4)Chinese yam harvesting:Before Frost's Descent mid or late October, progress removes frame, cuts climing, harvest;Shallow cut exposes Chinese yam mouthpiece, gently Shallow green tape is drawn, whole piece takes out Chinese yam.
2. the shallow green tape orientation knot potato cultural method of Chinese yam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step 3)In it is shallow Green tape and Chinese yam horizontal plane into 11 ° of oblique angle.
CN201710352797.5A 2017-05-18 2017-05-18 The shallow green tape orientation knot potato cultural method of Chinese yam Pending CN107135769A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113016540A (en) * 2021-03-18 2021-06-25 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所(广西亚热带农产品加工研究所) Directional potato bearing device and high-yield cassava cultivation method
CN114303843A (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-04-12 宜春市科学院(江西富硒产业研究院) Shallow directional cultivation method for ginseng and sweet potato

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1052235A (en) * 1990-03-01 1991-06-19 黄文华 A kind of cultivation method of Chinese yam
CN102257915A (en) * 2011-04-28 2011-11-30 梁文荣 Method for transversely growing yam and interplanting spring and autumn potato under coverage of straw
CN103609283A (en) * 2013-11-18 2014-03-05 邹建运 Method for planting yams
CN104170605A (en) * 2013-05-22 2014-12-03 龚名观 Directional cultivation method for Chinese yam by guide groove
CN105724031A (en) * 2016-03-09 2016-07-06 绵阳市农业科学研究院 Phyllostachys pubescens guide groove supergene cultivation method for purple yam
CN206165290U (en) * 2016-11-10 2017-05-17 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所(江苏徐州甘薯研究中心) Shallow living groove of chinese yam cultivation direction finder

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1052235A (en) * 1990-03-01 1991-06-19 黄文华 A kind of cultivation method of Chinese yam
CN102257915A (en) * 2011-04-28 2011-11-30 梁文荣 Method for transversely growing yam and interplanting spring and autumn potato under coverage of straw
CN104170605A (en) * 2013-05-22 2014-12-03 龚名观 Directional cultivation method for Chinese yam by guide groove
CN103609283A (en) * 2013-11-18 2014-03-05 邹建运 Method for planting yams
CN105724031A (en) * 2016-03-09 2016-07-06 绵阳市农业科学研究院 Phyllostachys pubescens guide groove supergene cultivation method for purple yam
CN206165290U (en) * 2016-11-10 2017-05-17 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所(江苏徐州甘薯研究中心) Shallow living groove of chinese yam cultivation direction finder

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113016540A (en) * 2021-03-18 2021-06-25 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所(广西亚热带农产品加工研究所) Directional potato bearing device and high-yield cassava cultivation method
CN114303843A (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-04-12 宜春市科学院(江西富硒产业研究院) Shallow directional cultivation method for ginseng and sweet potato
CN114303843B (en) * 2021-12-28 2023-01-03 宜春市科学院(江西富硒产业研究院) Shallow directional cultivation method for ginseng and sweet potato

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